EP0205929B1 - Terminal - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a terminal for the electrically conductive connection of a line without prior removal of its insulating sleeve, the diameter of which is equal to or smaller than a predetermined maximum value and which encloses a single-conductor or multi-wire metallic conductor which is at least approximately circular in cross section and has the same diameter how or less than a predetermined maximum value,

wherein the terminal has a terminal space open at least on one of its end faces, into which a longitudinal section of the line to be connected can be inserted, and wherein the longitudinal axis of the terminal is defined by the longitudinal axis of such a longitudinal line section, the insulating sleeve of which has a diameter corresponding to the predetermined maximum value and that in the terminal room the clamp located in the receiving position is arranged and the clamp comprises

a clamp body,

at least one contact pressure piece, each with at least one conical or wedge-shaped contact element intended for penetration of the insulating sleeve and penetration into the conductor, the tip or cutting edge of which lies in a first longitudinal center plane of the terminal containing the longitudinal axis of the terminal,

at least one counter pressure piece held on the clamp body, the contact pressure piece (s) being arranged on one side and the counter pressure piece (s) on the other side of a second longitudinal center plane perpendicularly penetrating the first longitudinal center plane in the longitudinal axis of the clamp

and a tendon with which the contact and counter pressure pieces, starting from the receiving position, in which their distance is greater than the maximum value of the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve, can be brought into a clamping position or can be fixed in this position, in which their distance is smaller than the minimum value of the diameter of the conductor.

In a known clamp of this type, the clamp body consists of an approximately rectangular tube section which is formed by folding over a sheet metal stamped part and which, in the interface of its first longitudinal center plane with the transverse center plane located in the middle of its axial length, has a threaded hole in its formed by one narrow side of the clamp body Has top.

In the known clamp, a flat contact pressure piece, formed by a separate sheet metal stamped part, is arranged parallel to the second longitudinal median plane within the clamp body and extends on one side and in one piece into a connecting lug. The contact pressure piece, on one flat side of which engages an actuating screw screwed into the threaded bore, has on each side of the transverse central plane a rectangular rectangular sheet metal edge which is bent at right angles, in such a way that both sheet metal edges lie in planes parallel to one another and to the transverse central plane and in the direction of the base part of the Project other narrow side forming the terminal body. Silk sheet edges are sawtooth-shaped at their free edges.

Essentially in the same planes as these sheet metal edges protrude from the base part of the terminal body as counter pressure pieces, formed by embossed cam pairs. The cams of each pair are arranged on different sides of the first longitudinal center plane and have ridges directed towards the contact pressure piece and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the terminal, the spacing of which approximately corresponds to the diameter of the conductor which is to be contacted by the terminal.

In order for the conductor to be easily inserted axially into the known terminal under practical conditions, the inner width between the side parts of the terminal body must be chosen considerably larger than the maximum outer diameter of the insulating sleeve for which the terminal is still to be used. In particular, conductors whose insulating sheath is smaller than this maximum value therefore assume an undefined position within the terminal body. When tightening the actuating screw, it is therefore not likely that a saw tooth of the contact pressure piece will hit the conductor exactly in the center. Rather, it is to be expected that the conductor will only be gripped by the flanks of two adjacent saw teeth or will roll into this stable position, whereby on the occasion of the contacting process, even with great force exerted, remnants of the insulating sheath between these flanks and the conductor remain squeezed and can prevent reliable contacting or by the tangential attack of the flanks, no reliable penetration of an oxide layer covering the conductor is achieved.

Since the quality of the contacting just achieved is not discernible to the user of the terminal, he will regularly tighten the actuating screw excessively, which leads to mechanical damage and thus to a risk of breakage at the contacting point, particularly if the conductor is in an unfavorable position in the terminal body.

Even if good contact should occur with the known terminal, it can deteriorate again after some time if the material of the conductor dodges through cold flow and the contact pressure is thereby completely or partially released.

The object of the invention is to develop a clamp of the type mentioned in such a way that single-wire (solid) or multi-wire (strand-shaped) conductors of different diameters introduced with or without an insulating sleeve can be securely contacted, with an impermissible material deformation and an impermissible mechanical stability of the conductor Impairment of the terminal contact through operational or time-dependent effects, in particular by a cold flow of the conductor can be reliably avoided.

This object is achieved in that, according to the invention, each contact pressure piece and / or counter pressure piece is supported on the component carrying it via a set spring which transmits the actuating force of the tensioning element, in that a first stop is provided for each set spring, which comes into engagement after a predetermined deformation path of the set spring , bridges this at least partially and takes over a power transmission to the contact pressure piece or the counter pressure piece,
and that a centering and constricting device for the line is provided adjacent to the contact counter-pressure piece, which has jaws with at least three contact surfaces or edges directed towards the insulating sleeve, at least one contact surface being arranged on each side of the first longitudinal median plane and at least one jaw through the Counter pressure piece is formed.

With this design, on the one hand, the contact pressure piece or counter-pressure piece is adjusted, so that even with a cold flow of the conductor, a sufficient minimum contacting force is constantly maintained, while, on the other hand, reliable centering of the conductor on the first longitudinal median plane is also ensured for different diameters of insulating sleeves , which in turn makes it possible to equip the contact pressure piece with contacting elements which can be optimally designed for the penetration of the insulating sleeve and penetration into the conductor with a desired penetration depth.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme,
• Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch die bei einem Leiter kleineren Durchmessers in Klemmstellung befindliche Klemme gemäß Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch die bei einem Leiter größeren Durchmessers in Klemmstellung befindliche Klemme gemäß Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 eine Stirnansicht einer Modifikation der ersten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie V - V in Fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie VI - VI in Fig. 4;
• Fig. 7 eine Stirnansicht einer geänderten Ausbildung des Deckels und Gegendruckstücks;
• Fig. 8 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie VIII -VIII in Fig. 7;
• Fig. 9 eine perspektivische, teilweis geschnittene Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme;
• Fig. 10 einen Teil-Längsschnitt, geführt in der ersten Längsmittelebene Y der Klemme gemäß Fig. 9 in Aufnahmestellung;
• Fig. 11 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Linie XI - XI in Fig. 10;
• Fig. 12 einen Teil-Längsschnitt, geführt in der ersten Längsmittelebene Y der Klemme gemäß Fig. 9 in Klemmstellung;
• Fig. 13 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Linie XIII - XIII in Fig. 12;
• Fig. 14 einen Längsschnitt, geführt in der ersten Längsmittelebene Y einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme, in Aufnahmestellung;
• Fig. 15 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Linie XV - XV in Fig. 14, jedoch für die in Klemmstellung befindlichen Klemme mit eingelegter Leitung;
• Fig. 16 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie XVI - XVI in Fig. 15 ohne eingelegte Leitung;
• Fig. 17 eine perspektivische Ansicht des unteren Teils einer vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme;
• Fig. 18 eine Stirnansicht der Klemme gemäß Fig. 17 einschließlich ihres oberen Teils;
• Fig. 19 eine Stirnansicht einer fünften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme, in Aufnahmestellung;
• Fig. 20 eine Stirnansicht einer Klemme gemäß Fig. 19, jedoch in Klemmstellung (verkrimpt),
• Fig. 21 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie XXI - XXI in Fig. 20;
• Fig. 22 eine Draufsicht einer Klemme gemäß Fig. 19, jedoch in Klemmstellung (verkrimpt);
• Fig. 23 einen Längsschnitt gemäß der Linie XXIII - XXIII in Fig. 22.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings, in which:

• 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the clamp according to the invention,
• FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the terminal according to FIG. 1 located in the clamping position in the case of a conductor of smaller diameter; FIG.
• 3 shows a cross section through the terminal according to FIG. 1, which is in the clamping position in the case of a conductor of larger diameter;
• 4 is an end view of a modification of the first embodiment;
• Figure 5 is a longitudinal section along the line V - V in Fig. 4.
• FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 4;
• 7 shows an end view of a modified design of the cover and counter pressure piece;
• Figure 8 is a longitudinal section along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7.
• 9 is a perspective, partially sectioned view of a second embodiment of the clamp according to the invention;
• 10 shows a partial longitudinal section, taken in the first longitudinal center plane Y of the clamp according to FIG. 9 in the receiving position;
• 11 shows a cross section along the line XI-XI in FIG. 10;
• 12 shows a partial longitudinal section, guided in the first longitudinal center plane Y of the clamp according to FIG. 9 in the clamped position;
• 13 shows a cross section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12;
• 14 shows a longitudinal section, taken in the first longitudinal center plane Y of a third embodiment of the clamp according to the invention, in the receiving position;
• 15 shows a cross section along the line XV-XV in FIG. 14, but for the clamp in the clamped position with the line inserted;
• 16 shows a longitudinal section along the line XVI - XVI in FIG. 15 without an inserted line;
• 17 is a perspective view of the lower part of a fourth embodiment of the clamp according to the invention;
• FIG. 18 shows an end view of the clamp according to FIG. 17 including its upper part;
• 19 shows an end view of a fifth embodiment of the clamp according to the invention, in the receiving position;
• 20 is an end view of a clamp according to FIG. 19, but in the clamped position (crimped),
• 21 shows a longitudinal section along the line XXI-XXI in FIG. 20;
• 22 shows a plan view of a clamp according to FIG. 19, but in the clamped position (crimped);
• 23 shows a longitudinal section along the line XXIII-XXIII in FIG. 22.

In general, it should be noted that all terminals (including those of a known type), according to their design and dimensioning, are only suitable for cables with dimensions within a certain range. For the purposes of the present invention, “predetermined maximum value” for the diameter of the insulating sleeve and “predetermined minimum value” for the diameter of the conductor mean those limit dimensions of a line in which a terminal designed according to the invention still reliably fulfills its intended function, even if exceeded these limit dimensions may still have advantages over previously known terminals.

The terminal illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 is intended for the connection of a line with a metallic conductor 1 and an insulating sleeve 2, which is passed uncut through the terminal, ie for example comes from an electrical power distributor, from the terminal for the connection of a Electricity consumer is contacted and leads to another electricity consumer. This terminal is also for the connection of a bare conductor or only at the terminal point of their insulating sleeve liberated line and / or a cut, ie inserted with its free end, suitable. The terminal can also be used for solid and multi-wire conductors.

As can best be seen from FIG. 1, the clamp contains a clamp body, designated in its entirety by 3a, which is composed of a base 4a and a cover 5a which can be lifted off for uncut insertion of the conductor. The terminal has a longitudinal axis 0 of the terminal (FIG. 3), which is defined by the longitudinal axis of a length section of the line inserted into the terminal space of the terminal in the receiving position, the insulating sleeve of which has the aforementioned maximum diameter and is in contact with components of the terminal which the terminal space limit in the direction of a contact pressure piece explained in more detail later. The clamp also has a first longitudinal center plane Y containing the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp and extending centrally through the base 4a and the cover 5a, as well as a second longitudinal central plane X standing perpendicular to the latter and containing the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp and a central longitudinal plane X dividing the clamp with respect to its longitudinal extent the terminal longitudinal axis 0 perpendicularly penetrated, near the sectional planes of FIGS. 2 and 3 on the transverse center plane Z. These axes and planes are also referred to in the explanation of the further exemplary embodiments.

The base 4a is formed from a sheet metal stamped part and contains a flat, rectangular base part 6a parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X, on the two longitudinal sides 7, 8 of which, in its basic form, also connect flat and rectangular side parts 9a, 10a by 90 ° bends, which thus extend to both sides of the first longitudinal center plane Y and parallel to it. From the transverse sides 11 and 12 of the base part 6a protrude integrally molded tongues 13a and 14a, which are each bent 180 ° hairpin-shaped inwards between the side parts 9a, 10a so that their substantially flat end portions are at the same distance from the Are inner surface of the base part 6a and that there is also a distance between their ends to be facing each other. Each tongue 13a, 14a represents a spiral spring and the two tongues together form a spring 15a effective perpendicular to the second longitudinal center plane X (FIGS. 2 and 3).

On this extension spring 15a, namely on the surfaces of the end sections of the tongues 13a, 14a facing away from the base part 6a, there is a contact pressure piece, designated in its entirety with 16a, which consists of electrically highly conductive material and the shape of a rectangular, approximately the size of the base part 6a has a corresponding strip which is arranged with play between the side parts 9a, 10a. The contact pressure piece 16a extends on one side into a connecting lug 16 ', which leads to a device, not shown, to be connected to the terminal, for example to a switch or a socket or another terminal.

A contacting element 17a in the form of a prismatic rib projects from the contact pressure piece 16a in the direction of the cover 5a, the cutting-like central edge of which lies in the first longitudinal plane Y and extends on both sides of the transverse central plane Z with a total length which is greater than the minimum diameter of the contact Conductor 1 and is preferably 3 times this diameter. The angle between the surfaces of the rib forming the cutting edge is less than or equal to 45 °. The hardness of the rib must be greater than the hardness of the conductor 1 to be contacted. For universal use of the clamp, the Brinell hardness HB of the rib 17a should be over 120 kp / mm ² . If the contact pressure piece consists of a material that meets these hardness requirements, its rib can also be formed in one piece with it.

Each side part 9a, 10a contains two upper and two lower (closer to the base part 6a), inwardly curved tabs 18a and 19a, which overlap or underlap edge regions of the contact pressure piece 16a. The upper sides of all four lower tabs 19a lie in a common plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X and together form a first stop 21a, which limits the stroke of the contact pressure piece 16a and the extension spring 15a in the direction of compression. The undersides of all four upper tabs 18a lie in another common plane, which is also parallel to the second longitudinal center plane, but whose distance from the base part 6a is greater, and form a second stop 20a, which is at a distance from the base part 6a such that the extension spring 15a rests with prestress on the contact pressure piece 16a and holds it non-positively on the second stop 20a.

Strip-shaped spiral springs are separated from the side parts 9a, 10a by punch cuts in such a way that they are connected to the remaining material of the side parts only on lines 22a, which are adjacent to the base part 6a and lie in a plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X. These spiral springs act as swivel levers 23a, the swivel axes of which thus run parallel to the longitudinal central axis 0, in the associated side parts 9a and 10a, and are approximately at the level of the adjustment spring 15a and the contact pressure piece 16a.

Adjacent to the lines 22a, the bending springs are bent inwards and stand in recesses 16 "a provided on both sides of the contact pressure piece 16a and thereby hold the contact piece in a positive manner in the direction of the longitudinal central axis O. Both bending springs are adjacent to the free ends facing away from the lines 22a one or more bending axes, each parallel to the terminal longitudinal axis 0 bent over that inclined surfaces 24a arise which, in the tension-free state of the spiral springs, at least partially protrude beyond the remaining outer surface of the associated side part 9a, 10a and enclose with it an upwardly open angle which is substantially larger than 90 ° and substantially smaller than 180 °.

The two swivel levers 23a carry jaws 25a on the mutually facing surfaces, the rectangular contact surfaces 26a of which extend on both sides of the second longitudinal center plane X and the transverse center plane Z (FIGS. 2 and 3). The jaws 25a can be formed by sections of the length of the pivot levers 23a themselves and thereby take up their entire width (in the direction of the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp), or they can be formed by features made thereon.

The free end of each side part 9a, 10a has rectangular notches on both sides, in such a way that the side part extends between lower end edges, which together form a support surface 27a lying in a plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X, with two rectangular sheet metal sections 9'a, or 10'a extended, which are on both sides of the pivot lever 23a. An outwardly projecting nose is formed in each sheet metal section 9'a, 10'a. All four lugs lie in a common plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X and form first notches 28a, which can be brought into engagement with second notches 29a, which will be explained later.

The cover 5a consists of a one-piece stamped sheet metal part with a flat rectangular central part 30a, on the two longitudinal sides 31, 32 of which 90 ° bends are also joined by flat and rectangular edge parts 33a and 34a, to which in turn rectangular inclined surfaces 35a or 36a connect. The inner distance between the long sides 31, 32 is equal to or slightly larger than the outer distance between the side parts 9a, 10a of the base 4a.

Parallel to and close to the longitudinal sides 31, 32 of the middle part 30a are punched into this longitudinal slots 37a, 38a, the outer slot edges of which form the already mentioned second notches 29a. Furthermore, from the middle part 30a and adjacent areas of the edge parts 33a, 34a, two rectangular tongues are punched out offset to one another, which are bent towards one another via bending lines parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cover, so that (when the cover 5a is placed on the base 4a) their free , In the longitudinal direction, successive edges 39'a, 39 "a lie essentially in the first longitudinal center plane Y, and in a straight line which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp. The two tongues together form a counter-pressure piece 40a and this in turn is part of one of the jaws 25a containing centering and constricting device for the line to be contacted. The edges 39'a, 39 "a of the counterpressure piece facing the contact pressure piece 16a are designed in such a way that due to their greater length extension and / or a larger angle between the surfaces forming them and / or their more rounded off a lower penetration into the Have insulating sleeve 2 or the conductor 1 as the contacting element 17a of the contact pressure piece 16a.

Apart from the connecting lug 16 'in the base 4a and the staggered arrangement of the tongues in the cover 5a, the clamp is completely symmetrical, both with respect to the first median longitudinal plane Y and with respect to the transverse median plane Z.

Further advantages of the clamp according to the invention result from the following explanation of its mode of operation. This explanation is based on the connection of a solid, uncut conductor 1 with a round cross-sectional shape with an insulating sleeve 2, with the connection of a conductor 1 of larger diameter with an insulating sleeve 2 also having a larger outside diameter also being discussed.

• - Die ersten Rasten 28a am Sockel 4a laufen auf die Schrägflächen 35a, 36a am Deckel 5a auf, wodurch die Seitenteile 9a, 10a federnd geringfügig aufeinanderzu verbogen werden.
• - Die Blechabschnitte 9'a, 10'a der Seitenteile 9a, 10a beginnen, durch die Längsschlitze 37a, 38a hindurchtreten.
• - Die Schrägflächen 35a, 36a laufen auf die Schrägflächen 24a der Schwenkhebel 23a auf, wobei sich die Backen 15a mit den Anlageflächen 26a einander nähern, den Leiter 1 bezüglich der ersten Längsmittelebene Y zentrieren und in seine Isolierhülle 2 einzudringen beginnen.
• - Das Gegendruckstück 40a drückt mit seinen Kanten 39'a, 39"a auf die Isolierhülle 2 und preßt diese auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite auf das Kontaktierungselement, wobei die Kanten 39'a, 39"a und noch stärker das Kontaktierungselement 17a (Rippe) in die Isolierhülle 2 eindringen.
• - Das Kontaktdruckstück 16a bewegt sich gegen die Wirkung der Nachsetzfeder 15a, bis es zur Anlage am ersten Anschlag 21 a kommt.
• - Die Kanten 39'a, 39"a haben die Isolierhülle 2 durchstoßen und liegen auf dem Leiter 1 auf, während das Kontaktierungselement (Rippe) 17a weiter in die Leiter 1 eindringt, bis die Innenfläche des Deckel-Mittelteils 30a die Auflagefläche 27a berührt und die ersten und zweiten Rasten 28a bzw. 29a einfallen.

The conductor 1 is inserted into the base 4a of the opened terminal body 3a (cf. FIG. 1), wherein it rests on the contact element 17a, the contact pressure piece 16a with its insulating sleeve 2 and is located between the contact surfaces 26a of the jaws 25a. The cover 5a is then placed on the base 4a, the sheet metal sections 9'a, 10'a of the base side parts 9a, 10a protruding between the cover edge parts 33a, 34a. When the cover 5a approaches the base 4a further, the application of the required compressive force in the direction of arrow A is preferably carried out by means of a tool (for example pliers) or by means of a force-boosting device assembled with the clamp, for example a pressure screw or a lever or eccentric the following processes are triggered:

• The first catches 28a on the base 4a run onto the inclined surfaces 35a, 36a on the cover 5a, as a result of which the side parts 9a, 10a are slightly resiliently bent towards one another.
• - The sheet metal sections 9'a, 10'a of the side parts 9a, 10a begin to pass through the longitudinal slots 37a, 38a.
• - The inclined surfaces 35a, 36a run onto the inclined surfaces 24a of the swivel levers 23a, the jaws 15a with the contact surfaces 26a approaching each other, centering the conductor 1 with respect to the first longitudinal center plane Y and starting to penetrate into its insulating sleeve 2.
• - The counter pressure piece 40a presses with its edges 39'a, 39 "a onto the insulating sleeve 2 and presses it onto the contacting element on the opposite side, the edges 39'a, 39" a and even more so the contacting element 17a (rib) in penetrate the insulating sleeve 2.
• - The contact pressure piece 16a moves against the action of the extension spring 15a until it comes to rest on the first stop 21a.
• - The edges 39'a, 39 "a have the insulating sleeve 2 pierce and rest on the conductor 1, while the contacting element (rib) 17a continues to penetrate into the conductor 1 until the inner surface of the middle cover part 30a touches the bearing surface 27a and the first and second notches 28a and 29a engage.

The jaws 25a (whose contact surfaces 26a can penetrate up to the conductor 1) have the effect that the longitudinal axis L always remains in the first longitudinal center plane Y and therefore a central penetration of the contacting element into the conductor 1 is always ensured. The relative position of the components of the terminal is chosen so that for a conductor 1 with the minimum diameter for which the terminal is designed as the lower limit, the first and second notches 28a and 29a can only engage when at the second Stop 21a a adjacent contact pressure piece 16a, the distance between the contacting element and the edges is smaller by a predetermined value (for example by 1 mm) than the mentioned minimum diameter of the conductor 1, the contact surface 27a only slightly approaching the cover 5a and beyond the latching position Socket 4a allows. The engagement of the catches 28a, 29a is therefore a reliable indication that the contacting element 17a has penetrated it to an extent necessary for the safe contacting of the conductor, and it is also ensured that the contacting element 17a cannot completely cut through the conductor 1. As an additional measure to prevent this undesirable effect, the height of the contacting element 17 a can be limited to a value that is smaller than the minimum diameter of the conductor 1.

If a cold flow of the conductor occurs in the course of time, this is compensated by the adjustment spring 15a, which tracks the contact pressure piece 16a and ensures that the conductor 1 between the counter pressure piece 40a and the contacting element (rib 17a) of the contact pressure piece 16a is permanently applied with a minimum force remains clamped, which is sufficient for reliable contacting.

The extension spring 15a is preferably dimensioned such that the force to be applied to lift the contact pressure piece 16a from the second stop 20a in the direction of the first stop 21a is sufficient for the contacting element (rib) 17a to cut through the insulating sleeve 2 and penetrate a possible oxide layer of the conductor 1 and can possibly penetrate into it by a small amount, but this force should not be sufficient to completely cut the conductor 1 through the contacting element.

In the case of a thicker conductor 1 illustrated in FIG. 3 with an insulating sleeve 2, the diameter of which corresponds to the predetermined maximum value for which the clamp is designed, this insulating sleeve 2 almost completely fills the space between the contact surfaces 26a of the jaws 25a or it lies on these contact surfaces with a small preload. An undesirably high pressure of the jaws 25a during the contacting process is avoided by an elastic (possibly also partially plastic) deformation of the pivot levers 23a carrying the contact surfaces 26a, particularly in the longitudinal sections located between the inclined surfaces 24a and the jaws 25a. Similarly, the dimensioning and shaping of the tongues from which the counter-pressure piece 40a is formed ensures an elastic and / or plastic deformability to such an extent that even when the contact pressure piece 16a is in contact with the first stop 21a, the contacting element only with a predetermined maximum force can penetrate into the conductor 1 and thus the path of penetration of the contacting element is limited.

To release the clamp from the conductor 1, it is sufficient to apply pressure in the direction of the arrows J (FIG. 2). As a result, the base side parts 9a, 10a are resiliently bent toward one another, as a result of which the catches 28a, 29a are unlatched, so that the cover 5a can be removed from the base 4a and the components again assume the position according to FIG. 1.

In the following description of alternatives and further exemplary embodiments, the explanations given above are to be used in addition. Components of the same design or function are provided with the same reference symbols (possibly with different indices).

4-6, the dash-dotted lines in Fig. 4 refer to the possibility of extending the sheet metal sections 9'b, 10'b of the side parts 9b, 10b and forming two groups of lugs on them, so that in addition to inner first notches 28b (corresponding to FIGS. 1-3) there are additional outer first notches 28'b. The cover 5b can therefore be held on the base 4b in an inner latching position, in which the conductor 1 is properly contacted (latches 29b engage in latches 28b), as well as in a previous one, with less pressure (for example with the fingers) in the direction of the arrow A achievable outer latching position, in which the cover 5b is already captively connected to the base 4b and a cut conductor can be inserted into the terminal in the direction of its longitudinal axis (notches 29b engage in notches 28'b).

The tongues of the cover 5b forming the counter-pressure piece 40b have two sections parallel to the first longitudinal central axis Y, so that the deformability is less and the compressive forces which can be exerted on the conductor 1 are greater. The tongues 13b, 14b formed on the base 4b and forming the repositioning spring 15b have short 90 ° bends 13'b, 14'b at their free ends. Their end surfaces can be brought into contact with the inner surface of the base part 6b, which forms the first stop 21b for the contact pressure piece 16b. The latter has two ribs as contact elements 17'b, 17 "b, which are in each case on different sides of the first longitudinal center plane Y and have a distance between their cutting-like edges which is less than the minimum diameter of the conductor 1 which is still to be contacted by the terminal. Such a design with two adjacent contacting elements is only intended for special applications, since it has been found that the particular advantages of the terminal according to the invention have been achieved with contacting elements whose tips or edges lie in the first longitudinal center plane Y.

Each jaw 25b is extended to close to the cover 5b to facilitate the introduction of the conductor and its contact surface 26b consists of several sharp edges that run at least approximately parallel to the first longitudinal center plane Y and the transverse center plane Z and is formed on strip-like elements, some of which are made of the material of the pivot lever 23b is punched out and bent (cf. in particular FIG. 5).

The cover 5c illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be used instead of the above-described covers 5a and 5b and, after appropriate adaptation, also for the embodiment according to FIGS. 18-17. The counter-pressure piece 40c is formed by a plurality of tongues punched out exclusively from the middle part 30c of the cover, which are bent inwards by 90 ° about bending axes parallel to the transverse center plane Z and formed by trapezoidal notches 39'c, 39 "located in planes parallel to the transverse center plane 2 c have, which improve the centering and constriction of the line.

9 - 13 (second embodiment), the extension spring 15d, formed by two hairpin-shaped tongues, extends at its two free ends over 90 ° bends into a contact pressure piece 16d. The contacting elements 17'd, 17 "d of these contact pressure pieces 16d are formed by roof-shaped end faces in the form of very short prismatic ribs in the axial direction, the edges of which lie in the first longitudinal center plane Y. The repositioning spring 15d is surrounded by a further spring 23d with two hairpin-shaped tongues , which continue at both ends through 90 ° bends in jaws 25d, which have triangular notches at their ends, through which a pair of inclined contact surfaces 26d are formed, which intersect in the first longitudinal center plane Y. In the receiving position the edges of the contacting elements 17'd, 17 "d and the interfaces of the contact surfaces 26d are approximately in the same plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X.

The repositioning spring 15d is connected on one side of the common lower leg to the common lower leg of the spring 23d via a first bracket 55d bent by 180 °, which projects laterally and forms part of a catch 28'd. The further spring 23d in turn is connected to a flat base part 6d via a second tab 56d, which projects on the other side of the common leg and forms part of a catch 28 "d, which continues into a connecting lug 16 '. All described above Components form the base 4d of the clamp and consist of a one-piece, bent sheet metal stamped part.

A cover 5d with edge parts 33d, 34d and locking openings 37d, 38d for the catches 28'd, 28 "d can be placed on this base 4d. In the central part 30d of this cover 5d is a pair of tabs formed by U-shaped punched-outs , which in their entirety form the counter pressure piece 40d, so that they are bent inwards in the area of the transverse median plane 2, two oblique contact edges 39'd, 39 "d (FIG. 11) which (or their imaginary extensions) form the first longitudinal median plane Y. Further openings 57d in the cover 5d serve for the unimpeded movement of the jaws 25d.

The line to be contacted is placed on the contact surface 26d and the cover 5d is placed (FIGS. 10 and 11), a first centering already taking place. With further movement of the cover in the direction of arrow A, contact hooks 39'd, 39 "d come into contact with the insulating sleeve 2 and the (further) spring 23d is pressed down, the centering on the first longitudinal center plane Y and the conductor being strengthened 1 is constricted. The contacting elements 17'd, 17 "penetrate into the insulating sleeve 2 and then to a small extent into the conductor 1. As the cover moves further in the direction of arrow A, the extension spring 15d is also pressed down until its upper legs come to rest against the common lower leg in the region of the 90 ° bend (stop 21d). When the movement continues, the contacting elements 17'd, 17 "d penetrate into the conductor 1 to the desired extent, whereupon the catches 28'd, 28" d engage in the latching openings 37d, 38d and prevent further movement and the terminal in hold the clamped position.

The third embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 14-16 has a clamping body 3e, which is in principle shaped as a rectangular tube, the cover (first narrow side) 5e of which contains a threaded bore with a screw 60e as the clamping element of the clamp, and at the base (second narrow side) 6e a counter pressure piece 40e is formed with contact edges 39'e, 39 "e, as was explained for the second embodiment. The contact pressure piece 16e has the shape of a rod with a rectangular cross section, from which a guide arm 58e and the contacting element 17e protrude downward.

Between the free end of the screw 60e and the top of the contact pressure piece 16e extends substantially parallel to the two th longitudinal median plane X and approximately filling the inner width of the clamp body 3e the common part 59e of a combined spiral spring. This is divided into three springs parallel to the first longitudinal central plane Y on each side of the transverse central plane Z. The central spring forms the adjustment spring 15e for the contact pressure piece 16e. The outer springs 60e each extend downward between the side wall of the terminal housing 3e and the contact pressure piece 16e. The springs 61e located on the same sides of the transverse center plane Z are combined in a jaw 25e with downward-facing contact surfaces 26e at a distance from the underside of the contact pressure piece 16e.

When the screw 60e is actuated, the line is centered by the jaws 25e acting on it and bundled in cooperation with the contact edges 39'e, 39 "e, whereupon the contacting element 17e, which is in the form of a sharp-edged lens, begins to penetrate into the line, the the force required for this is first transmitted via the repositioning spring 15e and then via a stop 21e between the common spring part 59e and the upper side of the contact pressure piece 16e.

In the fourth embodiment of the clamp, shown in FIGS. 18 and 17, the base 4f is formed from a stamped sheet metal part and contains a flat, rectangular base part 6f parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X, on the two longitudinal sides 7, 8 of which over 90 ° Bends in their basic form also connect flat and rectangular side parts 9f, 10f, which thus extend to both sides of the first longitudinal center plane Y and parallel to it. From the end faces 11 and 12 of the base part 6f protrude integrally molded tongues 13f, which are each bent 180 ° hairpin-shaped inwards between the side parts 9f, 10f so that their essentially flat end sections are spaced parallel to the inner surface of the base part 6f and that a distance also remains between their ends to be pointed towards one another. Each tongue 13f represents a spiral spring and the two tongues together form an extension spring 15f effective perpendicular to the second longitudinal center plane X.

On this repositioning spring, namely on the surfaces of the end sections of the tongue 13f facing away from the base part 6f, there is a contact pressure piece, designated in its entirety with 16f, which consists of electrically highly conductive material and the shape of a rectangular strip approximately corresponding to the size of the base part 6f has, which is arranged with play between the side parts 9f, 10f. The contact pressure piece 16f extends on one side by means of an offset into a connecting lug 16 ', which leads to a device (not shown) to be connected to the terminal or to a further terminal.

A contacting element 17f formed by a prismatic rib projects from the contact pressure piece 16f in the direction of the cover 5f, the cutting-like central edge of which lies in the first longitudinal central plane Y and extends on both sides of the transverse central plane with an overall length which is greater than the minimum diameter of the conductor to be contacted 1 and is preferably 3 times this diameter. The angle between the surfaces of the rib forming the cutting edge is less than or equal to 45 °. As in the other embodiments, the hardness of the rib must be greater than the hardness of the conductor 1 to be contacted.

Each side part 9f, 10f has two groups of inwardly bent tabs, which, as explained in more detail for the first embodiment, form a first and second stop 21f, 20f, which limit the stroke of the contact pressure piece 16f and the adjustment spring 15f.

By punch cuts from each side part 9f, 10f two strip-shaped bending springs 23f acting as pivoting levers are separated out so that they only with lines 22f, which are adjacent to the front ends of the base 4f and lie in planes parallel to the transverse central plane, with the remaining material of the side parts related. The bending springs 23f are bent inwards by 90 ° at their free ends and, with their end sections, form jaws 25f with contact surfaces 26f running parallel to the first longitudinal center plane Y, which are followed by contact surfaces 26'f designed as inclined surfaces at the top.

The free end of each side part 9f, 10f has rectangular notches on both sides, such that each side part is formed with a rectangular tongue 9'f, 10 'between lower end edges, which together form a surface 27f lying in a plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X. f extended. An outwardly protruding nose is formed in each tongue by deformation. All lugs lie in a common plane parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X and form first notches 28f, which can be brought into engagement with second notches explained later.

The cover 5f is designed analogously to the first embodiment or its modification according to FIGS. 4-6 and therefore requires no further explanation.

Apart from the staggered arrangement of the tongues in the cover 5f, the clamp is completely symmetrical, both with regard to the first longitudinal center plane Y and with respect to the transverse center plane.

When inserting a line, the conductor 1 of the jaws 18f, regardless of the diameter of the insulating sleeve 2, is centered and compressed with respect to the first longitudinal center plane Y, so that the contacting element 17f penetrates centrally into the insulating sleeve 2 and the conductor when it is on the cover 5f a pressure in the direction of arrow A is exerted.

The fifth embodiment of the terminal illustrated in FIGS. 19-23 is intended for the one-time (no longer detachable) connection of a line having a multi-wire conductor 1. A tool, preferably a specially designed crimping tool, is required to make the connection.

In all its parts, the clamp consists of a one-piece stamped sheet metal part deformed by bending. Its clamp body 3g has a flat base part 6g parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X, on the longitudinal sides 7,8 of which parallel to the clamp longitudinal axis 0 and 90 ° bends each have a flat rectangular side part 9g, 10g formed symmetrically to the transverse central axis Z. The side parts 9g, 10g thus extend parallel to the first longitudinal center plane Y and on different sides of this plane and are equidistant from it, the distance between their inner surfaces to be mutually corresponding essentially corresponds to the predetermined maximum value of the diameter of the insulating sleeve 2. This means that the distance is to be dimensioned such that a line having this diameter can be introduced between the side parts 9g, 10g with relatively little effort and with moderate deformation of the insulating sleeve 2, or that a minimal play remains that the line can be inserted without Force required.

One side part 9g continues in the middle (ie on both sides of the transverse center plane Z) to its free longitudinal side 7 'parallel to the long side 7' with a rectangular narrow tongue 9'g, the height of which is smaller than the distance between the side parts 9g, 10g, but is greater than half this distance.

The other side part 10g has a height (distance between the long sides 8 and 8 ') that is smaller by its thickness than the height of the one side part 9g and has a width, measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp, that of the one side part 9g about twice its thickness. This other side part 10g continues in the middle (ie on both sides of the transverse center plane Z) to its free longitudinal side 8 'parallel to the long side 8' with a rectangular tongue 10'g, the height of which almost corresponds to the distance between the side parts 9g, 10g, while their width measured in the direction of the terminal longitudinal axis 0 is approximately twice its thickness smaller than the width of the one side part 9g. Approximately in the middle of its surface, the tongue 10'g contains a rectangular opening 50g. Starting from each end face, two short cuts 51g, parallel to the longitudinal axis 0 of the clamp, are provided in the tongue 10'g, between each of which a tab remains, which, as will be explained in more detail later, forms a counter-pressure piece 40g in the clamped position, contact edges being formed by a triangular notch 39'g, 39 "g are formed.

The clamp body 3g also contains on each end face two partially overlapping end pieces which run parallel to the transverse center plane Z and which, with a gap to the base part 6g, connect through 90 ° bends to the side parts 9g and 10g. These end parts form later explained pairs of jaws 25g with contact surfaces 26g which are held immovably on the clamp body 3g. The contact surfaces 26g belonging to a pair of jaws run in the region of the contacting element 17g parallel to the first longitudinal center plane Y and in each case at the same distance therefrom. Their mutual distance is smaller than the predetermined minimum value of the diameter of the metallic conductor 1 to be contacted. Above the area of the contacting element 17g, i.e. The parallel contact surfaces 26g merge into guide surfaces 26'g which expand continuously up to the side parts 9g, 10g over a plane which is laid through its cutting edge and is parallel to the second longitudinal center plane X.

At one end, the base part 6g continues into a connecting lug 16 'which establishes the electrical connection of the terminal with another terminal or a device to be connected. On the other end face, the base part 6g continues in a tongue which has a slightly smaller width than the base part 6a. A first section of this tongue has approximately the shape of a hairpin (one leg of which simultaneously forms the base part 6g) and represents a repositioning spring 15g which, with its part curved by approximately 180 °, follows one of the pair of jaws 25g facing away from the connecting lug 16 ' protrudes on the outside and re-enters the inside of the clamp with its approximately straight other leg through the gap between the pair of jaws and the base part 6g. This further leg is followed by a further straight part, which is approximately in the transverse center plane Z and is approximately 90 ° and forms the contact pressure piece 16g of the clamp. This tapers at its free end to an edge located in the first longitudinal center plane Y, this tapering part forming the contacting element 17g of the contact pressure piece intended for penetration into the conductor 1.

In Fig. 21, the contact pressure piece 16g and the spring 15g is illustrated with solid lines in the clamping position, while the dash-dotted line shows the position of these parts in the receiving position of the clamp. This Fig. 21 shows that between the 90 ° bend connecting the contact pressure piece with the repositioning spring and the base part 6g a first stop 21g is formed which limits the path of the contact pressure piece relative to the rest of the terminal housing in the compression in the repositioning spring, and that a stop acting in the opposite direction there is a second stop 20g between the approximately straight part (leg) of the repositioning spring 15g and the one pair of jaws 25g.

To connect a line this is in the Clamp (FIG. 19) in the receiving position is inserted from above and is then located between the tongues 9'g, 10'g and lies against the widening guide surfaces 26'g of the jaws 25g. The line is then pressed deeper into the clamp in the direction of arrow A using pliers or a specially designed instrument, the conductor 1 being centered and compressed first by the guide surfaces 26'g and then by the contact surfaces 26g with respect to the first longitudinal center plane Y ( is constricted).

During this process, the contacting element 17g begins to penetrate into the insulating sleeve 2 and then into the conductor 1, the force required for this penetration increasing progressively. If this force reaches a certain value, the second stop 20g (FIG. 21) is lifted and the extension spring 15g is increasingly compressed until finally the first stop 21g takes effect and prevents further movement of the contact pressure piece 16g with its contacting element 17g. The force exerted on the line in the direction of arrow A is thus fully effective for the penetration of the contacting element 17g into the conductor 1 (apart from frictional forces on the guide surfaces 26g), so that the contacting element penetrates deeply into the conductor.

Subsequently, the tongue 10'g is first bent inwards by approximately 90 ° in the direction of arrow B 'using a specially designed crimping pliers, then tongue 9'g in the direction of arrow B ", the free end of which continues into the opening 50g The two tabs of the tongue 10'g are simultaneously or subsequently bent inwards by approximately 45 °, the contact edges 39'g, 39 "g being able to penetrate to the conductor 1 while penetrating the insulating sleeve 2. The aforementioned, bent-in components, in their entirety, form a counter pressure piece 40g to the contact pressure piece and, together with the contact surfaces 26g, also form part of the centering and constricting device of the clamp.

The clamp in the clamped position is illustrated in FIGS. 20-23. If the conductor 1 shows the tendency to become detached from the contacting element 17g over time, although it is practically made impossible for it to evade by the counter pressure piece and the contact surfaces 26g, the adjustment spring adjusts the contact pressure piece with the contacting element 17g, thereby introducing Take off from the first stop 21g.

During the clamping process, the line is centered on the first longitudinal center plane Y before the contacting element touches the line or before the contacting element has penetrated so far into the line that a subsequent position correction is no longer or only with great effort and / or with greater destruction of the conductor 1 can take place. The aim of this centering is to provide an optimal position of the metallic conductor of the line in relation to the contacting element, so that the contacting element (with its tip, which is preferably located in the first longitudinal center plane) meets the circumference of the conductor in the center.

During the centering, the line is also constricted, i.e. the line is compressed with several forces directed in the direction of the line longitudinal axis L. The aim of this constriction is to make the centering more effective, even if, for example, the insulating sleeve has lower or non-uniform mechanical deformation resistance at higher temperatures and, if the line contains a multi-wire metallic conductor, the individual wires are better bundled so that they are connected with a Apply sufficient pressure to the contacting element for good contact.

The centering and constriction of the line is maintained until the contacting process is complete (the contacting element has assumed its intended positions within the conductor) and is also maintained as long as the clamp is in the clamping position. The aim of this measure is to transfer the contacting element into the most advantageous (central) position within the conductor (also with the repositioning explained below).

After completing the contacting process and as long as the clamp is in the clamped position, the contact pressure piece is held under a spring preload in the direction of the counter pressure piece by means of a spring member specially provided for this purpose, spring travel being provided which is greater than the spring travel which is due to the elastic properties of all known materials, even in the case of components which are not specially shaped for their spring action, inevitably also results in known clamps to a small extent. The aim of this measure is to maintain a low contact resistance between the contacting element and the conductor, even if the conductor or if a part of the insulating sleeve located between the conductor and the counter pressure piece deforms over time and / or tries to lift off from the contacting element, for example by Cold flow, heat, shocks to the terminal or external forces acting on the line.

A stop is provided which limits the bending path of the extension spring and the stroke of the contact pressure piece and which is arranged and designed such that when it comes into effect the contacting element assumes a position in the terminal which corresponds to the intended final position of the contacting element in the conductor in the clamping position corresponds to the clamp. The purpose of the stop is pursued, on the one hand, for the deep penetration of the contacting element To provide sufficient force on the contact pressure piece carrying it and, on the other hand, to provide a reliable indication by the activation of the stop that there is sufficient contact between the contacting element and the conductor.

Claims (21)

1. A terminal for the electrically conducting connection of a lead (1) without prior removal of ts insulating sleeve (2), the diameter of which is equal to or smaller than a predetermined maximum value and which surrounds a single- or multiple-wire metallic conductor which is at least approximately circular in cross-section and the diameter of which is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum value, the terminal having a clamping space which is open at least towards one of its end faces and into which a longitudinal portion of the lead (1) to be connected can be introduced and the longitudinal axis of the terminal being defined by the longitudinal axis of a longitudinal lead portion of a kind whose insulating sleeve (2) has a diameter in accordance with the predetermined maximum value and which is arranged in the clamping space of the terminal, which is in the receiving position, and the terminal comprising a terminal body (3a),

- at least one contact pressure piece (16a - 16g), having in each case at least one tapering or wedge-shaped contacting element (17a - 17g) which is intended for piercing the insulating sleeve and penetrating into the conductor and the tip or cutting edge of which lies in a longitudinal centre plane of the terminal containing the longitudinal axis of the terminal,

- at least one counter pressure piece (40a - 40g) held on the clamping body, the contact pressure piece or pieces (16a - 16g) being arranged on one side of a second longitudinal centre plane passing perpendicularly through the first longitudinal centre plane in the longitudinal axis of the terminal, and the counter pressure piece or pieces (40a - 40g) being arranged on the other side of said second longitudinal centre plane,

- and a clamping element by means of which, starting from the receiving position, in which their spacing is greater than the maximum value of the outside diameter of the insulating sleeve, the contact pressure pieces (16a - 16g) and counter pressure pieces (40a - 40g) can be brought into and fixed in a clamping position, in which their spacing is smaller than the minimum value of the diameter of the conductor, characterized in that each contact pressure piece (16a - 16g) and/or counter pressure piece (40a - 40g) is supported on the component supporting it via a resetting spring (15a - 15g) transmitting the actuating force of the clamping element, in that a first stop (21 a - 21g) which comes into engagement after a predetermined deformation path of the resetting spring, at least partially bridges the latter and assumes a force transmission to the contact pressure piece (16a - 16g) or the counter pressure piece (40a - 40g) is provided for each resetting spring (15a - 15g), and in that a centring and constricting device for the lead (1, 2), said device having cheeks (25a - 25g; 40a - 40g) with at least three bearing faces or edges directed towards the insulating sleeve (2), is provided next to the contact pressure and counter pressure piece (16a - 16g; 40a - 40g), at least one bearing face being arranged on each side of the first longitudinal centre plane (Y) and at least one cheek being formed by the counter pressure piece (40a - 40g).

2. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two cheeks (25a, 25b, 25d, 25e) are in each case arranged on one swivelling lever.

3. A terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that the swivelling levers are designed as bending springs.

4. A terminal according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least two cheeks arranged moveably on both sides of the first longitudinal centre plane (Y) and in the region of the second longitudinal centre plane (X) are coupled to one another and to the clamping element via a drive mechanism and in that, upon actuation of the clamping element producing a movement of the contact pressure piece and counter pressure piece from the receiving position into the clamping position, the cheeks approach the first longitudinal centre plane (Y).

5. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one cheek (25g) held im- moveably on the terminal body (3g) is arranged on each side of the first longitudinal centre plane (Y).

6. A terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that, measured in each case in the same plane parallel to the second longitudinal centre plane (X), the bearing faces (26g) of the im- moveable cheeks (25g) exhibit the same distances from the first longitudinal centre plane (Y), in that, in the region of the second longitudinal centre plane (X), this distance exhibits a maximum value equal to or greater than half the predetermined maximum value for the diameter of the insulating sleeve (2) and in that, in the region of the contacting element (17g), this distance decreases to a minimum value smaller than half the predetermined minimum value for the diameter of the conductor (1) of the lead to be contacted.

7. A terminal according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, in the region of the contacting element (17g), the bearing faces (26g) extend parallel to the first longitudinal centre plane (Y).

8. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the resetting spring (15a, 15b, 15d, 15e, 15g, 15f) is formed by at least one strip- shaped bending spring.

9. A terminal according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the resetting spring (15a, 15b, 15d, 15f, 15g) is designed as a formed sheet part joined integrally to one part of the terminal housing (3a, 3b, 3d, 3f, 3g).

10. A terminal according to claim 8, characterized in that the resetting spring (15a, 15b, 15d, 15f, 15g) is bent in the form of a hairpin.

11. A terminal according to claim 1, 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that the stop (21 b, 21 d, 21 g) is formed directly on one component part of the resetting spring (15b, 15d, 15g).

12. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the resetting spring (15a, 15b, 15d, 15f, 15g) is arranged between a component part of the terminal housing (3a, 3b, 3d, 3f, 3g) and the contact pressure piece (16a, 16b, 16d, 16f, 16g) mounted moveably relative to this component part.

13. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the resetting spring (15e) is arranged between the free thread-side end of an actuating screw screwed into the terminal housing (3e) and the contact pressure piece (16e) mounted moveably relative to this terminal housing.

14. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pressure piece (40c, 40d, 40e, 40g) in each case has bearing edges or faces extending at least approximately tangentially relative to the insulating sleeve (2) and arranged at an angle to one another.

15. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter pressure piece (40g) is connected via a part deformable by bending to the terminal body (3g), it being possible to bring the terminal from its receiving position into its clamping position by bending this part.

16. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (21a, 21f) is formed between the moveable contact pressure piece (16a, 16f) and the terminal housing (3a, 3f).

17. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the terminal body (3a, 3b, 3d, 3f) comprises a base (4a, 4b, 4d, 4f) and a cover (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5f) and in that the cover engages over the outside of the lateral parts of the base by downward-projecting edge parts substantially parallel to the first longitudinal centre plane (Y).

18. A terminal according to claims 4 and 7, characterized in that the edge parts end in oblique faces (35a, 36a) and in that the oblique faces (35a, 36a) can be brought into engagement with other oblique faces (24a) which are arranged on the swivelling levers (23a) bearing the cheeks (23a) at a distance from the swivelling axes of said swivelling levers, and in that these oblique faces form the drive mechanism of the cheeks.

19. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the contacting element (17a - 17g) comprises a material which has a Brinell hardness of at least 120 kp/mm^2.

20. A terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the contacting element (17a - 17g) is formed by a rib, the side faces of which intersect at an angle of less than 90° in an edge which faces the counter pressure piece and lies in the first longitudinal centre plane (Y).

21. A terminal according to claim 1 or 20, characterized in that the contacting element is a lens-shaped body divided in its longitudinal axis.

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