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EP0220456B1 - Apparatus for the step-by-step withdrawal from a mould of a continuously upward cast elongated article - Google Patents

Apparatus for the step-by-step withdrawal from a mould of a continuously upward cast elongated article Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0220456B1
EP0220456B1 EP86112724A EP86112724A EP0220456B1 EP 0220456 B1 EP0220456 B1 EP 0220456B1 EP 86112724 A EP86112724 A EP 86112724A EP 86112724 A EP86112724 A EP 86112724A EP 0220456 B1 EP0220456 B1 EP 0220456B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solid
ring
ingot
balls
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86112724A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0220456A1 (en
Inventor
Yves Gourmel
Michel Pierrel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
Original Assignee
Pont a Mousson SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pont a Mousson SA filed Critical Pont a Mousson SA
Priority to AT86112724T priority Critical patent/ATE35638T1/en
Priority to IN839/DEL/86A priority patent/IN166729B/en
Publication of EP0220456A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220456A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0220456B1 publication Critical patent/EP0220456B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1288—Walking bar members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F5/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves characterised by their constructional features
    • A47F5/08—Show stands, hangers, or shelves characterised by their constructional features secured to the wall, ceiling, or the like; Wall-bracket display devices
    • A47F5/0807—Display panels, grids or rods used for suspending merchandise or cards supporting articles; Movable brackets therefor
    • A47F5/0869—Accessories for article-supporting brackets, e.g. price- indicating means, not covered by a single one of groups A47F5/08
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds

Definitions

  • the apparatus according to the invention applies essentially to the preparation of metallic tubular products, in particular cast iron tubes of circular section, but said apparatus can also be used for the preparation of other products of elongated shape.
  • tubular products can be produced using an upward continuous casting technique.
  • Such a technique is for example described in patent FR-A-2 352 612, on the basis of which the preamble of claim 1 is formed; in this patent the tubular product is obtained by continuous casting; liquid iron exiting from bottom to top of an ingot mold, subjected to pressure, enters a cylindrical enclosure in which it is calibrated, using a magnetic field, and cooled, and the solidified tubular product is drawn towards the high while the base of said enclosure is continuously supplied by liquid iron.
  • the technical problem consists in using an apparatus capable of pulling, in optimal conditions, upwards the elongated (tubular) product thus obtained.
  • Patent FR-A-2 375 936 discloses a device for horizontal extraction, step by step, of an ingot from an ingot mold, of the type comprising a body, capable of moving along the axis of the ingot to extract, in which jaws, in contact by their internal face with the external face of the ingot to be extracted, are connected to the body of the device by return members elastically mounted and producing a force in the opposite direction to that of the extraction of the ingot, the jaws being in contact by their external surface with rollers, perpendicular to the axis of the ingot, bearing on corners situated on the internal face of the body of the device.
  • this device provided for the horizontal extraction of an ingot from an ingot mold, is not applicable to the ascending vertical extraction of a long product from an ingot mold.
  • the use of return members provided with elastic means means that the jaws are not immediately released from the ingot when the extraction device returns to its starting position, since it is necessary to reach a certain compression ratio of said elastic means so that the jaws no longer clamp the ingot to be extracted.
  • a tube 1, of axis XX ′ is produced by continuous vertical ascending casting in a mold 2 from which it is extracted vertically upwards.
  • the mold itself is surmounted by a device making it possible to shape, calibrate and cool to a sufficient degree the elongated article (tube) so that the level 2 ′ represents the upper exit surface of this together.
  • the rise of the ring 6 from a height h causes, by wedging the balls 5 of the ring 6 between the outer surface of the tube 1 and the internal frustoconical surface of said ring 6, the rise of the tube 1.
  • the ring 6 descends, which provides a release of the balls 5 from this ring 6, while the balls 5 from the ring 3 then prevent the descent of the tube 1 to 1 inside the mold 2.
  • a new cycle can begin when the ring 6 has returned to its starting position.
  • This device therefore allows a step-by-step extraction of the tube 1 from an ingot mold 2 in an ascending vertical continuous casting process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Description

L'appareillage selon l'invention s'applique essentiellement à la préparation de produits tubulaires métalliques, notamment de tubes en fonte de section circulaire, mais ledit appareillage est également utilisable pour la préparation d'autres produits de forme allongée.The apparatus according to the invention applies essentially to the preparation of metallic tubular products, in particular cast iron tubes of circular section, but said apparatus can also be used for the preparation of other products of elongated shape.

Il est connu que ces produits tubulaires peuvent être réalisés selon une technique de coulée continue ascendante. Une telle technique est par exemple décrite dans le brevet FR-A-2 352 612, sur la base duquel est formé le préambule de la revendication 1; dans ce brevet le produit tubulaire est obtenu par coulée continue; la fonte liquide sortant de bas en haut d'une lingotière, soumise à la pression, pénètre dans une enceinte cylindrique dans laquelle elle est calibrée, par utilisation d'un champ magnétique, et refroidie, et le produittubu- laire solidifié est tiré vers le haut alors que la base de ladite enceinte est alimentée en continu par la fonte liquide.It is known that these tubular products can be produced using an upward continuous casting technique. Such a technique is for example described in patent FR-A-2 352 612, on the basis of which the preamble of claim 1 is formed; in this patent the tubular product is obtained by continuous casting; liquid iron exiting from bottom to top of an ingot mold, subjected to pressure, enters a cylindrical enclosure in which it is calibrated, using a magnetic field, and cooled, and the solidified tubular product is drawn towards the high while the base of said enclosure is continuously supplied by liquid iron.

Le problème technique consiste à utiliser un appareillage capable de tirer, dans des conditions optimales, vers le haut le produit allongé (tubulaire) ainsi obtenu.The technical problem consists in using an apparatus capable of pulling, in optimal conditions, upwards the elongated (tubular) product thus obtained.

On connaît par le brevet FR-A-2 375 936 un dispositif d'extraction horizontale, pas à pas, d'un lingot hors d'une lingotière, du type comprenant un corps, apte à se déplacer selon l'axe du lingot à extraire, dans lequel des mors, en contact par leur face interne avec la face externe du lingot à extraire, sont reliés au corps du dispositif par des organes de rappel montés élastiquement et produisant un effort dans le sens contraire de celui de l'extraction du lingot, les mors étant en contact par leurface externe avec des rouleaux, perpendiculaires à l'axe du lingot, en appui sur des coins situés à la face interne du corps du dispositif.Patent FR-A-2 375 936 discloses a device for horizontal extraction, step by step, of an ingot from an ingot mold, of the type comprising a body, capable of moving along the axis of the ingot to extract, in which jaws, in contact by their internal face with the external face of the ingot to be extracted, are connected to the body of the device by return members elastically mounted and producing a force in the opposite direction to that of the extraction of the ingot, the jaws being in contact by their external surface with rollers, perpendicular to the axis of the ingot, bearing on corners situated on the internal face of the body of the device.

Mais ce dispositif, prévu pour l'extraction horizontale d'un lingot hors d'une lingotière, n'est pas applicable à l'extraction verticale ascendante d'un produit long hors d'une lingotière.However, this device, provided for the horizontal extraction of an ingot from an ingot mold, is not applicable to the ascending vertical extraction of a long product from an ingot mold.

En effet, dans le cas d'une extraction verticale ascendante, une fois l'extraction du lingot hors de la lingotière effectuée d'une longueur déterminée, il est nécessaire d'empêcher la descente du lingot dans la lingotière, parle propre poids du lingot, lors du retour du dispositif d'extraction à sa position de départ. Orle dispositif décritdans le brevet FR-A-2 375 936 ne permet absolument pas d'éviter cette descente, le problème de la descente du lingot dans la lingotière ne se posant d'ailleurs pas dans le cas d'un lingot horizontal.Indeed, in the case of an ascending vertical extraction, once the ingot has been extracted from the ingot mold of a determined length, it is necessary to prevent the ingot from lowering into the ingot mold, by the ingot's own weight , when the extraction device returns to its starting position. The device described in the patent FR-A-2 375 936 absolutely does not make it possible to avoid this descent, the problem of the descent of the ingot into the ingot mold not moreover arising in the case of a horizontal ingot.

Par ailleurs, l'utilisation d'organes de rappel munis de moyens élastiques fait que les mors ne sont pas immédiatement dégagés du lingot lors du retour du dispositif d'extraction à sa position de départ, puisqu'il est nécessaire d'atteindre un certain taux de compression desdits moyens élastiques pour que les mors ne serrent plus le lingot à extraire.Furthermore, the use of return members provided with elastic means means that the jaws are not immediately released from the ingot when the extraction device returns to its starting position, since it is necessary to reach a certain compression ratio of said elastic means so that the jaws no longer clamp the ingot to be extracted.

Ainsi lors du retour du dispositif d'extraction àsa position de départ il peut se produire, au début de ce mouvement de retour, un retour du lingot à l'intérieur de la lingotière, retour qui ne peut absolument pas être défini puisqu'il est en particulier fonction des irrégularités de la surface externe du lingot à extraire.Thus when the extraction device returns to its starting position, there can occur, at the start of this return movement, a return of the ingot inside the ingot mold, a return which cannot absolutely be defined since it is in particular depending on the irregularities of the external surface of the ingot to be extracted.

Enfin, le dispositif décrit dans le brevet FR-A-2 375 936 nécessite l'utilisation de pièces mécaniques précises et des réglages du dispositif de rappel des mors.Finally, the device described in patent FR-A-2 375 936 requires the use of precise mechanical parts and adjustments of the jaw return device.

La présente invention concerne donc un appareillage pour l'extraction pas à pas, hors d'une lingotière, d'un produit solide allongé obtenu par coulée continue ascendante, conformation, calibrage et solidification dans une enceinte convenable, ledit appareillage étant caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué:

  • - d'un premier dispositif fixe, situé au voisinage immédiat de l'orifice de sortie de ladite enceinte, constitué par un anneau, entourant ledit solide, présentant une face interne en forme de tronc de cône d'ouverture comprise entre 10 et 20° et ayant sa petite base vers le bas, l'espace situé entre la surface externe dudit solide et la face interne dudit anneau étant pourvu de billes de plusieurs diamètres aptes à assurer fe coincement dudit solide en cas d'amorce de mouvement vers l'amont de ce solide;
  • - et d'un second dispositif mobile présentant la même structure que le premier dispositif et comportant également des billes, ce second dispositif étant animé d'un mouvement longitudinal de va-et-vient le long de l'axe dudit solide.
The present invention therefore relates to an apparatus for the extraction step by step, from an ingot mold, of an elongated solid product obtained by continuous ascending casting, conformation, calibration and solidification in a suitable enclosure, said apparatus being characterized in that 'it consists:
  • - a first fixed device, located in the immediate vicinity of the outlet orifice of said enclosure, consisting of a ring, surrounding said solid, having an internal face in the form of a truncated cone opening between 10 and 20 ° and having its small base downwards, the space situated between the external surface of said solid and the internal face of said ring being provided with balls of several diameters capable of ensuring the jamming of said solid in the event of initiation of movement upstream of this solid;
  • - And a second mobile device having the same structure as the first device and also comprising balls, this second device being driven in a longitudinal movement back and forth along the axis of said solid.

L'invention sera mieux comprise en se référant à l'exemple non limitatif ci-après dans lequel l'invention est appliquée à l'extraction d'un tube cylindrique. Cet exemple se réfère au schéma unique.The invention will be better understood by referring to the nonlimiting example below in which the invention is applied to the extraction of a cylindrical tube. This example refers to the single scheme.

Un tube 1, d'axe X-X', est produit par coulée continue verticale ascendante dans une lingotière 2 à partir de laquelle il est extrait verticalement vers le haut. En fait la lingotière proprement dite est surmontée d'un dispositif permettant de conformer, de calibrer et de refroidir jusqu'à un degré suffisant l'article allongé (tube) de telle sorte que le niveau 2' représente la surface supérieure de sortie de cet ensemble.A tube 1, of axis XX ′, is produced by continuous vertical ascending casting in a mold 2 from which it is extracted vertically upwards. In fact the mold itself is surmounted by a device making it possible to shape, calibrate and cool to a sufficient degree the elongated article (tube) so that the level 2 ′ represents the upper exit surface of this together.

L'appareillage selon l'invention est constitué - d'un anneau 3 situé au voisinage immédiat du niveau 2' et qui peut même être rendu solidaire de l'ensemble lingotière-dispositif de formage-refroidissement; cet anneau 3 a une surface extérieure quelconque mais présente intérieurement une face interne 4 de forme tronconique; l'ouverture de cette forme tronconique est orientée vers le haut (vers X'), la petite base de cette forme étant donc vers le bas de cet anneau; la forme de cette face interne 4 est bien évidemment adaptée à la forme extérieure et à la dimension du tube 1, le plus souvent le tronc de cône présente donc des sections droites circulaires; l'inclinaison de la face interne tronconique de l'anneau 3 par rapport à l'axe du tube 1 (verticale) est comprise entre 10 et 20° et est de préférence de 15°; l'espace entre la face interne de l'anneau 3 et la surface extérieure du tube 1 est rempli de billes 5 de plusieurs diamètres; ces billes se répartissent, selon leur grosseur, en deux ou plusieurs lits successifs, chaque lit étant formé de billes de même grosseur qui sont tangentes à la fois à la surface interne de l'anneau et à la surface externe du tube; les diamètres des billes à choisir seront déterminés bien évidemment par l'angle fait par la surface interne de l'anneau avec la verticale et par la hauteur de l'anneau; par exemple, pour un tube 1 dont le diamètre extérieur est de 1000 mm et pour un anneau dont l'angle de la surface interne est de 15°, on pourra utiliser avantageusement deux lits de billes de diamètres 60 et 80 mm;

  • - d'un anneau 6 dont la structure est tout à fait analogue à celle de l'anneau 3; on y retrouve notamment la surface interne tronconique à ouverture vers le haut et la disposition des billes 5 disposées entre ladite surface interne tronconique et le tube 1 ; mais de plus ledit anneau 6 est animé d'un mouvement vertical de va-et-vient le long du tube 1, ce mouvement de va-et-vient assurant le déplacement dudit anneau sur une hauteur déterminée; ledit anneau 6 étant entraîné par un dispositif non représenté.
  • Le fonctionnement de l'appareillage selon l'invention est le suivant:
The apparatus according to the invention consists of - a ring 3 located in the immediate vicinity of level 2 'and which can even be made integral with the ingot mold-forming-cooling device assembly; this ring 3 has any external surface but internally has an internal face 4 of frustoconical shape; the opening of this frustoconical shape is oriented upwards (towards X ′), the small base of this shape therefore being towards the bottom of this ring; the shape of this internal face 4 is obviously adapted to the external shape and to the dimension of the tube 1, most often the truncated cone therefore has circular straight sections; the inclination of the frustoconical internal face of the ring 3 relative to the axis of the tube 1 (vertical) is between 10 and 20 ° and is preferably 15 °; the space between the internal face of the ring 3 and the external surface of the tube 1 is filled with balls 5 of several diameters; these balls are distributed, according to their size, in two or more successive beds, each bed being formed balls of the same size which are tangent both to the internal surface of the ring and to the external surface of the tube; the diameters of the balls to be chosen will obviously be determined by the angle made by the internal surface of the ring with the vertical and by the height of the ring; for example, for a tube 1 whose external diameter is 1000 mm and for a ring whose angle of the internal surface is 15 °, it is advantageous to use two beds of balls of diameters 60 and 80 mm;
  • - a ring 6 whose structure is completely similar to that of the ring 3; there are in particular the tapered internal surface with opening upwards and the arrangement of the balls 5 arranged between said tapered internal surface and the tube 1; but in addition said ring 6 is driven in a vertical back-and-forth movement along the tube 1, this back-and-forth movement ensuring the movement of said ring over a determined height; said ring 6 being driven by a device not shown.
  • The operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows:

La montée de l'anneau 6 d'une hauteur h entraîne, par le coincement des billes 5 de l'anneau 6 entre la surface externe du tube 1 et la surface tronconique interne dudit anneau 6, la montée du tube 1. Une fois l'extraction du tube 1 réalisée d'une hauteur h, l'anneau 6 redescend, ce qui procure une libération des billes 5 de cet anneau 6, alors que les billes 5 de l'anneau 3 empêchent alors la descente du tube 1 à l'intérieur de la lingotière 2.The rise of the ring 6 from a height h causes, by wedging the balls 5 of the ring 6 between the outer surface of the tube 1 and the internal frustoconical surface of said ring 6, the rise of the tube 1. Once l extraction of the tube 1 carried out from a height h, the ring 6 descends, which provides a release of the balls 5 from this ring 6, while the balls 5 from the ring 3 then prevent the descent of the tube 1 to 1 inside the mold 2.

Un nouveau cycle peut commencer quand l'anneau 6 a repris sa position de départ.A new cycle can begin when the ring 6 has returned to its starting position.

Ce dispositif permet donc une extraction pas à pas du tube 1 hors d'une lingotière 2 dans un procédé de coulée continue verticale ascendante.This device therefore allows a step-by-step extraction of the tube 1 from an ingot mold 2 in an ascending vertical continuous casting process.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for the step-by-step extraction from an ingot-mould (2) of an elongated solid product (1) obtained by continuous bottom casting, shaping, calibration and solidification in a suitable chamber, the said installation being characterised in that it is constituted:
- by a first fixed device (3), situated in the immediate vicinity of the outlet orifice (2') of the said chamber, constituted by a ring, surrounding the said solid, having an inner face (4) in the shape of a frustum of a cone having an opening comprised between 10° and 20° and having its small base towards the bottom, the space situated between the outer surface of the said solid and the inner face of the said ring being provided with balls (5) of several diameters able to ensure the wedging of the said solid in the case of the beginning of a movement in the upstream direction of this solid;
- and of a second movable device (6) having the same structure as the first device and also comprising balls, this second device carrying out a reciprocating longitudinal movement along the axis of the said solid.
2. Installation according to Claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the said frustum of a cone is 15°.
3. Installation according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the elongated solid product is a metal tube.
EP86112724A 1985-09-30 1986-09-15 Apparatus for the step-by-step withdrawal from a mould of a continuously upward cast elongated article Expired EP0220456B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86112724T ATE35638T1 (en) 1985-09-30 1986-09-15 DEVICE FOR PULLING A CONTINUOUS CASTING MOLD OF AN INCREASINGLY CAST LONG OBJECT.
IN839/DEL/86A IN166729B (en) 1985-09-30 1986-09-23

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8514449A FR2587923B1 (en) 1985-09-30 1985-09-30 APPARATUS FOR STEP-BY-STEP EXTRACTION OUTSIDE A LINGOTIERE OF A PRODUCT OF ELONGATE FORM OBTAINED BY ASCENDING CONTINUOUS CASTING
FR8514449 1985-09-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220456A1 EP0220456A1 (en) 1987-05-06
EP0220456B1 true EP0220456B1 (en) 1988-07-13

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EP86112724A Expired EP0220456B1 (en) 1985-09-30 1986-09-15 Apparatus for the step-by-step withdrawal from a mould of a continuously upward cast elongated article

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US (1) US4693297A (en)
EP (1) EP0220456B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6281251A (en)
KR (1) KR900003220B1 (en)
AU (1) AU568990B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8604696A (en)
CA (1) CA1278414C (en)
CS (1) CS262678B2 (en)
CU (1) CU21821A3 (en)
DD (1) DD252135A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3660365D1 (en)
EG (1) EG18183A (en)
ES (1) ES8706494A1 (en)
FI (1) FI79477C (en)
FR (1) FR2587923B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2181078B (en)
MX (1) MX173387B (en)
MY (1) MY103669A (en)
PL (1) PL154103B1 (en)
TR (1) TR23080A (en)
YU (1) YU45364B (en)
ZA (1) ZA867264B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040144827A1 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-07-29 Ted Fox Uni-directional wire advancing and holding device
CN112207262B (en) * 2020-09-24 2022-03-29 马钢集团设计研究院有限责任公司 Demoulding system and demoulding method suitable for casting moulds with various shapes

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DE271796C (en) *
US1088171A (en) * 1913-01-30 1914-02-24 Adam Helmer Pehrson Manufacture of bar and tube shaped articles from molten metal.
GB515252A (en) * 1938-04-27 1939-11-30 Manrico Compare Improvements in and relating to means for converting vibratory movements into rotaryor rectilinear movements
US2275269A (en) * 1940-08-01 1942-03-03 George M O'loughlin Wire-feeding device for heading machines
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GB895913A (en) * 1958-08-16 1962-05-09 Demag Ag Continuous casting plant
SU419301A1 (en) * 1971-01-11 1974-03-15 DEVICE FOR DEPLOYMENT INGOT "ch at SEMI-CONTINUOUS CASTING
DE2457422C3 (en) * 1974-12-05 1981-09-24 Metall-Invent S.A., Zug Device for continuous casting from layers of metallic melt
FR2352612B1 (en) * 1976-05-26 1980-11-14 Pont A Mousson PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING BY CENTRIFUGATION OF TUBULAR CAST IRON PRODUCTS IN PARTICULAR
US4139135A (en) * 1976-12-27 1979-02-13 Krupenik Vitaly N Continuous casting withdrawal apparatus
FR2375936A1 (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-28 Uk Nii Metallov Drawing billet from mould during continuous casting - using reciprocating clamp contg. spring-loaded gripper shoes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6281251A (en) 1987-04-14
FI79477C (en) 1990-01-10
CS687086A2 (en) 1988-08-16
US4693297A (en) 1987-09-15
FR2587923B1 (en) 1988-01-15
GB2181078A (en) 1987-04-15
CS262678B2 (en) 1989-03-14
ES556071A0 (en) 1987-07-01
TR23080A (en) 1989-02-28
FI863914A0 (en) 1986-09-29
CA1278414C (en) 1991-01-02
EP0220456A1 (en) 1987-05-06
AU568990B2 (en) 1988-01-14
MX173387B (en) 1994-02-25
FI79477B (en) 1989-09-29
BR8604696A (en) 1987-06-23
PL154103B1 (en) 1991-07-31
DE3660365D1 (en) 1988-08-18
CU21821A3 (en) 1991-01-15
FI863914A (en) 1987-03-31
YU158686A (en) 1989-04-30
AU6296786A (en) 1987-04-02
DD252135A5 (en) 1987-12-09
PL261618A1 (en) 1987-09-21
GB2181078B (en) 1988-09-07
MY103669A (en) 1993-08-28
KR870002887A (en) 1987-04-13
JPH0112580B2 (en) 1989-03-01
EG18183A (en) 1993-04-30
ZA867264B (en) 1987-06-24
GB8619846D0 (en) 1986-09-24
YU45364B (en) 1992-05-28
ES8706494A1 (en) 1987-07-01
KR900003220B1 (en) 1990-05-11
FR2587923A1 (en) 1987-04-03

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