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EP0268276A2 - Automatische Pistole - Google Patents

Automatische Pistole Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0268276A2
EP0268276A2 EP87116987A EP87116987A EP0268276A2 EP 0268276 A2 EP0268276 A2 EP 0268276A2 EP 87116987 A EP87116987 A EP 87116987A EP 87116987 A EP87116987 A EP 87116987A EP 0268276 A2 EP0268276 A2 EP 0268276A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pistol
breech slide
barrel
stamping
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP87116987A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0268276A3 (de
Inventor
Larry W. Cowles
John J. Goll, Jr.
Alva B. Powell, Jr.
George C. Heyl
John J. Muller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colt Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Colt Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Colt Industries Inc filed Critical Colt Industries Inc
Publication of EP0268276A2 publication Critical patent/EP0268276A2/de
Publication of EP0268276A3 publication Critical patent/EP0268276A3/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/34—Magazine safeties
    • F41A17/36—Magazine safeties locking the gun automatically in a safety condition when the magazine is empty or removed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/56—Sear safeties, i.e. means for rendering ineffective an intermediate lever transmitting trigger movement to firing pin, hammer, bolt or sear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/31—Sear arrangements therefor
    • F41A19/32—Sear arrangements therefor for catching the percussion or firing pin after each shot, i.e. in single-shot or semi-automatic firing mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/34—Cocking mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/66—Breech housings or frames; Receivers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to automatic pistols.
  • Conventional automatic pistols generally incorporate frames made from a metallic casting or a forging. While such frames can obviously adequately perform their intended functions, they are expensive to manufacture and machine.
  • conventional automatic pistols embody external moving parts such as a slide or hammer which can be distracting to a shooter when aiming at a target.
  • an automatic pistol which utilizes a frame defined by a metal stamping, thereby facilitating manufacturing and cost reduction.
  • various subasssemblies are mounted to thereby form a complete firearm.
  • the frame and associated assemblies are encased in a shell or housing which covers all moving parts during operation save for the trigger.
  • the invention further includes the provision of a breech slide or bolt-carrier assembly which reciprocates within the confines of the housing without exposted moving parts thereby not divert a user's attention from a target.
  • a rearwardly located charging handle is displaced over a users hand to place a round in the chamber only when necessary.
  • Another object is to provide an automatic pistol in which the breech-slide moves within a housing during pistol operation.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 there is shown a semiautomatic pistol 10 having a shell or housing 12 which encloses virtually all moving parts.
  • the pistol 10 comprises a trigger 14, a charging handle 16 which constitutes part of the shell and is movable relative thereto, a bolt stop 18 and a manual safety 20.
  • a sight bar 22, mounted upon the shell 12, carries a front sight 24 and a rear sight 26.
  • the shell 12 also embodies a handle 28 to which suitable grips may be secured.
  • pistol 10 comprised a frame, generally indicated at 30, to which all major assemblies and shell 12 of the pistol are attached.
  • Frame 30 is the heart of the pistol and is depicted, per se, in FIGURES 10-14.
  • the frame 30 may be regarded as being constituted by a front portion 32, a mid-portion 34 and a rear portion 36.
  • a barrel 38 fits snugly in a tubular section 40 (See FIGURES 3, 10, 13 and 14) of the frame 30 and is brazed thereto so as to be confined thereby in all transverse directions and held against rotary and longitudinal displacement.
  • the barrel 38 has a longitudinal rifled bore 42 extending from the front end thereof to a chamber 42A.
  • Barrel 38 also embodies a beveled surface 44 longitudinally offset from a beveled surface 46 on the tubular section 40.
  • the beveled surfaces 44 and 46 together define a feed throat for guiding a cartridge 48 stripped from a magazine (not shown) into position in chamber 42A.
  • the front of the barrel 38 is threaded to receive a barrel nut 50 thereupon, which, in turn, is fitted within a muzzle plate 52 extending over and received within the opening at the front of the shell 12.
  • the nut 50 and muzzle plate 52 embody frustroconical surfaces to firmly anchor the muzzle plate with respect to the shell.
  • a bolt carrier assembly or breech slide is mounted upon the barrel 38 for reciprocating movement between forward (battery) and rearward (recoil) positions.
  • the breech slide or bolt carrier assembly 54 generally comprises a bolt 56, a carrier 58, a striker 60 and a cartridge extractor 62.
  • a pin 64 extends through registering holes in the bolt 56 and the carrier 58 to join the two components in a rigid fashion so as to form an integral structure.
  • the carrier 58 extends beyond the front of the bolt 56 and includes an overhanging barrel-mounted guide 66 having an aperture which closely conforms to the outer periphery of the barrel to guide the reciprocating movements of the bolt carrier assembly 54.
  • An operating spring 68 is coiled around the barrel 38 and seats against the guide 66 to drive the bolt carrier assembly forwardly after recoil into battery position.
  • Bolt 56 which is contained within the elongated passage in the bolt carrier 58, has an internal cylindrical, longitudinal passage 70 which has a rearward opening and communicates with an aperture 72 at the front end thereof.
  • the bolt 56 includes a longitudinal slot 73 (FIGURE 6) in its base which provides access to passage 70 from the lower exterior of the bolt 56.
  • the striker 60 is mounted for longitudinal reciprocating movement relative to the bolt 56. Striker 60 is cup-shaped and is formed with a firing pin or extension 74 on its front end (the function of which is to protrude through the aperture 72) and is capable of striking the rim of the cartridge 48 when the bolt carrier assembly 54 is in the battery position and the trigger is pulled.
  • a compression spring 76 is disposed within the striker to impel the striker toward the cartridge upon release thereof.
  • the spring 76 is coiled about an extension 78 in the rear portion 36 of the frame 30 and bears against a seat 80 positioned thereupon.
  • the seat 80 performs a dual function in that it engages the wall of passage 70 to provide further guidance to the reciprocating movements of the bolt carrier assembly 54.
  • a depending projection 82 on the striker 60 extends into the slot 73 for reciprocating travel therewithin.
  • the projection 82 has a searing surface thereupon for engagement by a hooked portion 84 of an L-shaped sear, generally indicated at 86.
  • the charging handle 16 In order to initially chamber a cartridge in chamber 42A, the charging handle 16 is provided. Charging handle 16 incorporates two tracks (not shown) which are respectively slidable within two slots (not shown) in a plastic backstrap portion 88 of the shell 12 for guiding the rearward and forward movement of the charging handle 16. Fixedly attached to the charging handle 16 is a bar 90 having a slot 92 in which the pin 64, that joins the bolt 56 and bolt carrier 58, is received. When the charging handle 16 is pulled rearwardly, the bolt carrier assembly 54 also moves rearwarldly by virtue of the engagement between the forward end of the slot 92 and the pin 64. Upon releasing the rearward force upon the charging handle 16, the bolt carrier assembly will move forwardly into battery position (while stripping a cartridge form the magazine) under the impetus of the operating spring 68 and simultaneously pull the charging handle 16 back to its original forward or illustrated position.
  • FIGURE 8 shows key 94 being inserted in suitable confronting recesses in the bolt 56 and the carrier 58.
  • FIGURE 9 shows the location of the key 94 after the carrier 58 has been moved in the direction of the arrow relative to the bolt 56. The pin 64 is inserted after the bolt 56 and carrier 58 are placed in the relative positions shown in FIGURE 9.
  • the Bolt 56 is furnished with the usual cartridge extractor 62 to retain a spent cartridge casing from the chamber 42A on the face of bolt 56 during recoil.
  • the barrel 38 is relieved at 96 (FIGURE 6) and the tubular section 40 of the frame 30 embodies a clearance notch 98 (FIGURES 10, 11 and 14) to allow for positioning of the extractor 62.
  • a spent cartridge in the grasp of the extractor 62 contacts a cartridge ejector finger 100 on the frame, as best shown in FIGURES 10-13, whereupon the spent cartridge is expelled via an ejection window 102 as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the sear 86 is mounted upon the frame 30 for pivoting movement by means of a pin 104 which extends through an aperture 106 in the rear portion of frame 30.
  • Sear 86 has a lateral tab 108 on its vertical leg 110 which is adapted to be engaged by a trigger bar, generally designated 112 in FIGURES 3 and 5, for pivoting the sear in a counterclockwise direction (as viewed in FIGURES 3) to release the striker 60.
  • a tension spring 114 having one end secured to a post 116 and the other end secured to vertical leg 110, furnished a clockwise spring bias to the sear 86 to maintain the hooked portion 84 in engagement with the searing surface of the striker 60.
  • a trigger assembly is formed by the trigger 14, a trigger guard 118 and the trigger bar 112.
  • the trigger guard 118 per se, is hung upon depending feet 120 and 122 on the frame 30.
  • the trigger 14 is mounted for pivoting movement upon a bushing 124 which is carried by a pin 126 extending completely through the shell 12 as shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the pin 126 passes through an aperture 128 in the frame 30 as depicted in FIGURE 12.
  • the trigger 14 has a lug 130 disposed in a notch 132 in the trigger bar such that depression of the trigger causes a rearward axial movement of the trigger bar and release of the trigger allows for trigger return.
  • the trigger bar 112 has a vertical post 133 to which is connected an end of a tension spring 134.
  • the other end of the tension spring is connected a laterally extending mounting post 136 (FIGURES 5 and 11) on the frame 30.
  • the rear end 138 of the trigger bar 112 is of an enlarged width and L-shaped as viewed in rear elevation (FIGURES 5,4 and 7) to provide an upper surface 140 to be engaged by a disconnect cam surface 142 on bolt 56 and a lower tab 144 to engage the confronting tab 108 on the sear and engender pivoting thereof.
  • the spring 134 applies a forward bias, as well as a clockwise bias (about lug 130), to the trigger bar 112 such that trigger return is constantly urged and the surface 140 is always in contact with the bolt 56.
  • the trigger bar 112 will rotate a few degrees in the counterclockwise direction due to the engagement between cam surface 142 and the trigger bar surface 140. Such rotation will disengage the tabs 108 and 144, thereby allowing the sear 86 to pivot back to its original position wherein the hooked portion 84 can engage and retain the striker 60 in cocked position during counterrecoil of the bolt carrier assembly 54.
  • the trigger 14 To again fire the pistol, the trigger 14 must be released to allow the trigger bar 112 to axially move forwardly so that it can clear the sear 86 and snap upwardly to the position of FIGURE 5 where it can again displace the sear 86 during rearward axial movement.
  • the bolt stop 18 is pivotally mounted upon the bushing 124 and is spring loaded in a clockwise direction by a compression spring 146 seated upon the end of bolt stop 18 and the trigger guard 118.
  • the Bolt stop 18 has a tang 148 which is adapted to engage the front of the bolt 56 to terminate counterrecoil movement when the magazine (not shown) is empty.
  • the magazine follower 150 (shown in phantom) engages a leg 152 on the bolt stop 18 to urge pivoting of the bolt stop 18 counterclockwise such that the tang 148 may engage and stop the bolt carrier assembly 54.
  • a thumb piece 154 is provided to permit a user to pivot the bolt stop 18 clockwise as shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the manual safety 20 comprises a safety lock plate 156 mounted upon a pivot pin 158 contained within an aperture 160 (FIGURES 5 and 10) in the frame 30.
  • the plate 156 has a disconnect pin 162 projecting laterally therefrom and extending through a slot 164 in the frame 30.
  • the disconnect pin 162 is slideable over a spring 166 mounted upon the frame and having a protrusion which extends into the slot 164.
  • the protrusion on the spring 166 serves to position the lock plate 156 either in a safe or a fire permitting position.
  • a thumb piece 168 permits a user to move the lock plate 156 between its safe and fire permitting positions (See FIGURES 4 and 7).
  • a pistol of the invention is advantageous since the frame thereof, which is best shown in FIGURES 10-14, may be formed by metal stampings, thereby occasioning cost savings.
  • Frame 30 is preferably constituted by right and left stamping sections 30A and 30B, respectively. In order to join the two sections, only a few (e.g., three) spot welds are required.
  • stamping section 30A is the longer of the two sections and embodies the rear portion 36 and the forward mounting post 136.
  • the cartridge ejector 100 is formed as part of the stamping section 30B. Both stamping sections, of course, include complementary sections which define the magazine receiving mid-portion 34 and the tubular portion 40.
  • the sear 86 pivots downwardly or counterclockwise (see FIG.3) such that there is disengagement between the sear 86 and the striker 60.
  • the striker 60 then moves forwardly (sliding within the bolt 56 under the impetus of its spring until the firing pin 74 attached thereto strike the rim of a chambered cartridge 48.
  • the striker 60 is now in its forward position.
  • the ejector 100 never moves and remains fixedly positioned during recoil and counterrecoil with respect to the pistol frame 30.
  • the illustrated pistol 10 is blowback (not gas) operated; and the gas pressure within the cartridge case will drive the bolt 56 and carrier 58 rearwardly after it is fired, with the case being in the grasp of the extractor 62.
  • the cartridge ejector 100 then contacts the rearwardly moving cartridge case, thereby resulting in its ejection from window 102.
  • the striker spring 76 will be compressed and, of course, a new round will be stripped from the magazine (not shown) and inserted in the chamber.
  • the trigger 14 To again fire the pistol, the trigger 14 must be released to allow the trigger bar 112 to axially move forwardly so that it can clear the sear 86 and snap upwardly to a position where it can again displace the sear 86 during rearward axial movement. In this latter regard, it will be seen that, in FIG. 5, the bar 112 and trigger 14 are in their respective forward positions.
  • the slotted pulling bar 90 which has the bolt-carrier pin 64 received in its slot, pulls the bolt carrier assembly 54 rearwardly.
  • the striker will not move and the bolt 56 will slide over the striker 60.
  • Releasing the charging handle 16 for forward movement will allow the bolt carrier assembly 54 to move forwardly under the bias of the operating spring 68 such that a cartridge is stripped from the magazine and chambered. Again, the bolt 56 slides over the striker 60 which is held in place by the sear 86.
  • the charging handle 16 does not move during recoil or counterrecoil as the bolt-carrier pin 64 travels rearwardly and subsequently forwardly within the slot 92 in the pulling bar 90. Therefore, nothing slides exteriorly of the pistol 10 during operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP87116987A 1986-11-17 1987-11-17 Automatische Pistole Ceased EP0268276A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US93128786A 1986-11-17 1986-11-17
US931287 1997-09-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0268276A2 true EP0268276A2 (de) 1988-05-25
EP0268276A3 EP0268276A3 (de) 1990-03-28

Family

ID=25460537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87116987A Ceased EP0268276A3 (de) 1986-11-17 1987-11-17 Automatische Pistole

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0268276A3 (de)
BR (1) BR8706070A (de)
CA (1) CA1329332C (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2884217A1 (de) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-17 Glock Technology GmbH Fangvorrichtung für den Verschluss einer Pistole
AU2016385967B2 (en) * 2016-01-13 2019-06-13 Brian Edward BASCOM Auto-loading firearm with selectable live fire and training modes
US11313639B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2022-04-26 Mustang Industrial Design, Inc. Auto-loading hammer-type firearm with selectable live fire and training modes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR8805801A (pt) * 1988-11-03 1990-06-19 Forjas Taurus Sa Processo de fabricacao de pistolas semi-automaticas com estrutura monobloco e produto resultante

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1460672A (en) * 1922-01-11 1923-07-03 Joseph H Hines Automatic pistol
US2049776A (en) * 1935-04-24 1936-08-04 Jean U Koree Gun
US2659994A (en) * 1950-02-03 1953-11-24 Marion W Yale Self-loading semiautomatic pistol
US3053002A (en) * 1959-12-02 1962-09-11 Katherine B Groves Breech bolt lock
US3225653A (en) * 1964-05-05 1965-12-28 Charles F Packard Charging handle assembly
FR2573524A1 (fr) * 1984-11-21 1986-05-23 Euroind Sa Arme a feu apte a passer du tir au coup-par-coup au tir en rafale.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE895677A (fr) * 1983-01-24 1983-07-25 Herstal Sa Carcasse pour fusil de chasse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1460672A (en) * 1922-01-11 1923-07-03 Joseph H Hines Automatic pistol
US2049776A (en) * 1935-04-24 1936-08-04 Jean U Koree Gun
US2659994A (en) * 1950-02-03 1953-11-24 Marion W Yale Self-loading semiautomatic pistol
US3053002A (en) * 1959-12-02 1962-09-11 Katherine B Groves Breech bolt lock
US3225653A (en) * 1964-05-05 1965-12-28 Charles F Packard Charging handle assembly
FR2573524A1 (fr) * 1984-11-21 1986-05-23 Euroind Sa Arme a feu apte a passer du tir au coup-par-coup au tir en rafale.

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2884217A1 (de) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-17 Glock Technology GmbH Fangvorrichtung für den Verschluss einer Pistole
US20150192378A1 (en) * 2013-12-11 2015-07-09 Glock Technology Gmbh Catch device for the breech of a pistol
US9933222B2 (en) * 2013-12-11 2018-04-03 Glock Technology Gmbh Catch device for the breech of a pistol
AU2016385967B2 (en) * 2016-01-13 2019-06-13 Brian Edward BASCOM Auto-loading firearm with selectable live fire and training modes
US10436540B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2019-10-08 Brian Edward Bascom Auto-loading firearm with selectable live fire and training modes
AU2019229412B2 (en) * 2016-01-13 2020-08-13 Brian Edward BASCOM Auto-loading firearm with selectable live fire and training modes
US11313639B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2022-04-26 Mustang Industrial Design, Inc. Auto-loading hammer-type firearm with selectable live fire and training modes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0268276A3 (de) 1990-03-28
BR8706070A (pt) 1988-06-21
CA1329332C (en) 1994-05-10

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Inventor name: GOLL, JOHN J., JR.

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Inventor name: HEYL, GEORGE C.

Inventor name: MULLER, JOHN J.