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EP0254835A1 - Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement de tunnel en béton de revêtement et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement de tunnel en béton de revêtement et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254835A1
EP0254835A1 EP87107717A EP87107717A EP0254835A1 EP 0254835 A1 EP0254835 A1 EP 0254835A1 EP 87107717 A EP87107717 A EP 87107717A EP 87107717 A EP87107717 A EP 87107717A EP 0254835 A1 EP0254835 A1 EP 0254835A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
lining
tunnel
lining concrete
formwork
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87107717A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0254835B1 (fr
EP0254835B2 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Dr.-Ing. Hillemeier
Jens Dipl.-Ing. Glöyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hochtief AG
Original Assignee
Hochtief AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25845172&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0254835(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19863622203 external-priority patent/DE3622203A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19863644532 external-priority patent/DE3644532A1/de
Application filed by Hochtief AG filed Critical Hochtief AG
Publication of EP0254835A1 publication Critical patent/EP0254835A1/fr
Publication of EP0254835B1 publication Critical patent/EP0254835B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0254835B2 publication Critical patent/EP0254835B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/06—Solidifying concrete, e.g. by application of vacuum before hardening
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/60—Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates generically to a method for producing a tunnel lining from lining concrete in the course of tunneling with a tunnel boring machine, for. B. shield tunneling machine, with the help of a tunnel formwork a tunnel lining ring space is set up, which is closed on the driving machine side by a front formwork and at the rear end of the tunnel formwork is completed by already hardened concrete, wherein at least one concrete delivery line opens into the tunnel lining ring space and through the concrete delivery line of the lining concrete in the Liner annulus is pumped in, the tunnel formwork is further implemented after sufficient hardening of the heated lining concrete for this purpose, following the progressive tunneling.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing such a method.
  • the tunnel formwork can be one that is composed of individual elements that can be dismantled and implemented. However, it can also be a sliding formwork, which is gradually and more or less continuously retraced as the tunnel progresses and implemented in this sense.
  • inductive transmission antennas for electromagnetic waves in the form of radiation coils or capacitive radiation elements are built into the formwork elements of the tunnel formwork.
  • the known measures have proven themselves. The time period until the lining concrete introduced has reached a sufficient strength can be reduced considerably. The tunnel formwork can therefore be implemented very early, following the progressive tunneling. In other words, the length of the tunnel formwork can be reduced considerably.
  • the expenditure on equipment is considerable, however, because the tunnel formwork must be equipped with special formwork elements set up in the manner described.
  • the invention has for its object to carry out the generic method so that a special tunnel formwork with formwork elements that have inductive transmit antennas or capacitive radiation elements is no longer required.
  • the invention teaches that a lining concrete is used which can be processed at a temperature of about 20 ° C for more than two hours, but after heating to a temperature in the range between 40 and 70 ° C after 10 to 30 Minutes, preferably after about 10 minutes, can no longer be processed, and that the flowing lining concrete in the area of the face formwork in the concrete delivery line is heated to the temperature in the range between 40 to 70 ° C. by the direct introduction of electrical energy. It is understood that the concrete is workable for about 10 minutes. The direct introduction of electrical energy ensures that heat is generated in all volume elements of the flowing lining concrete and Lining concrete is heated through and through without any disturbing temperature gradients (as occurs when heated by heat conduction).
  • a lining concrete is preferably used which, after heating to a temperature of approximately 50 ° C., can no longer be processed after approximately 15 minutes.
  • the electrical energy can be introduced in various ways within the scope of the invention.
  • the lining concrete can also be heated within the scope of the invention by introducing electromagnetic waves.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the lining concrete is heated between electrodes. This embodiment is of particular importance. It is easy to work with a lining concrete that, in addition to the usual components (such as cement, sand, gravel and concrete admixtures such as plasticizers and retarders), also contains steel fibers. In addition, fillers can always be mixed with a lining concrete.
  • the electrical energy is expediently introduced in the immediate vicinity of the face formwork. However, a distance of a few meters can also be achieved. In this respect, the introduction of electrical energy in the area of the forehead formwork can depend on the operating conditions.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a concrete, which is set as indicated, surprisingly hardens in the tunnel lining ring space to such an extent in a short time that the formwork can be implemented, although electrical energy is no longer introduced into the tunnel formwork ring space, so further heating does not more is done. It is understood that the heat of hydration caused by the reaction is released after a certain time.
  • the tangible The heat of the lining concrete entering the tunnel lining ring space together with the heat of hydration is sufficient for the accelerated stiffening and hardening.
  • there are no problems if the normal operation of tunneling is disturbed for some reason and the tunneling stops for a period of about two hours or less.
  • the lining concrete remains sufficiently flowable in the concrete delivery line to be conveyed further by pumping in further lining concrete when operation is resumed. It is understood that the introduction of electrical energy is immediately interrupted in the event of such a fault. Then there is also no disturbing hardening of the lining concrete in the area of this discharge point.
  • the tunnel formwork can be implemented very early when the method according to the invention is implemented, and consequently a relatively short tunnel formwork can be used. The fact that very simple devices can be used to carry out the method is particularly advantageous.
  • the basic structure of such a device is characterized by at least one pipe section in the concrete delivery line, which is set up as a device for the introduction of electrical energy into the lining concrete.
  • the pipe section consists of a preferred embodiment of the invention made of an electrically non-conductive material, the inside of the tube, for. B. opposite, electrodes with external connection devices for electrical cables, which in turn are connected via a transformer to the network or to a generator. It can be standard alternating current.
  • Another embodiment is characterized in that the pipe section does not have an electrical connection consists of conductive material and has at least one inductive or capacitive antenna which is connected to an associated transmitter. It is understood that customary adjustments and coordination must be carried out within the scope of the invention.
  • the device for introducing the electrical energy into the lining concrete has a control and / or regulating device which controls the supply of electrical energy in accordance with the volume flow and the starting temperature and the specified end temperature. Accordingly, pipe sections of different lengths can also be used.
  • FIG. 1 shows the end 1 of a tunnel boring machine (not shown) on the left and, to the right, a front formwork 2 with the subsequent tunnel formwork made up of a plurality of tunnel formwork elements 3. It can also be a sliding formwork.
  • the tunnel tube 5 can also be seen in the surrounding mountains 4. For reasons of clarity, only the longitudinal sections have been shown in FIG. 1, but not the projections of the components and units mentioned on the drawing plane.
  • Lining concrete is pumped into the tunnel lining ring space 6 between the tunnel formwork from the tunnel formwork elements 3 and the mountains 4.
  • the feed line 7 shown above in FIG. 1 is used for this purpose.
  • a special feed line section 8 can be seen in the feed line 7. It is a special pipe section which is set up in such a way that the lining concrete in its area in the feed line 7 by supplying electrical Energy can be heated. For this purpose, heat is generated in the volume elements of the concrete and the lining concrete is thereby thoroughly heated before entering the tunnel lining ring space 6, specifically to a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C., preferably 50 to 60 ° C.
  • the feed line section 8, in which the heating takes place, is practically immediately before the entry of the lining concrete in the tunnel lining ring space 6. It goes without saying that fittings and measuring devices can be arranged in the feed line 7, 8 and between 8 and the front formwork 2.
  • an electrolytic heating device 9 can be seen with a non-conductive tube section 8 as the feed line section of the feed line 7 and electrodes 11, 12 installed therein and attached to the inner wall section 10 and assigned to the phases of a technical alternating current.
  • the electrodes 11, 12 are connected to the corresponding phases 13, 14 of a power-adjustable transformer 15, which was shown in FIG. 1.
  • the electrodes 11, 12 lie opposite one another in the tube section.
  • three electrodes would be provided and offset from one another by 120 °.
  • FIG 4 shows the conditions for a dielectric heating device 9 with a tube section 8 which has inductive and / or capacitive transmission antennas 16, 17 which are connected to a power-controlled transmitter which is arranged approximately where in FIG 1 the transformer is located.
  • the pipe section 8 is made of non-conductive material, the transmission antennas 16, 17 are placed on the outside.
  • FIG. 5 shows how the lining concrete is set and how it behaves during the process according to the invention.
  • the time in minutes is plotted on the abscissa axis, and the slump according to DIN in cm on the ordinate axis.
  • the consistency of fresh concrete ie how soft the concrete is and how this softness changes over time, is measured using the slump.
  • a concrete cone is allowed to flow apart on a shock table.
  • the diameter of the poured concrete is the slump.
  • the concrete that is used as lining concrete according to the invention has the specified special features in the "workability” and "hardening" areas.
  • the concrete can be adjusted according to the prevailing teachings of concrete technology. This setting surprisingly has the consequence that in the first minutes up to the time period of about 10 to 30 minutes there is no annoying stiffening even after the introduction of the electrical energy up to the setting of the predetermined temperature. At a temperature of 20 ° C, the curve, which is provided in FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP19870107717 1986-07-02 1987-05-27 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement de tunnel en béton de revêtement et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre Expired - Lifetime EP0254835B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863622203 DE3622203A1 (de) 1986-03-26 1986-07-02 Verfahren zur herstellung einer tunnelauskleidung und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3622203 1986-07-02
DE19863644532 DE3644532A1 (de) 1986-03-10 1986-12-24 Verfahren zur herstellung einer tunnelauskleidung aus auskleidungsbeton und vorrichtung fuer die durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3644532 1986-12-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254835A1 true EP0254835A1 (fr) 1988-02-03
EP0254835B1 EP0254835B1 (fr) 1990-10-03
EP0254835B2 EP0254835B2 (fr) 1996-05-01

Family

ID=25845172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870107717 Expired - Lifetime EP0254835B2 (fr) 1986-07-02 1987-05-27 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement de tunnel en béton de revêtement et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0254835B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6367398A (fr)
DE (1) DE3765341D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2291099A (en) * 1994-07-02 1996-01-17 George Henry Slade Tunnel lining

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4750568B2 (ja) * 2006-01-30 2011-08-17 佐藤工業株式会社 トンネル合流部の構築方法およびトンネル合流部構造
CN109339817B (zh) * 2018-08-30 2020-07-03 上海隧道工程有限公司 用于机械法联络通道曲面管片的切削控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2636530A1 (de) * 1976-07-15 1978-05-03 Fisher Erwaermung von halbleitern
DE2813462A1 (de) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-11 Bonnkirch Ray J Vorrichtung zum vorwaermen von beton vor dem vergiessen
FR2461425A1 (fr) * 1979-07-06 1981-01-30 Electricite De France Dispositif de chauffage electrique, en continu, d'un produit liquide ou pateux electriquement conducteur, notamment du beton
FR2485860A2 (fr) * 1980-06-25 1981-12-31 Electricite De France Dispositif de chauffage electrique, en continu, d'un produit liquide ou pateux electriquement conducteur, notamment du beton
DE3508966A1 (de) 1985-03-13 1986-09-25 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer tunnelauskleidung aus beton im zuge des tunnelvortriebs mit einer tunnelvortriebsmaschine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5213652A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-02-02 Hitachi Ltd Thickkfilm capacitor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2636530A1 (de) * 1976-07-15 1978-05-03 Fisher Erwaermung von halbleitern
DE2813462A1 (de) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-11 Bonnkirch Ray J Vorrichtung zum vorwaermen von beton vor dem vergiessen
FR2461425A1 (fr) * 1979-07-06 1981-01-30 Electricite De France Dispositif de chauffage electrique, en continu, d'un produit liquide ou pateux electriquement conducteur, notamment du beton
FR2485860A2 (fr) * 1980-06-25 1981-12-31 Electricite De France Dispositif de chauffage electrique, en continu, d'un produit liquide ou pateux electriquement conducteur, notamment du beton
DE3508966A1 (de) 1985-03-13 1986-09-25 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer tunnelauskleidung aus beton im zuge des tunnelvortriebs mit einer tunnelvortriebsmaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2291099A (en) * 1994-07-02 1996-01-17 George Henry Slade Tunnel lining

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6367398A (ja) 1988-03-26
EP0254835B1 (fr) 1990-10-03
JPH0562200B2 (fr) 1993-09-07
EP0254835B2 (fr) 1996-05-01
DE3765341D1 (de) 1990-11-08

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