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EP0126929A2 - Pressurised-gas switch - Google Patents

Pressurised-gas switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126929A2
EP0126929A2 EP84104058A EP84104058A EP0126929A2 EP 0126929 A2 EP0126929 A2 EP 0126929A2 EP 84104058 A EP84104058 A EP 84104058A EP 84104058 A EP84104058 A EP 84104058A EP 0126929 A2 EP0126929 A2 EP 0126929A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
compression space
movement
gas switch
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84104058A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0126929B1 (en
EP0126929A3 (en
EP0126929B2 (en
Inventor
Walter Egli
Klaus Prof. Dr. Ragaller
Ekkehard Dr. Schade
Roland Stelzer
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0126929A2 publication Critical patent/EP0126929A2/en
Publication of EP0126929A3 publication Critical patent/EP0126929A3/en
Publication of EP0126929B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126929B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas pressure switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a gas pressure switch is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,331,935.
  • the known switch has a movable contact piece which cooperates with a fixed contact piece and has a first piston, which is moved along the inner wall of a cylinder when it is switched off and compresses the insulating gas located in the cylinder.
  • a second piston directed towards the first piston when switched off by a tensioned spring additionally increases the compression of the insulating gas in the cylinder at the beginning of the switching-off process, as a result of which the switching capacity is to be improved at high currents.
  • the spring which drives the second piston must therefore be designed for large forces.
  • the second piston must be released at the beginning of the switch-off process by means of a complex latch system.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized in that, despite a modest drive for the movable switching element, it has sufficient amounts of extinguishing gas suitable for the extinguishing of large and small switching arcs and is suitable for the size of the switching arc to be extinguished.
  • Pressure switches are shown in the left-hand half of the figure in the switch-off position and in the right-hand half of the figure in each case in the switch-on position.
  • the same parts are also provided with the same reference symbols in all switches.
  • the compressed gas switch shown in FIG. 1 has a fixed contact 1 with a nominal current contact 2 and a burn-up contact 3 and a movable contact 4 with a nominal current contact 5 and a burn-off contact 6.
  • the erosion contacts 3 and 6 are nozzle-shaped and are mounted on contact tubes 7 and 8, respectively.
  • the erosion contact 3 of the fixed contact 1 has an outer diameter corresponding approximately to the inside diameter of the nozzle-shaped erosion contact 6 of the movable contact 4, so that the erosion contact 3 can penetrate into the interior of the erosion contact 6 in the switched-on position (shown in the right half of FIG. 1) ).
  • the erosion contact 6 of the movable contact piece 4 is surrounded at a distance by an insulating nozzle 9.
  • the outer surface of the insulating nozzle 9 is limited by the nominal current contact 5.
  • the compression space 13 is of a cylindrical housing 14 made of insulating material, such as glass fiber-reinforced plastic or porcelain, which receives the contact pieces 1 and 4, the contact tube 8, the piston 12 and another piston 15 limited. Both pistons 12 and 15 can slide in a sealing manner in the axial direction on the inner surface of the housing 14. On the inner surface of the housing 14, an annular stop 16 is attached, against which the piston 15 bears with its surface facing the compression space 13. A compression spring 17 is supported on the surface of the piston 15 facing away from the compression space 13, the end of which is facing away from the piston 15 is held by a shoulder 18 provided on the inner surface of the housing 14. A stop 19 is provided on the contact tube 8, against which, in the switched-on position, the piston 15 bears with its surface facing away from the compression space 13. In the switched-on position, the piston 15 therefore acts like a fixed bottom of the compression space 13.
  • the housing 14 is filled with an insulating gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, of preferably a few bar pressure.
  • the switching arc clogs the nozzle openings of the erosion contacts 3 and 6 during the high current phase and the pressure of the insulating gas in the compression space 13 is therefore considerably increased by heating.
  • a predeterminable pressure value of the insulating gas located in the compression space 13 which is, for example, 0.5-1 bar higher than the pressure value of the insulating gas in the switch-on position, the piston 15 is displaced downward against the force of the spring 17 and thus the compression space when the gas pressure is increased 13 enlarged (curve section II in Fig.
  • the switch according to the invention therefore behaves like an arrangement in which the extinguishing gas is stored in a chamber with a constant volume.
  • the drive only requires the force required to tension the spring 17, which is approximately of the same order of magnitude as the force required for the cold gas pressure build-up in the compression space 13.
  • the switch according to the invention therefore behaves like a blow piston switch.
  • the drive only has to exert the force necessary for compressing the insulating gas provided in the compression space 13, but this is low because of the weak insulating gas flows required for successfully blowing the arcs of small currents.
  • the shoulder 18 is attached to the contact tube 8 instead of to the housing 14.
  • the force of the spring 17 is now absorbed by the contact tube 8.
  • the piston 15 can slide into a cylinder 20 in a sealing manner.
  • the cylinder 20 is connected in a suitable manner to a cylinder base 21 which is fastened to the switching element 4 and which is penetrated by the channel 10 entering the compression space 13.
  • the piston 15 is fixed by a stop 22 held in a suitable manner by the housing 14.
  • the stop 22 is held, for example, by a rod 23 which penetrates the piston 15 in a sealing manner and whose end facing away from the stop 22 is mounted on a shoulder 24 fastened to the housing 14.
  • the piston 15 When switching large currents, the piston 15 is removed from the stop 22 against the force of the spring 17 after the disconnection of the erosion contacts 3 and 6, as in the embodiments described above. He temporarily occupies the position shown in dashed lines in the left half of FIG. 4. According to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the drive of the switching element 4 is also considerably relieved when large currents are switched off in this switch. In addition, this switch also has the advantage that the use of a cylinder connected to the switching element 4 saves a piston and the compression space 13 can be designed independently of the housing 14.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Druckgasschalter weist zwei relativ zueinander bewegliche Schaltstücke (1, 4) mit jeweils einem Abbrandkontakt (3, 6) sowie einen zylinderförmigen, durch Bewegung der Schaltstücke (1, 4) veränderlichen und mit Druckgas gefüllten Kompressionsraum (13) auf. In eine erste beider Stirnseiten des Kompressionsraumes (13) läuft ein in die Löschzone zwischen den Abbrandkontakten (3, 6) führender Kanal (10) ein. Eine zweite beider Stirnseiten ist von einem Kolben (15) begrenzt, welcher längs der Zylinderachse des Kompressionsraumes (13) verschiebbar ist und unter der Wirkung einer gespannten Feder (17) steht. Dieser Schalter soll bei einem vergleichsweise schwach und einfach dimensionierten Antrieb des beweglichen Schaltstückes (4) sowohl kleine als auch grosse Ströme mit Sicherheit unterbrechen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Kolben (15) mit einem feststehenden Anschlag (16) zusammenwirkt, welcher derart angeordnet ist, dass die Bewegung des von der gespannten Feder (17) beaufschlagten Kolbens (15) unterhalb eines vorgegebenen ersten Druckwertes des im Kompressionsraum (13) befindlichen Druckgases entgegen der Bewegung des beim Ausschalten bewegten Schaltstückes (4) gehemmt ist.A compressed gas switch has two switching pieces (1, 4) which are movable relative to one another, each with a burnup contact (3, 6) and a cylindrical compression space (13) which is variable by moving the switching pieces (1, 4) and filled with compressed gas. A channel (10) leading into the extinguishing zone between the erosion contacts (3, 6) runs into a first two end faces of the compression space (13). A second both end faces is delimited by a piston (15) which can be displaced along the cylinder axis of the compression space (13) and is under the action of a tensioned spring (17). With a comparatively weak and simply dimensioned drive of the movable switching element (4), this switch should reliably interrupt both small and large currents. This is achieved in that the piston (15) interacts with a fixed stop (16) which is arranged in such a way that the movement of the piston (15) acted on by the tensioned spring (17) below a predetermined first pressure value of the in the compression chamber ( 13) located compressed gas is inhibited against the movement of the switching piece (4) moving when switched off.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckgasschalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Ein derartiger Schalter ist etwa aus der US-PS 3 331 935 bekannt. Der bekannte Schalter weist ein mit einem feststehenden Schaltstück zusammenarbeitendes bewegliches Schaltstück mit einem ersten Kolben auf, welcher beim Ausschalten längs der Innenwand eines Zylinders bewegt wird, und hierbei im Zylinder befindliches Isoliergas komprimiert. Ein beim Ausschalten durch eine gespannte Feder dem ersten Kolben entgegen geführter zweiter Kolben erhöht die Kompression des im Zylinder befindlichen Isoliergases zu Beginn des Ausschaltvorganges zusätzlich, wodurch das Schaltvermögen bei grossen Strömen verbessert werden soll. Die den Antrieb des zweiten Kolbens bewirkende Feder muss daher für grosse Kräfte ausgelegt sein. Zudem muss der zweite Kolben zu Beginn des Ausschaltvorganges durch ein aufwendiges Klinkensystem gelöst werden.The invention relates to a gas pressure switch according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a switch is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,331,935. The known switch has a movable contact piece which cooperates with a fixed contact piece and has a first piston, which is moved along the inner wall of a cylinder when it is switched off and compresses the insulating gas located in the cylinder. A second piston directed towards the first piston when switched off by a tensioned spring additionally increases the compression of the insulating gas in the cylinder at the beginning of the switching-off process, as a result of which the switching capacity is to be improved at high currents. The spring which drives the second piston must therefore be designed for large forces. In addition, the second piston must be released at the beginning of the switch-off process by means of a complex latch system.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Schalter der gattungsgemässen Art zu schaffen, welcher bei einem vergleichsweise schwach dimensionierten und einfach ausgebildeten Antrieb des beweglichen Schaltstückes sowohl kleine als auch grosse Ströme mit Sicherheit unterbrechen kann.It is an object of the invention to switch the genus to create according type, which can interrupt both small and large currents with certainty with a comparatively weakly dimensioned and simply designed drive of the movable contact.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil von Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Der erfindungsgemässe Schalter zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass er trotz eines bescheiden gehaltenen Antriebs für das bewegliche Schaltstück sowohl für das Löschen grosser als auch kleiner Schaltlichtbögen über ausreichende und an die Grösse des zu löschenden Schaltlichtbogens angepasste Mengen an Löschgas geeigneten Druckes verfügt.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. The switch according to the invention is characterized in that, despite a modest drive for the movable switching element, it has sufficient amounts of extinguishing gas suitable for the extinguishing of large and small switching arcs and is suitable for the size of the switching arc to be extinguished.

Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes anhand der Zeichnung dargestellt.Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters,
  • Fig. 2 ein Diagramm, in dem das Volumen V des Kompressionsraumes in Funktion des Hubes h des beweglichen Schaltstückes angegeben ist,
  • Fig. 3 eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters, und
  • Fig. 4 eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters.
It shows:
  • 1 is a plan view of a section through a first embodiment of the pressure gas switch according to the invention,
  • 2 is a diagram in which the volume V of the compression space is given as a function of the stroke h of the movable contact piece,
  • 3 shows a plan view of a section through a second embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of a section through a third embodiment of the pressure gas switch according to the invention.

Die in den Fig. 1, 3 und 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemässen Druckgeaschalter sind in den linken Figurenhälften jeweils in der Ausschalt- und in den rechten Figurenhälften jeweils in der Einachaltetellung dargestellt. Bei allen Schaltern sind gleiche Teile auch mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.1, 3 and 4 according to the invention Pressure switches are shown in the left-hand half of the figure in the switch-off position and in the right-hand half of the figure in each case in the switch-on position. The same parts are also provided with the same reference symbols in all switches.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Druckgasschalter weist ein feststehendes Schaltstück 1 mit einem Nennstromkontakt 2 und einem Abbrandkontakt 3 sowie ein bewegliches Schaltstück 4 mit einem Nennstromkontakt 5 und einem Abbrandkontakt 6 auf. Die Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 sind düsenförmig ausgebildet und jeweils auf Kontaktrohren 7 und 8 angebracht. Der Abbrandkontakt 3 des feststehenden Schaltstückes 1 weist einen etwa dem Innendurchmesser des düsenförmig ausgebildeten Abbrandkontaktes 6 des beweglichen Schaltstückes 4 entsprechenden Aussendurchmesser auf, so dass der Abbrandkontakt 3 in der Einschaltstellung ins Innere des Abbrandkontaktes 6 eindringen kann (in der rechten Hälfte von Fig. 1 dargestellt).The compressed gas switch shown in FIG. 1 has a fixed contact 1 with a nominal current contact 2 and a burn-up contact 3 and a movable contact 4 with a nominal current contact 5 and a burn-off contact 6. The erosion contacts 3 and 6 are nozzle-shaped and are mounted on contact tubes 7 and 8, respectively. The erosion contact 3 of the fixed contact 1 has an outer diameter corresponding approximately to the inside diameter of the nozzle-shaped erosion contact 6 of the movable contact 4, so that the erosion contact 3 can penetrate into the interior of the erosion contact 6 in the switched-on position (shown in the right half of FIG. 1) ).

Der Abbrandkontakt 6 des beweglichen Schaltstückes 4 ist mit Abstand von einer Isolierstoffdüse 9 umgeben. Die Aussenfläche der Isolierstoffdüse 9 ist vom Nennstromkontakt 5 begrenzt. Die Innenfläche der Isolierstoffdüse 9 begrenzt zusammen mit den Aussenflächen von Kontaktrohr 8 und Abbrandkontakt 6 einen ringförmigen Kanal 10, welcher sich durch einen mittels Stegen 11 am Kontaktrohr 8 befestigten Ringkolben 12 erstreckt. Der Kanal 10 verbindet in der Ausschaltstellung (rechte Hälfte von Fig. 1) die zwischen beiden Abbrandkontakten 3 und 6 gelegene Zone, in welcher während eines Schaltvorganges ein zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 3 und 6 gezogener Schaltlichtbogen brennt, mit einem Kompressionsraum 13.The erosion contact 6 of the movable contact piece 4 is surrounded at a distance by an insulating nozzle 9. The outer surface of the insulating nozzle 9 is limited by the nominal current contact 5. The inner surface of the insulating material nozzle 9, together with the outer surfaces of the contact tube 8 and the erosion contact 6, delimits an annular channel 10 which extends through an annular piston 12 fastened to the contact tube 8 by means of webs 11. In the switched-off position (right half of FIG. 1), the channel 10 connects the zone located between the two erosion contacts 3 and 6, in which a switching arc drawn between the erosion contacts 3 and 6 burns with a compression space 13.

Der Kompressionsraum 13 ist von einem die Schaltstücke 1 und 4 aufnehmenden zylinderförmigen Gehäuse 14 aus Isolierstoff, wie etwa aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff oder Porzellan, dem Kontaktrohr 8, dem Kolben 12 sowie einem weiteren Kolben 15 begrenzt. Beide Kolben 12 und 15 können in dichtender Weise in axialer Richtung auf der Innenfläche des Gehäuses 14 gleiten. Auf der Innenfläche des Gehäuses 14 ist ein ringförmiger Anschlag 16 angebracht, an dem der Kolben 15 mit seiner dem Kompressionsraum 13 zugewandten Fläche anliegt. Auf der vom Kompressionsraum 13 abgewandten Fläche des Kolbens 15 stützt sich eine Druckfeder 17 ab, deren vom Kolben 15 abgewandtes Ende von einem an der Innenfläche des Gehäuses 14 vorgesehenen Ansatz 18 gehalten ist. Am Kontaktrohr 8 ist ein Anschlag 19 vorgesehen, an dem in der Einschaltstellung der Kolben 15 mit seiner vom Kompressionsraum 13 abgewandten Fläche anliegt. Der Kolben 15 wirkt daher in der Einschaltstellung wie ein fester Boden des Kompressionsraumes 13. Das Gehäuse 14 ist mit einem Isoliergas, wie etwa Schwefelhexafluorid, von vorzugsweise einigen bar Druck gefüllt.The compression space 13 is of a cylindrical housing 14 made of insulating material, such as glass fiber-reinforced plastic or porcelain, which receives the contact pieces 1 and 4, the contact tube 8, the piston 12 and another piston 15 limited. Both pistons 12 and 15 can slide in a sealing manner in the axial direction on the inner surface of the housing 14. On the inner surface of the housing 14, an annular stop 16 is attached, against which the piston 15 bears with its surface facing the compression space 13. A compression spring 17 is supported on the surface of the piston 15 facing away from the compression space 13, the end of which is facing away from the piston 15 is held by a shoulder 18 provided on the inner surface of the housing 14. A stop 19 is provided on the contact tube 8, against which, in the switched-on position, the piston 15 bears with its surface facing away from the compression space 13. In the switched-on position, the piston 15 therefore acts like a fixed bottom of the compression space 13. The housing 14 is filled with an insulating gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, of preferably a few bar pressure.

Beim Ausschalten wird das durch einen nicht dargestellten Antrieb in Richtung des in der rechten Hälfte von Fig. 1 angegebenen Pfeils, d.h. nach unten, bewegt. Hierbei öffnen zunächst die Nennstromkontakte 2 und 5 und wird der abzuschaltende Strom in einen das Kontaktrohr 7, den Abbrandkontakt 3, den Abbrandkontakt 6 und das Kontaktrohr 8 aufweisenden Strompfad kommutiert. Einige msec später wird der Eingriff zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 3 und 6 aufgehoben und zwischen diesen Kontakten ein nicht dargestellter Schaltlichtbogen gezündet.When switching off, this is indicated by a drive, not shown, in the direction of the arrow indicated in the right half of FIG. down, moved. First, the nominal current contacts 2 and 5 open and the current to be switched off is commutated into a current path having the contact tube 7, the erosion contact 3, the erosion contact 6 and the contact tube 8. A few msec later, the intervention between the erosion contacts 3 and 6 is canceled and a switching arc (not shown) is ignited between these contacts.

Da durch die gleichzeitig erfolgende Abwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 12 der Druck des im Kompressionsraum 13 eingeschlossenen Isoliergases erhöht wird, strömt bei der Kontakttrennung Druckgas aus dem Raum 13 über den Kanal 10 in die Zone zwischen den beiden Abbrandkontakten 3 und 6, wodurch eine Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens erfolgt. Das zuströmende Gas wird nach der Beblasung über die düsenförmig ausgebildeten Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 und die Kontaktrohre 7 und 8 sowie über die Isolierstoffdüse 9 in einen Expansionsraum abgeführt. Die Feder 17 ist hierbei derart bemessen, dass der Kolben 15 zumindest bis zum Zeitpunkt der Trennung der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 trotz zunehmenden Drucks des im Kompressionsraum 13 befindlichen Isoliergases gegen den Anschlag 16 gepresst ist.Since the simultaneous downward movement of the piston 12 increases the pressure of the insulating gas enclosed in the compression space 13, compressed gas flows from the space 13 through the channel 10 into the zone between the two arcing contacts 3 and 6 during the contact separation, as a result of which the switching arc is blown . The inflowing gas is after blowing over the nozzle-shaped erosion contacts 3 and 6 and the contact tubes 7 and 8 and via the insulating nozzle 9 are discharged into an expansion space. The spring 17 is dimensioned here in such a way that the piston 15 is pressed against the stop 16 at least until the point at which the erosion contacts 3 and 6 are separated, despite increasing pressure of the insulating gas located in the compression space 13.

Dieser Sachverhalt ist auch aus Fig. 2 entnehmbar, in der das Volumen V des Kompressionsraumes 13 in Funktion des Hubes h des Schaltstückes 4 dargestellt ist. In der Einschaltstellung, d.h. beim Hub 0, weist der Kompressionsraum 13 noch das Volumen VE auf. Mit zunehmendem Hub h wird das Volumen V des Kompressionsraumes 13 kleiner (Kurvenabschnitt I) und ist bei der Trennung der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 (Hub KT) auf das Volumen VKT verringert worden. Gleichzeitig ist der Druck des im Kompressionsraum 13 befindlichen Isoliergases entsprechend vergrössert worden.This fact can also be seen in FIG. 2, in which the volume V of the compression space 13 is shown as a function of the stroke h of the switching element 4. In the switched-on position, ie at stroke 0, the compression space 13 still has the volume V E. With increasing stroke h, the volume V of the compression space 13 becomes smaller (curve section I) and has been reduced to the volume V KT when the erosion contacts 3 and 6 (stroke KT) are separated. At the same time, the pressure of the insulating gas located in the compression space 13 has been increased accordingly.

Erfolgt nun die Kontakttrennung bei grossen abzuschaltenden Strömen, so verstopft der Schaltlichtbogen während der Hochstromphase die Düsenöffnungen der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 und wird daher der Druck des im Kompressionsraum 13 befindlichen Isoliergases durch Aufheizen erheblich erhöht. Oberhalb eines vorgebbaren Druckwertes des im Kompressionsraum 13 befindlichen Isoliergases, welcher beispielsweise 0,5 - 1 bar höher ist als der Druckwert des Isoliergases in der Einschaltstellung, wird der Kolben 15 gegen die Kraft der Feder 17 nach unten verschoben und dadurch bei erhöhtem Gasdruck der Kompressionsraum 13 solange vergrössert (Kurvenabschnitt II in Fig. 2), bis sein Volumen bedingt durch das Anschlagen des Kolbens 15 am Anschlag 19 konstant bleibt (Kurvenabschnitt III) Bei Annäherung des Stromes an den Nulldurchgang fällt der Druck wieder ab, da der Schaltlichtbogen die Oeffnungen der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 wieder freigibt. Zur Beblasung der zwischen beiden Abbrandkontakten 3 und 6 befindlichen Lichtbogenzone steht dann das maximale Volumen VE des Kompressionsraumes 13 zur Verfügung. Bei grossen abzuschaltenden Strömen verhält sich der erfindungsgemässe Schalter daher wie eine Anordnung, bei der das Löschgas in einer Kammer mit konstantem Volumen gespeichert ist. Der Antrieb benötigt hierbei lediglich die zum Spannen der Feder 17 notwendige Kraft, welche etwa in der gleichen Grössenordnung liegt wie die für den Kaltgas-Druckaufbau im Kompressionsraum 13 notwendige Kraft.If the contact is separated at high currents to be switched off, the switching arc clogs the nozzle openings of the erosion contacts 3 and 6 during the high current phase and the pressure of the insulating gas in the compression space 13 is therefore considerably increased by heating. Above a predeterminable pressure value of the insulating gas located in the compression space 13, which is, for example, 0.5-1 bar higher than the pressure value of the insulating gas in the switch-on position, the piston 15 is displaced downward against the force of the spring 17 and thus the compression space when the gas pressure is increased 13 enlarged (curve section II in Fig. 2) until its volume remains constant due to the abutment of the piston 15 at the stop 19 (curve section III) When the current approaches the zero crossing, the pressure drops again because the switching arc, the opening releases the erosion contacts 3 and 6 again. The maximum volume V E of the compression space 13 is then available for blowing the arcing zone located between the two arcing contacts 3 and 6. With large currents to be switched off, the switch according to the invention therefore behaves like an arrangement in which the extinguishing gas is stored in a chamber with a constant volume. The drive only requires the force required to tension the spring 17, which is approximately of the same order of magnitude as the force required for the cold gas pressure build-up in the compression space 13.

Erfolgt die Kontakttrennung nun bei kleinen abzuschaltenden Strömen, so reicht die Kraft des durch den Schaltlichtbogen nur geringfügig aufgeheizten Isoliergases nicht aus, um einen zum Verschieben des Kolbens 15 ausreichenden Druck im Kompressionsraum 13 aufzubauen. Das Volumen VKT wird nach der Kontakttrennung weiter abnehmen (Kurvenabschnitt IV in Fig. 2). Bei kleinen abzuschaltenden Strömen verhält sich der erfindungsgemässe Schalter daher wie ein Blaskolbenschalter. Der Antrieb muss hierbei lediglich die zur Kompression des im Kompressionsraum 13 vorgesehenen Isoliergases notwendige Kraft aufbringen, welche aber wegen der zur erfolgreichen Beblasung der Lichtbögen kleiner Ströme erforderlichen schwachen Isoliergasströmungen gering ist.If the contact separation now takes place with small currents to be switched off, the force of the insulating gas which is only slightly heated by the switching arc is not sufficient to build up a sufficient pressure in the compression space 13 to move the piston 15. The volume V KT will decrease further after the contact separation (curve section IV in Fig. 2). In the case of small currents to be switched off, the switch according to the invention therefore behaves like a blow piston switch. The drive only has to exert the force necessary for compressing the insulating gas provided in the compression space 13, but this is low because of the weak insulating gas flows required for successfully blowing the arcs of small currents.

Bei der Ausbildung des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters gemäss Fig. 3 ist der Ansatz 18 statt am Gehäuse 14 am Kontaktrohr 8 angebracht. Die Kraft der Feder 17 wird nun vom Kontaktrohr 8 aufgenommen. Bei diesem Schalter wird daher beim Ausschalten grosser Ströme die Kraft des nach der Trennung der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 infolge Aufheizens durch den Schaltlichtbogen bewegten Kolbens 15 über die Feder 17 auf das Kontaktrohr 8 übertragen, wodurch ein Spannen der Feder 17 bewirkt und somit der Antrieb noch zusätzlich unterstützt wird.3, the shoulder 18 is attached to the contact tube 8 instead of to the housing 14. The force of the spring 17 is now absorbed by the contact tube 8. With this switch, when large currents are switched off, the force of the piston 15, which is moved after the separation of the erosion contacts 3 and 6 as a result of heating by the switching arc, is transmitted via the spring 17 to the contact tube 8, which causes tensioning of the spring 17 and thus the drive is additionally supported.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 4 kann der Kolben 15 in dichtender Weise in einen Zylinder 20 gleiten. Der Zylinder 20 ist in geeigneter Weise mit einem am Schaltstück 4 befestigten Zylinderboden 21 verbunden, welcher von dem in den Kompressionsraum 13 einlaufenden Kanal 10 durchsetzt ist. In der Einschaltstellung (rechte Hälfte von Fig. 4) ist der Kolben 15 durch einen in geeigneter Weise vom Gehäuse 14 gehaltenen Anschlag 22 fixiert. Die Halterung des Anschlages 22 erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine den Kolben 15 in dichtender Weise durchsetzende Stange 23, deren vom Anschlag 22 abgewandtes Ende auf einem am Gehäuse 14 befestigten Ansatz 24 gelagert ist.In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the piston 15 can slide into a cylinder 20 in a sealing manner. The cylinder 20 is connected in a suitable manner to a cylinder base 21 which is fastened to the switching element 4 and which is penetrated by the channel 10 entering the compression space 13. In the switched-on position (right half of FIG. 4), the piston 15 is fixed by a stop 22 held in a suitable manner by the housing 14. The stop 22 is held, for example, by a rod 23 which penetrates the piston 15 in a sealing manner and whose end facing away from the stop 22 is mounted on a shoulder 24 fastened to the housing 14.

Beim Schalten grosser Ströme wird der Kolben 15 nach dem Trennen der Abbrandkontakte 3 und 6 wie bei den vorstehend bezeichneten Ausführungsformen gegen die Kraft der Feder 17 vom Anschlag 22 entfernt. Hierbei nimmt er vorübergehend die in der linken Hälfte von Fig. 4 gestrichelt dargestellte Position ein. Entsprechend der Ausführungsform gemäss der Fig. 3 ist auch bei diesem Schalter der Antrieb des Schaltstückes 4 beim Ausschalten grosser Ströme erheblich entlastet. Darüber hinaus weist dieser Schalter noch den Vorteil auf, dass durch die Verwendung eines mit dem Schaltstück 4 verbundenen Zylinders ein Kolben eingespart wird und der Kompressionsraum 13 unabhängig vom Gehäuse 14 gestaltet werden kann.When switching large currents, the piston 15 is removed from the stop 22 against the force of the spring 17 after the disconnection of the erosion contacts 3 and 6, as in the embodiments described above. He temporarily occupies the position shown in dashed lines in the left half of FIG. 4. According to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the drive of the switching element 4 is also considerably relieved when large currents are switched off in this switch. In addition, this switch also has the advantage that the use of a cylinder connected to the switching element 4 saves a piston and the compression space 13 can be designed independently of the housing 14.

Claims (7)

1. Druckgasschalter mit zwei relativ zueinander beweglichen und jeweils mit einem Abbrandkontakt (3, 6) versehenen Schaltstücken (1, 4) sowie mit einem zylinderförmigen, durch Bewegung der Schaltstücke (1, 4) veränderlichen, druckgasgefüllten Kompressionsraum (13) in dessen eine Stirnseite ein an die Abbrandkontakte (3, 6) führender Kanal (10) einläuft, und dessen andere Stirnseite von einem längs der Zylinderachse des Kompressionsraumes (13) verschiebbaren und unter der Wirkung einer gespannten Feder (17) stehenden Kolben (15) begrenzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (15) mit einem feststehenden Anschlag (16, 22) zusammenarbeitet, welcher derart angeordnet ist, dass die Bewegung des von der gespannten Feder (17) beaufschlagten Kolbens (15) unterhalb eines vorgegebenen ersten Druckwertes des im Kompressionsraum (13) befindlichen Druckgases entgegen der Bewegung des beim Ausschalten bewegten Schaltstückes (4) gehemmt ist.1. Compressed gas switch with two relatively movable contact pieces (1, 4), each with a burn-off contact (3, 6), and with a cylindrical compression chamber (13) that can be changed by moving the contact pieces (1, 4) a channel (10) leading to the erosion contacts (3, 6) runs in, and the other end face of which is delimited by a piston (15) which is displaceable along the cylinder axis of the compression space (13) and is under the action of a tensioned spring (17) characterized in that the piston (15) cooperates with a fixed stop (16, 22) which is arranged such that the movement of the piston (15) acted upon by the tensioned spring (17) below a predetermined first pressure value of the in the compression chamber (13 ) located compressed gas is inhibited against the movement of the switching piece (4) moving when switched off. 2. Druckgasschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Druckwert etwa gleich dem Wert des bei der Trennung der Abbrandkontakte (3, 6) bei einem Abschaltvorgang im Kompressinsraum (13) befindlichen und durch die Ausschaltbewegung vorkomprimierten Druckgases ist.2. Compressed gas switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pressure value is approximately equal to the value of the compressed gas which is present in the compression chamber (13) during the disconnection of the erosion contacts (3, 6) and is compressed by the disconnection movement. 3. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feder (17) mit ihrem vom Kolben (15) abgewandten Ende am beweglichen Schaltstück (4) abgestützt ist.3. Pressure gas switch according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring (17) with its end facing away from the piston (15) is supported on the movable switching element (4). 4. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feder (17) mit ihrem vom Kolben (15) abgewandten Ende auf einem feststehenden Gehäuse (14) abgestützt ist.4. Gas switch according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring (17) with your end facing away from the piston (15) is supported on a stationary housing (14). 5. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am beweglichen Schaltstück (4) ein Anschlag (19) vorgesehen ist, welcher oberhalb eines zweiten Druckwertes des im Kompressionsraum (13) befindlichen Druckgases, welcher grösser als der erste Druckwert ist, die Bewegung des Kolbens (15) in Richtung der Bewegung des beim Ausschalten bewegten Schaltstückes (4) hemmt.5. Pressure gas switch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a stop (19) is provided on the movable switching element (4), which is above a second pressure value of the pressure gas in the compression chamber (13), which is greater than the first pressure value , inhibits the movement of the piston (15) in the direction of the movement of the switching element (4) which is moved when switched off. 6. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 5, daddurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kompressionsraum (13) vom Kolben (15) und einem mit dem beweglichen Schaltstück (4) verbundenen Zylinder (20) begrenzt ist.6. Pressure gas switch according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the compression space (13) is limited by the piston (15) and a cylinder (20) connected to the movable switching element (4). 7. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kompressionsraum (13) vom Kolben (15), einem feststehenden Zylinder (Gehäuse 14) und einem mit dem beweglichen Schaltstück (4) verbundenen zweiten Kolben (12) begrenzt ist.7. Pressure gas switch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the compression space (13) from the piston (15), a fixed cylinder (housing 14) and a with the movable switching element (4) connected to the second piston (12) is limited .
EP84104058A 1983-05-31 1984-04-11 Pressurised-gas switch Expired - Lifetime EP0126929B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2968/83 1983-05-31
CH296883 1983-05-31

Publications (4)

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EP0126929A2 true EP0126929A2 (en) 1984-12-05
EP0126929A3 EP0126929A3 (en) 1986-07-09
EP0126929B1 EP0126929B1 (en) 1989-08-02
EP0126929B2 EP0126929B2 (en) 1993-06-23

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EP84104058A Expired - Lifetime EP0126929B2 (en) 1983-05-31 1984-04-11 Pressurised-gas switch

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US (1) US4556767A (en)
EP (1) EP0126929B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0664975B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3322597A1 (en)

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CH679095A5 (en) * 1989-06-22 1991-12-13 Sprecher Energie Ag
FR2715499A1 (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-07-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Self-blowing circuit breaker with pneumatically locked piston.
FR2748598A1 (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-14 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa HIGH-VOLTAGE SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2761520A1 (en) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-02 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Self-extinguishing mechanism for circuit breakers
EP2822017A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-07 LSIS Co., Ltd. High voltage gas circuit breaker

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FR2683383B1 (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-12-31 Gec Alsthom Sa HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TRIPLE MOTION.
DE4402935A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker
GB9601075D0 (en) * 1996-01-19 1996-03-20 Alliedsignal Ltd Pretensioner
FR2756413B1 (en) * 1996-11-28 1998-12-31 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER
JP2008210710A (en) * 2007-02-27 2008-09-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Gas-blast circuit breaker for power
FR2957451A1 (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-16 Areva T & D Sas HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH CLOSURE RETURN AND DEVICE FOR INSERTING RESISTANCE

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CH679095A5 (en) * 1989-06-22 1991-12-13 Sprecher Energie Ag
FR2715499A1 (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-07-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Self-blowing circuit breaker with pneumatically locked piston.
EP0667633A1 (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-08-16 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Autopneumatic circuit breaker with pneumatically locked semi-mobile piston
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FR2748598A1 (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-14 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa HIGH-VOLTAGE SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0807946A1 (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-19 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa High-voltage gas-blast puffer type circuit-breaker
FR2761520A1 (en) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-02 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Self-extinguishing mechanism for circuit breakers
EP2822017A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-07 LSIS Co., Ltd. High voltage gas circuit breaker
US9147539B2 (en) 2013-07-02 2015-09-29 Lsis Co., Ltd. High voltage gas circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0126929B1 (en) 1989-08-02
US4556767A (en) 1985-12-03
EP0126929A3 (en) 1986-07-09
JPS59228328A (en) 1984-12-21
DE3322597A1 (en) 1984-12-06
EP0126929B2 (en) 1993-06-23
DE3479265D1 (en) 1989-09-07
JPH0664975B2 (en) 1994-08-22

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