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EP0224012A2 - Method for constructing walls of building elements and buildings, and building blocks used by said method - Google Patents

Method for constructing walls of building elements and buildings, and building blocks used by said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224012A2
EP0224012A2 EP86114392A EP86114392A EP0224012A2 EP 0224012 A2 EP0224012 A2 EP 0224012A2 EP 86114392 A EP86114392 A EP 86114392A EP 86114392 A EP86114392 A EP 86114392A EP 0224012 A2 EP0224012 A2 EP 0224012A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
blocks
walls
building
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86114392A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0224012A3 (en
Inventor
Francesco Giovannini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT22583/85A external-priority patent/IT1185470B/en
Priority claimed from IT2228486U external-priority patent/IT206996Z2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0224012A2 publication Critical patent/EP0224012A2/en
Publication of EP0224012A3 publication Critical patent/EP0224012A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of triangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0217—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of prismatic shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for building the exterior or interior walls of building elements and buildings using building blocks obtained by molding.
  • the invention also relates to building blocks for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Said formwork generally comprises a formwork delimited below by a base and in the upper part by a vibrating pestle.
  • upper and lower surfaces of the blocks are obtained which are not perfectly smooth and / or parallel to each other because of the configuration of the base and / or the pestle, or else because of the wear of said components.
  • These imperfections in the upper and lower surfaces of the blocks make it necessary, during the construction of the walls, to put an abundant layer of mortar (10-12 mm) between one course of blocks and the next, in order to be able to reestablish the plane of each course, by treading the blocks more or less in the mortar.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for building the walls of building elements and buildings by using building blocks, this method being able to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the methods known up to 'Now, in particular allowing a very significant reduction, or even the elimination of the quantity of mortar to be spread between one course of blocks and the next and thus making possible and advantageous the use of so-called adhesive mortars.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method for building said walls by using building blocks, which makes it possible to mechanize the operations of laying the blocks and possibly the layer of mortar between one course and the next.
  • a process for building the walls of construction elements and buildings by using building blocks characterized in that the blocks are implemented in such a way that two opposite walls of each block, produced in contact with two side walls of the formwork, respectively become the crest wall and the base wall of the block used.
  • the walls of the block in contact with the lower forming base and with the upper vibrocompression pestle which as already said, are not generally perfectly parallel to each other and have not perfectly flat surfaces, become the side walls of the block implemented, while two of the walls of the block in contact with the side walls of the formwork, which are always perfectly parallel to each other and have perfectly flat surfaces, become respectively the base and crest walls of the block implemented.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a building block for carrying out the above-mentioned process.
  • Said building block is characterized in that it is in the form of a solid with six faces which, when implemented, has base and crest walls parallel to each other, the projection of the face in view, on a plane parallel to that of the wall, being substantially square.
  • the main building block 1 is a solid with six faces which, when implemented, has the base 2 and crest 3 walls, characterized by surfaces of support 2 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ strictly plane and parallel to each other.
  • the face in view 4 may or may not be parallel to the opposite face but, in any case, it is expedient, for reasons of production advantages, that its projection onto a plane parallel to that of the wall is substantially square.
  • the walls side 5 are preferably mutually parallel and perpendicular to the base 2 and crest 3 walls and can be provided with lightening holes 5 ′.
  • said walls may have cavities 5 "and projections 5" ⁇ obtained by appropriate shaping of the pestle and the base of the mold, with male and female interlocking as illustrated in FIGS.
  • the side wall or walls of accessory blocks have female parts suitable for cooperating with male parts 5 " ⁇ presented by the main blocks.
  • the base 2 and crest 3 walls of block 1 have a groove 6 and a relief 7, respectively, both parallel to the edges of the face in view 4 and on either side of the axis of symmetry of the respective wall.
  • the groove 6 and the relief 7 extend over the entire length of the respective wall and are shaped so as to be able to combine them by male and female fitting in.
  • the relief 7 has a central channel 7 ′ suitable for receiving a round iron (not illustrated).
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an accessory block 8 or 9 having a substantially parallelepiped shape, with the same height and the same thickness as those of the main block 1.
  • the base wall 11, during implementation, of the block 8 or 9 has a groove 12 corresponding to that which has the base wall of the main block 1. Said groove 12 is able to combine with the relief 7 which has the crest wall 3 of the main block 1.
  • One of the two side walls 13 of the block 8 can also have a groove 14, aligned with the grooves on the base walls and Crete.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an accessory block 8 having a length of the view face 15 equal to half that of the corresponding face of the main block 1
  • the accessory block 9 illustrated in FIG. 3 has a length of the face in view 15 equal to a quarter of the length of the corresponding face of the main block 1.
  • Figure 4 shows another accessory block 16 having an essentially parallelepiped shape and the same dimensions as those of the main block.
  • the base wall 18 of the block implemented 16 has a groove 19 corresponding to that present in the base wall of the main block 1.
  • the block 16 On one of the two lateral faces 20, the block 16 has a groove 21 which is deeper than the groove 19 present in the base wall; said groove 21 has a depth which goes from a quarter to half the length of the face in view 22 in order to be able to combine with equal grooves of blocks positioned differently, in order to form a vertical channel, as will be seen by the after.
  • the face 20 'opposite the face 20 has a groove 19' having the same configuration and cross section as those of the groove 19.
  • the main block 1 and the accessory blocks 8, 9 and 16 are produced, in a manner known per se, by vibrocompression of a material inside a formwork delimited below by a base.
  • Figure 5 shows, by way of example, how a main block 1 is removed of the formwork 23. It is observed that the base 2 and crest 3 walls of the block 1 are defined by the side walls of the formwork 23. Said walls thus have perfectly flat surfaces which are parallel to each other and, when the block is used , it is not necessary to extend, between one block and the next, a layer of mortar to compensate for any irregularities or lack of parallelism of said base and ridge walls.
  • the blocks are molded in the formwork with the face in view 4 defined by one of the side walls of the formwork; in this way, it is possible to produce blocks with the face in view carrying moldings 4 'and / or differently inclined; in particular, the face in view may have an inclination such that, when the blocks are implemented, the wall has a surface in view shaped as sawtooth, the teeth being turned outward and downward (Fig. 6).
  • the main block 1 and the accessory blocks 8, 9 and 16 constitute the basic elements of a modular system for the construction of walls.
  • FIGS 7 to 10 illustrate different examples of walls made using the modular system according to the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of a block course and the next course of two intersecting walls forming an angle of 90 ° between them.
  • the first course 23 is formed by a part 24 of main blocks 1 and by an orthogonal part 25 also of main blocks 1, ending with an accessory block 16 and an accessory block 8. It should be noted that the grooves 14 and 21 produced on the lateral faces of the accessory blocks 8 and 16 form a hole 26 in which a round iron 27 can be passed.
  • the accessory blocks 8 and 16 are aligned with part 29, orthogonally to the blocks of the previous course, forming a hole 26 aligned with the hole of the previous course for the possible passage of pipes or conduits, the pier of a concrete pillar, etc ...
  • Figure 8 is an axonometric view of a wall; this figure shows that the accessory blocks 8 can be used to finish the vertical edge 30 as well as the horizontal edge 31 of the wall itself.
  • the accessory blocks 9 can be used to correct the length of the wall. Indeed, by placing an accessory block 9 between two main blocks 1 of each course, it is possible to increase the total length of the wall, for example by a quarter of the length of a main block 1.
  • Figure 9 is an axonometric view of the walls illustrated in Figure 7; this figure shows that in the channels 7 ′ of the reliefs 7 of the main blocks 1 and in the vertical hole 26 formed in the angle produced by the accessory blocks 8 and 16, it is possible to introduce round irons 27 of a frame .
  • FIG. 10 shows two walls crossing at T.
  • the use of accessory blocks 8 and 16 makes it possible to form vertical holes 26 for the passage of the round bars of the frame both at the point of intersection of the two walls and along the walls themselves, the holes 26 can be formed by the union of two blocks 8 and 16 as well as by the union of two blocks 16
  • the blocks 16 can be arranged with the groove 19 'combined with the relief 7 of the main blocks and with the groove 21 turned upwards, to form a channel ready to receive a jetty. of concrete forming for example the bead of a sole.
  • the side walls of the main block used may have cavities and projections capable of cooperating with each other by male and female interlocking. Said cavities can advantageously consist of some of the lightening holes present in the blocks.
  • Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two main blocks 32 and 33 each having, on one of the two side walls 34, projections 35 obtained next to some of the lightening holes 36. The coupling between the projections 35 and the holes d 'lightening 36 of the two blocks is made possible by the fact that said blocks differ from one another by the position of the projections and of the lightening holes, which is reversed.
  • the blocks 32 and 33 are cut according to the traces AA of the preceding figure and are arranged in a position of mutual presentation before they are implemented.
  • the projections 35 of the block 32 are aligned with the lightening holes 36 of the block 33 and are in an inverted position relative to the projections 35 of the block 33 itself.
  • the blocks 32 and 33 alternating between them and with the projections turned in the same direction, the male and female engagement of the projections with the lightening holes are obtained.
  • the block 110 of FIGS. 13 to 16, which is illustrated in its forming position, is a cube having an upper wall 101, a lower wall 102 and side walls 103, 104, 105 and 106. There are also openings or lightly holes 107 going vertically from the upper wall 101 to the lower wall 102.
  • the cube has male parts in the form of reliefs 108 on two adjacent walls 101 and 105, as well as female parts in the form of grooves 109 on the other adjacent walls of the cube 102 and 103, while the other walls 104 and 106 represent the walls in view.
  • the relief 108 on the walls 105 of the cube has a channel 111 for housing an iron.
  • the reliefs 108 and the grooves 109 out preferably have a trapezoidal shape to make easier the vertical and lateral coupling between the blocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

In the method, the building blocks are employed so that two opposing walls of the block (1), produced on contact of two lateral walls of the formwork, become, respectively, the top (3) and bottom (2) walls of the block employed. Application to construction. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé pour batir les parois extérieures ou intérieures d'éléments de construction et de bâtiments en employant des blocs de construction obtenus par moulage.The invention relates to a method for building the exterior or interior walls of building elements and buildings using building blocks obtained by molding.

L'invention concerne également des blocs de construction pour la réalisation du procédé selon l'invention.The invention also relates to building blocks for carrying out the method according to the invention.

On connait déjà l'utilisation de blocs de construction obtenus par vibrocompression d'un matériau à l'aide de coffrages appropriés pour batir les parois extérieures et intérieures d'éléments de construction et de batimenst.We already know the use of building blocks obtained by vibrocompression of a material using suitable formwork to build the outer and inner walls of building elements and building.

Lesdits coffrages comprennent généralement un coffrage délimité inférieurement par une base et en partie haute par un pilon vibropressant.Said formwork generally comprises a formwork delimited below by a base and in the upper part by a vibrating pestle.

Dans lesdits coffrages on obtient des surfaces supérieure et inférieure des blocs qui ne sont pas parfaitement lisses et/ou parallèles entre elles à cause de la configuration de la base et/ou du pilon, ou bien à cause de l'usure desdits composants. Ces imperfections dans les surfaces supérieure et inférieure des blocs rendent nécessaire, au cours de la construction des parois, de mettre une couche abondante de mortier (10-12 mm) entre un cours de blocs et le suivant, afin de pouvoir réétablir le plan de chaque cours, en foulant plus ou moins les blocs dans le mortier.In said formwork, upper and lower surfaces of the blocks are obtained which are not perfectly smooth and / or parallel to each other because of the configuration of the base and / or the pestle, or else because of the wear of said components. These imperfections in the upper and lower surfaces of the blocks make it necessary, during the construction of the walls, to put an abundant layer of mortar (10-12 mm) between one course of blocks and the next, in order to be able to reestablish the plane of each course, by treading the blocks more or less in the mortar.

Afin de réduire la quantité de mortier utilisée et d'abréger le temps nécessaire pour la pose d'un cours de blocs, on a pensé niveler une ou les deux surfaces horizontales des blocs par fraisage. Cependant, meme après ces opérations, qui entrainent toutefois l'augmentation du coût des blocs, les surfaces horizontales des blocs eux-­ memes ne sont pas parfaitement planes et parallèles entre elles et il est donc nécessaire d'étendre une couche de mortier (2-4 mm) qui, tout en étant réduite, est toujours plus abondante que la couche strictement nécessaire pour l'adhésion entre les blocs.In order to reduce the quantity of mortar used and to shorten the time necessary for the laying of a course of blocks, it was thought to level one or both horizontal surfaces of the blocks by milling. However, even after these operations, which however increase the cost of the blocks, the horizontal surfaces of the blocks themselves even are not perfectly flat and parallel to each other and it is therefore necessary to spread a layer of mortar (2-4 mm) which, while being reduced, is always more abundant than the layer strictly necessary for the adhesion between blocks.

Pour toutes ces raisons, il n'est pas avantageux à présent d'utiliser les mortiers dits adhésifs, qui sont beaucoup plus couteux que les mortiers usuels, mais peuvent etre etendus en epaisseurs extremement réduites.For all these reasons, it is not advantageous now to use so-called adhesive mortars, which are much more expensive than conventional mortars, but can be extended in extremely reduced thicknesses.

L'objet principal de la présente invention est donc de proposer un procédé pour batir les parois d'élements de construction et de bâtiments en employant des blocs de construction, ce procédé étant en mesure d'éliminer les inconvénients sus-mentionnés des procédés connus jusqu'à présent, en permettant en particulier une réduction très importante, ou même l'élimination de la quantité de mortier à étendre entre un cours de blocs et le suivant et rendant ainsi possible et avantageux l'emploi des mortiers dits adhésifs.The main object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for building the walls of building elements and buildings by using building blocks, this method being able to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the methods known up to 'Now, in particular allowing a very significant reduction, or even the elimination of the quantity of mortar to be spread between one course of blocks and the next and thus making possible and advantageous the use of so-called adhesive mortars.

Un autre objet de l'invention est de proposer un procédé pour batir lesdites parois en employant des blocs de construction, qui permette de mécaniser les operations de pose des blocs et éventuellement de la couche de mortier entre un cours et le suivant.Another object of the invention is to propose a method for building said walls by using building blocks, which makes it possible to mechanize the operations of laying the blocks and possibly the layer of mortar between one course and the next.

Lesdits objects sont atteints par un procédé pour batir les parois d'éléments de constructions et de bâtiments en employant des blocs de construction, caractérisé en ce que les blocs sont mis en oeuvre de facon que deux parois opposées de chaque bloc, réalisées au contact de deux parois latérales du coffrage, deviennent respectivement la paroi de crête et la paroi de base du bloc mis en oeuvre. De cette facon les parois du bloc en contact avec la base de formage inférieure et avec le pilon de vibrocompression supérieur, qui comme déjà dit, ne sont pas généralment parfaitement parallèles entre elles et ont des surfaces non parfaitement planes, deviennent les parois latérales du bloc mis en oeuvre, tandis que deux des parois du bloc en contact avec les parois latérales du coffrage, qui sont toujours parfaitement parallèles entre elles et ont des surfaces parfaitement planes, deviennent respectivement les parois de base et de crête du bloc mis en oeuvre.Said objects are reached by a process for building the walls of construction elements and buildings by using building blocks, characterized in that the blocks are implemented in such a way that two opposite walls of each block, produced in contact with two side walls of the formwork, respectively become the crest wall and the base wall of the block used. In this way the walls of the block in contact with the lower forming base and with the upper vibrocompression pestle, which as already said, are not generally perfectly parallel to each other and have not perfectly flat surfaces, become the side walls of the block implemented, while two of the walls of the block in contact with the side walls of the formwork, which are always perfectly parallel to each other and have perfectly flat surfaces, become respectively the base and crest walls of the block implemented.

Ceci permet d'éliminer la couche de mortier nécessaire pour compenser les irrrégularités de la paroi de base et de crête et pour niveler les cours, tout en permettant l'emploi d'une couche très réduite de mortier adhésif ou meme le posage à sec.This eliminates the layer of mortar necessary to compensate for irregularities in the base and ridge wall and to level the course, while allowing the use of a very reduced layer of adhesive mortar or even dry laying.

En outre, le fait de pouvoir disposer de blocs ayant les parois de base et de crête parfaitement parallèles entre elles permet d'éliminer l'opération de nivellement des cours et donc de mécaniser aussi bien l'opération de pose des blocs que l'opération éventuelle de pose de la couche de mortier.In addition, the fact of being able to have blocks having the base and ridge walls perfectly parallel to one another makes it possible to eliminate the operation of leveling the courses and therefore to mechanize both the operation of laying the blocks and the operation possible laying of the mortar layer.

Un autre object de l'invention est de proposer un bloc de construction pour la réalisation du procédé susmentionné. Ledit bloc de construction est caractérisé en ce qu'il est sous forme d'un solide à six faces qui, mis en oeuvre, présente des parois de base et de crête parallèles entre elles, la projection de la face en vue, sur un plan parallèle à celui de la paroi, étant sensiblement carrée.Another object of the invention is to provide a building block for carrying out the above-mentioned process. Said building block is characterized in that it is in the form of a solid with six faces which, when implemented, has base and crest walls parallel to each other, the projection of the face in view, on a plane parallel to that of the wall, being substantially square.

Un autre objet de l'invention est de proposer un système modulaire de blocs de construction pour la réalisation du procédé selon l'invention, comprenant ledit bloc et un ou plusieurs blocs accessoires. Le caractéristiques principales du procédé et des blocs de construction selon l'invention, seront maintenant décrites en détail en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • - les figures 1, 2, 3 et 4 sont des vues en perspective du bloc principal et des blocs accesoires constituant le système modulaire selon l'invention;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue schématique du bloc principal comme retiré du coffrage dans lequel il est moulé;
  • - les figures 6 à 10 sont d'autres exemples d'emploi du système modulaire selon l'invention;
  • - les figures 11 et 12 sont des vues axonométriques et en coupe respectivement d'un autre mode de réalisation du bloc principal;
  • - les figures 13 et 14 sont une vue du haut et une vue frontale d'un autre mode de realisation encore du bloc principal; et
  • - les figures 15 et 16 sont une vue arrière et une vue en perspective dudit bloc.
Another object of the invention is to propose a system modular building blocks for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprising said block and one or more accessory blocks. The main characteristics of the method and of the building blocks according to the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are perspective views of the main block and accessory blocks constituting the modular system according to the invention;
  • - Figure 5 is a schematic view of the main block as removed from the formwork in which it is molded;
  • - Figures 6 to 10 are other examples of use of the modular system according to the invention;
  • - Figures 11 and 12 are axonometric and sectional views respectively of another embodiment of the main block;
  • - Figures 13 and 14 are a top view and a front view of yet another embodiment of the main block; and
  • - Figures 15 and 16 are a rear view and a perspective view of said block.

En se référant d'abord à la figure 1, le bloc de construction principal 1 selon l'invention est un solide à six faces qui, mis en oeuvre, a les parois de base 2 et de crête 3, caractérisées par des surfaces d'appui 2´ et 3´ strictement planes et parallèles entre elles. La face en vue 4 peut etre parallèle ou non à la face opposée mais, en tout cas, il est opportun, pour des raisons d'avantages de production, que sa projection sur un plan parallèle à celui de la paroi soit sensiblement carrée. Les parois latérales 5 sont de préférence parallèles entre elles et perpendiculaires aux parois de base 2 et de crête 3 et peuvent etre pourvues de trous d'allègement 5´. En outre lesdites parois peuvent présenter des cavités 5" et des saillies 5"´ obtenues par faconnage approprié du pilon et de la base du moule, à emboitement mâle et femelle comme illustré sur les figures 7 et 9 par les memes références. Dans ce même cas, la ou les parois latérales de blocs accesoires ont des parties femelles propres à coopérer avec des parties mâles 5"´ présentées par les blocs principaux. Les parois de base 2 et de crête 3 du bloc 1 présentent une rainure 6 et un relief 7, respectivement, toutes deux paralléles aux bords de la face en vue 4 et de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie de la paroi respective. La rainure 6 et le relief 7 s'étendent sur toute la longueur de la paroi respective et sont conformés de facon à pouvoir se conjuguer entre eux par emboitement male et femelle. Le relief 7 présente un canal central 7´ propre à recevoir un fer rond (non illustré).Referring first to FIG. 1, the main building block 1 according to the invention is a solid with six faces which, when implemented, has the base 2 and crest 3 walls, characterized by surfaces of support 2´ and 3´ strictly plane and parallel to each other. The face in view 4 may or may not be parallel to the opposite face but, in any case, it is expedient, for reasons of production advantages, that its projection onto a plane parallel to that of the wall is substantially square. The walls side 5 are preferably mutually parallel and perpendicular to the base 2 and crest 3 walls and can be provided with lightening holes 5 ′. In addition, said walls may have cavities 5 "and projections 5" ´ obtained by appropriate shaping of the pestle and the base of the mold, with male and female interlocking as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 9 by the same references. In the same case, the side wall or walls of accessory blocks have female parts suitable for cooperating with male parts 5 "´ presented by the main blocks. The base 2 and crest 3 walls of block 1 have a groove 6 and a relief 7, respectively, both parallel to the edges of the face in view 4 and on either side of the axis of symmetry of the respective wall. The groove 6 and the relief 7 extend over the entire length of the respective wall and are shaped so as to be able to combine them by male and female fitting in. The relief 7 has a central channel 7 ′ suitable for receiving a round iron (not illustrated).

Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent un bloc accessoire 8 ou 9 ayant une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique, avec la même hauteur et la même épaisseur que celles du bloc principal 1. La paroi de base 11, lors de la mise en oeuvre, du bloc 8 ou 9 présente une rainure 12 correspondant à celle que présente la paroi de base du bloc principal 1. Ladite rainure 12 est apte à se conjuger avec le relief 7 que présente la paroi de crête 3 du bloc principal 1. Une des deux parois latérales 13 du bloc 8 peut aussi présenter une rainure 14, alignée avec les rainures présentes sur les parois de base et de crête.FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an accessory block 8 or 9 having a substantially parallelepiped shape, with the same height and the same thickness as those of the main block 1. The base wall 11, during implementation, of the block 8 or 9 has a groove 12 corresponding to that which has the base wall of the main block 1. Said groove 12 is able to combine with the relief 7 which has the crest wall 3 of the main block 1. One of the two side walls 13 of the block 8 can also have a groove 14, aligned with the grooves on the base walls and Crete.

La face en vue 15 du bloc accesoire 8 ou 9 peut avoir des longueurs différentes; la figure 2 illustre un bloc accessoire 8 ayant un longueur de la face en vue 15 égale à la moitié de celle de la face correspondante du bloc principal 1, tandis que le bloc accessoire 9 illustré sur la figure 3 a une longueur de la face en vue 15 ègale à un quart de la longueur de la face correspondante du bloc principal 1.The face in view 15 of the accessory block 8 or 9 may have different lengths; FIG. 2 illustrates an accessory block 8 having a length of the view face 15 equal to half that of the corresponding face of the main block 1, while the accessory block 9 illustrated in FIG. 3 has a length of the face in view 15 equal to a quarter of the length of the corresponding face of the main block 1.

La figure 4 montre un autre bloc accessoire 16 ayant une forme essentiellement parallélépipédique et les mêmes dimensions que celles du bloc principal.Figure 4 shows another accessory block 16 having an essentially parallelepiped shape and the same dimensions as those of the main block.

La paroi de base 18 du bloc mis en oeuvre 16 présente un rainure 19 correspondant à celle présente dans la paroi de base du bloc principal 1. Sur une des deux faces latérales 20, le bloc 16 présente une rainure 21 qui es plus profonde que la rainure 19 présente dans la paroi de base; ladite rainure 21 a une profondeur qui va d'un quart à la moitié de la longueur de la face en vue 22 pour pouvoir se conjuguer avec des rainures égales de blocs positionnés différemment, afin de former un canal vertical, comme on la verra par la suite.The base wall 18 of the block implemented 16 has a groove 19 corresponding to that present in the base wall of the main block 1. On one of the two lateral faces 20, the block 16 has a groove 21 which is deeper than the groove 19 present in the base wall; said groove 21 has a depth which goes from a quarter to half the length of the face in view 22 in order to be able to combine with equal grooves of blocks positioned differently, in order to form a vertical channel, as will be seen by the after.

La face 20´ opposée à la face 20 présente une rainure 19´ ayant même configuration et section droite que celles de la rainure 19.The face 20 'opposite the face 20 has a groove 19' having the same configuration and cross section as those of the groove 19.

Le bloc principal 1 et les blocs accesoires 8, 9 et 16 sont réalisés, d'une facon en soi connue, par vibrocompression d'un matériau à l'interieur d'un coffrage délimité inférieurement par une base. La figure 5 montre, à titre d'exemple, comment un bloc principal 1 est retiré du coffrage 23. On observe que les parois de base 2 et de crête 3 du bloc 1 sont définies par les parois latérales du coffrage 23. Lesdites parois ont ainsi des surfaces parfaitement planes et paralléles entre elles et, lorsque le bloc est mis en oeuvre, il n'est pas nécessaire d'étendre, entre un bloc et le suivant, une couche de mortier pour compenser les irrégularités éventuelles ou les défauts de parallélisme desdites parois de base et de crête.The main block 1 and the accessory blocks 8, 9 and 16 are produced, in a manner known per se, by vibrocompression of a material inside a formwork delimited below by a base. Figure 5 shows, by way of example, how a main block 1 is removed of the formwork 23. It is observed that the base 2 and crest 3 walls of the block 1 are defined by the side walls of the formwork 23. Said walls thus have perfectly flat surfaces which are parallel to each other and, when the block is used , it is not necessary to extend, between one block and the next, a layer of mortar to compensate for any irregularities or lack of parallelism of said base and ridge walls.

Les blocs sont moulés dans le coffrage avec la face en vue 4 définie par une des parois latérales du coffrage; de cette facon, il est possible de produire des blocs ayant la face en vue portant des moulures 4´ et/ou différemment inclinée; en particulier, la face en vue peut avoir une inclinaison telle que, lorsque les blocs sont mis en oeuvre, la paroi présente une surface en vue conformée en dents de scie, les dents étant tournées vers l'extérieur et vers le bas (Fig. 6).The blocks are molded in the formwork with the face in view 4 defined by one of the side walls of the formwork; in this way, it is possible to produce blocks with the face in view carrying moldings 4 'and / or differently inclined; in particular, the face in view may have an inclination such that, when the blocks are implemented, the wall has a surface in view shaped as sawtooth, the teeth being turned outward and downward (Fig. 6).

Le bloc principal 1 et les blocs accessoires 8, 9 et 16 constituent les éléments de base d'un système modulaire pour la construction de parois.The main block 1 and the accessory blocks 8, 9 and 16 constitute the basic elements of a modular system for the construction of walls.

Les figures 7 à 10 illustrent des exemples différents de parois réalisées en employant le système modulaire selon l'invention.Figures 7 to 10 illustrate different examples of walls made using the modular system according to the invention.

La figure 7 est une vue en plan d'un cours de blocs et du cours suivant de deux parois sécantes formant entre elles un angle de 90°.Figure 7 is a plan view of a block course and the next course of two intersecting walls forming an angle of 90 ° between them.

Le premier cours 23 est formé par une partie 24 de blocs principaux 1 et par une partie orthogonale 25 également de blocs principaux 1, se terminant par un bloc accessoire 16 et un bloc accessoire 8. Il faut remarquer que les rainures 14 et 21 réalisées sur les faces latérales des blocs accessoires 8 et 16 forment un trou 26 dans lequel on peut faire passer un fer rond 27.The first course 23 is formed by a part 24 of main blocks 1 and by an orthogonal part 25 also of main blocks 1, ending with an accessory block 16 and an accessory block 8. It should be noted that the grooves 14 and 21 produced on the lateral faces of the accessory blocks 8 and 16 form a hole 26 in which a round iron 27 can be passed.

Du fait que dans le cours suivant 23´ les blocs principaux 1 doivent etre décalés par rapport aux blocs du cours précédent, les blocs accessoires 8 et 16 sont alignés avec la partie 29, orthogonalement aux blocs du cours précédent, formant un trou 26 aligné avec le trou du cours précédent pour le passage eventuel de tuyaux ou conduits, la jetée d'un pilier de béton, etc...Because in the next course 23´ the main blocks 1 must be offset from the blocks of the previous course, the accessory blocks 8 and 16 are aligned with part 29, orthogonally to the blocks of the previous course, forming a hole 26 aligned with the hole of the previous course for the possible passage of pipes or conduits, the pier of a concrete pillar, etc ...

La figure 8 est une vue axonométrique d'une paroi; cette figure montre que les blocs accessoires 8 peuvent etre utilisés pour finir le bord vertical 30 aussi bien que le bord horizontal 31 de la paroi elle-même. Les blocs accessoires 9 peuvent etre utilisés pour corriger la longueur de la paroi. En effet, en disposant un bloc accessoire 9 entre deux blocs principaux 1 de chaque cours, il est possible d'augmenter la longueur totale de la paroi par exemple d'un quart de la longueur d'un bloc principal 1.Figure 8 is an axonometric view of a wall; this figure shows that the accessory blocks 8 can be used to finish the vertical edge 30 as well as the horizontal edge 31 of the wall itself. The accessory blocks 9 can be used to correct the length of the wall. Indeed, by placing an accessory block 9 between two main blocks 1 of each course, it is possible to increase the total length of the wall, for example by a quarter of the length of a main block 1.

La figure 9 est une vue axonométrique des parois illustrées sur la figure 7; cette figure montre que dans les canaux 7´ des reliefs 7 des blocs principaux 1 et dans le trou vertical 26 formé dans l'angle réalisé par les blocs accessoires 8 et 16, il est possible d'introduire des fers ronds 27 d'une charpente.Figure 9 is an axonometric view of the walls illustrated in Figure 7; this figure shows that in the channels 7 ′ of the reliefs 7 of the main blocks 1 and in the vertical hole 26 formed in the angle produced by the accessory blocks 8 and 16, it is possible to introduce round irons 27 of a frame .

La figure 10 montre deux parois se croisant en T. Sur ladite figure on voit que l'emploi des blocs accessoires 8 et 16 permet de former des trous verticaux 26 pour le passage des fers ronds de la cherpente aussi bien au point de croisement des deux parois que le long des parois elles mêmes, les trous 26 pouvant etre formés par l'union de deux blocs 8 et 16 ainsi que par l'union de deux blocs 16. En haut à gauche de la même figure, on voit que les blocs 16 peuvent être disposés avec la rainure 19´ conjugée avec le relief 7 des blocs principaux et avec la rainure 21 tournée en haut, pour former un canal pret à recevoir une jetée de béton formant par exemple le cordon d'une semelle.FIG. 10 shows two walls crossing at T. In said figure it can be seen that the use of accessory blocks 8 and 16 makes it possible to form vertical holes 26 for the passage of the round bars of the frame both at the point of intersection of the two walls and along the walls themselves, the holes 26 can be formed by the union of two blocks 8 and 16 as well as by the union of two blocks 16 At the top left of the same figure, we see that the blocks 16 can be arranged with the groove 19 'combined with the relief 7 of the main blocks and with the groove 21 turned upwards, to form a channel ready to receive a jetty. of concrete forming for example the bead of a sole.

Comme indiqué ci-dessus, les parois latérales du bloc principal mis en oeuvre peuvent présenter des cavités et des saillies aptes à coopérer entre elles par emboitement mâle et femelle. Lesdites cavités peuvent avantageusement être constituées par quelques uns des trous d'allègement présents dans les blocs. Les figures 11 et 12 illustrent deux blocs principaux 32 et 33 présentant chacun, sur une des deux parois latérales 34, des saillies 35 obtenues à coté de quelques uns des trous d'allégement 36. L'accouplement entre les saillies 35 et les trous d'allégement 36 des deux blocs est rendu possible du fait que lesdits blocs diffèrent entre eux par la position des saillies et des trous d'allègement, laquelle est inversée. Dans la figure 12 les blocs 32 et 33 sont coupés selon les traces A-A de la figure qui précède et sont disposes en position de présentation réciproque avant qu'ils soient mis en oeuvre. Dans ladite figure on peut voir que les saillies 35 du bloc 32 sont alignées avec les trous d'allègement 36 du bloc 33 et sont en position inversée par rapport aux saillies 35 du bloc 33 lui-même. De cette facon, en disposant les blocs 32 et 33 alternés entre eux et avec les saillies tournées dans la meme direction, on obtient l'engagement mâle et femelle des saillies avec les trous d'allégement.As indicated above, the side walls of the main block used may have cavities and projections capable of cooperating with each other by male and female interlocking. Said cavities can advantageously consist of some of the lightening holes present in the blocks. Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two main blocks 32 and 33 each having, on one of the two side walls 34, projections 35 obtained next to some of the lightening holes 36. The coupling between the projections 35 and the holes d 'lightening 36 of the two blocks is made possible by the fact that said blocks differ from one another by the position of the projections and of the lightening holes, which is reversed. In FIG. 12, the blocks 32 and 33 are cut according to the traces AA of the preceding figure and are arranged in a position of mutual presentation before they are implemented. In said figure it can be seen that the projections 35 of the block 32 are aligned with the lightening holes 36 of the block 33 and are in an inverted position relative to the projections 35 of the block 33 itself. Of this so, by placing the blocks 32 and 33 alternating between them and with the projections turned in the same direction, the male and female engagement of the projections with the lightening holes are obtained.

Le bloc 110 des figures 13 à 16, qui est illustré dans sa position de formage, est un cube ayant une parois superieure 101, une parois inferieure 102 et des parois latérales 103, 104, 105 et 106. Il y a aussi des ouvertures ou trous d'allegément 107 allant vérticalement de la parois superieure 101 à la parois inferieure 102. Le cube présente des parties male en forme de reliefs 108 sur deux parois adjacentes 101 et 105, aussi bien que des parties femelle en forme de rainures 109 sur les autres parois adjacentes du cube 102 et 103, tandis que les autres parois 104 et 106 répresentent les parois en vue. Le relief 108 sur la parois 105 du cube présente un canal 111 de logement d'un fer. Les reliefs 108 et les rainures 109 out de préference une forme trapézoidale pour rendre plus facile l'accouplement vertical et lateral entre les blocs.The block 110 of FIGS. 13 to 16, which is illustrated in its forming position, is a cube having an upper wall 101, a lower wall 102 and side walls 103, 104, 105 and 106. There are also openings or lightly holes 107 going vertically from the upper wall 101 to the lower wall 102. The cube has male parts in the form of reliefs 108 on two adjacent walls 101 and 105, as well as female parts in the form of grooves 109 on the other adjacent walls of the cube 102 and 103, while the other walls 104 and 106 represent the walls in view. The relief 108 on the walls 105 of the cube has a channel 111 for housing an iron. The reliefs 108 and the grooves 109 out preferably have a trapezoidal shape to make easier the vertical and lateral coupling between the blocks.

Claims (17)

1. Procédé pour bâtir les parois d'éléments de construction et de bâtiments en employant des blocs de construction du type de ceux obtenus par vibrocompression d'un matériau à l'interieur d'un coffrage délimité inférieurement par une base et en partie haute, par un pilon vibropressant, caractérisé en ce que les blocs sont mis en oeuvre de facon à ce que deux parois opposées du bloc (1), realisées au contact de deux parois latérales du coffrage (23), deviennent respectivement les parois de crête (3) et de base (2) du bloc mis en oeuvre.1. Method for constructing the walls of construction elements and buildings by using building blocks of the type of those obtained by vibrocompression of a material inside a formwork delimited below by a base and in the upper part, by a vibrating pestle, characterized in that the blocks are implemented in such a way that two opposite walls of the block (1), produced in contact with two side walls of the formwork (23), become respectively the crest walls (3 ) and basic (2) of the block implemented. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce les blocs sont posés à sec ou avec une couche mince de mortier adhésif étendue entre un cours de blocs et le suivant.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocks are laid dry or with a thin layer of adhesive mortar stretched between one course of blocks and the next. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les opérations de pose des blocs et éventuellement de pose de la couche mince de mortier adhésif entre un cours de blocs et le suivant sont mécanisées.3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the operations of laying the blocks and optionally of laying the thin layer of adhesive mortar between a course of blocks and the next are mechanized. 4. Bloc de construction pour la réalisation du procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est sous forme d'un solide à six faces qui, mis en oeuvre, présente les parois de base (2) et de crete (3) parallèles entre elles, la projection de la face en vue, sur un plan parallèle à celui de la paroi batie, étant sensiblement carrée.4. Building block for carrying out the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it is in the form of a solid with six faces which, when used, has the base walls (2) and crest (3) parallel to each other, the projection of the face in view, on a plane parallel to that of the built wall, being substantially square. 5. Bloc de costruction selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de base (2) et la paroi de crête (3) présentent un ou plusieurs reliefs (7) et rainures (6) qui se conjuguent entre eux en tant que parties mâle et femelle, lesdits reliefs et lesdites rainures étant parallèles à la face en vue.5. Construction block according to claim 4, characterized in that the base wall (2) and the crest wall (3) have one or more reliefs (7) and grooves (6) which combine with each other as male and female parts, said reliefs and said grooves being parallel to the face in view. 6. Bloc de construction selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des reliefs (7) présente un canal de logement d'un fer rond.6. Building block according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one of the reliefs (7) has a housing channel for a round iron. 7. Bloc de construction selon la revendication 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la face en vue du bloc mis en oeuvre présente des moulures horizontales.7. Building block according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the face in view of the block used has horizontal moldings. 8. Bloc de construction selon une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface en vue du bloc mis en oeuvre est inclinée de facon que la face de la paroi batie présente un profil en dents de scie, les dents étant tournées vers l'extérieur et ver le bas.8. Building block according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the surface in view of the block implemented is inclined so that the face of the built wall has a sawtooth profile, the teeth being turned towards the outside and down. 9. Bloc de construction selon une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux parois latérales du bloc mis en oeuvre présentent des cavités (5´´) et des saillies (5´´´) propres à coopérer entre elles par emboitenent mâle et femelle.9. Building block according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the two side walls of the block used have cavities (5´´) and projections (5´´´) adapted to cooperate with each other by fitting male and female. 10. Bloc de construction selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente des trous d'allègement (5´) parallèles aux surfaces de base et de crête du bloc mis en oeuvre et en ce que lesdites cavités sont costituées par au moins quelques uns desdits trous d'allègement, la position des saillies (5´´´) et des cavités (5´´) dans un bloc étant inversée par rapport à la position du bloc suivant.10. Building block according to claim 9, characterized in that it has lightening holes (5 ') parallel to the base and ridge surfaces of the block used and in that said cavities are formed by at least some of said lightening holes, the position of the projections (5´´´) and cavities (5´´) in one block being reversed with respect to the position of the next block. 11. Bloc de costruction selon les revendications 5 et 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en forme de cube avec un relief male (108) sur deux parois adjacentes (101, 105) et une rainure femelle (109) sur les deux autres parois adjacentes succéssives (101, 105).11. Building block according to claims 5 and 9, characterized in that it is cube-shaped with a male relief (108) on two adjacent walls (101, 105) and a female groove (109) on the other two adjacent successive walls (101, 105). 12. Bloc de construction sélon la révendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le rélief (108) et la rainure (109) ont une section transversale trapézoidale.12. Building block according to claim 11, characterized in that the relief (108) and the groove (109) have a trapezoidal cross section. 13. Système modulaire de blocs de construction pour la réalisation du procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un bloc principal (1) selon une des revendications 4 à 12 et un premier bloc accessoire (8), de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique ayant, mis en oeuvre, la même hauteur et la même épaisseur que celles du bloc principal (1) et une longueur égale à la moitié environ de celle du bloc principal, une des parois latérales du bloc mis en oeuvre présentant une rainure verticale.13. Modular building block system for carrying out the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises a main block (1) according to one of claims 4 to 12 and a first accessory block (8) , of substantially parallelepiped shape having, implemented, the same height and the same thickness as those of the main block (1) and a length equal to about half that of the main block, one of the side walls of the block implemented having a vertical groove. 14. Système modulaire selon la rivendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un deuxième bloc accessoire (9) ayant une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et, mis en oeuvre, la même hauteur et la même épaisseur que celles du bloc principal, ainsi qu'une longueur égale à un quart environ de la longueur du bloc principal.14. Modular system according to claim 13, characterized in that it further comprises a second accessory block (9) having a substantially parallelepiped shape and, when implemented, the same height and the same thickness as those of the main block, thus a length equal to about a quarter of the length of the main block. 15. Système modulaire selon une des revendication 13 et 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un troisième bloc accessoire (16) ayant les mêmes dimensions que celles du bloc principal et une des parois latérales pourvue d'un rainure verticale ayant une profondeur supérieure à un quart de la longueur totale du bloc lui-meme.15. Modular system according to one of claims 13 and 14, characterized in that it further comprises a third accessory block (16) having the same dimensions as those of the main block and one of the side walls provided with a vertical groove having a depth greater than a quarter of the total length of the block itself. 16. Système modulaire selon la revendication 13, 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que la premier et/ou le deuxième et/ou le troisième bloc accessoire présentent, sur la paroi de base, mis en oeuvre, une ou plusieurs rainures (12) correspondant aux rainures du bloc principal.16. Modular system according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the first and / or the second and / or the third accessory block have, on the base wall, used, one or more grooves (12) corresponding to the grooves of the main block. 17. Système modulaire selon les revendications 15 et 16, caractérisé en ce que le troisième bloc présente, sur sa paroi latérale opposée à la paroi portant ladite rainure verticale, une ou plusieurs autres rainures correspondant aux rainures du bloc principal.17. Modular system according to claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the third block has, on its side wall opposite the wall carrying said vertical groove, one or more other grooves corresponding to the grooves of the main block.
EP86114392A 1985-10-22 1986-10-17 Method for constructing walls of building elements and buildings, and building blocks used by said method Withdrawn EP0224012A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT22583/85A IT1185470B (en) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 METHOD FOR BUILDING THE WALLS OF BUILDINGS AND BUILDINGS
IT2258385 1985-10-22
IT2228486U 1986-06-17
IT2228486U IT206996Z2 (en) 1986-06-17 1986-06-17 BUILDING BLOCK.

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EP0224012A2 true EP0224012A2 (en) 1987-06-03
EP0224012A3 EP0224012A3 (en) 1988-01-13

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US5379565A (en) * 1990-11-29 1995-01-10 Brandom Element and method of construction without mortar
WO1997043499A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-20 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
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US3422588A (en) * 1967-01-18 1969-01-21 Stark Ceramics Inc Interlocking building block
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5379565A (en) * 1990-11-29 1995-01-10 Brandom Element and method of construction without mortar
WO1997043499A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-20 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
ES2153752A1 (en) * 1998-09-23 2001-03-01 Ubeda Manuel Anton Torrecillas Industrialised building construction system consists of profiled expanded polystyrene blocks, with bedded steel reinforcement running longitudinally between the blocks
US20140223848A1 (en) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Universiti Malaysia Perlis Building block for use in constructing a building
CN112440377A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-03-05 漳州砼艺建材有限公司 Rammed-earth-imitated wallboard made of local materials and manufacturing process thereof
CN112440377B (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-04-12 漳州砼艺建材有限公司 Manufacturing process of rammed-soil-imitated wallboard made of local materials

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