EP0131215A2 - Recording materials with improved photosensitivity - Google Patents
Recording materials with improved photosensitivity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0131215A2 EP0131215A2 EP84107505A EP84107505A EP0131215A2 EP 0131215 A2 EP0131215 A2 EP 0131215A2 EP 84107505 A EP84107505 A EP 84107505A EP 84107505 A EP84107505 A EP 84107505A EP 0131215 A2 EP0131215 A2 EP 0131215A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- recording materials
- materials according
- charge
- acetylacetonate
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 title description 20
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 title description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AKTIAGQCYPCKFX-FDGPNNRMSA-L magnesium;(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Mg+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O AKTIAGQCYPCKFX-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims 7
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 47
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101100276989 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) dbp-10 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGBCLRRWZQSURU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(diphenylhydrazinylidene)methyl]-n,n-diethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C=NN(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YGBCLRRWZQSURU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N (Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one titanium Chemical compound [Ti].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBIUWALDKXACEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[bis(2,4-dioxopentan-3-yl)alumanyl]pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(C(C)=O)[Al](C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O)C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O XBIUWALDKXACEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical group OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001082241 Lythrum hyssopifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011449 Rosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N captafol Chemical group C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N chromium;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Cr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-FDGPNNRMSA-N copper;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Cu].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[3-(ethylamino)-6-ethylimino-2,7-dimethylxanthen-9-yl]benzoate;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=CC(=[NH+]CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQBLLJNPHDIAPN-LNTINUHCSA-K iron(3+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Fe+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O AQBLLJNPHDIAPN-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GWVMLCQWXVFZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CNCC2=C1 GWVMLCQWXVFZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003145 methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WSRHMJYUEZHUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical class C=12C3=CC=CC2=CC=CC=1C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O WSRHMJYUEZHUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pibenzimol Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C2=C1 INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010981 turquoise Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(4+) ion Chemical compound [Zr+4] GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0532—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/0546—Polymers comprising at least one carboxyl radical, e.g. polyacrylic acid, polycrotonic acid, polymaleic acid; Derivatives thereof, e.g. their esters, salts, anhydrides, nitriles, amides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
- G03G5/051—Organic non-macromolecular compounds
- G03G5/0514—Organic non-macromolecular compounds not comprising cyclic groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0662—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic containing metal elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to electrophotographic recording materials with electrically conductive supports, charge carrier-producing compounds or sensitizers, charge carrier transporting compounds and special additives.
- Electrophotographic processes, materials required therefor and various variants for the construction of recording materials are known.
- Materials made of polymeric binders which can be adapted to the special requirements of the respective field of application, low molecular weight organic compounds, which are soluble in the binders even in higher concentrations and are capable of transporting charge carriers of the electric current, and compounds are advantageous for use in the reproduction sector , in particular dyes or pigments, which generate charge carriers of the electrical current by absorption of the actinic light radiated imagewise and which can transfer them to the charge-transporting compounds with the aid of the electrical field impressed from the outside by the electrostatic surface charge.
- these charge carrier-producing compounds can be introduced as a separate layer within a composite structure (cf.
- the multilayer electrophotographic recording material described in DE-OS 22 20 408 consists of an electrically conductive carrier material, a first, containing dye, about 0.005 to 2 pm thick, by exposure to ! actinic light charge carrier of the electric current generating layer of dark insulating organic materials with at least one charge transporting compound.
- High photosensitivity is particularly desirable in order to reduce the required process times.
- the necessary exposure time plays an important role.
- the existing systems are frequently criticized.
- the object of the present invention was to develop electrophotographic recording materials, in particular for the production of electrophotographic printing forms, such as offset printing forms, which have improved photosensitivity, at the same time a low dark conductivity and good resolution.
- metal acetylacetonates improve photosensitivity, colored metal acetylacetonates - such as copper (II) acetylacetonate (blue), chromium (III) acetylacetonate (bordorot), iron (III) acetylacetonate (red), nickel (II ) acetylacetonate (turquoise green), palladium (II) acetylacetonate - but negatively affect the effect of the sensitizer, so that overall only slight improvements in photosensitivity result.
- the addition of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention greatly improves the photosensitivity and, at the same time, also significantly increases the maximum potential acceptance of the electrophotographic recording materials without changing the dark properties, so that an improved differentiation between exposed and unexposed areas of the loaded surface also improves the photosensitivity occurs.
- metal halides - such as zinc chloride, magnesium bromide, aluminum chloride - and ketones - such as acetophenone, benzophenone, benzil - can also improve the photosensitivity of certain organic photo semiconductor layers in small amounts (for example US Pat. No. 3,037,861, US Pat. No. 3,553,009, US 3,620,723).
- metal acetylacetonates are not included. It has also been confirmed that additions of metal halides and ketones do not produce the effects according to the invention. The effect of the acetylacetonates achieved according to the invention cannot be derived from the known additives for the person skilled in the art.
- the photosensitivity-improving metal acetylacetonates used according to the invention can advantageously be used both in single-layer and in multi-layer recording systems applied to electroconductive supports.
- Suitable single-layer systems preferably have a layer of (a) 45 to 75 parts by weight of a binder, (b) 30 to 60, in particular 35 to 50 parts by weight of a charge carrier transporting compound, (c) optionally 5 to 25 parts by weight of another on a conductive carrier material , essentially inactive binder, (d) 0.05 to 0.8 parts by weight of a compound which generates charge carriers upon actinic exposure, in particular a suitable dye, and (e) 0.5 to 30, in particular 3 to 15% by weight, based on the proportion of binder, one or more of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention.
- the layers are advantageously applied from an approximately 5% strength by weight solution in a suitable organic solvent to the cleaned conductive carrier material in such a way that a dry layer thickness of approximately 0 , 8 to 40 ⁇ m (depending on the intended use, in particular 0.8 to 6 pm for electrophotographic printing forms) resu lted.
- Suitable multilayer systems advantageously have on an electroconductive carrier material (a) a layer with compounds generating charge carriers and (b) a further layer with (b1) at least one charge carrier transporting compound, (b2) at least one organic binder and (b3) optionally further, in particular additives which improve the mechanical properties of the layer, layer (b) containing 0.5 to 30 and preferably 3 to 15% by weight, based on the proportion of binder, of one or more of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention.
- the layer (b) advantageously contains 30 to 60 parts by weight of (bl), 45 to 75 parts by weight of (b2) and, if appropriate, 5 to 25 parts by weight of the additives (b3).
- the first layer is advantageously applied to the support material in a thickness of 0.005 to 5, in particular 0.1 to 0.9, pm from solution in a suitable solvent.
- the second layer is advantageously applied in a thickness that results in a layer thickness of 5 to 25, in particular 7 to 15 ⁇ m, after drying the composite structure.
- all conductive carrier materials can be used as electrically conductive carriers, insofar as they are suitable for the area of application.
- aluminum is preferred minium, zinc, magnesium, copper or multi-metal plates, eg raw or pre-treated, z.8. roughened and / or anodized aluminum sheets, aluminum foils, polymer films with a metallized surface such as aluminum-coated polyethylene terephthalate films or also electrically conductive special papers.
- Carriers for printing forms advantageously have a thickness of 0.08 to approximately 0.3 mm.
- suitable organic binders for the layers depends on the intended use of the recording material.
- their film-forming and electrical properties, their adhesive strength on the substrate and their solubility properties play a special role.
- Particularly suitable for recording materials for the production of electrophotographic printing plates, and especially for those for offset printing are those which are soluble in basic, aqueous or alcoholic solvents.
- binders in particular those with high acid numbers, which are readily soluble in basic aqueous-alcoholic solvent systems and have an average molecular weight (weight average) of 800 to 150,000 and in particular 1,200 and 80,000.
- Suitable are e.g. Copolymers of methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters, especially copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride and of styrene, methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters, provided that they have the above solubility condition.
- binders with free carboxyl groups are known to undesirably increase the dark conductivity of the electrophotographic layers and thereby lead to poor stressing results, such binders can easily be adapted to the charge transport compounds used. It has been shown that copolymers of styrene, maleic anhydride and acrylic or methacrylic acid, the proportion of copolymerized maleic anhydride from 5 to 50 wt .-% and a proportion of copolymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid from 5 to 35 and in particular 10 to 30 wt .-%, have satisfactory electrophotographic layers with sufficient dark conductivity. They have excellent solubility in washing-out agents consisting of 75% by weight of water, 23% by weight of isobutanol and 2% by weight of soda, but are insoluble in offset water typical for cleaning.
- Suitable charge carrier-producing compounds or sensitizers are e.g. for systems applied in one layer, such as those used for the production of electrophotographic printing forms, dyes from the triarylmethane series, xanthene dyes and cyanine dyes. Very good results were obtained with rhodamine B (C.I. 45170), rhodamine 6 G (C.I. 45160), malachite green (C.I. 42000), methyl violet (C.I. 42535) and crystal violet (C.I. 42555). In systems applied in multiple layers, the dye or pigment is present in a separate layer which generates charge carriers.
- Azo dyes, phthalocyanines, isoindoline dyes and perylene tetracarboxylic acid derivatives are particularly effective here. Good results are achieved with perylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide derivatives, as described in DE-OS 31 10 954 and 31 10 960.
- Suitable compounds carrying electrical charge carriers are known to the person skilled in the art. Mention may be made of oxazole derivatives (DBP 11 20 875), oxdiazole derivatives (DBP 10 58 836), triazole derivatives (DBP 10 60 260), azomethines (US 3 041 165), pyrazoline derivatives (DBP 10 60 714) and imidazole derivatives (DBP 11 06 599). Benztriazole derivatives (German patent application P 32 15 968.4) and hydrazone derivatives (German patent application P 32 01 202.0) are preferred. These are usually low molecular weight compounds which are well compatible with the organic binders in the required amount. However, polymeric charge transport compounds can also be used, e.g. Poly (N-vinyl carbazole).
- the electrophotographic recording material according to the invention can contain conventional additives, e.g. Leveling agent and plasticizer in the photoconductive layer or adhesion promoter between carrier and layer.
- the electrophotographic recording materials according to the invention are distinguished by a combination of very good properties, in particular a high photoconductivity with a very low dark conductivity, so that the layers are very suitable for copying technology.
- the high sensitivity to light allows the exposure time during processing in the repro camera to be reduced by about half compared to commercially available materials.
- a very high-resolution image reproduction results in a good resolution. Thanks to a high charge contrast, even fine halftone dots can be reproduced well in the light tone ranges will.
- the exposure of the layers leads to very low residual stresses and the images obtained during the concreting are characterized by good basic freedom in the non-image areas.
- the spectral sensitivity drops sharply at 600 nm, so that the layers can be handled with red light without image loss.
- electrophotographic offset printing forms takes place, as usual, by electrostatically charging the electrophotographic recording material using a high-voltage corona, immediately following image-wise exposure, developing the electrostatic latent charge image present using a dry or liquid toner, fixing the toner by means of a downstream melting process and removing it the unstressed, photo-semiconducting layer by means of a suitable washout solvent.
- the printing form thus obtained can still be prepared in a known manner for offset printing, e.g. through hydrophilization and rubber coating of the water-bearing surface.
- the layers are evenly charged to a surface potential of - 600 volts with a DC corona of - 8.5 kV at a distance of 1 cm and then exposed to the white light of a high-pressure xenon lamp with an illuminance of 10 ⁇ W.cm -2 in the layer plane.
- the photo-induced potential drop during the exposure is tracked over time until the surface potential has fallen below 5% of the originally present value. Then the time is determined which elapses before the surface potential drops by half, corrected by the I amount of the dark drop.
- the half-value photosensitivity as the product of half-life and illuminance in the plate plane is given in ⁇ J.cm -2 .
- Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1, but the zinc acetylacetonate is replaced by the same amount of zinc chloride (pre-dissolved in a little water). A half-value photosensitivity of 31.4 ⁇ J.cm -2 is determined.
- Example 3 The procedure is as in Example 1, but the zinc acetylacetonate is replaced by bis [pentandionato (2,4)] magnesium (magnesium acetylacetonate, Example 2) or tetrakis [pentandionato (2,4)] zirconium (IV) (Zirconium acetylacetonate, Example 3) replaced.
- the half-value photosensitivities are 22.4 ⁇ J.cm -2 and 23.5 ⁇ J.cm -2 .
- this printing plate After a charge, this printing plate is exposed in a camera for 12 seconds using a high-voltage corona. It is then developed with a powder toner that is burned-in at 160 ° C and resistant to abrasion.
- the unconcrete layer is washed off with a mixture of 0.5% soda, 25% isopropanol and 74.5% water, which exposes the aluminum surface.
- the solutions are spread over the layer with a cotton ball. The differentiation into hydrophilic and oleophilic areas desired in offset printing is obtained, the carrier surface providing the hydrophilic areas.
- the printing plate is rinsed with water and the hydrophilicity of the support surface is further increased by wiping with dilute phosphoric acid solution. After inking with bold ink, it is used to print in a known manner in offset printing machines.
- a layer of 60 parts of a chlorinated perylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide bis-benzimidazole with a chlorine content of about 38% and 50 parts of a commercially available copolymer is placed on a polyethylene terephthalate film with a vapor-deposited, conductive aluminum layer in a thickness of about 300 R. from vinyl chloride, acrylic acid and a maleic acid diester in a thickness of about 0.55 ⁇ m applied as a charge carrier-generating layer.
- a charge transport layer consisting of 45 parts of a commercially available polycarbonate binder with a melting range of 220 to 230 ° C, 10 parts of a polyester with an acid number of about 40 and a molecular weight of about 4,500, 40 is made from a solution in ethyl acetate onto this layer which generates charge carriers Parts of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone and 4 parts of bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - zinc applied in such a way that after drying off the solvent and drying for 30 minutes at 80 ° C., a dry layer thickness of 12 ⁇ m results.
- a half-value photosensitivity of 2.8 ⁇ J.cm -2 is determined on this layer.
- the same layer without zinc acetylacetonate has a half-value photosensitivity of about 4.8 ⁇ J.cm -2 .
- Example 7 If the layer of Example 7 is used as a copy film in a commercially available copier with dry toner, copies of good quality and in large numbers can be produced with it.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien mit elektrisch leitenden Trägern, Ladungsträger erzeugenden verbindungen bzw. Sensibilisatoren, Ladungsträger transportierenden Verbindungen und einem Zusatz von Metallacetylacetonaten mit einer hohen Photoleitfähigkeit und einer niedrigen Dunkelleitfähigkeit, sowie ihre Verwendung für reprographische Zwecke und die Herstellung elektrophotographischer Druckformen, insbesondere Offsetdruckformen.The invention relates to electrophotographic recording materials with electrically conductive supports, charge-generating compounds or sensitizers, charge-transporting compounds and an addition of metal acetylacetonates with a high photoconductivity and a low dark conductivity, as well as their use for reprographic purposes and the production of electrophotographic printing forms, in particular offset printing forms.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien mit elektrisch leitenden Trägern, Ladungsträger erzeugenden Verbindungen bzw. Sensibilisatoren, Ladungsträger transportierenden Verbindungen und speziellen Zusätzen.The invention relates to electrophotographic recording materials with electrically conductive supports, charge carrier-producing compounds or sensitizers, charge carrier transporting compounds and special additives.
Elektrophotographische Verfahren, dafür benötigte Materialien und verschiedene Varianten für den Aufbau von Aufzeichnungsmaterialien sind bekannt. Vorteilhaft für den Einsatz im Reproduktionssektor sind Materialien aus polymeren Bindemitteln, die an spezielle Anforderungen des jeweiligen Einsatzgebietes angepaßt werden können, niedermolekularen organischen Verbindungen, die in den Bindemitteln auch in höheren Konzentrationen löslich und zu einem Transport von Ladungsträgern des elektrischen Stromes befähigt sind, sowie Verbindungen, insbesondere Farbstoffe oder Pigmente, die durch Absorption des bildmäßig eingestrahlten, aktinischen Lichts Ladungsträger des elektrischen Stromes erzeugen und diese unter Mithilfe des von außen durch die elektrostatische Oberflächenladung aufgeprägten elektrischen Feldes auf die Ladung transportierenden Verbindungen übertragen können. Diese Ladungsträger erzeugenden Verbindungen können je nach Einsatzgebiet des Aufzeichnungsmaterials als eigene Schicht innerhalb einer Kompositstruktur eingebracht werden (vgl. DE-OS 22 20 408) oder in Form monodispers gelöster Farbstoffmoleküle in der Mischung aus Bindemittel und Ladungsträger transportierende Verbindungen vorhanden sein (vgl. DE-PS 1 058 836). Das in der DE-OS 22 20 408 beschriebene mehrlagige elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterial besteht aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Trägermaterial, einer ersten, Farbstoff enthaltenden, etwa 0,005 bis 2pm dicken, durch Belichtung mit ! aktinischem Licht Ladungsträger des elektrischen Stromes erzeugenden Schicht aus im Dunkeln isolierenden, organischen Materialien mit mindestens einer Ladungen transportierenden Verbindung.Electrophotographic processes, materials required therefor and various variants for the construction of recording materials are known. Materials made of polymeric binders, which can be adapted to the special requirements of the respective field of application, low molecular weight organic compounds, which are soluble in the binders even in higher concentrations and are capable of transporting charge carriers of the electric current, and compounds are advantageous for use in the reproduction sector , in particular dyes or pigments, which generate charge carriers of the electrical current by absorption of the actinic light radiated imagewise and which can transfer them to the charge-transporting compounds with the aid of the electrical field impressed from the outside by the electrostatic surface charge. Depending on the field of application of the recording material, these charge carrier-producing compounds can be introduced as a separate layer within a composite structure (cf. DE-OS 22 20 408) or in the form of monodisperse dissolved dye molecules in the mixture of binder and charge carrier-carrying compounds (cf. PS 1 058 836). The multilayer electrophotographic recording material described in DE-OS 22 20 408 consists of an electrically conductive carrier material, a first, containing dye, about 0.005 to 2 pm thick, by exposure to ! actinic light charge carrier of the electric current generating layer of dark insulating organic materials with at least one charge transporting compound.
Es ist auch bekannt, photohalbleitende organische Verbindungen zur Herstellung von elektrophotographischen Druckformen und insbesondere elektrophotographischen Offsetdruckformen zu verwenden (vgl. DE-PS 1 117 391 und 1 120 875, DE-AS 15 22 497 und 27 26 116).It is also known to use photoconductive organic compounds for the production of electrophotographic printing forms and in particular electrophotographic offset printing forms (cf. DE-PS 1 117 391 and 1 120 875, DE-AS 15 22 497 and 27 26 116).
Die gestiegenen Anforderungen an Reproduktionssysteme verlangen eine I Vielfalt von Aufzeichnungsmaterialien und -systemen, um für spezielle Probleme optimale Lösungen aussuchen zu können. Gewünscht sind eine gute Auflösung und eine gute Betonerung. Die oft beanstandete ungenügende Betonerung, die auf eine ungünstige Feldstärkedifferenzierung zwischen belichteten und unbelichteten Flächen hinweist, ist hierbei oft auf eine zu hohe Dunkelleitfähigkeit des Aufzeichnungsmaterials im beladenen Zustand zurückzuführen, so daß eine ungenügende Oberflächenladungsdichte vor der aktinischen bildmäßigen Belichtung vorliegt.The increased demands on reproduction systems require a variety of recording materials and systems in order to be able to find optimal solutions for special problems. Good resolution and good emphasis are desired. The often criticized inadequate emphasis on an unfavorable field strength differentiation between exposed and unexposed areas is often due to an excessive dark conductivity of the recording material in the loaded state, so that there is an insufficient surface charge density before the actinic imagewise exposure.
Ganz besonders erwünscht ist eine hohe Photoempfindlichkeit, um die erforderlichen Prozeßzeiten zu verringern. Insbesondere bei der Herstellung von elektrophotographischen Offsetdruckplatten spielt die notwendige Belichtungszeit eine wichtige Rolle. Hier werden aber die bestehenden Systeme häufig kritisiert.High photosensitivity is particularly desirable in order to reduce the required process times. In the production of electrophotographic offset printing plates in particular, the necessary exposure time plays an important role. Here, however, the existing systems are frequently criticized.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung lag die Aufgabe zugrunde, elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien insbesondere für die Herstellung von elektrophotographischen Druckformen, wie Offsetdruckformen, zu entwickeln, die eine verbesserte Photoempfindlicheit, gleichzeitig ein geringes Dunkelleitvermögen und eine gute Auflösung aufweisen.The object of the present invention was to develop electrophotographic recording materials, in particular for the production of electrophotographic printing forms, such as offset printing forms, which have improved photosensitivity, at the same time a low dark conductivity and good resolution.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man so verbesserte elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien mit elektrisch leitenden Trägern, Ladungsträger erzeugenden Verbindungen bzw. Sensibilisatoren, Ladungsträger transportierenden Verbindungen, Bindemitteln und speziellen Zusätzen erhält, wenn sie als Zusätze 0,5 bis 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise aber 3 bis 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Bindemittelanteil in der Ladungsträger transportierende Verbindungen enthaltenden Schicht Metallacetylacetonate [(Pentandionate--(2,4»]enthalten.It has now been found that improved electrophotographic recording materials with electrically conductive supports, charge-generating compounds or sensitizers, charge-transporting compounds, binders and special additives can be obtained if they are 0.5 to 30% by weight, but preferably 3 up to 15% by weight, based on the proportion of binder in the layer containing charge transport compounds containing metal acetylacetonates [(pentanedionates - (2,4 »).
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ganz besonders verbesserte Photoempfindlichkeiten der Aufzeichnungsamterialien erhalten werden, wenn Metallacetylacetonate als spezielle Zusätze eingesetzt werden, die in Lösung und in der Mischung farblos sind, also nicht im sichtbaren Spektralbereich und im Absorptionsbereich des Sensibilisators absorbieren. Es hat sich nämlich ergeben, daß zwar alle Metallacetylacetonate die Photoempfindlichkeit verbessern, farbige Metallacetylacetonate - wie Kupfer(II)acetylacetonat (blau), Chrom(III)-acetylacetonat (bordorot), Eisen(III)-acetylacetonat (rot), Nickel(II)acetylacetonat (türkisgrün), Palladium(II)acetylacetonat - jedoch die Wirkung des Sensibilisators negativ beeinflussen, so daß insgesamt nur geringfügige Verbesserungen der Photoempfindlichkeit resultieren.It has been shown that particularly improved photosensitivities of the recording materials are obtained if metal acetylacetonates are used as special additives which are colorless in solution and in the mixture, ie do not absorb in the visible spectral range and in the absorption range of the sensitizer. It has been shown that all metal acetylacetonates improve photosensitivity, colored metal acetylacetonates - such as copper (II) acetylacetonate (blue), chromium (III) acetylacetonate (bordorot), iron (III) acetylacetonate (red), nickel (II ) acetylacetonate (turquoise green), palladium (II) acetylacetonate - but negatively affect the effect of the sensitizer, so that overall only slight improvements in photosensitivity result.
Ganz besonders bewährt haben sich die in Lösung und in der Mischung farblosen Metallacetylacetonate wie
- - Cadmiumacotylacetonat (Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-cadmium(II))
- - Natriumacetylacetonat (Pentandionato-(2,4)-natrium)
- Magnesiumacetylacetonat (8is[pentandionato-(2,4)]-magnesium),
- - Zinkacetylacetonat (Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zink(II))
- Zirkonacetylacetonat (Tetrakis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zirkonium(V)) und
- Titanylacetylacetonat (Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-titanyl(IV), aber auch Aluminiumacetylacetonat (Tris[pentandionato-(2,4)]-aluminium(III) (rosa) ist sehr geeignet.
- - Cadmium acotylacetonate (bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - cadmium (II))
- - sodium acetylacetonate (pentanedionato (2,4) sodium)
- Magnesium acetylacetonate (8is [pentandionato- (2,4)] - magnesium),
- - zinc acetylacetonate (bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - zinc (II))
- Zirconium acetylacetonate (tetrakis [pentandionato (2,4)] zirconium (V)) and
- Titanium acetylacetonate (bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - titanyl (IV), but also aluminum acetylacetonate (tris [pentandionato- (2,4)] - aluminum (III) (pink) is very suitable.
Diese Acetylacetonate sind auch in ausreichender Menge in geeigneten organischen Lösungsmitteln löslich.These acetylacetonates are also soluble in sufficient organic solvents.
Ganz besonders überraschend ist, daß der Zusatz der erfindungsgemäßen Metallacetylacetonate die Photoempfindlichkeit stark verbessert und gleichzeitig auch die maximale Potentialakzeptanz der elektrophotographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterialien deutlich erhöht, ohne die Dunkeleigenschaften zu verändern, so daß auch gleichzeitig zur Photoempfindlichkeit eine verbesserte Differenzierung zwischen belichteten und unbelichteten Flächen der beladenen Oberfläche auftritt.It is particularly surprising that the addition of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention greatly improves the photosensitivity and, at the same time, also significantly increases the maximum potential acceptance of the electrophotographic recording materials without changing the dark properties, so that an improved differentiation between exposed and unexposed areas of the loaded surface also improves the photosensitivity occurs.
Es ist dem Fachmann bekannt, daß Metallhalogenide - wie Zinkchlorid, Magnesiumbromid, Aluminiumchlorid - und Ketone - wie Acetophenon, Benzophenon, Benzil - auch in geringen Mengen die Photoempfindlichkeit gewisser organischer Photohalbleiterschichten verbessern können (z.B. US 3 037 861, US 3 553 009, US 3 620 723). Metallacetylacetonate gehören jedoch nicht dazu. Es hat sich auch bestätigt, daß Zusätze von Metallhalogeniden und Ketonen nicht die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkungen erbringen. Der erfindungsgemäß erzielte Effekt der Acetylacetonate ist aus den bekannten Zusätzen für den Fachmann nicht ableitbar.It is known to the person skilled in the art that metal halides - such as zinc chloride, magnesium bromide, aluminum chloride - and ketones - such as acetophenone, benzophenone, benzil - can also improve the photosensitivity of certain organic photo semiconductor layers in small amounts (for example US Pat. No. 3,037,861, US Pat. No. 3,553,009, US 3,620,723). However, metal acetylacetonates are not included. It has also been confirmed that additions of metal halides and ketones do not produce the effects according to the invention. The effect of the acetylacetonates achieved according to the invention cannot be derived from the known additives for the person skilled in the art.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten, die Photoempfindlichkeit verbessernden Metallacetylacetonate können mit Vorteil sowohl in einschichtig als auch in mehrschichtig auf elektroleitfähige Träger aufgebrachten Aufzeichnungssystemen verwendet werden.The photosensitivity-improving metal acetylacetonates used according to the invention can advantageously be used both in single-layer and in multi-layer recording systems applied to electroconductive supports.
Geeignete einschichtige Systeme weisen bevorzugt auf einem leitfähigen Trägermaterial eine Schicht aus (a) 45 bis 75 Gewichtsteilen eines Bindemittels, (b) 30 bis 60, insbesondere 35 bis 50 Gewichtsteilen einer Ladungsträger transportierenden Verbindungen, (c) ggf. 5 bis 25 Gewichtsteilen eines weiteren, im wesentlichen inaktiven Bindemittels, (d) 0,05 bis 0,8 Gewichtsteilen einer bei aktinischer Belichtung Ladungsträger erzeugenden Verbindung, insbesondere eines geeigneten Farbstoffs und (e) 0,5 bis 30, insbesondere 3 bis 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Bindemittelanteil, eines oder mehrerer der erfindungsgemäßen Metallacetylacetonate auf Die Schichten werden mit Vorteil aus einer ca. 5 gew.%igen Lösung in einem geeigneten organischen Lösungsmittel auf das gereinigte leitfähige Trägermaterial so aufgebracht, daß nach dem Ablüften des Lösungsmittels eine Trockenschichtdicke von ca. 0,8 bis 40µm (je nach Verwendungszweck, bei elektrophotographischen Druckformen insbesondere 0,8 bis 6pm) resultiert.Suitable single-layer systems preferably have a layer of (a) 45 to 75 parts by weight of a binder, (b) 30 to 60, in particular 35 to 50 parts by weight of a charge carrier transporting compound, (c) optionally 5 to 25 parts by weight of another on a conductive carrier material , essentially inactive binder, (d) 0.05 to 0.8 parts by weight of a compound which generates charge carriers upon actinic exposure, in particular a suitable dye, and (e) 0.5 to 30, in particular 3 to 15% by weight, based on the proportion of binder, one or more of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention. The layers are advantageously applied from an approximately 5% strength by weight solution in a suitable organic solvent to the cleaned conductive carrier material in such a way that a dry layer thickness of approximately 0 , 8 to 40 µm (depending on the intended use, in particular 0.8 to 6 pm for electrophotographic printing forms) resu lted.
Geeignete Mehrschichtsysteme haben mit Vorteil auf einem elektroleitfähigen Trägermaterial (a) eine Schicht mit Ladungsträger erzeugenden Verbindungen und (b) eine weitere Schicht mit (bl) mindestens einer Ladungsträger transportierenden Verbindung, (b2) mindestens einem organischen Bindemittel und (b3) ggf. weiteren, insbesondere die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Schicht verbessernden Zusätzen, wobei die Schicht (b) 0,5 bis 30 und bevorzugt 3 bis 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Bindemittelanteil, eines oder mehrere der erfindungsgemäßen Metallacetylacetonate enthält. Mit Vorteil enthält die Schicht (b) 30 bis 60 Gewichtsteile von (bl), 45 bis 75 Gewichtsteile von (b2) und ggf. 5 bis 25 Gewichtsteile der Zusätze (b3).Suitable multilayer systems advantageously have on an electroconductive carrier material (a) a layer with compounds generating charge carriers and (b) a further layer with (b1) at least one charge carrier transporting compound, (b2) at least one organic binder and (b3) optionally further, in particular additives which improve the mechanical properties of the layer, layer (b) containing 0.5 to 30 and preferably 3 to 15% by weight, based on the proportion of binder, of one or more of the metal acetylacetonates according to the invention. The layer (b) advantageously contains 30 to 60 parts by weight of (bl), 45 to 75 parts by weight of (b2) and, if appropriate, 5 to 25 parts by weight of the additives (b3).
Die erste Schicht wird vorteilhaft in einer Dicke von 0,005 bis 5, insbesondere 0,1 bis 0,9pm aus Lösung in einem geeigneten Lösungsmittel auf das Trägermaterial aufgetragen. Nach dem Auftrag erfolgt mit Vorteil der Auftrag der zweiten Schicht in einer Dicke, daß nach dem Trocknen der Kompositstruktur eine Schichtdicke von 5 bis 25, insbesondere 7 bis 15µm resultiert.The first layer is advantageously applied to the support material in a thickness of 0.005 to 5, in particular 0.1 to 0.9, pm from solution in a suitable solvent. After the application, the second layer is advantageously applied in a thickness that results in a layer thickness of 5 to 25, in particular 7 to 15 μm, after drying the composite structure.
Als elektrisch leitende Träger sind prinzipiell alle leitfähigen Trägermaterialien verwendbar, soweit sie für das Einsatzgebiet geeignet sind. Bevorzugt sind je nach Einsatzgebiet der Aufzeichnungsmaterialien Aluminium-, Zink-, Magnesium-, Kupfer- oder Mehrmetallplatten, z.B. rohe oder vorbehandelte, z.8. aufgerauhte und/oder anodisierte Aluminiumbleche, Aluminiumfolien, Polymerfilme mit metallisierter Oberfläche wie aluminiumbedampfte Polyethylenterephthalatfilme oder auch elektrisch leitende Spezialpapiere. Träger für Druckformen haben vorteilhaft eine Dicke von 0,08 bis ca. 0,3 mm.In principle, all conductive carrier materials can be used as electrically conductive carriers, insofar as they are suitable for the area of application. Depending on the field of application of the recording materials, aluminum is preferred minium, zinc, magnesium, copper or multi-metal plates, eg raw or pre-treated, z.8. roughened and / or anodized aluminum sheets, aluminum foils, polymer films with a metallized surface such as aluminum-coated polyethylene terephthalate films or also electrically conductive special papers. Carriers for printing forms advantageously have a thickness of 0.08 to approximately 0.3 mm.
Die Art der geeigneten organischen Bindemittel für die Schichten richtet sich nach dem beabsichtigten Verwendungszweck der Aufzeichnungsmaterialian. Für den Kopiersektor eignen sich z.B. Celluloseether, Polyesterharze, Polyvinylchloride, Polycarbonate, Copolymere, wie Styrol-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Copolymere oder Vinylchlorid-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Copolymere oder Mischungen solcher Bindemittel. Bei ihrer Auswahl spielen ihre filmbildenden und elektrischen Eigenschaften, ihre Haftfestigkeit auf dem Trägermaterial und ihre Löslichkeitseiganschaften eine besondere Rolle. Insbesondere bei Aufzeichnungsmaterialien für die Herstellung elektrophotographischer Druckplatten, und besonders bei denen für den Offsetdruck, sind solche besonders geeignet, die in basischen, wäßrigen oder alkoholischen Lösungsmitteln löslich sind. Dies sind vor allem Substanzen mit alkalilöslich machenden Gruppen wie Anhydrid-, Carboxyl-, Sulfonsäure-, Phenol- oder Sulfonimid-Gruppierungen. Bevorzugt sind Bindemittel, insbesondere solche mit hohen Säurezahlen, die in basischen wäßrig--alkoholischen Lösungsmittelsystemen leicht löslich sind und ein mittleres Molekulargewicht (Gewichtsmittel), von 800 bis 150 000 und insbesondere 1 200 und 80 000 aufweisen. Geeignet sind z.B. Copolymerisate aus Methacrylsäure und Methacrylsäureestern, besonders Copolymerisate aus Styrol und Maleinsäureanhydrid und aus Styrol, Methacrylsäure und Methacrylsäureester, soweit sie die vorstehende Löslichkeitsbedingung aufweisen. Obwohl bekanntermaßen Bindemittel mit freien Carboxylgruppen die Dunkelleitfähigkeit der elektrophotographischen Schichten in unerwünschter weise erhöhen und dadurch zu schlechten Betonerungsergebnissen führen, lassen sich solche Bindemittel leicht an die verwendeten Ladungstransportverbindungen anpassen. So hat sich gezeigt, daß Copolymerisate aus Styrol, Maleinsäureanhydrid und Acryl- oder Methacrylsäure, die einen Anteil von einpolymerisiertem Maleinsäureanhydrid von 5 bis 50 Gew.-% und einen Anteil von einpolymerisierter Acryl- oder Methacrylsäure von 5 bis 35 und insbesondere 10 bis 30 Gew.-% aufweisen, befriedigende elektrophotographische Schichten mit hinreichender Dunkelleitfähigkeit ergeben. Sie weisen eine hervorragende Löslichkeit in Auswaschmitteln aus 75 Gew.-% Wasser, 23 Gew.-% Isobutanol und 2 Gew.-% Soda auf, sind aber in offsettypischem wischwasser unlöslich.The type of suitable organic binders for the layers depends on the intended use of the recording material. For the copy sector, e.g. Cellulose ethers, polyester resins, polyvinyl chlorides, polycarbonates, copolymers such as styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers or vinyl chloride-maleic anhydride copolymers or mixtures of such binders. In their selection, their film-forming and electrical properties, their adhesive strength on the substrate and their solubility properties play a special role. Particularly suitable for recording materials for the production of electrophotographic printing plates, and especially for those for offset printing, are those which are soluble in basic, aqueous or alcoholic solvents. These are primarily substances with alkali-solubilizing groups such as anhydride, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, phenol or sulfonimide groups. Preference is given to binders, in particular those with high acid numbers, which are readily soluble in basic aqueous-alcoholic solvent systems and have an average molecular weight (weight average) of 800 to 150,000 and in particular 1,200 and 80,000. Suitable are e.g. Copolymers of methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters, especially copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride and of styrene, methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters, provided that they have the above solubility condition. Although binders with free carboxyl groups are known to undesirably increase the dark conductivity of the electrophotographic layers and thereby lead to poor stressing results, such binders can easily be adapted to the charge transport compounds used. It has been shown that copolymers of styrene, maleic anhydride and acrylic or methacrylic acid, the proportion of copolymerized maleic anhydride from 5 to 50 wt .-% and a proportion of copolymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid from 5 to 35 and in particular 10 to 30 wt .-%, have satisfactory electrophotographic layers with sufficient dark conductivity. They have excellent solubility in washing-out agents consisting of 75% by weight of water, 23% by weight of isobutanol and 2% by weight of soda, but are insoluble in offset water typical for cleaning.
Geeignete Ladungsträger erzeugende Verbindungen bzw. Sensibilisatoren sind z.B. für einschichtig aufgetragene Systeme, wie sie auch zur Herstellung elektrophotographischer Druckformen dienen, Farbstoffe aus der Triarylmethanreihe, Xanthenfarbstoffe und Cyaninfarbstoffe. Sehr gute Ergebnisse wurden mit Rhodamin B (C.I. 45170), Rhodamin 6 G (C.I. 45160), Malachitgrün (C.I. 42000), Methylviolett (C.I. 42535) und Kristallviolett (C.I. 42555) erhalten. Bei mehrschichtig aufgetragenen Systemen liegt der Farbstoff oder das Pigment in einer separaten Ladungsträger erzeugenden Schicht vor. Hier sind Azofarbstoffe, Phthalocyanine, Isoindolinfarbstoffe und Perylentetracarbonsäurederivate besonders wirksam. Gute Ergebnisse werden mit Perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarbonsäurediimidderivaten erzielt, wie sie in den DE-OS 31 10 954 und 31 10 960 beschrieben sind.Suitable charge carrier-producing compounds or sensitizers are e.g. for systems applied in one layer, such as those used for the production of electrophotographic printing forms, dyes from the triarylmethane series, xanthene dyes and cyanine dyes. Very good results were obtained with rhodamine B (C.I. 45170), rhodamine 6 G (C.I. 45160), malachite green (C.I. 42000), methyl violet (C.I. 42535) and crystal violet (C.I. 42555). In systems applied in multiple layers, the dye or pigment is present in a separate layer which generates charge carriers. Azo dyes, phthalocyanines, isoindoline dyes and perylene tetracarboxylic acid derivatives are particularly effective here. Good results are achieved with perylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide derivatives, as described in DE-OS 31 10 954 and 31 10 960.
Geeignete Ladungsträger des elektrischen Stromes transportierende Verbindungen sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Erwähnt seien Oxazolderivate (DBP 11 20 875), Oxdiazolderivate (DBP 10 58 836), Triazolderivate (DBP 10 60 260), Azomethine (US 3 041 165), Pyrazolinderivate (DBP 10 60 714) und Imidazolderivate (DBP 11 06 599). Bevorzugt sind Benztriazolderivate (deutsche Patentanmeldung P 32 15 968.4) und Hydrazonderivate (deutsche Patentanmeldung P 32 01 202.0). Es handelt sich meist um niedermolekulare, mit den organischen Bindemitteln in der erforderlichen Menge gut verträgliche Verbindungen. Es sind aber auch polymere Ladungstransportverbindungen einsetzbar, z.B. Poly(N-vinylcarbazol).Suitable compounds carrying electrical charge carriers are known to the person skilled in the art. Mention may be made of oxazole derivatives (DBP 11 20 875), oxdiazole derivatives (DBP 10 58 836), triazole derivatives (DBP 10 60 260), azomethines (US 3 041 165), pyrazoline derivatives (DBP 10 60 714) and imidazole derivatives (DBP 11 06 599). Benztriazole derivatives (German patent application P 32 15 968.4) and hydrazone derivatives (German patent application P 32 01 202.0) are preferred. These are usually low molecular weight compounds which are well compatible with the organic binders in the required amount. However, polymeric charge transport compounds can also be used, e.g. Poly (N-vinyl carbazole).
Für die jeweilige Verwendung kann das erfindungsgemäße elektrophotographische Aufzeichnungsmaterial übliche Zusätze enthalten, z.B. Verlaufmittel und Weichmacher in der photoleitfähigen Schicht oder Haftvermittler zwischen Träger und Schicht.For the respective use, the electrophotographic recording material according to the invention can contain conventional additives, e.g. Leveling agent and plasticizer in the photoconductive layer or adhesion promoter between carrier and layer.
Die erfindungsgemäßen elektrophotographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterialien zeichnen sich durch eine Kombination sehr guter Eigenschaften, insbesondere einer hohen Photoleitfähigkeit bei gleichzeitig sehr niedriger Dunkelleitfähigkeit aus, so daß die Schichten für die Kopiertechnik sehr geeignet sind.The electrophotographic recording materials according to the invention are distinguished by a combination of very good properties, in particular a high photoconductivity with a very low dark conductivity, so that the layers are very suitable for copying technology.
Deutliche Vorteile weisen sie bei der Verwendung für die Herstellung von elektrophotographischen Druckformen auf und genügen hierbei hohen Ansprüchen im Hinblick auf das Auflösungsvermögen und die Druckauflage. Die hohe Lichtempfindlichkeit erlaubt eine Senkung der Belichtungszeit bei der Verarbeitung in der Reprokamera gegenüber handelsüblichen Materialien bis etwa um die Hälfte. Aus einer sehr rendscherfen Bildwiedergabe resultiert eine gute Auflösung. Durch einen hohen Ladungskontrast können auch feine Rasterpunkte in den lichten Tonwertbereichen gut wiedergegeben werden. Ferner führt die Belichtung der Schichten zu sehr geringen Restspannungen und die bei der Betonerung erhaltenen Bilder zeichnen sich durch gute Grundfreiheit in den Nichtbildbereichen aus. Die spektrale Empfindlichkeit sinkt bei 600 nm stark ab, so daß die Schichten bei Rotlicht gehandhabt werden können, ohne daß Bildverluste auftreten.They have clear advantages when used for the production of electrophotographic printing forms and meet high demands in terms of resolution and print run. The high sensitivity to light allows the exposure time during processing in the repro camera to be reduced by about half compared to commercially available materials. A very high-resolution image reproduction results in a good resolution. Thanks to a high charge contrast, even fine halftone dots can be reproduced well in the light tone ranges will. Furthermore, the exposure of the layers leads to very low residual stresses and the images obtained during the concreting are characterized by good basic freedom in the non-image areas. The spectral sensitivity drops sharply at 600 nm, so that the layers can be handled with red light without image loss.
Die Herstellung elektrophotographischer Offsetdruckformen erfolgt wie üblich durch eine elektrostatische Aufladung des elektrophotographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterials mittels einer Hochspannungscorona, eine direkt nachfolgende bildmäßige Belichtung, die Entwicklung des vorliegenden elektrostatischen, latenten Ladungsbildes mittels eines Trocken- oder Flüssigtoners, die Fixierung des Toners durch einen nachgeschalteten Schmelzvorgang und die Entfernung der unbetonerten, photohalbleitenden Schicht mittels eines geeigneten Auswaschlösemittels. Die so erhaltene Druckform kann in bekannter Weise für den Offsetdruck noch vorbereitet werden, z.B. durch eine Hydrophilierung und Gummierung der wasserführenden Oberfläche.The production of electrophotographic offset printing forms takes place, as usual, by electrostatically charging the electrophotographic recording material using a high-voltage corona, immediately following image-wise exposure, developing the electrostatic latent charge image present using a dry or liquid toner, fixing the toner by means of a downstream melting process and removing it the unstressed, photo-semiconducting layer by means of a suitable washout solvent. The printing form thus obtained can still be prepared in a known manner for offset printing, e.g. through hydrophilization and rubber coating of the water-bearing surface.
Die folgenden Beispiele sollen die Erfindung zusätzlich erläutern. Die genannten Teile und Prozente beziehen sich auf das Gewicht.The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention. The parts and percentages given relate to the weight.
Die Schichten werden mit einer Gleichspannungscorona von - 8,5 kV in 1 cm Abstand gleichmäßig auf ein Oberflächenpotential von - 600 Volt aufgeladen und dann mit dem weißen Licht einer Xenonhochdrucklampe mit einer Beleuchtungsstärke von 10µW.cm-2 in der Schichtebene belichtet. Der photoinduzierte Potentialabfall während der Belichtung wird zeitlich solange verfolgt, bis das Oberflächenpotential auf unter 5 % des ursprünglich vorhandenen Wertes gefallen ist. Dann wird die Zeit ermittelt, die bis zum Abfall des Oberflächenpotentials um die Hälfte, berichtigt um den I Betrag des Dunkelabfalls, verstreicht. Die Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit als Produkt aus Halbwertszeit und Beleuchtungsstärke in Plattenebene wird in µJ.cm-2 angegeben. Weiterhin werden gegebenenfalls nach der xerographisehen Methode die maximale Potentialakzeptanz in Volt, die Zeit bis zur Aufladung der Aufzeichnungsmaterialien auf -500 Volt bei einer Coronaspannung von -8,5 kV in 10 mm Abstand, der Potentialabfall im Dunkeln in 20 Sekunden und der gesamte photoinduzierte Potentialabfall in % bei einer eingestrahlten Energie von 1 mJ.cm-2 ermittelt.The layers are evenly charged to a surface potential of - 600 volts with a DC corona of - 8.5 kV at a distance of 1 cm and then exposed to the white light of a high-pressure xenon lamp with an illuminance of 10µW.cm -2 in the layer plane. The photo-induced potential drop during the exposure is tracked over time until the surface potential has fallen below 5% of the originally present value. Then the time is determined which elapses before the surface potential drops by half, corrected by the I amount of the dark drop. The half-value photosensitivity as the product of half-life and illuminance in the plate plane is given in µJ.cm -2 . Furthermore, according to the xerographic method, the maximum potential acceptance in volts, the time until the recording materials are charged to -500 volts at a corona voltage of -8.5 kV at a distance of 10 mm, the potential drop in the dark in 20 seconds and the total photo-induced potential drop determined in% with an irradiated energy of 1 mJ.cm- 2 .
55 Teile eines Copolymerisats aus 70 % Styrol, 6 % Maleinsäureanhydrid und 24 % Acrylsäure mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 verfahren, jedoch wird der Zusatz des Zinkacetylacetonats unterlassen. Es wird eine Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit von 35,4 µJ.cm-2 gemessen.The procedure is as in Example 1, but the addition of zinc acetylacetonate is omitted. A half-value photosensitivity of 35.4 µJ.cm -2 is measured.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 verfahren, jedoch wird anstelle des Zinkacetylacetonats die gleiche Menge an reinem Acetylaceton (1,3-Diketon) eingesetzt. Die Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit beträgt 33,6 µJ.cm-2.The procedure is as in Example 1, but the same amount of pure acetylacetone (1,3-diketone) is used instead of the zinc acetylacetonate. The half-value photosensitivity is 33.6 µJ.cm -2 .
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 verfahren, jedoch wird das Zinkacetylacetonat durch die gleiche Menge an Zinkchlorid (vorgelöst in wenig wasser) ersetzt. Es wird eine Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit von 31,4 µJ.cm-2 ermittelt.The procedure is as in Example 1, but the zinc acetylacetonate is replaced by the same amount of zinc chloride (pre-dissolved in a little water). A half-value photosensitivity of 31.4 µJ.cm -2 is determined.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 1 verfahren, jedoch wird das Zinkacetylacetonat durch Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-magnesium (Magnesiumacetylacetonat, Beispiel 2), bzw. Tetrakis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zirkonium-(IV) (Zirkonacetylacetonat, Beispiel 3) ersetzt. Die Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeiten betragen 22,4 µJ.cm-2 und 23,5 µJ.cm-2.The procedure is as in Example 1, but the zinc acetylacetonate is replaced by bis [pentandionato (2,4)] magnesium (magnesium acetylacetonate, Example 2) or tetrakis [pentandionato (2,4)] zirconium (IV) (Zirconium acetylacetonate, Example 3) replaced. The half-value photosensitivities are 22.4 µJ.cm -2 and 23.5 µJ.cm -2 .
60 Teile eines Copolymerisats aus 80 % Styrol und 20 % Acrylsäure mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 1600, 36 Teile p-Diethylaminobenzaldehyddiphenylhydrazon, 1 Teil Rhodamin 6 G (C.I. 45160) und 8 Teile Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zink werden in Tetrahydrofuran/Methylglykol 1:1 gelöst und in einer Trockenschichtdicke von 5,5 pm auf ein feingebürstetes Aluminiumblech aufgetragen. An diesem elektrophotographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterial wird eine Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit von 9,6 µJ.cm-2 ermittelt.60 parts of a copolymer of 80% styrene and 20% acrylic acid with an average molecular weight of 1600, 36 parts of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone, 1 part of rhodamine 6 G (CI 45160) and 8 parts of bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - zinc dissolved in tetrahydrofuran / methylglycol 1: 1 and applied in a dry layer thickness of 5.5 pm on a finely brushed aluminum sheet. A half-value photosensitivity of 9.6 µJ.cm -2 is determined on this electrophotographic recording material.
Es wird wie in Beispiel 4 verfahren, jedoch wird das Zinkacetylacetonat weggelassen. Die Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit beträgt nun 16,2 µJ.cm-2.The procedure is as in Example 4, but the zinc acetylacetonate is omitted. The half-value photosensitivity is now 16.2 µJ.cm -2 .
50 Teile eines Copolymerisats aus 60 % Styrol und 40 % einer mit Methanol halbveresterten Maleinsäure mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht Mw von 10 000, 50 Teile 2-(4'-Diethylaminophenyl)-benztriazol-l,2,3, 0,2 Teile Kristallviolett (C.I. 42555) und 4 Teile Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zir- koniu8-(IV) werden aus einer 5%igen Lösung in Tetrahydrofuran auf eine elektrolytisch aufgerauhte und anodisierte Aluminiumfolie von 0,15 mm Dicke in einer Trockenschichtdicke von etwa 4 um aufgebracht.50 parts of a copolymer of 60% styrene and 40% of a maleic acid semi-esterified with methanol with an average molecular weight M w of 10,000, 50 parts of 2- (4'-diethylaminophenyl) benzotriazole-l, 2.3, 0.2 parts of crystal violet (CI 42555) and 4 parts of bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - zirconium 8 - (IV) are made from a 5% solution in tetrahydrofuran onto an electrolytically roughened and anodized aluminum foil 0.15 mm thick in one Dry layer thickness of about 4 microns applied.
Diese Druckplatte wird nach einer Aufladung mittels einer Hochspannungscorona in einer Kamera bildmäßig 12 Sekunden belichtet. Danach wird mit einem Pulvertoner entwickelt, der bei 160°C abriebfest eingebrannt wird. Die unbetonerte Schicht wird mit einem Gemisch aus 0,5 % Soda, 25 % Isopropanol und 74,5 % Wasser abgewaschen, wodurch die Aluminiumoberfläche freigelegt wird. Die Lösungen werden mit einem Wattebausch über die Schicht gestrichen. Man erhält die im Offsetdruck erwünschte Differenzierung in hydrophile und oleophile Bereiche, wobei die Trägeroberfläche die hydrophilen Bereiche liefert.After a charge, this printing plate is exposed in a camera for 12 seconds using a high-voltage corona. It is then developed with a powder toner that is burned-in at 160 ° C and resistant to abrasion. The unconcrete layer is washed off with a mixture of 0.5% soda, 25% isopropanol and 74.5% water, which exposes the aluminum surface. The solutions are spread over the layer with a cotton ball. The differentiation into hydrophilic and oleophilic areas desired in offset printing is obtained, the carrier surface providing the hydrophilic areas.
Anschließend an die Behandlung mit der alkalischen Flüssigkeit wird die Druckplatte mit Wasser nachgespült und durch Uberwischen mit verdünnter Phosphorsäurelösung die Hydrophilie der Trägeroberfläche weiter erhöht. Nach Einfärben mit fetter Farbe wird auf bekannte Weise in Offsetdruckmaschinen damit gedruckt.Following the treatment with the alkaline liquid, the printing plate is rinsed with water and the hydrophilicity of the support surface is further increased by wiping with dilute phosphoric acid solution. After inking with bold ink, it is used to print in a known manner in offset printing machines.
55 Teile eines Copolymerisats aus 55 % Styrol, 30 % Acrylsäure und 15 % Maleinsäureanhydrid mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht
Nach der xerographischen Methode werden an den beiden Schichten (Vergleichsbeispiel in Klammern) folgende Kenndaten gemessen:
- a) Zeit bis zur Aufladung auf -500 V (-8,5 kV, 10 mm): 1,8 s (2,2 s);
- b) maximale Potentialakzeptanz: 1700 V (1380 V);
- c) Dunkelabfall (20 s, -600 V): 17 % (16 %);
- d) photoinduzierter Potentialabfall (1 mJ.cm-2): 96,5 % (87,0 %).
- a) Time to charge to -500 V (-8.5 kV, 10 mm): 1.8 s (2.2 s);
- b) maximum potential acceptance: 1700 V (1380 V);
- c) dark drop (20 s, -600 V): 17% (16%);
- d) photo-induced potential drop (1 mJ.cm- 2 ): 96.5% (87.0%).
Auf einer Polyethylenterephthalatfolie mit einer aufgedampften, leitfähigen Aluminiumschicht in einer Dicke von etwa 300 R wird eine Schicht aus 60 Teilen eines chlorierten Perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarbonsäurediimidbis- benzimidazols mit einem Chlorgehalt von etwa 38 % und 50 Teilen eines handelsüblichen Copolymerisats aus Vinylchlorid, Acrylsäure und einem Maleinsäurediester in einer Dicke von etwa 0,55 µm als Ladungsträger erzeugende Schicht aufgebracht.A layer of 60 parts of a chlorinated perylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide bis-benzimidazole with a chlorine content of about 38% and 50 parts of a commercially available copolymer is placed on a polyethylene terephthalate film with a vapor-deposited, conductive aluminum layer in a thickness of about 300 R. from vinyl chloride, acrylic acid and a maleic acid diester in a thickness of about 0.55 μm applied as a charge carrier-generating layer.
Auf diese Ladungsträger erzeugende Schicht wird aus einer Lösung in Essigsäureethylester eine Ladungstransportschicht aus 45 Teilen eines handelsüblichen Polycarbonat-Bindemittels mit einem Schmelzbereich von 220 bis 230°C, 10 Teile eines Polyesters mit einer Säurezahl von etwa 40 und einem Molekulargewicht von ca. 4.500, 40 Teilen p-Diethylaminobenzaldehyddiphenylhydrazon und 4 Teilen Bis[pentandionato-(2,4)]-zink so aufgebracht, daß nach dem Ablüften des Lösungsmittels und 30minütigem Trocknen bei 80°C eine Trockenschichtdicke von 12 µm resultiert.A charge transport layer consisting of 45 parts of a commercially available polycarbonate binder with a melting range of 220 to 230 ° C, 10 parts of a polyester with an acid number of about 40 and a molecular weight of about 4,500, 40 is made from a solution in ethyl acetate onto this layer which generates charge carriers Parts of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone and 4 parts of bis [pentandionato- (2,4)] - zinc applied in such a way that after drying off the solvent and drying for 30 minutes at 80 ° C., a dry layer thickness of 12 μm results.
An dieser Schicht wird eine Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit von 2,8 µJ.cm-2 ermittelt. Die gleiche Schicht ohne Zinkacetylacetonat hat eine Halbwertsphotoempfindlichkeit von etwa 4,8 µJ.cm-2.A half-value photosensitivity of 2.8 µJ.cm -2 is determined on this layer. The same layer without zinc acetylacetonate has a half-value photosensitivity of about 4.8 µJ.cm -2 .
Wird die Schicht des Beispiels 7 als Kopierfolie in einem handelsüblichen Kopiergerät mit Trockentoner verwendet, so können damit Kopien von guter Qualität und in hoher Anzahl hergestellt werden.If the layer of Example 7 is used as a copy film in a commercially available copier with dry toner, copies of good quality and in large numbers can be produced with it.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3324090 | 1983-07-05 | ||
DE3324090A DE3324090A1 (en) | 1983-07-05 | 1983-07-05 | ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING MATERIALS WITH IMPROVED PHOTO SENSITIVITY |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0131215A2 true EP0131215A2 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
EP0131215A3 EP0131215A3 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
EP0131215B1 EP0131215B1 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
Family
ID=6203117
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84107505A Expired EP0131215B1 (en) | 1983-07-05 | 1984-06-28 | Recording materials with improved photosensitivity |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4559285A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0131215B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6064355A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3324090A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0385377A1 (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-05 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Methacrylic (co)polymers with side chain carbazolyl groups, and electrophotographic recording elements containing same |
EP1264687A3 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2005-04-20 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor and production method thereof |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4741981A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-05-03 | Ricoh Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive material for electrophotography contains organic phosphite compounds |
JPS63220161A (en) * | 1987-03-10 | 1988-09-13 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
US4895783A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-01-23 | Xerox Corporation | Overcoated electrophotographic photoreceptor contains metal acetyl acetonate in polymer layer |
JP2680560B2 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-11-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Signal generator for engine control |
DE19903002A1 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 1999-07-29 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Electrophotographic body with improved stability |
US7045262B2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2006-05-16 | Xerox Corporation | Photoconductive imaging members |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1150435A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1969-04-30 | Rank Xerox Ltd | Electrophotographic Material |
DE1772511A1 (en) * | 1967-05-29 | 1970-12-17 | Ricoh Kk | Electrophotographic copying material and process for its manufacture - US Pat |
JPS4881940A (en) * | 1972-02-07 | 1973-11-01 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL99369C (en) * | 1956-06-04 | |||
NL231103A (en) * | 1957-09-07 | |||
NL126440C (en) * | 1958-08-20 | |||
DE1117391B (en) * | 1959-03-18 | 1961-11-16 | Kalle Ag | Electrophotographic process for the production of printing forms |
DE1522497C3 (en) * | 1966-05-13 | 1974-09-19 | Kalle Ag, 6202 Wiesbaden-Biebrich | Process for the production of printing forms |
DE2237680C3 (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1981-09-10 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Electrophotographic recording material |
DE2220408C3 (en) * | 1972-04-26 | 1978-10-26 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Electrophotographic recording material and process for its preparation - US Pat |
US4315981A (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1982-02-16 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Organic double layer electrophotographic recording material |
DE2625116C2 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1984-01-26 | Gödecke AG, 1000 Berlin | Process for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-aporphine derivatives |
GB2106659B (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1985-02-20 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic photosensitive materials |
-
1983
- 1983-07-05 DE DE3324090A patent/DE3324090A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-06-28 EP EP84107505A patent/EP0131215B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-28 DE DE8484107505T patent/DE3471378D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-29 US US06/625,971 patent/US4559285A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-07-04 JP JP59137423A patent/JPS6064355A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1150435A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1969-04-30 | Rank Xerox Ltd | Electrophotographic Material |
DE1772511A1 (en) * | 1967-05-29 | 1970-12-17 | Ricoh Kk | Electrophotographic copying material and process for its manufacture - US Pat |
JPS4881940A (en) * | 1972-02-07 | 1973-11-01 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 80, Nr. 18, 6. Mai 1974, page 446, no. 102292r, Columbus, Ohio, US; & JP-A-48 081 940 (ASAHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO. LTD.) 01-11-1973 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0385377A1 (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-05 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Methacrylic (co)polymers with side chain carbazolyl groups, and electrophotographic recording elements containing same |
EP1264687A3 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2005-04-20 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor and production method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3324090A1 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
JPH0416107B2 (en) | 1992-03-23 |
EP0131215B1 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
EP0131215A3 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
JPS6064355A (en) | 1985-04-12 |
DE3471378D1 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
US4559285A (en) | 1985-12-17 |
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