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EP0296630B1 - Hotwaterheater - Google Patents

Hotwaterheater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296630B1
EP0296630B1 EP88110150A EP88110150A EP0296630B1 EP 0296630 B1 EP0296630 B1 EP 0296630B1 EP 88110150 A EP88110150 A EP 88110150A EP 88110150 A EP88110150 A EP 88110150A EP 0296630 B1 EP0296630 B1 EP 0296630B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
container
cold water
water heater
storage container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88110150A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0296630A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Grabietz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberl Heidemarie
GRABIETZ, JOACHIM
Original Assignee
Eberl Heidemarie
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberl Heidemarie filed Critical Eberl Heidemarie
Publication of EP0296630A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296630A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296630B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296630B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/202—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with resistances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0073—Arrangements for preventing the occurrence or proliferation of microorganisms in the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F24H9/13—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes for water heaters
    • F24H9/139—Continuous flow heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot water heater with a storage tank through which water flows, with a cold water inlet in the lower tank area and a hot water outlet in the upper tank area, and with a heating element arranged in the storage tank.
  • a storage hot water heater with a lower hot water inlet and an upper hot water outlet and a heating control thermostat is known, for the purpose of rendering harmless of bacteria present in the water, the thermostat is arranged in the upper area of the storage tank and is set to a switching temperature of 80 ° C.
  • This measure is intended to ensure that in the upper region of the storage tank, the hot water in this zone is guaranteed to be heated to temperatures of around 80 ° C. at which the harmful bacteria are killed.
  • the heating of all escaping process water to values around 80 ° C can be counteracted by the problem of bacterial multiplication, but this solution is not suitable for the large number of low-temperature systems in use, and it does not prevent the multiplication of bacteria in sludge deposits in the Bottom area of the process water tank, so that there is still the risk of bacteria infiltrating the process water if, for example, the temperature in the upper tank area drops significantly due to a fault.
  • a water reservoir which has in its lower region a water inlet directed towards the bottom of the water reservoir, a heating element arranged above the water inlet and a water outlet arranged in the upper region of the water reservoir.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the formation and multiplication of bacteria, in particular Legionella, in a hot water heater of the type specified by simple measures which do not require any additional energy expenditure and, above all, to exclude the dangers arising from deposits and sediment formation in dead spaces.
  • a hot water heater with a storage tank through which water flows a cold water inlet in the lower tank area, a hot water drain in the upper tank area, a heating element arranged in the storage tank and a cold water drain in the lower tank area is used in such a way that all cold service water is removed from the cold water drain in the lower tank area during operation.
  • the cold water inlet is directed to the bottom of the storage tank by means of a pipe bend in the lower tank area, a deflection part being arranged in front of the outlet opening of the cold water inlet.
  • the cold water drain is then preferably arranged below the deflection part on the bottom of the storage container.
  • the heating element is arranged above the lower container area.
  • the endangered tank area 1 Due to the arrangement of the cold water inlet 4 and the cold water outlet 5 in the lower tank area 1, the endangered tank area 1 is always rinsed with fresh water and flows through, so that no sludge formation can occur.
  • the cold water inlet 4 is formed by a curved tube which opens out as a deflection part 3 in relation to a baffle plate. In this way, a particularly effective flushing of the end of the container at risk is ensured.
  • the total amount of cold water used is routed through the hot water heater shown, but at the same time the hot water is also generated.
  • the pressure level in the cold water area and in the hot water area is the same, which means fluctuating mixing temperatures at the consumer can be avoided.
  • the hot water heater covered with insulation 10 is equipped in the usual way with a thermostat 9, which makes it possible to regulate the hot water temperature to the desired value, in particular to about 60 °.
  • a thermometer 8 is provided in the usual way for visual checking of the respective temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Control For Baths (AREA)

Abstract

The development of bacteria and of germs, in particular of those which cause legionnaires' disease, in hot water heating, is prevented by the special cold water inflow inside the hot water heater. In this hot water heater, the entire cold water consumption is conducted through the hot water heater. At the same time, moreover, the pressure level in the cold water system and hot water system is the same, as a result of which the disadvantage of fluctuating mixing temperatures at the consumer is avoided. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Warmwassererwärmer mit einem von Wasser durchflossenen Speicherbehälter mit einem Kaltwasserzulauf im unteren Behälterbereich und einem Warmwasserablauf im oberen Behälterbereich und mit einem im Speicherbehälter angeordneten Heizelement.The invention relates to a hot water heater with a storage tank through which water flows, with a cold water inlet in the lower tank area and a hot water outlet in the upper tank area, and with a heating element arranged in the storage tank.

Es ist bekannt, daß in Anlagen zur Trinkwasserversorgung und insbesondere in Anlagen zur Warmwasserversorgung die Gefahr des Auftretens von Keimen und Bakterien besteht, die Infektionskrankheiten zur Folge haben könnten. Besonders gefährlich sind sogenannte Legionellen oder Legionärsbakterien, die beispielsweise bei Duschvorgängen eingeatmet werden und zu lebensgefährlichen Infektionen führen können.It is known that there is a risk of germs and bacteria occurring in plants for drinking water supply and in particular in plants for hot water supply, which could result in infectious diseases. So-called legionella or legionnaire's bacteria, which are inhaled during showering, for example, and can lead to life-threatening infections, are particularly dangerous.

Die Bildung und Vermehrung solcher Legionellen wird nicht nur durch die Temperatur in den üblichen Warmwassersystemen gefördert, sondern auch dadurch, daß in derartigen Systemen Toträume vorhanden sind, in denen Ablagerungen und Sedimentbildungen erfolgen, welche wiederum Nährböden für Bakterien darstellen und insbesondere auch die Vermehrung von Legionellen beschleunigen.The formation and multiplication of such Legionella is promoted not only by the temperature in the usual hot water systems, but also by the fact that in such systems there are dead spaces in which deposits and sedimentation occur, which in turn represent breeding grounds for bacteria and in particular also the multiplication of Legionella accelerate.

Es ist auch bekannt, daß die jeweilige Wassertemperatur einen wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Bakterienvermehrung besitzt, wobei als optimaler Bereich für eine solche unerwünschte Bakterienvermehrung ein Temperaturbereich zwischen 32°C und 42°C als optimal betrachtet wird. Eine Temperatur von etwa 25°C stellt eine untere Grenze für die Bakterienvermehrung dar, während bei Temperaturen über 80°C die Bakterien absterben.It is also known that the respective water temperature has a significant influence on the bacterial multiplication, a temperature range between 32 ° C. and 42 ° C. being regarded as the optimal range for such an undesired multiplication of bacteria. A temperature of around 25 ° C represents a lower limit for the multiplication of bacteria, while at temperatures above 80 ° C the bacteria die.

Aus der DE-OS 35 25 990 ist ein Speicherbrauchwassererwärmer mit einem unteren Brauchwasserzulauf und einem oberen Brauchwasserauslauf sowie einem die Aufheizung steuernden Thermostaten bekannt, bei dem zum Zwecke der Unschädlichmachung von im Wasser vorhandenen Bakterien der Thermostat im oberen Bereich des Speichers angeordnet und auf eine Schalttemperatur um 80°C eingestellt ist.From DE-OS 35 25 990 a storage hot water heater with a lower hot water inlet and an upper hot water outlet and a heating control thermostat is known, for the purpose of rendering harmless of bacteria present in the water, the thermostat is arranged in the upper area of the storage tank and is set to a switching temperature of 80 ° C.

Durch diese Maßnahme soll erreicht werden, daß im oberen Bereich des Speichers eine Aufheizung des Brauchwassers in dieser Zone auf Temperaturen um 80°C garantiert wird, bei denen die schädlichen Bakterien abgetötet werden. Durch die mit entsprechendem Energieeinsatz verbundene Aufheizung alles auslaufendes Brauchwassers auf Werte um 80°C kann zwar dem Problem der Bakterienvermehrung entgegengewirkt werden, aber diese Lösung eignet sich einerseits nicht für die Vielzahl der sich im Einsatz befindenden Niedertemperatursysteme und verhindert andererseits nicht die Bakterienvermehrung in Schlammablagerungen im Bodenbereich des Brauchwasserbehälters, so daß weiterhin die Gefahr der Einschleusung von Bakterien in das Brauchwasser besteht, wenn beispielsweise durch eine Störung die Temperatur im oberen Behälterbereich deutlich absinkt.This measure is intended to ensure that in the upper region of the storage tank, the hot water in this zone is guaranteed to be heated to temperatures of around 80 ° C. at which the harmful bacteria are killed. The heating of all escaping process water to values around 80 ° C can be counteracted by the problem of bacterial multiplication, but this solution is not suitable for the large number of low-temperature systems in use, and it does not prevent the multiplication of bacteria in sludge deposits in the Bottom area of the process water tank, so that there is still the risk of bacteria infiltrating the process water if, for example, the temperature in the upper tank area drops significantly due to a fault.

Aus der DE-A-30 12 590 ist ein Wasserspeicher bekannt, der in seinem unteren Bereich einen auf den Boden des Wasserspeichers gerichteten Wasserzulauf, ein über dem Wasserzulauf angeordnetes Heizelement sowie einen im oberen Bereich des Wasserspeichers angeordneten Wasserablauf aufweist.From DE-A-30 12 590 a water reservoir is known which has in its lower region a water inlet directed towards the bottom of the water reservoir, a heating element arranged above the water inlet and a water outlet arranged in the upper region of the water reservoir.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, bei einem Warmwassererwärmer der eingangs angegebenen Art durch einfache, zu keinem zusätzlichen Energieaufwand führende Maßnahmen die Bildung und Vermehrung von Bakterien, insbesondere Legionellen zu vermeiden und vor allem die von Ablagerungen und Sedimentbildungen in Toträumen herrührenden Gefahren auszuschließen.The object of the invention is to avoid the formation and multiplication of bacteria, in particular Legionella, in a hot water heater of the type specified by simple measures which do not require any additional energy expenditure and, above all, to exclude the dangers arising from deposits and sediment formation in dead spaces.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß ein Warmwasserwärmer mit einem von Wasser durchflossenen Speicherbehälter mit einem Kaltwasserzulauf im unteren Behälterbereich, einem Warmwasserablauf im oberen Behälterbereich, einem im Speicherbehälter angeordneten Heizelement und einem Kaltwasserablauf im unteren Behälterbereich in der Weise verwendet wird, daß im Betrieb das gesamte kalte Brauchwasser aus dem Kaltwasserablauf im unteren Behälterbereich entnommen wird.This object is achieved in that a hot water heater with a storage tank through which water flows a cold water inlet in the lower tank area, a hot water drain in the upper tank area, a heating element arranged in the storage tank and a cold water drain in the lower tank area is used in such a way that all cold service water is removed from the cold water drain in the lower tank area during operation.

Auf diese Weise wird durch den besonders gefährdeten unteren Behälterbereich die gesamte Menge des verbrauchten Kaltwassers geleitet und sichergestellt, daß sich kein stehendes Warmwasser und keine Ablagerungen bilden können, wodurch Bakterien jeglicher Nährboden entzogen und damit ein Bakterienwachstum verhindert wird.In this way, the entire amount of cold water used is passed through the particularly endangered lower container area and it is ensured that no standing hot water and no deposits can form, as a result of which bacteria remove any nutrient medium and thus prevent bacterial growth.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform eines Warmwassererwärmers zur erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung wird der Kaltwasserzulauf mittels eines Rohrkrümmers im unteren Behälterbereich auf den Boden des Speicherbehälters gerichtet, wobei vor der Austrittsöffnung des Kaltwasserzulaufs ein Umlenkteil angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise wird der Kaltwasserablauf dann unterhalb des Umlenkteils am Boden des Speicherbehälters angeordnet.In an advantageous embodiment of a hot water heater for use in accordance with the invention, the cold water inlet is directed to the bottom of the storage tank by means of a pipe bend in the lower tank area, a deflection part being arranged in front of the outlet opening of the cold water inlet. The cold water drain is then preferably arranged below the deflection part on the bottom of the storage container.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Warmwassererwärmers zur erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung wird das Heizelement oberhalb des unteren Behälterbereichs angeordnet.In a further preferred embodiment of a hot water heater for use according to the invention, the heating element is arranged above the lower container area.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert; die einzige Figur der Zeichnung zeigt eine schematische Längsschnittansicht eines Warmwassererwärmers nach der Erfindung.An embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing; the only figure of the drawing shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a hot water heater according to the invention.

Oberhalb eines Heizelementes 7 wird in einem oberen Behälterbereich 2 Warmwasser erzeugt, das aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Dichte von Kaltwasser und Warmwasser nicht in den von dem unteren Behälterbereich 1 gebildeten Kaltwasserbereich absinken kann.Above a heating element 7, hot water is generated in an upper container area 2, which due to the different density of cold water and hot water cannot sink into the cold water area formed by the lower container area 1.

Eine Mischung des kalten und warmen Wassers ist wegen der geringen Durchflußgeschwindigkeit beider Medien nicht möglich.Mixing the cold and warm water is not possible due to the low flow rate of both media.

Durch die Anordnung des Kaltwasserzulaufs 4 und des Kaltwasserablaufs 5 im unteren Behälterbereich 1 wird der gefährdete unter Behälterbereich 1 immer mit frischen Wasser gespült und durchflossen, so daß keine Schlammbildung auftreten kann.Due to the arrangement of the cold water inlet 4 and the cold water outlet 5 in the lower tank area 1, the endangered tank area 1 is always rinsed with fresh water and flows through, so that no sludge formation can occur.

Der Kaltwassserzulauf 4 ist von einem gekrümmten Rohr gebildet, das gegenüber einem Prallblech als Umlenkteil 3 mündet. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders wirksame Bespülung des gefährdeten Behälterbodens sichergestellt.The cold water inlet 4 is formed by a curved tube which opens out as a deflection part 3 in relation to a baffle plate. In this way, a particularly effective flushing of the end of the container at risk is ensured.

Durch den dargestellten Warmwassererwärmer wird die gesamte Menge des verbrauchten Kaltwassers geleitet, gleichzeitig aber auch das Warmwasser erzeugt. Dabei ist das Druckniveau im Kaltwasserbereich und im Warmwasserbereich gleich, wodurch schwankende Mischtemperaturen beim Verbraucher vermieden werden.The total amount of cold water used is routed through the hot water heater shown, but at the same time the hot water is also generated. The pressure level in the cold water area and in the hot water area is the same, which means fluctuating mixing temperatures at the consumer can be avoided.

Der mit einer Isolierung 10 ummantelte Warmwassererwärmer ist in üblicher Weise mit einem Thermostat 9 ausgestattet, der es ermöglicht, die Warmwassertemperatur auf den gewünschten Wert, insbesondere auf etwa 60° zu regeln. Zur visuellen Überprüfung der jeweiligen Temperatur ist in üblicher Weise ein Thermometer 8 vorgesehen.The hot water heater covered with insulation 10 is equipped in the usual way with a thermostat 9, which makes it possible to regulate the hot water temperature to the desired value, in particular to about 60 °. A thermometer 8 is provided in the usual way for visual checking of the respective temperature.

Claims (4)

  1. Use of a hot water heater comprising a storage container through which water flows, a cold water inlet (4) in the lower region of the container (1), a hot water outlet (6) in the upper region of the container (2), a heating element (7) arranged in the storage container and a cold water outlet (5) in the lower region of the container (1), in such a manner that in operation the total cold water needs are taken from the cold water outlet (5) in the lower region of the container (1).
  2. Hot water heater comprising a storage container through which water flows, a cold water inlet in the lower region of the container and directed towards the base of the storage container by means of a pipe bend in the lower region of the container (1), a hot water outlet (6) in the upper region (2) of the container, a heating element (7) arranged in the storage container, and a cold water outlet (5) in the lower region of the container (1), characterized in that a deflection part (3) is arranged in the storage container in front of the outlet opening of the cold water inlet (4).
  3. Hot water heater in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the cold water outlet (5) is arranged beneath the deflecting part (3) at the base of the storage container.
  4. Hot water heater in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the heating element (7) is arranged above the lower container region (1).
EP88110150A 1987-06-24 1988-06-24 Hotwaterheater Expired - Lifetime EP0296630B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3720900A DE3720900C2 (en) 1987-06-24 1987-06-24 HOT WATER HEATER.
DE3720900 1987-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296630A1 EP0296630A1 (en) 1988-12-28
EP0296630B1 true EP0296630B1 (en) 1991-10-16

Family

ID=6330213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88110150A Expired - Lifetime EP0296630B1 (en) 1987-06-24 1988-06-24 Hotwaterheater

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4940024A (en)
EP (1) EP0296630B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68587T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3720900C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2026604T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5054437A (en) * 1990-07-20 1991-10-08 Kale Hemant D Storage tank for water heaters and the like with collector outlet dip tube
CA2030976C (en) * 1990-11-28 1994-09-20 Andre Laperriere Domestic water heater designed to reduce the risks of bacterial contamination
EP1869469B1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2011-12-07 Phigenics, LLC Rapidly detecting and quantifying viable legionella
US7901932B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2011-03-08 Phigenics, Llc Methods and compositions for rapidly detecting and quantifying viable Legionella
CH706516B1 (en) 2012-05-15 2016-01-15 Remo Meister A method of operating a hot water supply system and hot water supply system for performing the method.
US10094592B2 (en) * 2015-10-26 2018-10-09 A. O. Smith Corporation Water heater with thermal break

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1779937A (en) * 1928-07-25 1930-10-28 Hudson Electrical Heating Corp Water heater
US1855077A (en) * 1931-05-06 1932-04-19 Joseph W Early Hot water boiler
US2041630A (en) * 1933-11-15 1936-05-19 Wright Alan Leslie Apparatus for heating liquids
US2151854A (en) * 1937-12-30 1939-03-28 Helen Elizabeth Redmond Liquid heater and vaporizer
AT223782B (en) * 1960-04-08 1962-10-10 Leopold Ing Mikschl Boilers, in particular central heating boilers
FR1299281A (en) * 1961-09-01 1962-07-20 Flii Del Magro S P A Improvements to electric water heaters
US3521604A (en) * 1968-01-29 1970-07-28 Smith Corp A O Vessel having a foam polyurethane outer layer
DE2550581A1 (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-05-12 Buderus Eisenwerk Storage type district heating system - has heat exchanger surrounding storage vessel base and fed by consumer return flow
DE3012590A1 (en) * 1980-04-01 1982-01-21 Küppersbusch AG, 4650 Gelsenkirchen Air outlet for hot water tank - is in domed top, with end of adjacent hot water discharge pipe at lower level (DK 9.11.81)
US4505231A (en) * 1984-03-15 1985-03-19 Apcom, Inc. Water heater construction with sediment removal means
DE3525990A1 (en) * 1985-07-20 1987-01-29 Buderus Ag Sanitary water heating tank
DE3641726A1 (en) * 1986-12-06 1988-06-09 Viessmann Werke Kg METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE MAINTENANCE AND PREPARATION OF HARMFUL GermS OF A HOT WATER VOLUME CONTAINED IN A HEATABLE SYSTEM, AND DEVICES FOR CARRYING OUT IT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3720900A1 (en) 1987-10-15
ES2026604T3 (en) 1992-05-01
US4940024A (en) 1990-07-10
DE3720900C2 (en) 1988-08-18
EP0296630A1 (en) 1988-12-28
ATE68587T1 (en) 1991-11-15

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