EP0253759A2 - Package for the transport of delicate or easily breakable articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The package is used for transporting articles, such as cameras, measuring equipment, glass or porcelain. Insert cards (10) are provided which are arranged parallel to the surrounding sides of the outside package (22) and are supported on the surrounding surfaces. These insert cards bear transverse webs (12), on which the articles (13, 14a, 14b) to be packaged are stored (Fig. 2). <IMAGE>

Description

The innovation relates to packaging for the transport of sensitive or easily fragile objects according to the preamble of claim 1.

Numerous solutions have already become known for accommodating sensitive or easily fragile objects - such as cameras, measuring devices, glass or porcelain - in almost shockproof packaging. In order to optimally secure the object to be packed in all directions, packaging is used which almost completely encloses the respective object. Deep-drawn parts made of polystyrene or inserts made of foam molded parts, which are cut or foamed in accordance with the shape of the object to be packaged, are often used for this purpose. Packaging is also already known which is made, for example, of styrofoam or a similar material and has the corresponding shape of the object to be packaged on the inside.

From German Offenlegungsschrift 3 420 942 a packaging for such purposes is known, in which the covering is completely or partially filled and separated vertically in two or more directions up to the height of a connecting part, so that the columnar parts thus formed, which are connected to one another the connecting part are connected, are easily deformable. This ensures that the packaging for a lot number of different objects is to be used and the inner part of the packaging easily adapts or adapts to the object to be packaged, with a slight pressure being exerted on its surface and the inner part at least partially retaining the shape of the object after removal or removal of the packaged object . The casing can be formed from wood, sheet metal, plastic material or the like. In this known packaging, however, it is disadvantageous that the space required for storing packaging material is disproportionately large.

From German utility model 7 338 110 a packaging made of a material in the form of flat sheets of paper, cardboard, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, wood materials or the like with a one or two-sided coating made of plastic is known, in which a molded foam covering on the carrier as a plastic coating is arranged, the covering consists of evenly distributed elevations, between which corresponding depressions are provided, into which the elevations can engage. This makes it possible to trace the large range of individual boxes, crates and cushions that had been required up to that point to a standard range. If open-cell foams are used, they can be deaerated by sending a vacuum before shipping to the user and during storage there until use. The foam layers go back to a fraction of the original height. This height is held by a shrink film or vacuum-proof packaging. After removing the vacuum, the foam expands back to its original size. This considerably reduces the storage space required for stockpiling. However, this type of packaging does not offer any satisfactory Solution when sending bulk goods - for example, stacked plates, cups or bowls made of porcelain.

A packaging for sensitive or fragile objects is also known from German Auslegeschrift 1 203 671, in which at least one object is arranged within a container and the space between the object and the container walls is filled with a flexible, loose, flowable, thin-walled protective material.

In order to avoid "wandering" of the packaged item through the packaging material due to continuous vibration or due to continuous impacts, for example in a truck or railway wagon, and contact with a wall of the shipping container and subsequent breakage, compressible tubes are used as protective material, which one have an average diameter of approximately 1.5 to 13 mm and in which the ratio of the length to the diameter is approximately 4: 1 to 8: 1. These tubes can be, for example, paper sleeves that are coated with a glue or resinous material. The tubes can also be made entirely or partially of plastic and in both cases can be provided with a surface which counteracts sliding. Such packaging material can be conveniently poured into recesses and openings in irregularly shaped objects and into the space delimited by a packaging container. Since this packaging material is flowable, it can adapt to all conceivable shapes. A particular advantage of the tubes is that they offer increased resistance to the "wandering" of an object through the packaging material with an elastic or rubber-like surface. If the shipping carton is also with a small Excess material is packed so that the material is pressurized to a certain extent after closing, the friction effect against migration of the object is further increased. The disadvantage here is that the space required for the storage of the packaging material is very large.

A packaging insert is known from German Auslegeschrift 2 121 584, which consists of an upper or cover part and a lower or lower part with recesses for receiving and holding interchangeable fillers adapted to the object to be packaged, the recesses running parallel to one another and extending cross at right angles. Filling elements can be inserted into this packaging insert, which consist of webs crossing at right angles and are matched to the aforementioned recesses. However, the adaptability to different shapes of the objects to be packaged is relatively low.

Finally, from German published patent application 1 931 611 a collapsible packaging insert with several packing cells is known, as is required when several objects, for example bottles or glasses, are to be packed in a box or in a carton. However, the previously known packaging insert is not suitable for the packaging of porcelain and vitreous bodies whose spatial shape differs significantly from that of bottles.

Porcelain parts, such as cups, plates and bowls, are often shipped in stacks. The individual parts of a stack are padded with elastic intermediate layers. In many cases, these intermediate layers are not sufficient to prevent breakage during transport avoid. This is due to the fact that shock waves, for example, have to be diverted from the top object of the stack over all other objects of this stack to the bottom of the packaging, and shock waves thus pass through all objects. Even if experienced professional packers are used, a significant proportion of breakage, which is usually 15% or more, can hardly be avoided.

The innovation is based on the task of creating packaging which is also well suited for the transport of sensitive and fragile stacked goods.

According to the innovation, the solution is provided by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Einsatz­karte mit Ausnehmungen für die Aufnahme von Querstegen in der Draufsicht,
• Fig. 2 eine solche Einsatzkarte mit Querstegen in der Seitenansicht und
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine Außenverpackung mit Einsatzkarten, Steckkarten und zu verpacken­der Stapelware.

The innovation is explained below with reference to the drawing figures, for example. Show it:

• 1 is a schematic representation of an insert card with recesses for receiving crossbars in plan view,
• Fig. 2 such an insert card with crossbars in the side view and
• Fig. 3 is a plan view of an outer packaging with insert cards, plug-in cards and stacked goods to be packed.

Insert cards 10, which are provided with recesses 11 arranged vertically one above the other, are placed or placed on the peripheral surfaces of an outer packaging 22, which can consist, for example, of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, sheet metal, wood or plastic. In these recesses crossbars 12 are inserted and fixed essentially rigidly, which then serve, according to FIG. 2, to accommodate plates 13 or bowls 14 (bowl 14a, lid 14b). It is important that, for example, the plates 13 rest as close as possible to the mechanical clamping point 15, so that relatively short lever arms for the forces resulting from the weight and possible impacts become effective on the crosspieces 12. The spacing of the individual transverse webs 12 from one another is predetermined by the respective shape of the objects to be packed, for example the plate 13.

If, for example, cups or bowls 14a are to be packed with associated lids 14b, the distance between the transverse webs 12 must be increased accordingly. When packaging bowls 14a, it has proven to be expedient to provide continuous transverse floors 16 between the individual bowls 14, which also consist of cardboard, corrugated cardboard or other suitable materials and are held laterally between two transverse webs 12. For better fixation of the bowl 14a in the vertical direction, transverse supports 17a and 17b can be provided, which are arranged on the side of the transverse floor 16 facing the bowl 14a or between different crossbars 12.

Instead of or in addition to the arrangement of the aforementioned recesses 11 on the insert card 10, comb-like attachments 18 or individual spacer strips 25 (between the transverse webs 12) can also be glued on or fastened in another suitable manner, the transverse webs 12 then in the recesses 20 of the comb-like attachment 18 or between the spacer strips 25 and can be permanently attached.

Instead of a single comb-like attachment 18, two mirror-like comb-like attachments 19 a and 19 b can also be arranged on the insert card 10, the recesses 20 of which are aligned in such a way that recesses 20 extending across the individual comb-like attachments 19 a, 19 b arise . The transverse webs 12 are inserted into these recesses 20 and permanently fixed.

As already mentioned above, it is important to keep the lever arms as small as possible for the forces acting on the crosspieces 12. This is achieved in that the insert cards 10 encompass the objects to be packaged, such as plates 13 or bowls 14, in the horizontal direction, as far as possible, without any scope. To achieve this, the insert cards 10 are deposited after the completion of the actual packaging process inside the outer packaging 22 with additional plug-in cards 21, which can be made of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, foam or foam rubber. The plug-in cards 21 achieve an elastic pressure of the insert cards 10 against the objects to be packaged, for example plates 13. The plug-in cards 21 can also be of different thicknesses, if necessary, in order to enable adaptation to the respective needs.

FIG. 3 shows a quadrangular - or more precisely a square - cross section of the outer packaging 22. Of course, a different polygonal cross section could also be selected, for example a triangular, a quadrangular, a pentagonal or a hexagonal cross section. It is crucial that the objects to be packaged, for example the plates 13, have a sufficient number of support points. Any cross-section that meets this requirement can be used. For reasons of easier handling and better storage options, however, triangular, square or hexagonal cross sections should be preferred.

The outer packaging 22 can consist of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, wood, sheet metal or plastic material. The insert cards 10 will preferably consist of corrugated cardboard, plastic or styrofoam. In particular when using plastic or polystyrene, the insert card 10 can also be formed in one piece with the transverse webs 12.

The plug-in card 21, which has the task of elastically pressing the insert card 10 against the objects 13, 14 to be packaged, can consist of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, foam or foam rubber.

In order to make it easier to remove the insert cards 10 and / or plug-in cards 21, these can be provided with handle openings 23.

The packaging described above has the great advantage that the individual parts 13, 14 to be packed are stored independently of one another within the packaging. so that impacts from the individual objects 13, 14 are derived onto the surrounding packaging and a transfer of impact-related forces from one object 13, 14 to be packed to the next are practically impossible. If a side surface of the outer packaging 22 is designed as a hinged lid 24, it is possible to insert the individual objects 13, 14 of the stack individually and to lift them out again. This makes it easy to check each individual part 13, 14 of the packaged stack. This is particularly advantageous when in one Retail store before handing over the goods to the customer to check the integrity of the packaged items individually. Each individual part can then be removed from the carton and then reinserted without the entire stack having to be lifted out of the packaging. Lifting out the individual packaged items understandably requires considerably less force than, for example, removing the entire stack at the same time. Also, the risk always present when the entire stack is removed, that it is overturned due to carelessness and thus causes significant breakage when individual parts 13, 14 are removed from the outer packaging 22.

The packaging described above has the advantage that the breakage and transport damage are significantly reduced. In addition, the handling when packing and stacking the goods is simplified and the packaged goods can be checked more easily by removing individual items. At the packaging point, the additional packaging materials required so far, such as foam, intermediate cardboard boxes, wood wool and the like, are no longer required. The packaging described above can be used as both disposable and reusable packaging. When using cardboard and corrugated cardboard, environmentally friendly packaging material is also available.

The special structure of the packaging described above avoids higher tool costs - such as are required for polystyrene and plastic molds. This is of particular advantage in small series.

The above-mentioned crossbars 12 can be kept very short in length and width and, when temporarily stored with the associated insert cards 10, can be stacked in mirror image to one another in such a way that the crossbars 12 of one insert card 10 into the spaces between two adjacent crossbars 12 of the other insert card 10 intervene. The storage space required for the intermediate storage is therefore relatively small.

Claims (11)

1. Packaging for the transport of sensitive or easily fragile objects, such as cameras, measuring instruments, glass or porcelain, characterized in that insert cards (10) are provided which are arranged parallel to the peripheral sides of the outer packaging (22) and are supported on the peripheral sides with transverse webs (12) which run perpendicularly to their main plane and which support the objects to be packaged (13, 14) vertically and horizontally and which are largely rigidly connected to the insert card (10). 2. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse webs (12) in corresponding slots (11) of the insert card (10) are inserted and fixed there. 3. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that a substantially comb-like attachment (18, 19) is fixed on the insert card (10) and the transverse webs (12) in the recesses (20) of the comb-like attachment (18, 19) permanently are attached. 4. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that on the insert card (10) two comb-like attachments (19a, 19b) are arranged in mirror image to one another with aligned recesses (20) such that over the individual comb-like attachments (19a, 19b) extensive recesses (20) arise. 5. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the insert cards (10) with the horizontal pressing of the insert cards (10) to the objects to be packaged (13, 14) serving additional plug-in cards (21) are stored. 6. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surrounding surfaces of the outer packaging (20) and the insert (10) and possibly the plug-in cards (21) overall a polygonal, for example triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, Form cross section. 7. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outer packaging (22) consists of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, wood, sheet metal or plastic material. 8. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insert card (10) consists of corrugated cardboard, plastic or polystyrene. 9. Packaging according to claim 8, characterized in that insert card (10) and crossbars (12) are integrally formed. 10. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the plug-in card (21) consists of cardboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic, foam or foam rubber. 11. Packaging according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the insert (10) and / or plug-in cards (21) are provided with handle openings (23).

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