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EP0266456A1 - Respiratory face mask - Google Patents

Respiratory face mask Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0266456A1
EP0266456A1 EP86202027A EP86202027A EP0266456A1 EP 0266456 A1 EP0266456 A1 EP 0266456A1 EP 86202027 A EP86202027 A EP 86202027A EP 86202027 A EP86202027 A EP 86202027A EP 0266456 A1 EP0266456 A1 EP 0266456A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
half mask
mask according
opening
filtering half
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86202027A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Wandel
Martin Skov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moldex Metric AG and Co KG
Moldex Metric Inc
Original Assignee
Moldex Metric AG and Co KG
Moldex Metric Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moldex Metric AG and Co KG, Moldex Metric Inc filed Critical Moldex Metric AG and Co KG
Priority to EP86202027A priority Critical patent/EP0266456A1/en
Priority to DE8787114646T priority patent/DE3767662D1/en
Priority to AT87114646T priority patent/ATE60241T1/en
Priority to EP87114646A priority patent/EP0267428B1/en
Publication of EP0266456A1 publication Critical patent/EP0266456A1/en
Priority to US07/254,205 priority patent/US4974586A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
    • A41D13/1138—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a cup configuration
    • A41D13/1146—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a cup configuration obtained by moulding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/10—Valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filtering half mask of the type explained in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the previously used half mask has an exhalation valve that was inserted into the filter wall in the form of a capsule and welded to it.
  • the capsule has two annular flanges, between which the filter wall is clamped.
  • the inner opening of the annular flanges is crossed by reinforcing ribs arranged in a star shape, on the center of which a circular membrane sheet is attached in the center to the outside of the filter mask.
  • the membrane sheet is made of a thin, flexible material and has a diameter which is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the annular flanges, so that the outer periphery of the membrane sheet still rests on the outwardly facing surface of the outer flange.
  • An annular web is arranged around the outer periphery of the membrane leaflet, which protrudes outwards on the outside of the filter mask.
  • a roof for the exhalation valve is also provided.
  • the known exhalation valve works as follows: the exhaled air presses from the inside onto the membrane leaflet in the areas between the reinforcing struts and lifts the circumference of the membrane leaflet from its contact with the outer flange, so that the exhaled air between the outer flange, the outer circumference of the membrane leaflet and can pass through the annular web to the outside. On the other hand, if inhaled, the resulting negative pressure pulls the membrane leaflet into contact with the outer flange.
  • exhalation valves which form the only airway to the outside
  • exhalation valves for filter masks with a filtering wall must open at a relatively low breathing pressure, since their arrangement would otherwise be useless.
  • exhalation valves for filter masks with filter walls that are permeable in both directions are very advantageous for certain purposes. For example, if the outside humidity is very high, so that the exhaled air also has an increased humidity. In the case of masks without an exhalation valve, this air humidity will be reflected in the filter wall and lead to premature consumption of the mask. Furthermore, such half masks are only permitted for a maximum wearing period of about 8 hours, so that they must be manufactured relatively inexpensively.
  • the known exhalation valve is relatively complicated due to the large number of parts that have to be manufactured and assembled separately.
  • the membrane leaflet must be made relatively light in order to be lifted even when the exhalation pressure is low.
  • the membrane leaflet rests only in a relatively narrow area in the closing seat. If a speck of dust has settled on this surface, there remains a gap through which unfiltered air can enter the interior of the filter mask.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a filtering half mask with an exhalation valve which is inexpensive to manufacture and inexpensive to assemble and despite which in no way impairs the filter effect.
  • the manufacturing costs of a half mask with an exhalation valve can be significantly reduced.
  • the assembly of this valve is also relatively simple.
  • the valve according to the invention has wall regions lying against one another over a relatively large area, so that even a dust particle that has penetrated cannot impair the sealing effect.
  • lip valves are already known per se (see, for example, DE-OS 30 17 18), their use has hitherto always been restricted to gas masks, snorkels, etc., in which they were the only exhalation valve and were accordingly designed for high exhalation pressure. Use for the generic half masks with a filtering effect was not considered. Rather, the previously used, relatively complicated exhalation valve was developed for these purposes, which should ensure the required low opening pressure.
  • the embodiment according to claims 4 and 5 further improves the sealing effect, since the sealing surfaces are inevitably pressed against the filter wall when inhaled.
  • the embodiment according to claim 9 provides further protection against the penetration of unfiltered air when inhaled. By applying the outer wall to the circumference of the inlet opening, an additional seal is achieved, so that the exhalation pressure required to open the valve can be reduced further.
  • Claims 9 to 11 describe particularly preferred exemplary embodiments of the collecting space and its sealing.
  • the arrangement of the funnel-shaped collecting space, the inlet opening and the dome-shaped bulge according to claim 12 is of particular advantage since the exhaled air is thereby introduced into the valve in a targeted manner and the opening of the valve is thereby facilitated.
  • the exhaled pressure ie the pressure at which the lip area opens, can be varied or set to an extremely low value.
  • the claim 14 describes a space-saving design of the exhalation valve, in which there is also less the risk that the wearer of the mask feels disturbed by the hanging valve.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a filtering half mask 1, which has been brought into a shape adapted to the face shape of the normal wearer.
  • the half mask 1 consists of a filter wall 2 which is permeable for breathing air in both directions but filters out pollutants and is to be worn in front of the mouth and nose with the aid of a band 3 running around the back of the head.
  • the strapping 3 is with tabs 4 the half mask 1 arranged.
  • an exhalation valve 5 projects through the filter wall 2 of the half mask 1.
  • the valve 5 is made in one piece from a thin, flexible material, such as a rubber-like plastic or the like, and has a substantially tubular lip area 6 which is flattened such that an outlet opening 7 at the lower end of the lip area is normally closed and open only opens in a slit to a circle under the effect of exhaled pressure.
  • an inlet opening 8 is provided, the axis of which runs essentially perpendicular to the general course of the upper lip region 6.
  • the cross section of the inlet opening 8 is matched to the cross section of an opening 9 in the filter wall 2 and is formed by a constriction 10 in the wall of the valve 5.
  • the width of the constriction 10 corresponds essentially to the thickness of the filter wall 2, so that the area around the opening 9 in the filter wall 2 is accommodated in the interior of the constriction 10.
  • the side boundaries of the constriction 10 are designed as annular sealing surfaces 10a and 10b, which lie against the filter wall from the inside and outside. In the area of one or both sealing surfaces, the wall thickness can additionally be increased in a bead-like manner, which further improves the sealing effect.
  • the wall of the valve 5 widens into the interior of the half mask 1 to form a funnel-shaped collecting space 11.
  • the funnel-shaped collecting space 11 is arranged directly in front of the area of the mouth of the wearer and directs the exhaled air in the direction of the inlet opening 8 Sealing surface 10a opposite wall a pressure surface 11a, on which exhale pressure act and can press the sealing surface 10a against the filter wall 2. Due to its flexible design, the wall of the funnel 11 continues to expand, so that radial tensile forces are generated around the entry opening 8 and press the wall firmly against the opening 9 in the filter wall 2. A further, somewhat smaller collecting space 12 for the exhaled air is provided between the lip area 6 and the inlet opening 8.
  • the collecting space 12 is designed as a dome-shaped bulge.
  • a bead-like thickening 13 is provided, on the surface 13b of which the opposite sealing surface 13a of the dome-shaped recess 12 is drawn.
  • the direction of inspiration is shown by the arrow.
  • the dome-shaped bulge bulges inwards, at the same time the sealing surface 10b of the constriction 10 is pressed firmly against the filter wall 2. In this way, unfiltered air cannot get into the interior of the mask 1 either through the outlet opening 7 or in the region of the opening 9 in the filter wall 2.
  • the wall thickness in the lip area 6 is selected such that the outlet opening 7 opens reliably even at the low exhalation pressures occurring in the half mask 1. As FIG. 3 shows, however, a larger wall thickness can be selected for the remaining parts of the wall if this appears necessary for reasons of strength. The transition between the parts of small wall thickness and the larger wall thickness can take place continuously as shown, or in stages. Furthermore, the lip area 6, as in Figure 2 shown to be adapted to the outer contour of the filter wall 2. During testing, wall thicknesses of 0.3 mm in the lip area in the vicinity of the outlet opening 7 have proven themselves, while a wall thickness of 0.8 mm has been provided for the remaining parts. A further reduction in the necessary exhalation pressure can be achieved by narrowing the lip area as shown in FIG. 5 in the direction of the outlet opening 7.
  • the opening 9 is first molded into the half mask 1, the diameter of which must be matched to the diameter of the inlet opening 8 and vice versa.
  • the exhalation valve is made in one piece by dipping a corresponding positive mold into a bath of the plastic used.
  • a two-stage immersion process has proven to be expedient, in which those parts for which a larger wall thickness is desired, are correspondingly are often immersed in the bath in such a way that the required number of layers of material are stacked up to the desired wall thickness.
  • the exhalation valve is inserted into the opening of the half mask and glued on as required.
  • the shape of the bulge can be varied, for example a cylindrical one instead of the dome-shaped bulge Bulge can be provided.
  • Other shapes are also conceivable, as long as it is ensured that the outlet opening can be kept securely closed by the negative pressure when inhaling, without the necessary opening pressure being increased when exhaling.
  • a separate seal can also be provided in the opening in the filter wall, which takes over the external sealing between the valve and the filter wall.
  • exhalation valve in particular the length and width of the lip area, are matched to the exhalation pressure in relation to the wall thickness.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

The face mask (1) has a filter wall (2) which is permeable in both directions to inspired and expired air. An expired air valve (5) is arranged additionally in an opening (9) in the filter wall (2). Said expired air valve (5) is made of a flexible material with a wall and contains an entry opening (8), arranged in the opening (9) in the filter wall (2), and an expired air opening (7), which can be closed by a lip region (6) made of two adjacent thin wall parts, outside the filter wall (2). Due to the inexpensive manufacture, the mask is suitable as a disposable mask. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine filtrierende Halbmaske der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 erläuterten Art.The invention relates to a filtering half mask of the type explained in the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Halbmasken sind durch offenkundige Vorbenutzung bekannt. Die vorbenutzte Halbmaske weist ein Ausatemventil auf, das in Form einer Kapsel in die Filterwandung eingesetzt und mit ihr verschweißt wurde. Die Kapsel weist zwei ringförmige Flansche auf, zwischen denen die Filterwandung eingeklemmt wird. Die innere Öffnung der ringförmigen Flansche ist von sternförmig angeordneten Verstärkungsrippen durchzogen, auf deren Mitte an der Außenseite der Filtermaske ein kreisförmiges Membranblättchen mittig befestigt ist. Das Membranblättchen ist aus einem dünnen, flexiblen Material und weist einen Durchmesser auf, der etwas größer ist als der Innendurchmesser der ringförmigen Flansche, so daß der äußere Umfang des Membranblättchens noch auf der nach außen weisenden Oberfläche des äußeren Flansches aufliegt. Um den äußeren Umfang des Membranblättchens ist ein ringförmiger Steg angeordnet, der an der Außenseite der Filtermaske nach außen vorsteht. Weiterhin ist eine Überdachung des Ausatemventils vorgesehen. Das bekannte Ausatemventil arbeitet wie folgt: Die Ausatemluft drückt von innen her auf das Membranblättchen in den Bereichen zwischen den Verstärkungsstreben und hebt den Umfang des Membranblättchens aus seiner Anlage am äußeren Flansch ab, so daß die Ausatemluft zwischen dem äußeren Flansch, dem äußeren Umfang des Membranblättchens und dem ringförmigen Steg nach außen durchtreten kann. Bei Einatmen hingegen, wird durch den entstehenden Unterdruck das Membranblättchen in Anlage an den äußeren Flansch gezogen.Such half masks are known from obvious prior use. The previously used half mask has an exhalation valve that was inserted into the filter wall in the form of a capsule and welded to it. The capsule has two annular flanges, between which the filter wall is clamped. The inner opening of the annular flanges is crossed by reinforcing ribs arranged in a star shape, on the center of which a circular membrane sheet is attached in the center to the outside of the filter mask. The membrane sheet is made of a thin, flexible material and has a diameter which is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the annular flanges, so that the outer periphery of the membrane sheet still rests on the outwardly facing surface of the outer flange. An annular web is arranged around the outer periphery of the membrane leaflet, which protrudes outwards on the outside of the filter mask. A roof for the exhalation valve is also provided. The known exhalation valve works as follows: the exhaled air presses from the inside onto the membrane leaflet in the areas between the reinforcing struts and lifts the circumference of the membrane leaflet from its contact with the outer flange, so that the exhaled air between the outer flange, the outer circumference of the membrane leaflet and can pass through the annular web to the outside. On the other hand, if inhaled, the resulting negative pressure pulls the membrane leaflet into contact with the outer flange.

Ausatemventile für Filtermasken mit filtrierender Wandung müssen im Gegensatz zu Ausatemventilen, die den einzigen Luftweg nach außen bilden, schon bei einem relativ geringen Atemdruck öffnen, da ihre Anordnung sonst nutzlos wäre. Auf der anderen Seite sind jedoch Ausatemventile für Filtermasken mit in beiden Richtungen durchlässigen Filterwandungen für bestimmte Einsatzzwecke sehr vorteilhaft. So zum Beispiel, wenn die äußere Luftfeuchtigkeit sehr hoch ist, so daß die Ausatemluft ebenfalls eine erhöhte Luftfeuchtigkeit aufweist. Bei Masken ohne Ausatemventil wird sich diese Luftfeuchtigkeit in der Filterwandung niederschlagen und zum vorzeitigen Verbrauch der Maske führen. Weiterhin sind derartige Halbmasken nur für eine Höchsttragdauer von etwa 8 Stunden zugelassen, so daß ihre Herstellung relativ preisgünstig erfolgen muß.In contrast to exhalation valves, which form the only airway to the outside, exhalation valves for filter masks with a filtering wall must open at a relatively low breathing pressure, since their arrangement would otherwise be useless. On the other hand, however, exhalation valves for filter masks with filter walls that are permeable in both directions are very advantageous for certain purposes. For example, if the outside humidity is very high, so that the exhaled air also has an increased humidity. In the case of masks without an exhalation valve, this air humidity will be reflected in the filter wall and lead to premature consumption of the mask. Furthermore, such half masks are only permitted for a maximum wearing period of about 8 hours, so that they must be manufactured relatively inexpensively.

Das bekannte Ausatemventil ist jedoch durch die Vielzahl der Teile, die für sich gesondert hergestellt und zusammengesetzt werden müssen, relativ kompliziert. Außerdem muß das Membranblättchen relativ leicht ausgebildet sein, um sich auch bei einem geringen Ausatemdruck anzuheben. Dies bedeutet jedoch, daß auch die Gefahr einer Fehlfunktion durch night genau ebene Membranblättchen gegeben ist. Weiterhin liegt das Membranblättchen im Schließsitz nur auf einer relativ schmalen Fläche auf. Hat sich auf dieser Fläche ein Staubkorn abgesetzt, so verbleibt dort ein Spalt, durch den ungefilterte Luft in das Innere der Filtermaske eintreten kann.However, the known exhalation valve is relatively complicated due to the large number of parts that have to be manufactured and assembled separately. In addition, the membrane leaflet must be made relatively light in order to be lifted even when the exhalation pressure is low. However, this means that there is also a risk of malfunction due to membrane sheets that are precisely level at night. Furthermore, the membrane leaflet rests only in a relatively narrow area in the closing seat. If a speck of dust has settled on this surface, there remains a gap through which unfiltered air can enter the interior of the filter mask.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine filtrierende Halbmaske mit einem Ausatemventil zu versehen, das preisgünstig herstellbar und preisgünstig montierbar ist und trotz dem die Filterwirkung in keiner Weise beeinträchtigt.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a filtering half mask with an exhalation valve which is inexpensive to manufacture and inexpensive to assemble and despite which in no way impairs the filter effect.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichenenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Durch die Verwendung eines äußerst preisgünstigen Ausatemventils aus einem flexiblen Material mit einer in der Art eines Lippenventiles verschließbaren Auslaßöffnung können die Herstellungskosten einer Halbmaske mit Ausatemventil entscheidend gesenkt werden. Auch die Montage dieses Ventils ist relativ einfach. Schließlich weist das erfindungsgemäße Ventil im geschlossenen Zustand relativ großflächig aneinander liegende Wandungsbereiche auf, so daß auch ein eingedrungenes Staubkorn die Dichtwirkung nicht beeinträchtigen kann.By using an extremely inexpensive exhalation valve made of a flexible material with an outlet opening that can be closed in the manner of a lip valve, the manufacturing costs of a half mask with an exhalation valve can be significantly reduced. The assembly of this valve is also relatively simple. Finally, in the closed state, the valve according to the invention has wall regions lying against one another over a relatively large area, so that even a dust particle that has penetrated cannot impair the sealing effect.

Zwar sind Lippenventile an sich bereits bekannt (siehe zum Beispiel DE-OS 30 17 18) ihre Verwendung war jedoch bislang stets auf Gasmasken,Schnorchel usw. beschränkt, bei denen sie das einzige Ausatemventil darstellten und demgemäß für einen hohen Ausatemdruck ausgelegt waren. Eine Verwendung für die gattungsgemäßen Halbmasken mit filtrierender Wirkung wurde nicht in Betracht gezogen. Vielmehr wurden für diese Verwendungszwecke das vorbenutzte, relativ komplizierte Ausatemventil entwickelt, das den erforderlichen geringen Öffnungsdruck sicherstellen sollte.Although lip valves are already known per se (see, for example, DE-OS 30 17 18), their use has hitherto always been restricted to gas masks, snorkels, etc., in which they were the only exhalation valve and were accordingly designed for high exhalation pressure. Use for the generic half masks with a filtering effect was not considered. Rather, the previously used, relatively complicated exhalation valve was developed for these purposes, which should ensure the required low opening pressure.

Die Montage des erfindungsgemäßen Ausatemventils wird gemäß Anspruch 2 erleichtert, wenn eine Dichtfläche direkt an die Wandung des Ventils angeformt wird.The assembly of the exhalation valve according to the invention is facilitated according to claim 2 if a sealing surface is molded directly onto the wall of the valve.

Eine weitere Erleichterung der Montage ergibt sich aus der Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 3.A further simplification of the assembly results from the configuration according to claim 3.

Die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 4 und 5 verbessert die Dichtwirkung weiter, da die Dichtflächen beim Einatmen zwangsläufig gegen die Filterwandung gepreßt werden.The embodiment according to claims 4 and 5 further improves the sealing effect, since the sealing surfaces are inevitably pressed against the filter wall when inhaled.

Dieser Effekt wird noch durch die Anordnung des Sammelraums nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 7 verstärkt.This effect is reinforced by the arrangement of the collecting space according to claims 6 and 7.

Durch die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 9 wird eine weitere Absicherung gegen das Eindringen von ungefilterter Luft beim Einatmen erreicht. Durch das Anlegen der äußeren Wandung an den Umfang der Eintrittsöffnung wird eine zusätzliche Abdichtung erreicht, so daß der notwendige Ausatemdruck zum Öffnen des Ventils weiter reduziert werden kann.The embodiment according to claim 9 provides further protection against the penetration of unfiltered air when inhaled. By applying the outer wall to the circumference of the inlet opening, an additional seal is achieved, so that the exhalation pressure required to open the valve can be reduced further.

Die Ansprüche 9 bis 11 beschreiben besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele des Sammelraums und seiner Abdichtung.Claims 9 to 11 describe particularly preferred exemplary embodiments of the collecting space and its sealing.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist die Anordnung des trichterförmigen Sammelraums, der Eintrittsöffnung und der kuppelförmigen Auswölbung nach Anspruch 12, da dadurch die Ausatemluft gezielt in das Ventil eigeleitet und das Öffnen des Ventils dadurch erleichtert wird.The arrangement of the funnel-shaped collecting space, the inlet opening and the dome-shaped bulge according to claim 12 is of particular advantage since the exhaled air is thereby introduced into the valve in a targeted manner and the opening of the valve is thereby facilitated.

Durch die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 13 kann der Ausatemdruck, d.h. derjenige Druck, bei dem der Lippenbereich öffnet, variiert bzw. auf einen äußerst geringen Wert eingestellt werden.With the configuration according to claim 13, the exhaled pressure, ie the pressure at which the lip area opens, can be varied or set to an extremely low value.

Der Anspruch 14 beschreibt eine platzsparende Ausgestaltung des Ausatemventils, bei der darüberhinaus weniger die Gefahr besteht, daß sich der Träger der Maske durch das herabhängende Ventil gestört fühlt.The claim 14 describes a space-saving design of the exhalation valve, in which there is also less the risk that the wearer of the mask feels disturbed by the hanging valve.

In den Ansprüchen 15 und 16 wird ein besonders bevorzugtes Verfahren zum Herstellen des Lippenventils angegeben, mit dem auf eine einfache Weise die notwendige dünne Wandstärke im Lippenbereich bzw., wenn gewünscht, unterschiedliche Wandstärken hergestellt werden können.In claims 15 and 16, a particularly preferred method for producing the lip valve is specified, with which the necessary thin wall thickness in the lip area or, if desired, different wall thicknesses can be produced in a simple manner.

Ein Ausführungsbeipiel der Erfindung ist anhand der Zeichnugen nachfolgend näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen filtrierenden Halbmaske,
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt II/II aus Figur 1 mit einem ungeschnittenen Lippenventil,
  • Fig. 3 ein geschnittenes Ausatemventil entlang der Linie II/II beim Ausatmen,
  • Fig. 4 die Darstellung aus Fig. 3 beim Einatmen, und
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Ausatemventil.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 is a perspective view of a filtering half mask according to the invention,
  • 2 shows the section II / II of Figure 1 with an uncut lip valve,
  • 3 shows a sectioned exhalation valve along the line II / II when exhaling,
  • Fig. 4 shows the representation of Fig. 3 when inhaled, and
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of an exhalation valve according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung einer filtrierenden Halbmaske 1, die in eine an die Gesichtsform des Normalträgers angepaßte Form gebracht wurde. Die Halbmaske 1 beste ht aus einer in beiden Richtungen für die Atemluft durchlässigen aber Schadstoffe ausfilternden Filterwandung 2 und ist mit Hilfe einer um den Hinterkopf laufenden Bebänderung 3 vor Mund und Nase zu tragen. Die Bebänderung 3 ist mit Laschen 4 an der Halbmaske 1 angeordnet. Im Bereich des Mundes des Trägers durchragt, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, ein Ausatemventil 5 die Filterwandung 2 der Halbmaske 1.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a filtering half mask 1, which has been brought into a shape adapted to the face shape of the normal wearer. The half mask 1 consists of a filter wall 2 which is permeable for breathing air in both directions but filters out pollutants and is to be worn in front of the mouth and nose with the aid of a band 3 running around the back of the head. The strapping 3 is with tabs 4 the half mask 1 arranged. In the region of the mouth of the wearer, as shown in FIG. 2, an exhalation valve 5 projects through the filter wall 2 of the half mask 1.

Das Ventil 5 ist einstückig aus einem dünnen, flexiblen Material, wie beispielsweise ein gummiähnlicher Kunststoff oder dergleichen, gefertigt und weist einen im wesentlichen schlauchförmigen Lippenbereich 6 auf, der derart flachgedrückt ist, daß eine Auslaßöffnung 7 am unteren Ende des Lippenbereichs normalerweise geschlossen ist und sich nur unter der Wirkung des Ausatemdruckes schlitz- bis kreisförmig öffnet. An dem der Auslaßöffnung 7 abgewandten Ende des Lippenbereichs 6 ist eine Eintrittsöffnung 8 vorgesehen, deren Achse im wesentlichen senkrecht zum allgemeinen Verlauf des oberen Lippenbereichs 6 verläuft. Der Querschnitt der Eintrittsöffnung 8 ist auf den Querschnitt einer Öffnung 9 in der Filterwandung 2 abgestimmt und wird durch eine Einschnürung 10 in der Wandung des Ventils 5 gebildet. Die Breite der Einschnürung 10 entspricht im wesentlichen der Stärke der Filterwandung 2, so daß der Bereich um die Öffnung 9 in der Filterwandung 2 im Inneren der Einschnürung 10 aufgenommen wird. Dabei sind die Seitenbegrenzungen der Einschnürung 10 als ringförmige Dichtflächen 10a und 10b ausgebildet, die sich von innen und außen gegen die Filterwandung legen. Im Bereich einer oder beider Dichtflächen kann die Wandstärke zusätzlich wulstartig erhöht sein, was die Dichtwirkung weiter verbessert. Die Wandung des Ventils 5 erweitert sich in das Innere der Halbmaske 1 zu einem trichterförmigen Sammelraum 11. Der trichterförmige Sammelraum 11 ist direkt vor dem Bereich des Mundes des Trägers angeordnet und leitet die Ausatemluft in Richtung auf die Eintrittsöffnung 8. Dabei befindet sich an der der Dichtfläche 10a gegenüber liegenden Wandung eine Druckfläche 11a, an der der Ausatemdruck angreifen und die Dichtfläche 10a gegen die Filterwandung 2 drücken kannn. Durch ihre flexible Ausgestaltung dehnt sich weiterhin die Wandung des Trichters 11, so daß um die Entrittsöffnung 8 radiale Zugkräfte erzeugt werden, die die Wandung fest gegen die Öffnung 9 in der Filterwandung 2 pressen. Zwischen dem Lippenbereich 6 und der Eintrittsöffnung 8 ist ein weiterer, etwas kleinerer Sammelraum 12 für die Ausatemluft vorgesehen. Der Sammelraum 12 ist als kuppelförmige Auswölbung ausgestaltet.The valve 5 is made in one piece from a thin, flexible material, such as a rubber-like plastic or the like, and has a substantially tubular lip area 6 which is flattened such that an outlet opening 7 at the lower end of the lip area is normally closed and open only opens in a slit to a circle under the effect of exhaled pressure. At the end of the lip region 6 facing away from the outlet opening 7, an inlet opening 8 is provided, the axis of which runs essentially perpendicular to the general course of the upper lip region 6. The cross section of the inlet opening 8 is matched to the cross section of an opening 9 in the filter wall 2 and is formed by a constriction 10 in the wall of the valve 5. The width of the constriction 10 corresponds essentially to the thickness of the filter wall 2, so that the area around the opening 9 in the filter wall 2 is accommodated in the interior of the constriction 10. The side boundaries of the constriction 10 are designed as annular sealing surfaces 10a and 10b, which lie against the filter wall from the inside and outside. In the area of one or both sealing surfaces, the wall thickness can additionally be increased in a bead-like manner, which further improves the sealing effect. The wall of the valve 5 widens into the interior of the half mask 1 to form a funnel-shaped collecting space 11. The funnel-shaped collecting space 11 is arranged directly in front of the area of the mouth of the wearer and directs the exhaled air in the direction of the inlet opening 8 Sealing surface 10a opposite wall a pressure surface 11a, on which exhale pressure act and can press the sealing surface 10a against the filter wall 2. Due to its flexible design, the wall of the funnel 11 continues to expand, so that radial tensile forces are generated around the entry opening 8 and press the wall firmly against the opening 9 in the filter wall 2. A further, somewhat smaller collecting space 12 for the exhaled air is provided between the lip area 6 and the inlet opening 8. The collecting space 12 is designed as a dome-shaped bulge.

Zumindest am Übergang zum Lippenbereich 6 ist an der der kuppelförmigen Auswölbung 12 zugewandten Seite der sich um die Eintrittsöffnung 8 erstreckenden Wandung eine wulstartige Verdickung 13 vorgesehen, an deren Oberfläche 13b die gegenüberliegende Dichtfläche 13a der kuppelförmigen Ausnehmung 12 gezogen wird. Die Einatemrichtung ist durch den Pfeil dargestellt. Dabei wölbt sich die kuppelförmige Auswölbung nach innen, wobei gleichzeitig die Dichtfläche 10b der Einschnürung 10 fest gegen die Filterwandung 2 gepreßt wird. Auf diese Weise kann weder durch die Austrittsöffnung 7 noch im Bereich der Öffnung 9 in der Filterwandung 2 ungefilterte Luft in das Innere der Maske 1 gelangen.At least at the transition to the lip area 6, on the side facing the dome-shaped bulge 12 of the wall extending around the inlet opening 8, a bead-like thickening 13 is provided, on the surface 13b of which the opposite sealing surface 13a of the dome-shaped recess 12 is drawn. The direction of inspiration is shown by the arrow. The dome-shaped bulge bulges inwards, at the same time the sealing surface 10b of the constriction 10 is pressed firmly against the filter wall 2. In this way, unfiltered air cannot get into the interior of the mask 1 either through the outlet opening 7 or in the region of the opening 9 in the filter wall 2.

Die Wandungsstärke im Lippenbereich 6 ist derart gewählt, daß sich die Auslaßöffnung 7 auch bei den in der Halbmaske 1 auftretenden geringen Ausatemdrücken zuverlässig öffnet. Wie Figur 3 zeigt, kann jedoch für die übrigen Teile der Wandung eine größere Wandstärke gewählt werden, wenn dies aus Festigkeitsgründen erforderlich erscheint. Der Übergang zwischen den Teile geringer Wandstärke und der größeren Wandstärke kann kontinuierlich wie gezeichnet, oder stufenweise erfolgen. Weiterhin kann der Lippenbereich 6, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt an die Außenkontur der Filterwandung 2 angepaßt werden. Bei der Erprobung haben sich Wandstärken von 0,3 mm im Lippenbereich in der Nähe der Austrittsöffnung 7 bewährt, währ end für die übrigen Teile eine Wandstärke von 0,8 mm vorgesehen wurde. Eine weitere Verringerung des notwendigen Ausatemdruckes kann erreicht werden, indem der Lippenbereich wie Figur 5 zeigt, in Richtung auf die Auslaßöffnung 7 schmaler wird.The wall thickness in the lip area 6 is selected such that the outlet opening 7 opens reliably even at the low exhalation pressures occurring in the half mask 1. As FIG. 3 shows, however, a larger wall thickness can be selected for the remaining parts of the wall if this appears necessary for reasons of strength. The transition between the parts of small wall thickness and the larger wall thickness can take place continuously as shown, or in stages. Furthermore, the lip area 6, as in Figure 2 shown to be adapted to the outer contour of the filter wall 2. During testing, wall thicknesses of 0.3 mm in the lip area in the vicinity of the outlet opening 7 have proven themselves, while a wall thickness of 0.8 mm has been provided for the remaining parts. A further reduction in the necessary exhalation pressure can be achieved by narrowing the lip area as shown in FIG. 5 in the direction of the outlet opening 7.

Bei der Montage wird zunächst die Öffnung 9 in die Halbmaske 1 eingeformt, wobei deren Durchmesser auf den Durchmesser der Eintrittsöffnung 8 und umgekehrt abgestimmt werden müssen. Das Ausatemventil wird einstückig durch Tauchen einer entsprechenden Positivform in ein Bad des verwendeten Kunststoffes hergestellt. Für den Fall, daß im Bereich außerhalb der Lippen eine etwas größere Wandstärke gewünscht wird, als die an den Ausatemdruck angepaßte Wandstärke im Lippenbereich, hat sich ein zweistufiges Tauchverfahren als zweckmäßig erwiesen, bei dem diejenigen Teile, bei denen eine größere Wandstärke gewünscht wird, entsprechend öfters in das Bad derart eingetaucht werden, daß sich die erforderliche Anzahl von Materialschichten bis zur gewünschten Wandstärke übereinander anlagern. Dann wird das AusatemVentil in die Öffnung der Halbmaske eingesetzt und nach Bedarf festgeklebt.During assembly, the opening 9 is first molded into the half mask 1, the diameter of which must be matched to the diameter of the inlet opening 8 and vice versa. The exhalation valve is made in one piece by dipping a corresponding positive mold into a bath of the plastic used. In the event that a somewhat larger wall thickness is desired in the area outside the lips than the wall thickness in the lip area adapted to the exhaled pressure, a two-stage immersion process has proven to be expedient, in which those parts for which a larger wall thickness is desired, are correspondingly are often immersed in the bath in such a way that the required number of layers of material are stacked up to the desired wall thickness. Then the exhalation valve is inserted into the opening of the half mask and glued on as required.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das gezeichnete und beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Insbesondere die Form der Auswölbung kann variiert werden, beispielsweise kann statt der kuppelförmigen Auswölbung eine zylinderförmige Auswölbung vorgesehen werden. Auch andere Formen sind denkbar, solange sichergestellt ist, daß die Auslaßöffnung durch den Unterdruck beim Einatmen sicher geschlossen gehalten werden kann, ohne daß der notwendige Öffnungsdruck beim Ausatmen erhöht wird. In der Öffnung in der Filterwandung kann weiterhin eine gesonderte Dichtung vorgesehen werden, die die äußere Abdichtung zwischen dem Ventil und der Filterwandung übernimmt.The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment. In particular, the shape of the bulge can be varied, for example a cylindrical one instead of the dome-shaped bulge Bulge can be provided. Other shapes are also conceivable, as long as it is ensured that the outlet opening can be kept securely closed by the negative pressure when inhaling, without the necessary opening pressure being increased when exhaling. A separate seal can also be provided in the opening in the filter wall, which takes over the external sealing between the valve and the filter wall.

Die Abmessungen des Ausatemventils, insbesondere die Länge und Breite des Lippenbereichs wird in Relation zur Wandstärke auf den Ausatemdruck abgestimmt. The dimensions of the exhalation valve, in particular the length and width of the lip area, are matched to the exhalation pressure in relation to the wall thickness.

Claims (16)

1. Filtrierende Halbmaske mit einer für die Ein- und Ausatemluft in beiden Richtungen durchlässigen Filterwandung und einem in einer Öffnung in der Wandung abgedichtet angeordneten Ausatemventil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausatemventil (5) eine Wandung aus einem flexiblen Material mit einer in der Öffnung (9) der Filterwandung (2) angeordneten Eintrittsöffnung (8) und eine außerhalb der Filterwandung (2) angeordnete Auslaßöffnung (7) aufweist, die durch zwei in einem Lippenbereich (6) aneinander anliegenden, dünnen Wandungsteilen verschließbar ist.1. Filtering half mask with a filter wall which is permeable to the inhalation and exhalation air in both directions and an exhalation valve arranged in a sealed manner in an opening in the wall, characterized in that the exhalation valve (5) is a wall made of a flexible material with an in the opening ( 9) of the filter wall (2) arranged inlet opening (8) and an outside of the filter wall (2) arranged outlet opening (7) which can be closed by two thin wall parts abutting one another in a lip area (6). 2. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdichtung mindestens eine an der Wandung des Ausatemventils (5) ange formte, ringförmige Dichtfläche (10,11) enthält.2. Filtering half mask according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal is at least one on the wall of the exhalation valve (5) shaped, annular sealing surface (10,11) contains. 3. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Wandung des Ausatemventils (5) durch die Öffnung (9) in der Filterwandung (2) hindurcherstreckt und eine Einschnürung (10) enthält, die in die Öffnung (9) der Filterwandung (10) einknüpfbar ist.3. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall of the exhalation valve (5) extends through the opening (9) in the filter wall (2) and contains a constriction (10) which in the opening ( 9) the filter wall (10) can be attached. 4. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der sich auf den Innenseite der Filterwandung (2) erstreckende Abschnitt der Einschnürung (10) als Dichtfläche (10a) ausgebildet ist.4. Filtering half mask according to claim 3, characterized in that the portion of the constriction (10) extending on the inside of the filter wall (2) is designed as a sealing surface (10a). 5. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der sich auf der Außenseite der Filterwandung (2) erstreckende Abschnitt der Einschnürung (10) als Dichtfläche (10b) ausgebildet ist.5. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the portion of the constriction (10) extending on the outside of the filter wall (2) is designed as a sealing surface (10b). 6. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Inneren der Maske (1) ein Sammelraum (11) für die Ausatemluft vorgesehen ist, der mit der Eintrittsöffnung (8) in Verbindung steht.6. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the interior of the mask (1) a collecting space (11) is provided for the exhaled air, which is in communication with the inlet opening (8). 7. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sammelraum (11) durch einen sich von der Einschnürung (10) nach innen erstreckenden, trichterförmigen Bereich der Wandung des Ausatemventiles (5) gebildet ist.7. Filtering half mask according to claim 6, characterized in that the collecting space (11) is formed by an inwardly extending, funnel-shaped region of the wall of the exhalation valve (5) from the constriction (10). 8. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der der Eintrittsöffnung (8) gegenüberliegenden Wandung des Ausatemventils (5) ein Sammelraum (12) vorgesehen ist, dessen Wandung sich durch den beim Einatmen auftretenden Unterdruck in Richtung auf die Enitrittsöffnung (8) eingezogen wird.8. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the inlet opening (8) opposite wall of the exhalation valve (5), a collecting space (12) is provided, the wall of which is drawn in by the negative pressure that occurs during inhalation in the direction of the enitrite opening (8). 9. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sammelraum als kuppelförmige Auswölbung der Wandung des Ausatemventils (5) ausgebildet ist.9. Filtering half mask according to claim 8, characterized in that the collecting space is designed as a dome-shaped bulge of the wall of the exhalation valve (5). 10. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Dichtflächen (13a, 13b) vorgesehen sind, die bei eingezogener Wandung des Sammelraums (12) beim Einatmen aneinander anliegen.10. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that sealing surfaces (13a, 13b) are provided which abut one another when inhaled when the wall of the collecting space (12) is drawn in. 11. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eine der Dichtflächen (13b) an einer in Richtung auf die andere Dichtfläche (13a) vorstehenden, wulstartigen Verdickung (13) angeordnet ist.11. Filtering half mask according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one of the sealing surfaces (13b) on a in the direction of the other sealing surface (13a) projecting, bead-like thickening (13) is arranged. 12. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der trichterförmige Sammelraum (10) im Bereich des Mundes des Trägers angeordnet ist, wobei seine Mittellinie im wesentlichen fluchtend mit der Mitellinie der Eintrittsöffnung (8) und der kuppelförmigen Auswölbung (12) ausgerichtet ist.12. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the funnel-shaped collecting space (10) is arranged in the region of the mouth of the wearer, its center line being essentially flush with the center line of the inlet opening (8) and the dome-shaped bulge ( 12) is aligned. 13. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausatemventil (5) in dem an der Auslaßöffnung (7) anliegenden Lippenbereich (6) eine verringerte Wandstärke aufweist.13. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the exhalation valve (5) in the lip area (6) adjacent to the outlet opening (7) has a reduced wall thickness. 14. Filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lippenbereich (6) bezüglich der Mittellinie der Eintrittsöf fnung (8) nach unten verläuft und der Kontur der Filterwandung (2) im wesentlichen folgt.14. Filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the lip region (6) with respect to the center line of the inlet opening (8) extends downwards and the contour of the filter wall (2) essentially follows. 15. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ausatemventils für eine filtrierende Halbmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Positivform des von der Wandung des Ausatemventils umschlossenen Innenraums in ein Bad aus flüssigem Gummi-oder Kuststoffmaterial getaucht wird.15. A method for producing an exhalation valve for a filtering half mask according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a positive shape of the interior enclosed by the wall of the exhalation valve is immersed in a bath made of liquid rubber or plastic material. 16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Positivform im Lippenbereich mit einer geringeren Anzahl von Tauchgängen eingetaucht wird als in den verbleibenden Bereichen.16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the positive shape is immersed in the lip area with a smaller number of dives than in the remaining areas.
EP86202027A 1986-11-06 1986-11-06 Respiratory face mask Withdrawn EP0266456A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86202027A EP0266456A1 (en) 1986-11-06 1986-11-06 Respiratory face mask
DE8787114646T DE3767662D1 (en) 1986-11-06 1987-10-07 BREATHING MASK.
AT87114646T ATE60241T1 (en) 1986-11-06 1987-10-07 RESPIRATORY MASK.
EP87114646A EP0267428B1 (en) 1986-11-06 1987-10-07 Breathing mask
US07/254,205 US4974586A (en) 1986-11-06 1988-10-06 Breathing mask

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86202027A EP0266456A1 (en) 1986-11-06 1986-11-06 Respiratory face mask

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0266456A1 true EP0266456A1 (en) 1988-05-11

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ID=8195822

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EP86202027A Withdrawn EP0266456A1 (en) 1986-11-06 1986-11-06 Respiratory face mask
EP87114646A Expired - Lifetime EP0267428B1 (en) 1986-11-06 1987-10-07 Breathing mask

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114646A Expired - Lifetime EP0267428B1 (en) 1986-11-06 1987-10-07 Breathing mask

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US (1) US4974586A (en)
EP (2) EP0266456A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE60241T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3767662D1 (en)

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DE102020111357B4 (en) 2020-04-27 2023-07-20 Demmel Aktiengesellschaft Mouth and nose mask with extended functions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3767662D1 (en) 1991-02-28
EP0267428B1 (en) 1991-01-23
US4974586A (en) 1990-12-04
ATE60241T1 (en) 1991-02-15
EP0267428A1 (en) 1988-05-18

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