EP0296013B2 - Tubular construction - Google Patents
Tubular construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0296013B2 EP0296013B2 EP88401360A EP88401360A EP0296013B2 EP 0296013 B2 EP0296013 B2 EP 0296013B2 EP 88401360 A EP88401360 A EP 88401360A EP 88401360 A EP88401360 A EP 88401360A EP 0296013 B2 EP0296013 B2 EP 0296013B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- side elements
- raft
- sole
- lateral wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000114 Corrugated plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F5/00—Draining the sub-base, i.e. subgrade or ground-work, e.g. embankment of roads or of the ballastway of railways or draining-off road surface or ballastway drainage by trenches, culverts, or conduits or other specially adapted means
- E01F5/005—Culverts ; Head-structures for culverts, or for drainage-conduit outlets in slopes
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a liquid circulation channel with a flat bottom resting on a flat surface and packed, and made up of sections placed end to end and each formed of juxtaposed concrete wall elements.
- Such a conduit consists of tubular sections placed end to end each comprising at least one element to strike off substantially flat lying on the ground or else cast in place, two side elements placed on the side and on the other side of the floor and, in the case of a buried pipe, an arch element resting on the upper ends side elements to close the duct.
- side element includes a curved orientation wall general vertical and which connects tangentially, upwards with the arch element and downwards, at the horizontal, with the element to be written off so as to constitute a smooth wall whose curvature varies continuously .
- both side elements are each provided with stabilizing members which in the embodiment described in the patent, consist of studs with a cross section substantially triangular, distributed at the base of the element of side, each stud providing a flat support face which allows the side element to stand alone without scaffolding.
- the side elements are connected at their base with the elements to strike off with concrete joints constituting real keying, ensuring the joining of the whole.
- the lower edges of the side elements and the longitudinal edges of the raft are provided with reinforcements protruding waiting and, when placing the elements aside, we leaves a space between the longitudinal edges in which these frames intersect which are then embedded in a sealing mortar cast in place.
- the two elements of side are not connected to each other by a raft, this one being cast in place, thereafter.
- the liquid circulation channel consisting of sections laid end to end and resting on a laying surface (61) leveled and packed, each section being formed of prefabricated walls juxtaposed in concrete and comprising two side elements (2,2 ′) with side wall curved inwards and each bearing on the laying surface (61) by via a flat bottom stabilization member (7) allowing the side element to stand straight without scaffolding, and an element to write off supported by the side elements, in which each side element (2.2 ') is provided at its base with an enlarged sole (7) comprising two wings (71, 72) extending horizontally in console on either side of the side wall (20) of the element (2,2 '), the latter comprising a lower part (26) substantially vertical, perpendicular to said sole (7) and extended upwards by a part upper (21) curved inward, both wings (71, 72) of the extended sole (7) extending, respectively on widths (a1) inwards and (a2) outwards, the width (a2) being determined so that said side elements (2, 2
- the two side elements and the raft element are provided, respectively, along their longitudinal edges opposite thinned ends in the form of short consoles having, respectively, inverted profiles sparing faces longitudinal supports inclined at the same non-zero and non-right angle by relative to the vertical and, when installing the elements, the distance between the inner edges of the two east side elements less than the width of the raft element so that the facing short consoles overlap each other and that their inclined bearing faces apply two by two on top of each other, the short consoles provided along the inner edges of the side elements pass over short consoles of the longitudinal edges of the element of delisting said consoles having a profile and determined mechanical characteristics of way to allow them to transmit to the element to write off subjected to the weight of water at least part of the elements' overturning efforts next to.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically, in perspective, a channel according to the invention.
- a mode of realization of circulation of liquid and in particular of channels irrigation can have a very large cross section .
- Such a channel is made up of sections placed end to end and each comprising a element to write off 1 with a flat bottom resting on the two elements side 2.
- the upper part curved 21 of the side wall 20 of each element side 2 connects to a lower part 26 consisting of a vertical wall element centered on a support sole 7 which constitutes the base of the element 2 facing lower plane 70 and includes two wings 71, 72, extending symmetrically inward and toward the exterior, on either side of the vertical lower part 26 of wall 20, respectively over distances a1 and a2 from the median plane of the wall 26, every element side 2 is provided at its base with an enlarged sole 7 comprising two wings 71, 72 extending horizontally on either side of the vertical side wall 26.
- the distance a1 is determined according to the height h of element 2 and its shape curved towards inside to prevent overturning the inside of the side element 2 when the latter is placed on the installation surface 61.
- the width a2 of the outer wing 72 is determined so as to prevent the outward overturning of the side element 2.
- the channel thus formed which can be used for the circulation of water or other liquid 14 can either be open up or covered of a curved element 36 which, not having to support embankment , is carried out in a light way, for example in a corrugated plastic so as to have a certain stiffness.
- a cover 36 protects the water transported against pollution and reduces the risk of evaporation by especially if the plastic used is opaque.
- the side 2 elements exert on the ground simply corresponding to their own weight and which is distributed over the entire surface bottom 70 of sole 7.
- the conduit is not normally placed in a trench but in a simple embedding to reach the right floor. The risk of vertical thrust on the raft 1 under the effect of the water table is therefore reduced and the floor is subject to essentially charged with the water 14 transported.
- support soles 7 widened towards the exterior allows the side 2 elements to resist the thrust of water acting on the side walls 20 which, in this case, are not connected to each other by an element arch.
- the thrust of water on the inner wings 71 also improves stability and, in the event that uses longitudinal joints with short applied brackets one on the other, determines a compression of the joint 45 which promotes sealing.
- each end 4 of an element of side 2 is tapered at an angle to form a short console of substantially triangular cross-section leaving one face longitudinal 41 inclined at a non-zero and non-right angle A with respect to vertically.
- Each end 5 of the raft 2 is thinned by the same way but in reverse and therefore has one side longitudinal 51 inclined at the same angle A with respect to the vertical.
- Consoles 4 and 5 therefore have profiles reversed and can overlap each other when laid elements.
- a seal 45 in the form of a thin strip continuous, is interposed, if necessary, between the faces inclined 41 and 51, so as to seal the leads both outward and inward.
- Consoles 5 housed along the longitudinal edges of the raft 1 cover the brackets 4 constituting the internal edges of the sole 7 of the side elements 2. The latter resist therefore to the effects of overturning outwards under the thrust of the water 14, on the one hand thanks to the parts 72 of the sole 7 projecting outwards and covered by the embankment R, and on the other hand thanks to the blocking effect of the write off 1 itself subjected to the weight of the water transported.
- the shape curved inward side elements 2 also promotes stability in reducing the value of the horizontal thrust force of liquids.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention a pour objet un canal de circulation de liquide à fond plat reposant sur une surface de pose aplanie et tassée, et constituée de tronçons mis bout à bout et formés chacun d'éléments de parois juxtaposés en béton.The subject of the invention is a liquid circulation channel with a flat bottom resting on a flat surface and packed, and made up of sections placed end to end and each formed of juxtaposed concrete wall elements.
On connait déjà,notamment pour la construction de conduits de circulation de liquide , par exemple de réseaux d'assainissement , des procédés dans lesquels le conduit est constitué de tronçons mis bout à bout formés chacun d'éléments préfabriqués en béton qui s'appuient les uns sur les autres par leurs bords longitudinaux. Généralement , de tels dispositifs sont prévus pour des sections transversales ne dépassant pas 1 à 2 m2.Methods are already known, in particular for the construction of liquid circulation conduits, for example sewerage networks, in which the conduit consists of sections placed end to end each formed of prefabricated concrete elements which are supported by on each other by their longitudinal edges. Generally, such devices are provided for cross sections not exceeding 1 to 2 m 2 .
Cependant, le déposant a déjà proposé un nouveau système de construction permettant de réaliser des conduits ayant une section transversale beaucoup plus grande , pouvant même dépasser 100 m2 et utilisables par conséquent pour la construction de passages souterrains pour la circulation de véhicules , la dérivation d'une rivière sous un remblai etc .However, the applicant has already proposed a new construction system making it possible to produce conduits having a much larger cross section, which may even exceed 100 m 2 and therefore usable for the construction of underground passages for the circulation of vehicles, the derivation of 'a river under an embankment etc.
Un tel conduit est constitué de tronçons tubulaires mis bout à bout comprenant chacun au moins un élément de radier sensiblement plan posé sur le sol ou bien coulé en place , deux éléments de côté placés de part et d'autre du radier et , dans le cas d'un conduit enterré , un élément de voûte reposant sur les extrémités supérieures des éléments de côté de façon à fermer le conduit.Chaque élément de côté comprend une paroi incurvée d'orientation générale verticale et qui se raccorde tangentiellement , vers le haut avec l'élément de voûte et vers le bas , à l'horizontale, avec l'élément de radier de façon à constituer une paroi lisse dont la courbure varie de façon continue .Such a conduit consists of tubular sections placed end to end each comprising at least one element to strike off substantially flat lying on the ground or else cast in place, two side elements placed on the side and on the other side of the floor and, in the case of a buried pipe, an arch element resting on the upper ends side elements to close the duct. side element includes a curved orientation wall general vertical and which connects tangentially, upwards with the arch element and downwards, at the horizontal, with the element to be written off so as to constitute a smooth wall whose curvature varies continuously .
Par ailleurs, selon l'une des caractéristiques essentielles de la demande Européenne 00 81 402, les deux éléments de côté sont munis chacun d'organes de stabilisation qui , dans le mode de réalisation décrit dans le brevet , sont constitués par des plots à section sensiblement triangulaire, répartis à la base de l'élément de côté , chaque plot ménageant une face d'appui plane qui permet à l'élément de côté de se tenir debout seul sans échafaudage. De la sorte, lors de la construction d'un tronçon de la structure , on pose tout d'abord un élément de radier dans le prolongement de la partie déjà construite puis les deux éléments de côté , de part et d'autre du radier , et enfin l'élément de voûte qui repose sur les deux éléments de côté .Furthermore, according to one of the characteristics of European application 00 81 402, both side elements are each provided with stabilizing members which in the embodiment described in the patent, consist of studs with a cross section substantially triangular, distributed at the base of the element of side, each stud providing a flat support face which allows the side element to stand alone without scaffolding. So, when building a section of the structure, we first put an element to write off in the extension of the already built part then the two elements on either side of the raft, and finally the arch element which rests on the two elements of side.
Dans le mode de réalisation connu précédemment, les éléments de côté sont reliés à leur base avec les éléments de radier par des joints bétonnés constituant de véritables clavages , assurant la solidarisation de l'ensemble. A cet effet, les bords inférieurs des éléments de côté et les bords longitudinaux du radier sont munis d'armatures dépassant en attente et, à la pose des éléments de côté , on laisse entre les bords longitudinaux en vis-à-vis un espace dans lequel s'entrecroisent ces armatures qui sont ensuite noyées dans un mortier de scellement coulé en place .In the previously known embodiment, the side elements are connected at their base with the elements to strike off with concrete joints constituting real keying, ensuring the joining of the whole. For this purpose, the lower edges of the side elements and the longitudinal edges of the raft are provided with reinforcements protruding waiting and, when placing the elements aside, we leaves a space between the longitudinal edges in which these frames intersect which are then embedded in a sealing mortar cast in place.
De la sorte, la charge appliquée sur l'élément de voûte et transmise aux éléments de côté peut être reprise par le radier et se répartit donc sur une surface importante. On obtient ainsi une amélioration considérable de la répartition des contraintes engendrées dans le sol.In this way, the load applied to the element of arch and transmitted to the side elements can be resumed through the raft and is therefore distributed over a large area. This results in a considerable improvement in the distribution stresses generated in the soil.
Cette solidarisation du radier avec la base des éléments de côté permet , en outre, à ces derniers, de ne pas s'écarter vers l'extérieur en s'ouvrant sous le poids de l'élément de voûte lorsque l'on pose ce dernier . C'est pourquoi , il est préférable de réaliser les joints bétonnés avant la pose des éléments de voûte . Cependant, la réalisation des joints peut retarder la construction du conduit puisqu'il faut attendre la prise du béton avant de poser l'élément de voûte . This joining of the raft with the base of side elements also allows them to not not move outward by opening under the weight of the arch element when the latter is installed. It is why, it is better to make concrete joints before installing the roof elements. However, the achievement joints can delay the construction of the duct since it is necessary to wait for the setting of the concrete before laying the arch element.
En outre, dans certains cas, les deux éléments de côté ne sont pas reliés l'un à l'autre par un radier, celui-ci étant coulé en place, par la suite.In addition, in some cases, the two elements of side are not connected to each other by a raft, this one being cast in place, thereafter.
Conformément à l'invention, le canal de circulation de liquide, constitué de tronçons mis bout à bout et reposant sur une surface de pose (61) aplanie et tassée, chaque tronçon étant formé d'éléments de parois préfabriqués juxtaposés en béton et comportant deux éléments de côté (2,2') à paroi latérale incurvée vers l'intérieur et prenant appui chacun sur la surface de pose (61) par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de stabilisation (7) à fond plan permettant à l'élément de côté de se tenir droit sans échafaudage, et un élément de radier en appui sur les éléments de côté, dans lequel chaque élément de côté (2,2') est muni à sa base d'une semelle élargie (7) comprenant deux ailes (71, 72) s'étendant horizontalement en console de part et d'autre de la paroi latérale (20) de l'élément (2,2') , cette dernière comprenant une partie inférieure (26) sensiblement verticale, perpendiculaire à ladite semelle (7) et prolongée vers le haut par une partie supérieure (21) incurvée vers l'intérieur, les deux ailes (71, 72) de la semelle élargie (7) s'étendant, respectivement sur des largeurs (a1) vers l'intérieur et (a2) vers l'extérieur, la largeur (a2) étant déterminée de façon que lesdits éléments de côté (2, 2') résistent par eux-mêmes à la poussée de l'eau s'exerçant sur les parois latérales (20).According to the invention, the liquid circulation channel, consisting of sections laid end to end and resting on a laying surface (61) leveled and packed, each section being formed of prefabricated walls juxtaposed in concrete and comprising two side elements (2,2 ′) with side wall curved inwards and each bearing on the laying surface (61) by via a flat bottom stabilization member (7) allowing the side element to stand straight without scaffolding, and an element to write off supported by the side elements, in which each side element (2.2 ') is provided at its base with an enlarged sole (7) comprising two wings (71, 72) extending horizontally in console on either side of the side wall (20) of the element (2,2 '), the latter comprising a lower part (26) substantially vertical, perpendicular to said sole (7) and extended upwards by a part upper (21) curved inward, both wings (71, 72) of the extended sole (7) extending, respectively on widths (a1) inwards and (a2) outwards, the width (a2) being determined so that said side elements (2, 2 ') resist by themselves the push of water acting on the side walls (20).
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, les deux éléments de côté et l'élément de radier sont munis, respectivement, le long de leurs bords longitudinaux en vis-à-vis d'extrémités amincies en forme de consoles courtes ayant, respectivement, des profils inversés ménageant des faces d'appui longitudinales inclinées d'un même angle non nul et non droit par rapport à la verticale et , à la pose des éléments , la distance entre les bords internes des deux éléments de côté est inférieure à la largeur de l'élément de radier de telle sorte que les consoles courtes en vis-à-vis se recouvrent mutuellement et que leurs faces d'appui inclinées s'appliquent deux à deux l'une sur l'autre, les consoles courtes ménagées le long des bords internes des éléments de côté passent au-dessus des consoles courtes des bords longitudinaux de l'élément de radier lesdites consoles ayant un profil et des caractéristiques mécaniques déterminés de façon à leur permettre de transmettre à l'élément de radier soumis au poids de l'eau au moins une partie des efforts de renversement des éléments de côté.In a particular embodiment, the two side elements and the raft element are provided, respectively, along their longitudinal edges opposite thinned ends in the form of short consoles having, respectively, inverted profiles sparing faces longitudinal supports inclined at the same non-zero and non-right angle by relative to the vertical and, when installing the elements, the distance between the inner edges of the two east side elements less than the width of the raft element so that the facing short consoles overlap each other and that their inclined bearing faces apply two by two on top of each other, the short consoles provided along the inner edges of the side elements pass over short consoles of the longitudinal edges of the element of delisting said consoles having a profile and determined mechanical characteristics of way to allow them to transmit to the element to write off subjected to the weight of water at least part of the elements' overturning efforts next to.
Mais l'invention sera mieux comprise par la description suivante de ces différents modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemple et représentés sur les dessins annexés . But the invention will be better understood by the description next of these different embodiments given by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings .
Fig.1 représente schématiquement, en perspective, un canal selon l'invention. Fig. 1 shows schematically, in perspective, a channel according to the invention.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un mode de réalisation de canaux de circulation de liquide et en particulier de canaux d'irrigation pouvant avoir une très grande section transversale .In Figure 1, a mode of realization of circulation of liquid and in particular of channels irrigation can have a very large cross section .
Un tel canal est constitué
de tronçons mis bout à bout et comprenant chacun un
élément de radier 1 à fond plan en appui sur les deux éléments
de côté 2. La partie supérieure
incurvée 21 de la paroi latérale 20 de chaque élément
de côté 2 se raccorde sur une partie inférieure 26
constituée d'un élément de paroi verticale centrée sur une
semelle d'appui 7 qui constitue la base de l'élément 2 à face
inférieure plane 70 et comprend deux ailes 71, 72 ,
s'étendant symétriquement vers l'intérieur et vers
l'extérieur, de part et d'autre de la partie inférieure verticale
26 de la paroi 20 , respectivement sur des distances
a1 et a2 à partir du plan médian de la paroi 26,
chaque élément
de côté 2 est muni à sa base d'une semelle élargie 7
comprenant deux ailes 71 , 72 s'étendant horizontalement de part et d'autre
de la paroi latérale verticale 26.Such a channel is made up
of sections placed end to end and each comprising a
element to write off 1 with a flat bottom resting on the two elements
side 2. The upper part
curved 21 of the
La distance a1 est déterminée en fonction de la
hauteur h de l'élément 2 et de sa forme incurvée vers
l'intérieur de façon à empêcher le renversement vers
l'intérieur de l'élément de côté 2 lorsque ce dernier est
placé sur la surface de pose 61.The distance a1 is determined according to the
height h of element 2 and its shape curved towards
inside to prevent overturning
the inside of the side element 2 when the latter is
placed on the
La largeur a2 de l'aile externe 72 est déterminée
de façon à empêcher le renversement vers l'extérieur de
l'élément de côté 2. Le canal ainsi formé,
qui peut servir à la circulation d'eau ou autre liquide 14
peut, soit être ouvert vers le haut, soit être recouvert
d'un élément incurvé 36 qui, n'ayant pas à supporter de remblai
, est réalisé d'une façon légère , par exemple en
une matière plastique ondulée de façon à avoir une certaine
raideur . Une telle couverture 36 protège l'eau transportée
contre la pollution et diminue les risques d'évaporation en
particulier si la matière plastique utilisée est opaque .The width a2 of the
D'ailleurs, ces risques sont également diminués
par la forme incurvée vers l'intérieur des éléments de côté
2 qui, à volume transporté égal, réduit la surface libre du
liquide 14.These risks are also reduced
by the inwardly curved shape of the side elements
2 which, for the same transported volume, reduces the free surface of the
On notera que, dans ce cas, les éléments de côté 2
exercent sur le sol une poussée correspondant simplement à
leur propre poids et qui se répartit sur toute la surface
inférieure 70 de la semelle 7 . D'autre part, le conduit
n'est normalement pas placé dans une tranchée mais dans un
simple encastrement permettant d'atteindre le bon sol. Le
risque de poussée verticale sur le radier 1 sous l'effet de
la nappe phréatique est donc réduit et le radier est soumis
essentiellement à la charge de l'eau 14 transportée.Note that, in this case, the side 2 elements
exert on the ground simply corresponding to
their own weight and which is distributed over the
L'utilisation de semelles d'appui 7 élargies vers
l'extérieur permet aux éléments de côté 2 de résister à la
poussée de l'eau s'exerçant sur les parois latérales 20 qui,
dans ce cas, ne sont pas reliées entre elles par un élément
de voûte .The use of support soles 7 widened towards
the exterior allows the side 2 elements to resist the
thrust of water acting on the
La poussée de l'eau sur les ailes internes 71
améliore également la stabilité et, dans le cas où l'on
utilise des joints longitudinaux à consoles courtes appliquées
l'une sur l'autre, détermine une compression du joint
45 qui favorise l'étanchéité .The thrust of water on the
Dans ce cas, chaque extrémité 4 d'un élément de côté 2 est amincie en biais pour former une console courte de section sensiblement triangulaire ménageant une face longitudinale 41 inclinée d'un angle A non nul et non droit par rapport à la verticale.In this case, each end 4 of an element of side 2 is tapered at an angle to form a short console of substantially triangular cross-section leaving one face longitudinal 41 inclined at a non-zero and non-right angle A with respect to vertically.
Chaque extrémité 5 du radier 2 est amincie de la
même façon mais en sens inverse et comporte donc une face
longitudinale 51 inclinée du même angle A par rapport à la
verticale . Les consoles 4 et 5 ont par conséquent des profils
inversés et peuvent se recouvrir mutuellement à la pose
des éléments.Each
Un joint d'étanchéité 45, en forme de bande mince
continue, est interposé, en cas de besoin, entre les faces
inclinées 41 et 51, de façon à assurer l'étanchéité du
conduit aussi bien vers l'extérieur que vers l'intérieur. Les consoles 5 ménagées
le long des bords longitudinaux du radier 1
recouvrent les consoles 4 constituant les bords internes de
la semelle 7 des éléments de côté 2. Ces derniers résistent
donc aux effets de renversement vers l'extérieur sous la
poussée de l'eau 14, d'une part grâce aux parties 72 de la
semelle 7 débordant vers l'extérieur et recouverte par le
remblai R, et d'autre part grâce à l'effet de blocage du
radier 1 soumis lui-même au poids de l'eau transportée. On
notera , d'ailleurs, que la forme incurvée vers l'intérieur
des éléments de côté 2 favorise également la stabilité en
réduisant la valeur de l'effort horizontal de poussée des
liquides.A seal 45, in the form of a thin strip
continuous, is interposed, if necessary, between the faces
inclined 41 and 51, so as to seal the
leads both outward and inward.
Claims (4)
- Liquid flowing channel consisting of sections placed end to end and resting on a flattened and compacted laying surface (61), each section being formed from juxtaposed concrete prefabricated wall elements and comprising two side elements (2,2') with an inwardly curved lateral wall and each bearing on the laying surface (61) by means of a flat-bottom stabilising member (7) allowing the side clement to stand upright without scaffolding, and a raft element bearing on the side elements, wherein each side element (2,2') is equipped, at its base, with a widened sole (7) comprising two wings (71, 72) which extend horizontally by projection on either side of the lateral wall (20) of the element (2,2'), the said lateral wall comprising a substantially vertical lower part (26) perpendicular to the said sole (7) and extended upwards by an inwardly curved upper part (21), the two wings (71,72) of the widened sole (7) extending respectively on widths (al) inwardly and (a2) outwardly, the width (a2) being provided such that the side elements (2,2') withstand by themselves to the water thrust applied on the lateral walls (20).
- Channel according to Claim 1 characterised in that the two side elements (2,2') and the raft element (1) are respectively equipped, along their mutually confronting longitudinal edges (22) (12), with thinned ends in the form of short brackets (4) (5) possessing, respectively, inverted profiles forming longitudinal bearing faces (41) (51) inclined at the same non-zero angle (A) relative to the vertical, and in that, at the laying of the elements (1,2), the distance (L) between the inner edges (40) of the two side elements (2,2') is smaller than the width (L') of the raft element (1), in such a way that the mutually confronting short brackets (4,5) overlap one another and that their inclined bearing faces (41,51) are laid two by two onto one another, the short brackets (4) of the side elements (2) passing below the short brackets (5) of the raft element (1) said brackets (4,5) having a profile and mechanical characteristics so determined as to allow them to transmit to the raft element (1) subjected to the water weight, at least a portion of the overturning strains of the side elements (2,2').
- Channel according to Claim 2 characterised in that a gasket is interposed between the bearing faces (41) (51), laid onto one another, of the said short brackets (4) (5).
- Channel according to one of Claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the channel is covered by a curved element (36) made of light material and resting on the upper ends (21) of the side elements (2) (2').
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88401360T ATE61075T1 (en) | 1987-06-05 | 1988-06-03 | TUBULAR STRUCTURE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/058,567 US4836714A (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1987-06-05 | Enclosed structures of very large cross-section, such as conduits, silos or shelters |
| US58567 | 1987-06-05 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0296013A1 EP0296013A1 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| EP0296013B1 EP0296013B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
| EP0296013B2 true EP0296013B2 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
Family
ID=22017626
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88401360A Expired - Lifetime EP0296013B2 (en) | 1987-06-05 | 1988-06-03 | Tubular construction |
| EP88401361A Expired - Lifetime EP0295175B2 (en) | 1987-06-05 | 1988-06-03 | Hollow structure with flat base plate |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88401361A Expired - Lifetime EP0295175B2 (en) | 1987-06-05 | 1988-06-03 | Hollow structure with flat base plate |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0296013B2 (en) |
| AT (2) | ATE61075T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3861826D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2021150T5 (en) |
| GR (2) | GR3001813T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2642110B1 (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1991-05-03 | Matiere Marcel | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A BURIED CONDUIT |
| FR2642109B1 (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1991-05-03 | Matiere Marcel | ELONGATE HOLLOW STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING |
| FR2684401B1 (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1998-10-02 | Sogea | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A TUBULAR ART WORK AND RELATED WORK. |
| FR2706498B1 (en) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-09-08 | Prefac | Method of making a vaulted structure under embankment, creating a passage. |
| ES2145641B1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 2001-03-01 | Armengoa Orus Jaime | PERFECTED STRUCTURE FOR THE FORMATION OF TUNNELS OR GALLERIES. |
| IT1281032B1 (en) | 1995-11-17 | 1998-02-11 | Carlo Chiaves | STRUCTURE OF AN UNDERGROUND WORKS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE RELIABATION OF TUNNELS, SUBWAYS, GARAGES OR SIMILAR, ITS PROCEDURE OF |
| FR2775704B1 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 2000-05-19 | Matiere Soc Civ De Brevets | CROSSING WORK UNDER FILL |
| GB9827304D0 (en) * | 1998-12-12 | 1999-02-03 | Glover Peter B M | A liquid retaining structure |
| IT1392942B1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2012-04-02 | Paver Costruzioni S P A | STRUCTURAL MODULE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED ARC GALLERIES |
| WO2012123593A1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-20 | Armatek Global Sl | Method for manufacturing cut-and-cover tunnels |
| CN102561219A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-11 | 孔民 | Open cut tunnel and culvert combination |
| CN103243664B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽水利开发股份有限公司 | The assembled steel reinforced concrete culvert component in large aperture |
| AT14917U1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-08-15 | Ge Projekterrichtungsgmbh | arch house |
| CN105926473B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-12-29 | 苏交科集团股份有限公司 | self-adjusting construction method of prefabricated culvert |
| US10518440B2 (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2019-12-31 | LowSpan LLC | Pre-stressed box culvert and methods for assembly thereof |
| US11059201B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2021-07-13 | LowSpan LLC | Pre-stressed box culvert and methods for assembly thereof |
| CN115354592A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-18 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Assembled culvert |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1441466A (en) * | 1920-09-21 | 1923-01-09 | Moses Henry Lane | Culvert |
| FR935451A (en) * | 1946-10-30 | 1948-06-18 | Sewer construction system | |
| AT323074B (en) * | 1969-10-25 | 1975-06-25 | Hoesch Ag | LOAD-BEARING LINING FOR ESPECIALLY CURVED PASSINGS OR CANALS |
| FR2223513A1 (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1974-10-25 | Socea | Tunnel made from prefabricated sections - has roof slab supported on shoulders extending from upper face of walls |
| FR2286273A1 (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-04-23 | Fairclough Ltd Leonard | Concrete tunnel lining ring - with tongue and groove side joints on segments and locking fittings |
| DE2715127A1 (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1978-10-19 | Lorenz Kesting | Prefabricated reinforced concrete tunnel - is for district heating has sections with side and base plates covered with ridge plates |
| US4314775A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1982-02-09 | Johnson Delp W | Method of site casting tunnels, culverts, pressure pipes with minimum forming |
| US4497590A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1985-02-05 | Crs Group, Inc. | Tunnel lining |
| FR2572746B1 (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1987-01-30 | Matiere Marcel | MULTIPLE DUCT |
-
1988
- 1988-06-03 EP EP88401360A patent/EP0296013B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-03 DE DE8888401361T patent/DE3861826D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-03 AT AT88401360T patent/ATE61075T1/en active
- 1988-06-03 EP EP88401361A patent/EP0295175B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-03 AT AT88401361T patent/ATE61074T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-03 DE DE8888401360T patent/DE3861828D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-03 ES ES88401360T patent/ES2021150T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-04-19 GR GR91400502T patent/GR3001813T3/en unknown
- 1991-04-19 GR GR91400506T patent/GR3001817T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE61074T1 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
| DE3861828D1 (en) | 1991-04-04 |
| DE3861826D1 (en) | 1991-04-04 |
| EP0295175B2 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| GR3001817T3 (en) | 1992-11-23 |
| ES2021150T5 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
| ATE61075T1 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
| EP0296013B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
| GR3001813T3 (en) | 1992-11-23 |
| EP0295175A1 (en) | 1988-12-14 |
| ES2021150B3 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
| EP0296013A1 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| EP0295175B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
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