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EP0118739B1 - Pipe-bending arrangement - Google Patents

Pipe-bending arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118739B1
EP0118739B1 EP84101144A EP84101144A EP0118739B1 EP 0118739 B1 EP0118739 B1 EP 0118739B1 EP 84101144 A EP84101144 A EP 84101144A EP 84101144 A EP84101144 A EP 84101144A EP 0118739 B1 EP0118739 B1 EP 0118739B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
bending apparatus
working cylinders
template
tube bending
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84101144A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0118739A2 (en
EP0118739A3 (en
Inventor
Theo Molz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eckold AG
Original Assignee
ECKOLD W AG
Eckold AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ECKOLD W AG, Eckold AG filed Critical ECKOLD W AG
Priority to AT84101144T priority Critical patent/ATE26547T1/en
Publication of EP0118739A2 publication Critical patent/EP0118739A2/en
Publication of EP0118739A3 publication Critical patent/EP0118739A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0118739B1 publication Critical patent/EP0118739B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/022—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment over a stationary forming member only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pipe bending system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Certain tube bending operations have particular problems. This relates in particular to the case where tubes with a rectangular profile or C profile are present in large length dimensions, which are to be bent with great accuracy into predetermined shapes deviating from arcs. This is particularly the case when roof racks for buses, railroad cars, etc. are to be brought into a mirror-symmetrical, parabolic configuration in order to be welded to vertical supports.
  • a device in which the workpiece is passed together with a template through a hammer mill, in which numerous impacts are made on the tube, so that it is gradually cold forged into the desired shape.
  • This device requires great dexterity and is nevertheless prone to accidents because pipes of several meters in length can be freely handled in space. In addition, considerable noise is generated by the hammer mill.
  • a pipe bending system which has the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, is known from DE-C-77 950.
  • the tools are designed as pairs of rollers, which are arranged on a slide that can be moved along the carrier and guided on the template. Obviously, such a system can only be used for very easily deformable pipes and requires at least one further support with a further pair of rollers.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a low-noise pipe bending system for pipes with rectangular or C cross-section and U-cross-section, which can also be operated safely by inexperienced persons.
  • the tube is stationary during the bending process, which is preferably to be carried out by means of a hydraulic working cylinder and is therefore low in noise.
  • the adjustable template ensures that despite different material qualities, eg. B. due to tolerances of the tube wall thickness, changing elasticity modules, etc. the required accuracy can be maintained. Since the bending process begins in the middle of the pipe, where the greatest bending radii are generally present, and then continues towards the ends, the paths traveled at the free pipe ends are relatively small, so that the risk of accidents is also low.
  • the base plate 10 On a support (not shown), the base plate 10 is arranged horizontally at a height that it can be easily loaded with the pipes to be bent.
  • the auxiliary units, in particular the hydraulic pump (s), are accommodated below the base plate in the support; Above the base plate there is a template against which the workpiece is bent by means of forces acting essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
  • the template comprises a molded part 12 made of a material and in dimensions which are selected such that the molded part 12 is elastically deformable within relatively wide limits.
  • the molded part since the molded part has to withstand the very high forces occurring during the bending process, it is rigidly supported on its side facing away from the pipe 14 at relatively narrow intervals.
  • base parts 16 are inserted into a groove 18 countersunk in the upper side of the base plate and fixed by means of cylinder head screws 20.
  • threaded bolts extend through through holes 22 of the base parts and into threaded holes 24 of the molded part 12.
  • an adjusting nut 26 is seated on the threaded bolt.
  • the molded part is rigidly connected to the base in question at the point in question and thus to the base plate.
  • loosen one nut and tighten the other depending on whether the molded part should have a larger or a smaller curvature.
  • the basic shape of the molded part is already pre-bent so that it can be elastically deformed in both directions starting from this basic shape. According to this basic shape, the course of the groove 18, the shape of the base parts 16 and the direction of the through bores 22 are also defined therein.
  • the system has a support plate 46 which is penetrated by piston rods 48 of two hydraulic working cylinders 50 which, when fed with pressure oil, transmit tensile forces to the support plate 46 by means of the nuts 52. When the cylinders 50 are relieved, compression coil springs 54 lift the support plate 46 upwards.
  • the support plate On the side facing away from the tube, the support plate rests on the base parts 16 - an adaptation to pipes of different heights can be made by means of inserts (not shown) - and in a similar manner the support plate is also supported on the molded part 12, from where it is above the pipe to be bent protrudes.
  • a hydraulic working cylinder 56 which is received in a vertical support plate 58, serves as the bending tool.
  • This support plate 58 is screwed up and down to the arms 60 and 62, respectively, of a lever arrangement which can be pivoted about a bearing 64 of the base plate 10.
  • a guide piece 63 extends upward from the lower arm 62 and is supported with a transverse arm in a groove 65 of the base plate.
  • the arms 60, 62 can be pivoted counterclockwise by about 90 ° by means of a hydraulic working cylinder 66 from the starting position shown in FIG. 1; for the other tube end, which is to be bent mirror-symmetrically, the pivoting is of course carried out in the opposite sense.
  • the stroke of the piston 68 assigned to the working cylinder 56 is again transmitted by means of a ball joint 70 to a block 72 to which two pressure shoes 74, 76 are articulated. Since the support plate 58 moves along an arc, but the tube is to be bent approximately in the form of a parabola, the stroke of the working cylinder 56 must be dimensioned to be large enough to bridge the differences.
  • the various working cylinders can be supplied from a single pressure medium source or, depending on the power requirement, from correspondingly differently designed pumps.
  • the supply takes place via control valves, which can be manually operated in simple systems, but can also be connected to a sequential control system. So that not too much pump power has to be installed, the feed to the working cylinders 34 and 56 takes place sequentially.
  • the procedure is preferably such that, after a workpiece has been inserted, the working cylinders 34 closest to the plane of symmetry of the system are first extended, as a result of which the workpiece is clamped. The next outer cylinders 34 are then actuated and the bend with the large bending radii takes place. The above-mentioned bending mandrel is then introduced from the free pipe ends, after which the working cylinders 56 and 50 are simultaneously fed, and the cylinder 66 is actuated alternately with the latter.
  • the workpiece is deformed with ever smaller bending radii, the angular steps being specifiable by adjusting the stroke of cylinder 66, namely preferably always smaller with smaller bending radii.
  • the first workpieces of each batch are checked after finishing bending by means of a jig (not shown) and, if necessary, the molded part, as explained above, is adjusted to match the properties of the workpieces concerned.
  • the base plate can be divided in the middle and the two parts, together with the aggregates assigned to them, can be moved apart, the gap remaining in the middle being bridged by an insert plate.
  • the template is then also replaced or supplemented by an insert which can be used. In this way, the system can be adapted to pipes of different overall lengths.
  • the support plate 46 can be designed and arranged in this way. that it not only moves upwards when the tube is released, but also to the side of the center of curvature, which facilitates the removal of the tube after bending.
  • pressure shoe 40 is not screwed to the support band 42, but rather is slidably connected in the direction of the pipe extension, lateral displacement of individual pressure shoes is made possible when setting up the system, which is necessary or expedient in certain cases can be. This applies in particular when a two-part base plate is used, as mentioned above.
  • the swiveling arrangement of the hydraulic working cylinders 56 can only take place via a lower lever arm, as a result of which the system in the area of the pipe receptacle is open at the top, which facilitates handling of the pipes.
  • the swivel drive of this assembly can also be constructed differently, for example in the form of a rack and pinion drive acting on a toothed segment with hydraulic actuation.
  • this assembly is equipped with not only one hydraulic cylinder, but two hydraulic cylinders acting on the tube together, the two pressure shoes should be bridged by a support band, similar to the area of large bending radii.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus for bending tubular workpieces whereby a tube length is placed in front of a template and selectively driven deforming shoes urge the tube into engagement with the same. Where the desired tubular radii of curvature are relatively large the deforming shoes are driven from a stationary mount. Where shorter tubular radii are desired, generally near the tube ends, the deforming shoes are arranged such that they are incrementally translated along a path commensurable with the contour of the template. At each successive increment the deforming shoes perform a bending operation upon the tube such that it may be successively formed into its desired shape.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rohrbiegeanlage gemäß-Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a pipe bending system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bestimmte Biegearbeitsgänge an Rohren weisen besondere Probleme auf. Dies bezieht sich insbesondere auf den Fall, daß Rohre mit Rechteckprofil oder C-Profil in großen Längenabmessungen vorliegen, die mit großer Genauigkeit in vorgegebene, von Kreisbögen abweichende Formen gebogen werden sollen. Dieser Fall liegt insbesondere vor, wenn Dachträger für Autobusse, Eisenbahnwaggons usw. in spiegelsymmetrisch-parabolische Konfiguration zu bringen sind, um dann mit senkrechten Trägern verschweißt zu werden.Certain tube bending operations have particular problems. This relates in particular to the case where tubes with a rectangular profile or C profile are present in large length dimensions, which are to be bent with great accuracy into predetermined shapes deviating from arcs. This is particularly the case when roof racks for buses, railroad cars, etc. are to be brought into a mirror-symmetrical, parabolic configuration in order to be welded to vertical supports.

Für solche und ähnliche Fälle ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der das Werkstück zusammen mit einer Schablone durch ein Hammerwerk geführt wird, in welchem zahlreiche Schläge auf das Rohr ausgeführt werden, so daß dieses allmählich in die gewünschte Form kaltgeschmiedet wird.For such and similar cases, a device is known in which the workpiece is passed together with a template through a hammer mill, in which numerous impacts are made on the tube, so that it is gradually cold forged into the desired shape.

Diese Vorrichtung erfordert große Geschicklichkeit und ist gleichwohl unfallträchtig, weil Rohre in mehreren Metern Länge frei in Raum zu handhaben sind. Darüberhinaus wird durch das Hammerwerk erheblicher Lärm erzeugt.This device requires great dexterity and is nevertheless prone to accidents because pipes of several meters in length can be freely handled in space. In addition, considerable noise is generated by the hammer mill.

Eine Rohrbiegeanlage, die die im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale aufweist, ist aus der DE-C-77 950 bekannt. Bei ihr sind die Werkzeuge als Rollenpaare ausgebildet, die an einem längs des Trägers verfahrbaren und an der Schablone geführten Schlitten angeordnet sind. Ersichtlich ist eine solche Anlage nur für sehr leicht verformbare Rohre einsetzbar und erfordert mindestens einen weiteren Träger mit einem weiteren Rollenpaar.A pipe bending system, which has the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, is known from DE-C-77 950. In it, the tools are designed as pairs of rollers, which are arranged on a slide that can be moved along the carrier and guided on the template. Obviously, such a system can only be used for very easily deformable pipes and requires at least one further support with a further pair of rollers.

Ferner ist aus der US-A-2406182 eine mobile Rohrbiegeanlage bekannt, bei der ein an den Enden abgestütztes Rohr mittels zwischen den Abstützungen angreifender Druckkörper, die über Spindeln angetrieben werden, verformt wird. Diese bekannte Anlage ist ausdrucklich für dünnwandige Rohre bestimmt.Furthermore, from US-A-2406182 a mobile pipe bending system is known, in which a pipe supported at the ends is deformed by means of pressure bodies acting between the supports, which are driven by spindles. This known system is expressly intended for thin-walled pipes.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine auch vorr ungeübten Personen sicher bedienbare, lärmarme Rohrbiegeanlage für Rohre mit Rechteck- oder C-Querschnitt sowie U-Querschnitt zu schaffen.The object of the present invention is to create a low-noise pipe bending system for pipes with rectangular or C cross-section and U-cross-section, which can also be operated safely by inexperienced persons.

Diese Lösung gemäß der Erfindung ergibt sich aus dem Patentanspruch 1, während die Unteransprüche zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen dieser Anlage definieren.This solution according to the invention results from claim 1, while the subclaims define expedient refinements of this system.

Demgemäß ist das Rohr während des - vorzugsweise mittels hydraulischer Arbeitszylinder auszuführenden und damit lärmarmen - Biegevorgangs stationär. Durch die einstellbare Schablone ist gewährleistet, daß trotz unterschiedlicher Materialqualitäten, z. B. wegen Toleranzen der Rohrwandstärke, wechselnder Elastizitätsmodule usw. die verlangte Genauigkeit eingehalten werden kann. Indem der Biegevorgang in der Rohrmitte beginnt, wo in aller Regel die größten Biegeradien vorliegen, und dann nach den Enden zu fortgesetzt wird, sind die jeweils an den freien Rohrenden durchlaufenen Wege relativ klein, so daß auch die Unfallgefahr gering ist.Accordingly, the tube is stationary during the bending process, which is preferably to be carried out by means of a hydraulic working cylinder and is therefore low in noise. The adjustable template ensures that despite different material qualities, eg. B. due to tolerances of the tube wall thickness, changing elasticity modules, etc. the required accuracy can be maintained. Since the bending process begins in the middle of the pipe, where the greatest bending radii are generally present, and then continues towards the ends, the paths traveled at the free pipe ends are relatively small, so that the risk of accidents is also low.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen im einzelnen erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the object of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  • Figur 1 stellt in Halbdraufsicht eine spiegelsymmetrisch aufgebaute Biegeanlage dar,FIG. 1 is a half-plan view of a bending system with mirror symmetry,
  • Figur 2 zeigt eine Teilschnittdarstellung nach Linie A-A der Fig. 1, undFigure 2 shows a partial sectional view along line A-A of Fig. 1, and
  • Figur 3 zeigt einen Teilschnitt nach Linie B-B der Fig. 1FIG. 3 shows a partial section along line B-B of FIG. 1

Auf einem Support (nicht dargestellt) ist die Grundplatte 10 in einer Höhe horizontal angeordnet, daß sie bequem mit den zu biegenden Rohren beschickt werden kann. Unterhalb der Grundplatte sind in dem Support die Hilfsaggregate, insbesondere die Hydraulikpumpe (n), untergebracht ; oberhalb der Grundplatte befindet sich eine Schablone, gegen die das Werkstück mittels im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Rohrlängsachse wirkender Kräfte gebogen wird.On a support (not shown), the base plate 10 is arranged horizontally at a height that it can be easily loaded with the pipes to be bent. The auxiliary units, in particular the hydraulic pump (s), are accommodated below the base plate in the support; Above the base plate there is a template against which the workpiece is bent by means of forces acting essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube.

Die Schablone umfaßt ein Formteil 12 aus einem Material und in Abmessungen, die derart gewählt sind, daß das Formteil 12 in relativ weiten Grenzen elastisch deformierbar ist. Da-andererseits das Formteil den sehr hohen beim Biegevorgang auftretenden Kräften standhalten muß, ist es auf seiner dem Rohr 14 abgewandten Seite in relativ engen Intervallen starr abgestützt. Zu diesem Zweck sind Sockelteile 16 in eine, in die Oberseite der Grundplatte eingesenkte Nut 18 eingesetzt und mittels Zylinderkopfschrauben 20 festgelegt. Parallel zu der Oberfläche der Grundplatte 10 erstrecken sich Gewindebolzen durch Durchgangslöcher 22 der Sockelteile und in Gewindelöcher 24 des Formteils 12. Beidseits der Mündungen der Durchgangslöcher 22 sitzt je eine Stellmutter 26 auf den Gewindebolzen. Solange beide Muttern fest gegen das betreffende Sockelteil geschraubt sind, ist das Formteil an der betreffenden Stelle starr mit diesem und damit auch mit der Grundplatte verbunden. Zum Korrigieren der Form des Formteils löst man die eine Mutter und zieht die andere stärker an, je nachdem, ob das Formteil eine größere oder eine kleinere Krümmung erhalten soll. Es versteht sich, daß die Grundform des Formteils bereits vorgebogen ist, so daß es ausgehend von dieser Grundform nach beiden Richtungen elastisch deformiert werden kann. Entsprechend dieser Grundform sind auch der Verlauf der Nut 18, die Form der Sockelteile 16 und die Richtung der Durchgangsbohrungen 22 in diesen festgelegt.The template comprises a molded part 12 made of a material and in dimensions which are selected such that the molded part 12 is elastically deformable within relatively wide limits. On the other hand, since the molded part has to withstand the very high forces occurring during the bending process, it is rigidly supported on its side facing away from the pipe 14 at relatively narrow intervals. For this purpose, base parts 16 are inserted into a groove 18 countersunk in the upper side of the base plate and fixed by means of cylinder head screws 20. Parallel to the surface of the base plate 10, threaded bolts extend through through holes 22 of the base parts and into threaded holes 24 of the molded part 12. On each side of the mouths of the through holes 22, an adjusting nut 26 is seated on the threaded bolt. As long as both nuts are screwed firmly against the base part in question, the molded part is rigidly connected to the base in question at the point in question and thus to the base plate. To correct the shape of the molded part, loosen one nut and tighten the other, depending on whether the molded part should have a larger or a smaller curvature. It is understood that the basic shape of the molded part is already pre-bent so that it can be elastically deformed in both directions starting from this basic shape. According to this basic shape, the course of the groove 18, the shape of the base parts 16 and the direction of the through bores 22 are also defined therein.

Auf der der Schablone abgewandten Seite des zu biegenden Rohres greifen an diesem die Biegewerkzeuge an ; sie deformieren das Rohr über die Elastizitätsgrenze hinaus in Richtung auf die Schablone, wobei dafür Sorge zu tragen ist, daß das Rohr nicht ausknicken oder in anderer Weise in ungewünschter Art deformiert werden kann. Im Bereich großer Biegeradien - links in Fig. 1

  • - sind in Bohrungen 28 der Grundplatte Drehzapfen 30 von Lagerböcken 32 gelagert, in denen je ein Hydraulik-Arbeitszylinder 34 aufgenommen ist. Die Kolbenstange 36 ist jeweils mittels Kugelgelenk 38 mit einem Druckschuh 40 verbunden, der an jeweils einem Ende mit einem Stützband 42 aus elastisch deformierbarem Material verschraubt ist. Die Rückstellung der Schuhe 40 in die Ausgangsposition - In Fig. 1 gezeichnet
  • - erfolgt mittels der Schraubenzugfedern 44. Das Stützband, vorzugsweise aus Federstahl, verhindert ein Ausweichen des Rohres zwischen benachbarten Schuhen. Fig. 2 läßt den Aufbau im einzelnen erkennen.
On the side of the pipe to be bent facing away from the template, the bending tools act on it; they deform the tube beyond the elastic limit in the direction of the template, taking care that the tube does not buckle or can be deformed in any other way in an undesired manner. In the area of large bending radii - on the left in Fig. 1
  • - Are pivoted in bores 28 of the base plate pivot 30 of bearing blocks 32, in each of which a hydraulic working cylinder 34 is received. The piston rod 36 is each connected by means of a ball joint 38 to a pressure shoe 40 which is screwed at one end to a support band 42 made of an elastically deformable material. The return of the shoes 40 to the starting position - drawn in Fig. 1
  • - Is carried out by means of the coil springs 44. The support band, preferably made of spring steel, prevents the tube from escaping between adjacent shoes. Fig. 2 shows the structure in detail.

Im Bereich kleinerer Biegeradien (rechts in Fig. 1) ist es erforderlich, das Rohr zumindest von oben abzustützen, wobei auch eine innere Abstützung des Rohres erforderlich sein kann. Hierzu bedient man sich zweckmäßigerweise eines Gliederkerns, wie er in der DE-C-3 000 170 beschrieben und dargestellt ist. Für die Abstützung in Vertikalrichtung weist die Anlage eine Stützplatte 46 auf, die von Kolbenstangen 48 zweier Hydraulik-Arbeitszylinder 50 durchsetzt sind, welche bei Anspeisung mit Drucköl Zugkräfte mittels der Muttern 52 auf die Stützplatte 46 übertragen. Bei Entlastung der Zylinder 50 heben Druckschraubenfedern 54 die Stützplatte 46 nach oben. Auf der dem Rohr abgewandten Seite liegt die Stützplatte auf den Sockelteilen 16 auf - wobei durch Beilagen (nicht dargestellt) eine Anpassung an unterschiedlich hohe Rohre vorgenommen werden kann - und in ähnlicher Weise ist die Stützplatte auch auf dem Formteil 12 abgestüzt, von wo sie über das zu biegende Rohr auskragt.In the area of smaller bending radii (on the right in FIG. 1) it is necessary to support the tube at least from above, and an internal support of the tube may also be required. For this purpose, it is expedient to use a sectional core as described and shown in DE-C-3 000 170. For support in the vertical direction, the system has a support plate 46 which is penetrated by piston rods 48 of two hydraulic working cylinders 50 which, when fed with pressure oil, transmit tensile forces to the support plate 46 by means of the nuts 52. When the cylinders 50 are relieved, compression coil springs 54 lift the support plate 46 upwards. On the side facing away from the tube, the support plate rests on the base parts 16 - an adaptation to pipes of different heights can be made by means of inserts (not shown) - and in a similar manner the support plate is also supported on the molded part 12, from where it is above the pipe to be bent protrudes.

Als Biegewerkzeug dient ein Hydraulik-Arbeitszylinder 56, der in einer vertikalen Supportplatte 58 aufgenommen ist. Diese Supportplatte 58 ist oben und unten mit den Armen 60 bzw. 62 einer Hebelanordnung verschraubt, welche um ein Lager 64 der Grundplatte 10 schwenkbar ist. Vom unteren Arm 62 erstreckt sich noch ein Führungsstück 63 nach oben, das mit einem Querarm in einer Nut 65 der Grundplatte abgestützt ist. Die Arme 60, 62 sind mittels eines Hydraulik-Arbeitszylinders 66 aus der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausgangslage im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um etwa 90° schwenkbar ; für das andere Rohrende, das spiegelsymmetrisch zu biegen ist, erfolgt die Schwenkung natürlich im entgegengesetzten Sinne.A hydraulic working cylinder 56, which is received in a vertical support plate 58, serves as the bending tool. This support plate 58 is screwed up and down to the arms 60 and 62, respectively, of a lever arrangement which can be pivoted about a bearing 64 of the base plate 10. A guide piece 63 extends upward from the lower arm 62 and is supported with a transverse arm in a groove 65 of the base plate. The arms 60, 62 can be pivoted counterclockwise by about 90 ° by means of a hydraulic working cylinder 66 from the starting position shown in FIG. 1; for the other tube end, which is to be bent mirror-symmetrically, the pivoting is of course carried out in the opposite sense.

Der Hub des dem Arbeitszylinder 56 zugeordneten Kolbens 68 wird wieder mittels Kugelgelenk 70 auf einen Block 72 übertragen, an den zwei Druckschuhe 74, 76 angelenkt sind. Da sich die Supportplatte 58 längs eines Kreisbogens bewegt, das Rohr aber etwa in Form einer Parabel gebogen werden soll, muß der Hub des Arbeitszylinders 56 entsprechend 50 groß bemessen werden, daß er die Differenzen überbrückt.The stroke of the piston 68 assigned to the working cylinder 56 is again transmitted by means of a ball joint 70 to a block 72 to which two pressure shoes 74, 76 are articulated. Since the support plate 58 moves along an arc, but the tube is to be bent approximately in the form of a parabola, the stroke of the working cylinder 56 must be dimensioned to be large enough to bridge the differences.

Auf der anderen, in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Seite der Biegeanlage ist diese spiegelsymmetrisch zu der gezeichneten Anordnung ausgebildet.On the other side of the bending system, which is not shown in FIG. 1, it is mirror-symmetrical to the arrangement shown.

Die verschiedenen Arbeitszylinder können aus einer einzigen Druckmediumquelle gespeist werden oder auch, je nach Leistungsbedarf, von entsprechend unterschiedlich ausgelegten Pumpen. Die Speisung erfolgt über Steuerventile, die bei einfachen Anlagen handbetätigbar sein können, aber auch an eine Folgesteuerung angeschlossen sein können. Damit nicht zu viel Pumpenleistung installiert werden muß, erfolgt die Anspeisung bei Arbeitszylinder 34 und 56 jedenfalls sequentiell.The various working cylinders can be supplied from a single pressure medium source or, depending on the power requirement, from correspondingly differently designed pumps. The supply takes place via control valves, which can be manually operated in simple systems, but can also be connected to a sequential control system. So that not too much pump power has to be installed, the feed to the working cylinders 34 and 56 takes place sequentially.

Dabei geht man vorzugsweise so vor, daß nach Einlegen eines Werkstücks zunächst die der Symmetrieebene der Anlage nächstliegenden Arbeitszylinder 34 ausgefahren werden, womit das Werkstück festgeklemmt wird. Danach werden die nächstäußeren Zylinder 34 angesteuert, und die Biegung mit den großen Biegeradien erfolgt. Es wird dann der oben erwähnte Biegedorn von den freien Rohrenden her eingeführt, danach werden gleichzeitig die Arbeitszylinder 56 und 50 angespeist, und alternierend mit den letzteren wird der Zylinder 66 angesteuert. So wird das Werkstück mit immer Kleineren Biegeradien verformt, wobei die Winkelschritte durch Einstellung des Hubes von Zylinder 66 vorgebbar sind, nämlich vorzugsweise immer kleiner mit kleiner werdenden Biegeradien.In this case, the procedure is preferably such that, after a workpiece has been inserted, the working cylinders 34 closest to the plane of symmetry of the system are first extended, as a result of which the workpiece is clamped. The next outer cylinders 34 are then actuated and the bend with the large bending radii takes place. The above-mentioned bending mandrel is then introduced from the free pipe ends, after which the working cylinders 56 and 50 are simultaneously fed, and the cylinder 66 is actuated alternately with the latter. Thus, the workpiece is deformed with ever smaller bending radii, the angular steps being specifiable by adjusting the stroke of cylinder 66, namely preferably always smaller with smaller bending radii.

Nach Erreichen der Endstellung - gestrichelt in Fig. 1 angedeutet - werden alle Druckschuhe zurückgezogen, und das gebogene Rohr kann unter der dann gelüfteten Stützplatte 46 herausgezogen werden.After reaching the end position - indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 1 - all pressure shoes are withdrawn, and the bent tube can be pulled out under the then released support plate 46.

Die ersten Werkstücke jeder Charge werden nach Fertigbiegen mittels einer Lehre (nicht gezeigt) überprüft, und gegebenenfalls wird das Formteil, wie oben erläutert, in Anpassung an die Eigenschaften der betreffenden Werkstücke nachgestellt.The first workpieces of each batch are checked after finishing bending by means of a jig (not shown) and, if necessary, the molded part, as explained above, is adjusted to match the properties of the workpieces concerned.

Verschiedene Abwandlungen können an der beschriebenen Anlage vorgenommen werden, um deren Einsatzbereich zu erweitern oder andere Verbesserungen zu erzielen.Various modifications can be made to the described system in order to expand its area of application or to achieve other improvements.

So kann die Grundplatte mittig geteilt und die beiden Teile können, samt den ihnen zugeordneten Aggregaten, voneinander abgerückt werden, wobei der in der Mitte verbleibende Spalt durch eine Einlageplatte überbrückt wird. Es versteht sich, daß dann auch die Schablone ausgetauscht oder durch ein einsetzbares Zwischenstück ergänzt wird. Auf diese Weise ist die Anlage an Rohre unterschiedlicher Gesamtlänge anpaßbar.In this way, the base plate can be divided in the middle and the two parts, together with the aggregates assigned to them, can be moved apart, the gap remaining in the middle being bridged by an insert plate. It goes without saying that the template is then also replaced or supplemented by an insert which can be used. In this way, the system can be adapted to pipes of different overall lengths.

Ferner kann die Stützplatte 46 so ausgebildet und angeordnet werden. daß sie sich bei der Freigabe des Rohres nicht nur nach oben, sondern auch zur Seite des Krümmungsmittelpunktes wegbewegt, was die Entnahme des Rohres nach dem Biegen erleichtert.Furthermore, the support plate 46 can be designed and arranged in this way. that it not only moves upwards when the tube is released, but also to the side of the center of curvature, which facilitates the removal of the tube after bending.

Wenn der Druckschuh 40 mit dem Stützband 42 nicht verschraubt, sondern in Richtung der Rohrerstreckung gleitbeweglich verbunden ist, wird eine seitliche Versetzung einzelner Druckschuhe beim Rüsten der Anlage ermöglicht, was in bestimmten Fällen notwendig oder zweckmäßig sein kann. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn eine zweiteilige Grundplatte verwendet wird, wie oben erwähnt.If the pressure shoe 40 is not screwed to the support band 42, but rather is slidably connected in the direction of the pipe extension, lateral displacement of individual pressure shoes is made possible when setting up the system, which is necessary or expedient in certain cases can be. This applies in particular when a two-part base plate is used, as mentioned above.

Schließlich kann auch die schwenkbewegliche Anordnung der Hydraulik-Arbeitszylinder 56 nur über einen unteren Hebelarm erfolgen, wodurch die Anlage im Bereich der Rohraufnahme nach oben offen ist, was die Handhabung der Rohre erleichtert. Allerdings müssen dann die erheblichen Biegemomente in konstruktiv anderer Weise abgefangen werden, um die Deformationen der Arbeitszylinder, die sonst zu einem vorschnellen Verschleiß führen würden, zu vermeiden. Auch der Schwenkantrieb dieser Baugruppe kann anders aufgebaut sein, etwa in From eines auf ein Zahnsegment wirkenden Zahnstangentriebes mit hydraulischer Betätigung. Wenn schließlich diese Baugruppe nicht nur mit einem, sondern mit zwei gemeinsam auf das Rohr einwirkenden Hydraulikzylindern bestückt wird, sollten die beiden Druckschuhe ähnlich wie im Bereich großer Biegeradien durch ein Stützband überbrückt werden.Finally, the swiveling arrangement of the hydraulic working cylinders 56 can only take place via a lower lever arm, as a result of which the system in the area of the pipe receptacle is open at the top, which facilitates handling of the pipes. However, the considerable bending moments must then be absorbed in a different way in order to avoid the deformations of the working cylinders, which would otherwise lead to premature wear. The swivel drive of this assembly can also be constructed differently, for example in the form of a rack and pinion drive acting on a toothed segment with hydraulic actuation. Finally, if this assembly is equipped with not only one hydraulic cylinder, but two hydraulic cylinders acting on the tube together, the two pressure shoes should be bridged by a support band, similar to the area of large bending radii.

Claims (16)

1. Tube bending apparatus having a horizontally-arranged base plate (10) on which there is secured a template (12), and having bending tools (56, 68-76) which are arranged on a carrier member (58, 60, 62) which is pivotable about a shaft (64) perpendicular to the plane of the base plate, characterised in that'the tube (14), to be bent in a plane, is arranged so that it lies on the base plate (10) in front of the template (12), working cylinders (34, 56) which act horizontally and are equipped with the bending tools (72, 74, 76) are provided on the side of the tube that is remote from the template, some of which working cylinders (working cylinders 56) are supported on the pivotable carrier member (58, 60, 62), the bending tools are constructed and arranged to mould the tube to the template when pressure medium is admitted to the working cylinders, and a control device is provided for alternately pivoting the carrier member and admitting pressure medium to the working cylinders.
2. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the template (12) is adjustable.
3. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the template comprises a band-like, resiliently deformable shaped part (12) and also adjusting members (21, 26) which can be fixed to a base arrangement (16).
4. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the adjusting members (21, 26) have adjusting threads.
5. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the base arrangement (16) is supported in a groove (18) in the base plate (10).
6. Tube bending apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that stationary working cylinders (34) are provided.
7. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the stationary working cylinders (34) are provided in the region of relatively large bending radii and comprise pressure shoes (40) which are connected to the pressure shoes of adjacent stationary working cylinders by means of a resiliently deformable band (42) which extends along the tube.
8. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterised in that there is provided at least one working cylinder (56) that can be moved along the tube.
9. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that each of the movable working cylinders (56) is arranged on a swing arm (60 + 62).
10. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the swing arm (60 + 62) can be pivoted in a horizontal plane about a bearing (64) which is located on the opposite side of the template (12) to the working cylinder (56).
11. Tube bending apparatus according to claims 1 to 10, characterised by stops (46) which are provided above the tube (14) for preventing the tube from bowing out as it is bent.
12. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 10 and/or 11, characterised in that working cylinders (66, 50) are provided for operating the swing arm (60 + 62) and/or the stops (46).
13. Tube bending apparatus according to claims 10 and 12, characterised in that the swing arm (60 + 62) can be pivoted through adjustable angular steps.
14. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 13, characterised in that smaller angular steps are associated with smaller bending radii.
15. Tube bending apparatus according to claim 12, characterised in that pressure is admitted alternately to the working cylinders (66, 50) that operate the swing arm (60 + 62) and the stops (46), and the working cylinders (34, 56) that mould the tube to the template.
16. Tube bending apparatus according to claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the working cylinders (34, 56) are able to be actuated in sequence.
EP84101144A 1983-03-02 1984-02-04 Pipe-bending arrangement Expired EP0118739B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101144T ATE26547T1 (en) 1983-03-02 1984-02-04 PIPE BENDING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3307283 1983-03-02
DE19833307283 DE3307283A1 (en) 1983-03-02 1983-03-02 PIPE BENDING SYSTEM

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118739A2 EP0118739A2 (en) 1984-09-19
EP0118739A3 EP0118739A3 (en) 1984-12-19
EP0118739B1 true EP0118739B1 (en) 1987-04-15

Family

ID=6192247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101144A Expired EP0118739B1 (en) 1983-03-02 1984-02-04 Pipe-bending arrangement

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4712406A (en)
EP (1) EP0118739B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59193719A (en)
AT (1) ATE26547T1 (en)
CS (1) CS250239B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3307283A1 (en)
ES (1) ES530615A0 (en)
SU (1) SU1373301A3 (en)

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JPS6296127A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-05-02 Mazda Motor Corp Ground clearance adjuster for automobile
JPH0158304U (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-04-12
DE3915855A1 (en) * 1989-05-16 1990-11-22 Walter E Spaeth UNIVERSAL BENDING TOOL
US5131254A (en) * 1991-01-29 1992-07-21 Whitefab, Inc Apparatus for bending beams
GB2275219B (en) * 1993-02-20 1995-06-07 Btr Plc Bending of elongate material
DE102008003067B4 (en) 2008-01-03 2013-05-29 Edag Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Method and bending tool for bending a workpiece
CN102581085B (en) * 2012-02-28 2014-05-14 江苏奔宇车身制造有限公司 Integrated bending forming device for abnormally-shaped tube

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DE77950C (en) * F- A. PlAT, Paris, 10 rue St. Martin Machine for bending metal rods, tubes, profile iron and the like
US736835A (en) * 1902-08-16 1903-08-18 Pressed Steel Car Co Bending-machine.
US1349219A (en) * 1919-10-02 1920-08-10 George R Moore Pipe-bender
US2044322A (en) * 1934-06-16 1936-06-16 Murray Corp Method and means for bending tubing
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US2190423A (en) * 1937-12-06 1940-02-13 Motor Products Corp Windshield frame bending machine
US2305850A (en) * 1940-05-27 1942-12-22 Briggs Mfg Co Bending machine
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US2406182A (en) * 1943-09-11 1946-08-20 Charles S Foreman Bending apparatus
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US2557346A (en) * 1948-06-12 1951-06-19 Lee B Green Multiple-bend metal-bending machine
US2850071A (en) * 1954-10-18 1958-09-02 Daniel W Kraybill Method and apparatus for stretchforming metal and controlling direction of pull
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DE3000170C2 (en) * 1980-01-04 1984-09-06 W. Eckold AG, Trimmis A mandrel for a pipe to be bent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3307283A1 (en) 1984-09-06
ES8501262A1 (en) 1984-11-16
SU1373301A3 (en) 1988-02-07
EP0118739A2 (en) 1984-09-19
JPS59193719A (en) 1984-11-02
EP0118739A3 (en) 1984-12-19
ES530615A0 (en) 1984-11-16
DE3463121D1 (en) 1987-05-21
ATE26547T1 (en) 1987-05-15
JPS6110212B2 (en) 1986-03-28
CS250239B2 (en) 1987-04-16
US4712406A (en) 1987-12-15

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