EP0126982A1 - Marking stone slab in the shape of an elongate beam-like body - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A road marker in the form of an elongate, beam-like body with a substantially constant solid section along the length thereof, the marker having a lower, plane fixing surface (20), two lateral surfaces (22, 24), and an upper surface (26) made of a rubber material and having screw holes (36) allowing screw-fixing of the marker at intervals, the screw holes extending perpendicularly to the fixing surface (20) and having a widening for receiving the screw heads, and the marker having a reflecting area (34) on at least one lateral surface (22, 24), characterised in that the marker is made of an elastic, linear or granular recycled rubber and has an internal, plane reinforcement (44) located in the area of the screw holes (36) and closely connected to the rubber material.

Description

The invention relates to a marking stone in the form of an elongated, beam-like body, with a substantially constant cross section along its length and with a lower fastening surface and two side surfaces.

Marking stones of this type, which is assumed to be known, serve to delimit roads, paths and other traffic and green spaces. They are usually made of concrete, but can also be hewn from another dimensionally stable material, such as stone. A typical version of the marker stone, which is known to be known, is a so-called high curb or lawn edging stone, which is used as a straight stone for straight borders and as a curved stone for the formation of curved borders in traffic zones or for the creation of green areas. Furthermore, the marking stones of the type mentioned at the beginning include all types of high and flat-sided stones which separate footpaths and cycle paths from passable strips for motor vehicles and, for example, limit traffic islands or border and delimit other traffic areas.

All of these known marking stones are placed with their lower, mostly flat fastening surface and optionally additionally with a lower partial area of at least one of their side surfaces in a bed, usually a mortar bed, and generally permanently attached. Typically, only a partial area of their side surfaces, possibly also only a single side surface, is available for the marking function. The laying of the known marker stones requires excavation. If the known marking stones are retrofitted to a traffic route, the immediately adjacent part of the traffic route adjacent to the side surfaces is inevitably torn open during excavation and must be repaired later. In the known marking stones, it is therefore particularly disadvantageous that retrofitting is associated with great effort, that is to say also with high costs.

A disadvantage of the known marker stones, however, is that they are completely rigid, i.e. do not cause any loss of force when they are loaded, for example by a wheel of a vehicle: this rigidity of the known marker stones has the further disadvantage that non-rectilinear boundaries either by each have to be made specially with the respective curvature marker stones, which is complex and expensive, or have to be built up from straight-line marker stones, which are composed in the manner of a polygon. In the latter case, great problems arise in particular with narrower radii of curvature, since relatively sharp corners are formed. This is particularly the case with traffic islands.

Finally, it is a disadvantage of the known marking stones that they can practically no longer be taken up and reused after being laid without being destroyed. The known marking stones are therefore disadvantageous, in particular in the case of markings which should only last for a certain time.

Proceeding from this, it is an object of the invention to avoid the disadvantages of the known marker stones of the type mentioned at the outset and to create a marker stone which enables a reduction in force, allows universal use, is clearly recognizable and can be reused.

This object is achieved on the basis of the known marker stone in that the marker stone is made of an elastic material, in particular rubber and preferably recycled rubber, that it has a reflection area, in particular cat eyes or a reflection film, on at least one side surface, and that it has a selective point Has recesses enabling screw fastening, in particular screw holes.

This marking stone according to the invention not only makes it possible to replace the marking stones which are assumed to be known, but also offers for the first time the possibility of significantly improving the marking in terms of its appearance and separating effect. Since the marking stone according to the invention is made of an elastic material and in particular of recycled rubber, it can yield elastically under external forces acting on it. It cushions loads, dampens hard impacts and protects people from injuries and vehicles from damage. Due to the execution in elastic material, the Mar Kierungsstein be bent in the longitudinal direction, so a curve of a boundary line can be easily adapted and also used for level differences, such as waves, the wing on which it is attached. Straight-line marking stones can therefore not only be used for straight-line marking lines, but also uniformly or unevenly curved marking lines. If the curvatures become stronger, i.e. the radii of curvature smaller, a second shape, namely a curved marking stone, is used, which due to its elasticity can also be bent in the longitudinal direction and thereby covers all practically occurring small radii of curvature. With two marking stones, a straight line and a curved one, the usual boundary and marking lines can be created continuously and easily.

On account of the at least one reflection area on at least one side surface, the marking stone according to the invention is very well recognizable, in particular even in the dark. The reflection areas can be designed as cat eyes, through reflective tape or otherwise. The fact that the marking stone itself is made of an elastic material is advantageous here, particularly in the case of cat eyes. When the reflection areas are stressed, in particular by motor vehicles, and in the area of the reflection areas, these can deflect together with the material of the marking stone, thereby counteracting damage to the reflection areas. The reflection areas normally reflect at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the marking stone. However, reflection areas that reflect the light at an acute angle to the longitudinal direction are also advantageous for motor vehicle traffic.

Pied roof-shaped cat eyes or reflection areas arranged on appropriately beveled surfaces have proven their worth here.

Because of its selective screw fastening in the area of recesses, the marking stone according to the invention can on the one hand be quickly mounted on an existing surface, for example an asphalt surface, and on the other hand it can be dismantled just as easily, whereby it is not destroyed but can be used again. The marker stone is therefore very advantageous for markings that should only exist for a predetermined period of time, for example on construction sites. Here it is of great advantage that the surface on which the marking stone is placed and with which it is fastened is practically not damaged and can be used after removal of the marking stone. The same applies, as stated, to the marking stone itself.

The marking stone according to the invention can be specially designed for the respective application: if the vehicle body and lane are separated for vehicle traffic, its profile is preferably symmetrical, both side surfaces are equipped with reflection areas which may reflect in opposite directions. When used to delimit bicycle lanes or lanes in the lane area, marking stones can be used which have a substantially smaller cross section than for applications in the traffic area of motor vehicles. Even then eflexionsbereichen with _R to equip only one side surface. When used as a crossbar, particularly at the beginning or end of a traffic-calmed zone, a marking stone that is rounded, in particular round, flatter is advantageous. The reflection areas signal the motor vehicle witness driver the consciously created threshold, the shape and design of the marker stone still allows a moderately disabled crossing of the cross shaft. In this application and design, a general advantage of the marking stone according to the invention is particularly clear: since the marking stone according to the invention absorbs shocks and reduces the forces introduced, it contributes to noise reduction.

In a preferred embodiment, the marking stone has a constant cross section over its entire length, that is to say it is prismatic. Its boundary surfaces are preferably planes and / or cylindrical surfaces.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper side runs parallel to the fastening surface and is narrower than the fastening surface, the side surfaces each consist of an upper inclined surface and a vertical surface. In the area of the upper inclined surface, reflection areas can advantageously be provided, these are well recognized, since the inclined surface runs essentially transversely to the direction of view of a person.

In particular for crossbeams at the end and in areas with less traffic, markers with an arcuate, in particular circular, flat profile have proven their worth.

An embodiment in which the end faces are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is preferred. As a result, both end faces are identical, the laying is simplified because the marking stone according to the invention has no start or end face. It is particularly advantageous to provide grooves in the end faces, which, however, have a depth of zero at the top. This makes them when two Marking stones are placed on the end face, i.e. according to the usual assembly, not visible from the outside. You can take up triangular or similarly designed connecting parts that are later not visible after assembly or can be removed. A positive fit is achieved between two successive marking stones.

It is very advantageous to provide drainage incisions in the (lower) fastening surface, which are visible as bays on both side surfaces and connect both side surfaces. As a result, surface water can flow between the marking stone and its surface, the surface drainage of traffic areas is promoted, water accumulations and puddles on one or both sides of the marking stone, which could cause a traffic hazard or a nuisance, cannot form. Advantageously, several such drainage incisions are provided over the total length of the marking stone, which is typically 10 cm to 2 m.

It is advantageous to provide a nose or a groove on the fastening surfaces. As a result, the marker can be pressed onto an already existing or specially made bar, or its nose is pressed into a groove that is already present in the ground or has been cut or prepared specifically for the marker. In both cases, very precise courses of the marking line are achieved, particularly in the case of curvatures in the course of the marking line. The assembly work is also simplified.

A production of the marking stone from is preferred a rubber material in the form of granules, in particular cubic granules. However, linear rubber materials are also preferred for the production of the marking stone, namely thread-like rubber materials, for example in the crumb cut. The desired force reduction can be set by a suitable choice of material.

The marking stones are created in a specially manufactured form. It is advantageous to make recesses on the side surfaces or in the top, which are used for fastening the reflection material, that is to say in particular cat eyes or a reflection film. These reflection areas can even be used in recess areas of the surfaces of the marking stone so that they do not protrude from its surface. This ensures permanent fixation, making it difficult to remove them at will.

In the case of marking stones for motor vehicle traffic in particular, it can be advantageous to reinforce the marking stones with an internal reinforcement. This can be done using conventional reinforcement materials, especially plastic threads or mats.

• Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise schnittbildlich ausgeführt, eines Markierungssteines mit Schrägflächen und symmetrischem Profil,
• Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Markierungsstein gemäß Figur 1,
• Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht eines Markierungssteines entsprechend Figur 1 für ein Anfangs- oder Endstück,
• Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf das Anfangs- oder Endstück gemäß Figur 3,
• Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Markierungssteines gemäß :den Figuren 1 und 2, und
• Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Markierungssteines mit flachem, gerundetem Profil.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the remaining claims and the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments, which, however, are not to be understood as restrictive. They are described below with reference to the drawing. In this show:

• 1 is a side view, partially in section, of a marking stone with inclined surfaces and symmetrical profile,
• 2 shows a plan view of the marking stone according to FIG. 1,
• 3 shows a side view of a marking stone corresponding to FIG. 1 for a start or end piece,
• 4 is a top view of the beginning or end piece according to FIG. 3,
• 5 shows a perspective illustration of the marking stone according to: FIGS. 1 and 2, and
• Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a marking stone with a flat, rounded profile.

The marker stones shown are all elongated overall, so their length is much greater than their width or height. They thus have a beam-like body, the cross section of which remains unchanged over the entire length. Each marking stone has a lower fastening surface 20, which is flat in the exemplary embodiments shown, but which may also have a different shape, for example a groove 21 (FIG. 5) or a tongue 21 ′ (FIG. 6). Normally, however, flat mounting surfaces are common. Since the marker stone is made of an elastic material, the assembled state lies flush and fully on a surface, this also ensures good adhesion to the surface, which prevents the fastening surface from shifting relative to the surface, especially when there are lateral forces. Such shifts need not be ruled out, but it is preferred that they do not occur.

Arkierungsstein the _M further has two side surfaces 22,24, a top side 26 and two end surfaces 28, 29th

As already mentioned above, the marker stone is out an elastic material, in particular a rubber and preferably a recycled rubber. It is made of solid material. The elasticity is designed so that a force reduction of 40 to 60%, preferably 50%, based on a sand bed with standard grain size is achieved as a reference. The reduction in power and thus the hardness of the material are selected in relation to the intended use; a higher hardness is specified for traffic areas with motor vehicles than in pedestrian or cycling areas. The hardness setting and thus the force reduction factor is achieved by suitable choice, size and shape of the rubber particles from which the marking stone is composed.

Both side surfaces 22, 24 are identical, in other words the profile of the marking bar according to FIGS. 1 to 5 is fold-symmetrical. Each side surface 22, 24 in each case consists of a vertical surface 30 and an upper inclined surface 32 adjoining this in the upper region. Reflecting regions 34 are arranged in the latter, as can be seen from the figures, which are designed as cat eyes in the exemplary embodiment shown. These are embedded flush in the material. For this purpose there are recesses, not shown, into which pins are inserted on the back of the cat's eyes. These pegs have retention claws or a sawtooth shape, which makes them last. The number of reflection areas 34 is determined as a function of the purpose of the marking stone, and consequently significantly more reflection areas 34 than shown or reflection areas with a larger area can be used.

On the vertical center line, which is also the plane of symmetry, there are a total of three, one point screw fastening. Providing recesses in Firm provided by screw holes 36. These have in the area of the top 26 extensions 38 which are shaped such that the head of a screw penetrating the screw holes 36, in particular a key screw, is clearly below the top 26, so that even when the top 26 deflects, the screw head is not opposite the top 26 steps forward.

The marking stone according to the invention is preferably attached by screws. For this purpose, holes are drilled in the subsurface before the marking stone is installed if the subsurface has sufficient strength, for example is formed by concrete or bitumen. Dowels are used in the boreholes in a known manner, which expand when a screw is screwed in and offer a secure hold for the screw. The marking stone is pressed flat against the lower surface when the screw is tightened. In the case of non-cohesive substrates, e.g. earth, an impregnated wooden block is embedded in the floor or a steel nail with an internal thread is driven into the floor.

A total of six drainage incisions 40, preferably running transversely to the longitudinal direction, are provided in the marking stone and are located between and at a distance from the screw holes 36. They enable cross-drainage between the marking stone and its lower surface. They are visible on both side surfaces 22, 24 and connect them, side surfaces 22, 24. The drainage incisions 40 preferably run at right angles to the longitudinal direction and are cuboid. In the exemplary embodiment shown, its width is 70 mm and its height is 10 mm. They each start 70 mm next to a screw hole 36.

The marking stone shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 also has the following dimensions: the total length is 1 m, its height is 80 mm, the vertical surfaces 30 have a height of 50 mm, the inclined surfaces 32 have a vertical height of 30 mm. The marking stone is 100 mm wide, the top 26 is 50 mm wide.

In an advantageous embodiment, the extensions 38 of the screw holes 36 are designed so that they can accommodate cat eyes. As a result, the actual fastening screws are completely covered and protected at the same time.

The marking stone shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 in the form of a beginning or end piece basically has a structure like the marking stone already discussed, in contrast to this, however, an inclined surface 42 in the region of one end surface 28, at least not both end surfaces. The inclined surface 42 is at an angle of approximately 30 ° to the fastening surface 20 and goes down into a vertical partial end face with a height of 25 mm.

In Figures 1 and 2, a triangular groove 46 is also drawn in dash-dotted lines in both end faces 28. It is not visible from the outside when the marking stones are placed next to each other. A triangular connecting part can be inserted into it, which ensures a positive connection between adjacent stones.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the marking stone also has a folding symmetrical profile, but a flat, rounded profile shape. Rectangular reflection foils are embedded in the side surfaces 22 as reflection regions 34 or, if appropriate, glued onto the side surfaces 22, 24. Beyond that there is none In contrast to the exemplary embodiments already discussed, screw holes 36 are also provided, so fastening is also carried out in specific areas. The embodiment according to FIG. 6 includes a correspondingly beveled or rounded end or beginning stone, as was similarly shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Instead of the preferred material recycling rubber, another elastic material can also be used to produce the marking stone. In particular, plastics can be used which allow a certain reduction in force and are accordingly elastic in shape. Plastic foams, for example polyurethane foam, which have a closed-pore surface or are provided with an elastic surface layer, are particularly suitable here. However, this does not preclude the use of elastic plastic materials, such as soft PVC.

Finally, the very diverse possible uses of the marking stone according to the invention are to be emphasized once again: this marking stone can be used (individually or in combination), as a dividing stone, as a curb, as a boundary stone and as a curb. The universal application in these diverse areas saves the storage of many different stones of the type presumed to be known, which must be designed according to the respective purpose. In addition, the marking stone according to the invention has a lower specific weight and is therefore easier to handle. The power reduction of the marking stone according to the invention can be produced depending on the individual requirements. Power reduction factors of 40 to 60, preferably 50%, in each case based on a sand bed with standard grain size, have proven successful.

Finally, FIG. 1 shows an internal, area-like reinforcement 44 made of a fabric material. This can also be formed by steel cord inlays, metal grids, nylon threads or the like. The area around the screw holes 36 is preferably reinforced. The reinforcement 44 is elastic and intimately connected to the material of the marking stone. It ensures sufficient durability of the marking stone even under loads from motor vehicles, for example trucks.

A sand bed with a standard grain size has the following composition in accordance with DIN 18915 Part 1: Sand with a maximum grain size of six millimeters without sloppy or clayey components. The reduction in force of such a sand bed is standardized in DIN 18196 section 3.3 and is applied as a 100% value when compared with the material of the marking stone.

A groove 21 is shown in FIG. 5 and a tongue 21 'in FIG. 6. Furthermore, an end groove 46 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The reflection areas 34 consist of a retroreflective material. A reflection is emitted largely independent of the angle of incidence of a light to be reflected.

Finally, the use of the marking stones in motorway junctions has proven particularly useful. Here, the lane for the entrance and the lane for the departure are separated from one another by marking stones in order to clearly signal a passage and thereby largely avoid that a driver becomes a ghost driver.

Claims (10)

1. marking stone in the form of an elongated, beam-like body with a substantially constant cross-section along its length and with a lower fastening surface (20) and two side surfaces (22, 24), characterized in that it is made of an elastic material, in particular rubber and preferably recycling Rubber is made such that it has a reflection area (34), in particular a cat's eye or a reflective film, on at least one side surface (22, 24), and that it has recesses, in particular screw holes (36), which enable a point-specific screw fastening. 2. Marking stone according to claim 1, characterized in that its profile is folding symmetry and that its boundary surfaces are planes and / or partial cylinder surfaces. 3. Marking stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has perpendicular to the longitudinal direction end faces (28) or that at the beginning or _E nd stones the end faces (28) have upper inclined surface (42) with preferably 20 ° to 50 °, in particular 30 ° angle with respect to the fastening surface (20). 4. Marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its width and / or height is a minimum of 20 mm and a maximum of 300 mm, the width is preferably a minimum of 100 mm and a maximum of 200 mm and the height is a minimum of 150 mm. 5. marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a length of a minimum of 10 cm and a maximum of 2 m. 6. Marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is straight in the longitudinal direction or in that it has a curvature in the longitudinal direction. 7. marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the fastening surface (20) drainage incisions (40) are provided which connect the two side surfaces (22, 24) with each other. 8. Marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it consists of a linear rubber material, in particular rubber threads and preferably rubber material with a crimp cut, or that it consists of granular rubber material, in particular cubic granules. 9. marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by an internal reinforcement (44). 10. Marking stone according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the screw holes (36) are arranged in the region of the cross-sectional center and extend at right angles to the fastening surface (20) and preferably have an extension in the vicinity of the top (26).

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