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EP0123242B1 - Echangeur de chaleur, chauffé par le gaz des fumées, pour fournaux à combustible sulfureux - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur, chauffé par le gaz des fumées, pour fournaux à combustible sulfureux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123242B1
EP0123242B1 EP84104261A EP84104261A EP0123242B1 EP 0123242 B1 EP0123242 B1 EP 0123242B1 EP 84104261 A EP84104261 A EP 84104261A EP 84104261 A EP84104261 A EP 84104261A EP 0123242 B1 EP0123242 B1 EP 0123242B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
flue gas
insert body
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84104261A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0123242A2 (fr
EP0123242A3 (en
Inventor
Alfons Jaumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84104261T priority Critical patent/ATE32259T1/de
Publication of EP0123242A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123242A2/fr
Publication of EP0123242A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123242A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123242B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123242B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flue gas-heated heat exchanger for furnaces with sulfur-containing fuels, with a housing through which the flue gas flows and which can be attached to a heating boiler flue gas outlet connection, in which passages for a medium which absorbs and dissipates the flue gas heat, for example water or air, are arranged, and with a device for filtering out sulfur compounds, especially sulfur dioxide, from the flue gas at relatively low temperatures.
  • a flue gas heated heat exchanger of the type mentioned above is known from US-A-4163430.
  • the flue gases laden with pollutants first hit the coils of the heat exchanger and are only filtered after they have left the heat exchanger.
  • the pollutants are filtered out in expensive activated carbon filters, which require a special device for regeneration that would be too expensive for a normal household.
  • the heat exchanger must also be made of high-quality, corrosion-resistant materials because its fittings are fully exposed to the pollutants contained in the flue gas and condensation water must be expected due to the lack of heat storage elements in the heating breaks.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it results in a compact device which can be produced with little effort and can be adapted to different furnaces and in which, in addition to binding sulfur compounds, a storage effect is also possible.
  • the device for filtering out the sulfur compounds has an exchangeable heat storage insert body, which is composed of several individual building blocks in the modular system, which consist of materials or have a coating on their surfaces exposed to the flue gas, which binds the sulfur compounds, and have the passage channels for the flue gas, the total cross section of which is larger than the diameter of the boiler flue gas outlet connection, and that the insert body in the housing below and in the flue gas passage direction in front of the passages formed in the housing for the medium which absorbs and dissipates the flue gas heat is arranged.
  • the device for filtering out the pollutants is not a separate downstream filter device, but is instead formed by the heat storage insert body which is interchangeably introduced into the housing.
  • heat storage insert bodies are e.g. known from US-A-2706109.
  • the heat storage insert body can be composed, for example, of hollow hole bricks known per se, which are made of clay or sand-lime brick or of porous building blocks such as gas concrete, pumice, expanded clay or limestone gravel, and which are capable of a surprisingly high proportion of those in the mineral acid vapors flowing out of the boiler and containing flue gas which slows down due to the larger passage cross section in the heat accumulator.
  • the individual building blocks of the heat storage insert body can thus consist of cheap materials which can be replaced without great expense and can therefore also corrode under the action of the bound pollutants.
  • a content of iron or iron compounds as catalysts in the heat storage insert body or its coating promotes oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide or sulfuric acid, both of which are easier to adsorb and neutralize with lime than sulfur dioxide.
  • the heat storage insert body of a heat exchanger designed according to the invention can be designed in various sizes by the choice of the number of its individual bodies both with regard to its heat storage and adsorption capacity and with regard to its flue gas passage cross section and can be accommodated in a suitably and sufficiently large unit housing.
  • the cost of materials is low. This fulfills an important requirement for the use of the heat exchanger in every building heating system.
  • the heat storage insert body is interchangeable so that it can be partially or completely replaced for maintenance or after saturation of its adsorption areas.
  • the insert body can be composed of mineral acid vapors and dust-absorbing building blocks which absorb emissions, into which both through-channels for the flue gas and through-channels for the heat-dissipating medium are molded; and here through-channels for the heat-dissipating medium of the individual components can be connected to one another by plug-in bridges.
  • the exhaust gas can temperature can be reduced by the heat exchanger more than usual, even below 100 ° C, and thus by using condensation heat, without the risk of sooting the chimney into which the flue gases are passed.
  • a heat exchanger designed according to the invention thus results in addition to the recovery of part of the flue gas heat in connection with heat storage, binding a large part of the pollutants contained in the flue gas, in particular sulfur compounds.
  • the calming of the flue gases which is achieved by increasing the passage cross-section and resulting in a longer interaction time of the flue gases in the heat storage insert body, allows a greater reduction in the exhaust gas temperature than usual and inevitably also a greater precipitation of dust, which forms additional adsorption or absorption material.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention can be produced in numerous shapes, for example rectangular or round in cross-section, adapted to the largely boiler-related space conditions in building heating systems.
  • the heat exchangers shown schematically in the drawing are merely selected individual examples, which can be attached to a boiler room wall or placed on a boiler, for example.
  • the heat exchanger 10 shown in Figure 1 has a rectangular, for example made of stainless steel housing 11 and is horizontally divided into several individual areas. In its lower area, a dust trap chamber 12 is formed, into which a flue gas connection stub 13 opens out at the side, which can be connected to the flue gas flue stub of a boiler, not shown.
  • the dust collection chamber 12 is accessible through a closable cleaning opening 14 and is delimited at the top by a support frame 15, on which a heat storage insert body 16 is constructed from individual hollow hole bricks 17 stacked next to one another and one above the other.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a set of mutually spaced to form flow gaps 18 'and also hollow holes 17 arranged in the gap, which have vertically aligned passage channels 18 in the insert body 16, through which the flue gas from the dust collection chamber 12 in the upper part of the housing 11 can flow.
  • There - separated by two layers of further heat storage bodies 19 - chambers 20 and 21 are formed, in which only schematically indicated coils 22 are arranged.
  • the coils 22 return water of a hot water central heating system, not shown, or process water for the removal of flue gas heat is passed through. From the upper chamber 21, the flue gas is conducted downward in a channel 23 that extends over the entire width of the housing 10 along a side wall to a flue gas outlet opening 24 of the housing 11.
  • the housing 11 is provided on the side wall having the connecting piece 13 in its central region with a large opening, which can be closed by a door (not shown), through which the hollow perforated brick 17 forming the heat storage insert body 16 can be exchanged.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b show a heat exchanger 30, which has a similar internal structure to the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1, but serves to heat room air which is pressed by means of a schematically indicated fan 31 through pipes or metal hoses 32, which are in the upper part of the housing 33 are arranged in two chambers 34 through which the flue gas flows.
  • the air outlet connection is designated in the drawing with the reference number 35.
  • the lower half of the housing 33 is provided in the same way as in the heat exchanger 10 with a heat storage insert body 16 'composed of individual hollow bricks or hollow stones, which is arranged on a support frame 15' above a dust collection chamber 12 '.
  • the flue gas spreads from the inlet opening 13 'through the hollow perforated bricks or hollow stones of the heat storage insert body 16' and through one onto the insert body 16 ' placed filter layer 36 made of coke into the heat exchanger chambers 34.
  • the flue gas is withdrawn from the uppermost heat exchanger chamber 34 via a flue duct 37 which extends over the entire width of a side wall to a flue gas outlet opening 38 formed in the lower region of the housing 33.
  • Fig. 2b shows the heat exchanger 30 with its housing 33, designed for a smaller boiler.
  • the flue gas total passage cross-section and the heat storage volume are practically halved by reducing the heat storage insert body 16 ".
  • the flue gas by a total of six columns of three hollow perforated bricks 17 'or hollow bricks has the heat storage - Insert body 16 "only three columns of hollow bricks 17 'or hollow stones.
  • the space 39 freed up by the removal of hollow perforated bricks is closed off by walls 39 ' , so that no flue gases can flow through here.
  • the hollow perforated bricks 17, 17 'used in the heat exchangers 10 and 30 are made of clay or sand-lime brick. Both materials have been shown to be able to adsorb a significant proportion of the sulfur compounds contained in the flue gas.
  • the heat storage insert body can of course also be made from other materials which cause a strong binding of SO x , but the materials mentioned above are the cheapest. It is extremely important to keep the price of such heat stores as low as possible in order to achieve the mass use of heat stores that is desirable to reduce pollution.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a heat exchanger 40, which in turn is intended for heating room air by means of the exhaust gas heat.
  • plate-shaped ceramic bodies 41 are arranged vertically at a distance parallel to one another.
  • the plate body can be composed of several individual stones.
  • channels 52 are formed in the ceramic body, through which the air to be heated is pressed by means of a blower 42.
  • the channels 52 are not shown in the ceramic bodies 41 of the figure for the sake of clarity, but dashed arrows 43 indicate the path that the air takes through the ceramic stones, alternately through lower connecting stones 44 or upper connecting stones 45, which are shown in detail in FIG Fig. 6 are shown, are interconnected.
  • the flue gas entering the heat exchanger through an inlet connection 46 reaches the spaces 47 between the individual ceramic bodies 41. These spaces are subdivided by sheets 48, all of which are anchored to an upper support plate 49. The plates 48 end at a distance from the lower connecting blocks 44.
  • the flue gas takes a path indicated by solid arrows through all the spaces 47 and leaves the heat exchanger 40 through an outlet connection 53.
  • the outlet opening for the air to be heated is designated by the reference number 54. Behind this outlet opening 54 there is an air compensation chamber 55 in the upper part of the heat exchanger 40, in which a fresh air admixture to the heated room air can take place.
  • the lower and upper connecting blocks 44 and 45 are provided with plug-in tube connections 56 according to FIG. 5. There are narrow connecting stones that each run between the openings of the channels 52 of two adjacent ceramic plates 51. There are gaps between the individual connecting blocks 44, 45 through which the flue gases can pass. At the bottom of the housing of the heat exchanger 40 there are soot and dust depositing chambers 57 which can be opened below the spaces 47 in a manner not shown. Also in the case of the heat exchanger 40 the housing is open at least on one side and can be closed by a door (not shown). The ceramic plates 41 can be replaced through this opening.
  • FIG. 4 shows a heat exchanger 50 which has a similar structure to the heat exchanger according to FIG. 3.
  • the ceramic plates 51 equipped with the air passage channels 52 are narrower than the ceramic plates 41 and are also strung together with narrower gaps 58.
  • the openings of the channels 52 of adjacent ceramic plates 51 are connected via individual plug-in heads 59 with plug-in tube bridges 60, between which the flue gas can change from one intermediate space 58 to the next intermediate space.
  • the plug heads 59 themselves are continuous strips which alternately prevent passage of the flue gases over the lower or the upper end of a ceramic plate 51.
  • the ceramic plates 41 and 51 are provided on both sides with a coating 61 made of a SO x- binding material, for example a calcareous mass. After saturating this coating with SO x , the ceramic plates 41, 51 can be removed and regenerated in an alkaline liquid. A new coating of the ceramic plates is also conceivable.
  • Fig. Shows a plan view of a block 65 for a heat storage insert body of the heat exchanger, in which both slot-shaped through channels 66 for the flue gas and round through channels 67 for air or water, that is, for the heat-dissipating medium, are formed.
  • the block 65 is formed, for example, from sand-lime brick, the walls of the round through-channels 67 being provided with an air and water impermeable cover layer.
  • the blocks 65 can be packed tightly against each other, and the The round through channels 67 of adjacent building blocks 65 can be connected by plug-in pipe bends 68 provided with seals, not shown, as shown in FIG. 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Echangeur thermique chauffé aux gaz de fumée et destiné à des installations de chauffage à combustibles sulfurés, comprenant une enceinte qui est parcourue par du gaz de fumée, qui peut être reliée à une tubulure d'évacuation de gaz de fumée d'une chaudière de chauffage et dans laquelle sont pratiqués des orifices destinés à un milieu recueillant et évacuant la chaleur des gaz de fumée, par exemple de l'eau ou de l'air, et comprenant un dispositif pour séparer par filtrage des combinaisons sulfureuses, en particulier de l'anhydride sulfureux, du gaz de fumée à des températures relativement basses, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif pour séparer par filtrage des combinaisons sulfureuses comporte un corps d'accumulation thermique interne (16, 16') interchangeable et disposé dans l'enceinte et qui est conçu sous la forme d'un système modulaire constitué de plusieurs éléments individuels (17, 17', 41, 51) qui sont réalisés dans des matériaux ou comportent, sur leur surface exposée au gaz de fumée, un revêtement, capables de fixer les combinaisons sulfureuses, et qui comportent des canaux de passage du gaz de fumée, dont la section transversale totale est supérieure au diamètre de la tubulure d'évacuation de gaz de fumée d'une chaudière de chauffage, et en ce que, dans l'enceinte, le corps interne est disposé sous les orifices ménagés dans l'enceinte et destinés au milieu recueillant et évacuant la chaleur des gaz de fumée et, dans le sens de passage des gaz de fumée, devant ces orifices.
2. Echangeur thermique conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'accumulation thermique interne est constitué de briques perforées (17,17' ) qui sont réalisées en argile ou en sable calcaire.
3. Echangeur thermique conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'accumulation thermique interne comprend des blocs de construction réalisés en béton-gaz et/ou en pierre ponce et/ou en argile expansée et/ou en agrégats calcaires.
4. Echangeur thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps interne est constitué de blocs de construction (65) qui sont capables d'adsorber des vapeurs minérales acides et des fractions d'émissions pulvérulentes et dans lesquels sont moulés des canaux de passage (66) pour le gaz de fumée et des canaux de passage (67) pour le milieu évacuant la chaleur.
5. Echangeur thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de passage du milieu évacuant la chaleur pratiqués dans les différents blocs de construction (17, 17', 41, 51, 65) peuvent être reliés les uns aux autres par des cavaliers de jonction (44, 45, 59/60, 68).
6. Echangeur thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au fond de son enceinte sont disposés des compartiments collecteurs de suie et de poussière (12, 12', 57).
7. Echangeur thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'accumulation thermique interne (16, 16') ou son revêtement contient du fer ou des combinaisons ferreuses en tant que catalyseurs.
EP84104261A 1983-04-23 1984-04-14 Echangeur de chaleur, chauffé par le gaz des fumées, pour fournaux à combustible sulfureux Expired EP0123242B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84104261T ATE32259T1 (de) 1983-04-23 1984-04-14 Rauchgasbeheizter waermetauscher fuer feuerungsanlagen mit schwefelhaltigen brennstoffen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833314757 DE3314757A1 (de) 1983-04-23 1983-04-23 Rauchgasbeheizter waermetauscher fuer feuerungsanlagen mit schwefelhaltigen brennstoffen
DE3314757 1983-04-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123242A2 EP0123242A2 (fr) 1984-10-31
EP0123242A3 EP0123242A3 (en) 1984-11-28
EP0123242B1 true EP0123242B1 (fr) 1988-01-27

Family

ID=6197171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84104261A Expired EP0123242B1 (fr) 1983-04-23 1984-04-14 Echangeur de chaleur, chauffé par le gaz des fumées, pour fournaux à combustible sulfureux

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4655802A (fr)
EP (1) EP0123242B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE32259T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3314757A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2202932B (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-05-15 Coppermill Limited Heat regenerators
WO1995002561A1 (fr) * 1993-07-16 1995-01-26 Rigro, Inc. Procede d'utilisation de beton leger permettant de produire un combinaison de ce materiau, et combinaison produite par ce procede
US6863711B2 (en) * 2002-12-06 2005-03-08 Hamilton Sundstrand Temperature swing humidity collector using powerplant waste heat
WO2006100072A1 (fr) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Echangeur thermique pour gaz d'echappement, notamment refroidisseur de gaz d'echappement pour le recyclage des gaz d'echappement dans les vehicules a moteur
US9683474B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2017-06-20 Dürr Systems Inc. Block channel geometries and arrangements of thermal oxidizers
CN113819483B (zh) * 2021-09-18 2022-11-01 华能曲阜热电有限公司 一种减缓积灰耐腐蚀的空预器

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DE217126C (fr) *
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US2905523A (en) * 1955-12-19 1959-09-22 Oxy Catalyst Inc Method for the elimination of finely divided carbonaceous material from gas streams
US3203472A (en) * 1963-11-22 1965-08-31 Brandt Herbert Heat exchangers
US3276186A (en) * 1964-07-22 1966-10-04 Calgon Corp Filter composition and method of removing hydrogen sulfide from water
US3589863A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-06-29 Dow Chemical Co Method of removing sulfur dioxide and particulate matter from gaseous streams
US3780498A (en) * 1972-03-31 1973-12-25 Universal Oil Prod Co Sulfur oxides removal system
US4003979A (en) * 1973-11-26 1977-01-18 Kanebo, Ltd. Method of cleaning air containing carbon monoxide
US4156625A (en) * 1976-08-27 1979-05-29 Wachendorfer Paul L Sr Method of making a monolithic refractory recuperator
US4163430A (en) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-07 Neumann Siegmar R Heat recovery and filter system and process for furnace exhaust gases
US4177158A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-12-04 Chevron Research Company Method for producing an attrition-resistant adsorbent for sulfur dioxide, the resulting composition and a process using same
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DE2943924A1 (de) * 1979-10-31 1981-05-14 Wilhelm 6902 Sandhausen Krämer Abgaswaermegewinnungsvorrichtung fuer heizungs- und brauchwasseranlagen
DE3010886A1 (de) * 1980-03-21 1981-10-15 Dümling GmbH, 6508 Alzey Vorrichtung zum ausbrennen der in einem heizkessel anfallenden abgase
DE3024144A1 (de) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-14 Helmut 7500 Karlsruhe Latzko Kaminbaustein
WO1982001348A1 (fr) * 1980-10-17 1982-04-29 Heribert Dewert Procede et dispositif de purification d'un air charge de substances nocives
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0123242A2 (fr) 1984-10-31
DE3314757A1 (de) 1984-10-25
US4655802A (en) 1987-04-07
DE3469057D1 (en) 1988-03-03
ATE32259T1 (de) 1988-02-15
EP0123242A3 (en) 1984-11-28

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