EP0107180B1 - Fire-proof joint for two adjacently arranged wall elements, and method of producing the joint - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Fireproof joint between two wall elements (1, 1') which are arranged adjacently to one another and each of which has two outer slabs (2, 2'; 5, 5') of concrete and, between them, a heat insulation layer (3, 3') and a vapour barrier (4, 4'), at least one slab (2, 2') being in the form of a supporting slab and fireproof material being arranged in the area of the cross joint (10) between two slabs (5, 5'), characterised in that the slabs (5, 5'; 5a, 5a'; 5b, 5b'; 5c, 5c') which are arranged on one side are provided with an undercut (7, 7'; 7a, 7a'; 7b, 7b'; 7c, 7c') on their inner sides (12, 12'; 12a, 12a'; 12b, 12b'; 12c, 12c') in the area of the cross joint (10, 10a, 10b, 10c), and that in the undercuts (7, 7'; 7a, 7a'; 7b, 7b'; 7c, 7c') a fireproof board (11, 11a, 11b, 11c) which fills in the said undercuts and bridges over the cross joint (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) is fixed.

Description

The invention relates to a connection according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its production according to the preamble of claim 5.

Wall elements of the generic type constructed in sandwich construction are used, among other things, for the construction of cold stores and deep-freeze stores, slaughterhouses, fruit and vegetable cold stores and so-called CA warehouses, i.e. H. Controlled atmosphere warehouses. In addition to good thermal insulation properties, such houses must be fire-resistant. While the fire resistance of the wall elements in the area of their main surfaces is quite good, since the load-bearing inner plate and the facade plate are each made of steel-concrete, it is difficult to make a fire-resistant connection between adjacent wall elements. So far - as far as the butt joint between the facade panels is concerned - one has managed to close this butt joint with fire-resistant material such as asbestos or a concrete bar placed from the outside after connecting the wall elements. These measures are unsatisfactory.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a connection of the generic type which is simple to manufacture and is absolutely fire-resistant. In addition, a method for producing the compound is to be specified.

The object underlying the invention is achieved in the generic connection by the characterizing features of claim 1. The fire insulation board is located inside the wall elements and closes one of the boards completely by fire protection by bridging the butt joint in the area of their inner sides. The space between the thermal insulation layers of adjacent wall elements is completely available for filling with thermal insulation material, so that the thermal insulation properties in the area of the joint are not impaired. Finally, there is a clean and smooth underlay for the connection of the usual foil-shaped vapor barriers.

When the measures according to the invention are used for external wall elements, the measures according to the invention are preferably applied to the inside of the facade panels; but they can also be used on the corresponding inside of the supporting inner plate. If the wall elements are designed as interior wall elements, in each of which both plates are supported, the position of the refractory connection is determined according to structural aspects not directly related to the invention.

If the measures are provided according to claim 2, the connection of the vapor barriers is made even easier.

The measures according to claim 3 serve to improve the mountability of the fire insulation board and the flue gas seal.

As a result of the measures according to claim 4, the wall elements can also be coupled on the outside of the other, not already fire-resistant, panels with a similarly constructed fire-resistant connection.

By the method of claim 5, the connection is established from the inside, i. H. the fire insulation board is installed first. This work can therefore be carried out in a particularly high quality, in contrast to the subsequent plugging of asbestos or the like into the butt joint.

The procedural measures according to claim 6 indicate how the additional refractory connection is still made.

• Fig.1 zwei benachbarte Aussen-Wandelemente im Bereich ihrer Stossstelle im Schnitt mit einer erfindungsgemässen feuerbeständigen Verbindung zwischen Fassadenplatten,
• Fig. 2 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform mit einer feuerfesten Verbindung zwischen jeweils beiden Platten,
• Fig. 3 zwei benachbarte Innen-Wandelemente im Bereich ihrer Stossstelle im Schnitt mit einer feuerfesten Verbindung entsprechend Fig. 1, und
• Fig. 4 zwei benachbarte Innen-Wandelemente mit einer feuerfesten Verbindung beider Platten entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 2.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

• 1 two adjacent outer wall elements in the area of their abutment on average with a fire-resistant connection according to the invention between facade panels,
• 2 shows a modified embodiment with a refractory connection between each of the two plates,
• 3 shows two adjacent inner wall elements in the area of their abutment on average with a refractory connection according to FIG. 1, and
• 4 shows two adjacent inner wall elements with a fire-proof connection of the two plates as shown in FIG. 2.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, two wall elements 1, 1 ′ are arranged flush with one another in accordance with the arrangement in a wall. Both wall elements are constructed in sandwich construction, i. H. they each have an inner plate serving as a load-bearing plate 2, 2 ', a two-layer thermal insulation layer 3, 3' here, a vapor barrier 4, 4 'and a plate 5, 5' serving as a facade plate. The plates 2, 2 'and the plates 5, 5' are usually made of steel-concrete. The heat insulation layer 3, 3 'consists of suitable heat insulation material, usually a foamed plastic, such as foamed polystyrene. The vapor barrier 4,4 'is formed by a foil made of metal and / or plastic. A heat bridge-free connection of the plates 2, 2 'with the plates 5, 5' is known from DE-OSen 2600346 and 2820920. Since the concrete from which the panels 2, 2 'and 5, 5' are made is fire-resistant, the wall elements themselves are fire-resistant when their main surfaces are exposed to fire. Problems only occur in the area of the butt joints of two adjacent wall elements 1, 1 '.

Each panel 5 and 5 'serving as a facade panel has an undercut 7 or 7' on its inside, ie on the side facing the vapor barrier 4 or 4 ', which recesses back from its abutting surface 6 or 6'. In the base of this undercut 7 or 7 'is a flat bar 8, 8' a fire-resistant material, for example a material containing calcium silicate, for example by means of screws 9 (FIG. 1 left) or by inserting it during plate manufacture (FIG. 1 right).

After the two adjacent wall elements 1, 1 'have been placed flush against one another, leaving a butt joint 10 between the two facade panels, a fire insulation panel 11, for example a calcium silicate panel, is attached to these two strips 8, 8', 7 'and the butt joint 10 completely fills the space formed, namely flush with the inside 12, 12' of the plates 5, 5 ', ie flush with the vapor barriers 4,4'. The attachment of the fire insulation board 11 takes place, for. B. by means of screws 13 (Fig. 1 left) or clips or gluing (Fig. 1 right) on the strips 8. This creates a fire-resistant closure between the two adjacent panels 5, 5 'serving as a smooth surface for the vapor barriers 4, 4 'and which at the same time leaves the full cross section available for the thermal insulation layer. The tight contact surfaces between the fire insulation board 11 on the one hand and the strips 8, 8 'on the other hand are relatively large. The fire insulation board 11 is attached from the inside, that is to say through the space between the heat insulation layers 3, 3 'and the inner boards 2, 2'.

After attaching the fire insulation board 11, the vapor barriers 4, 4 'which project beyond the abutting surfaces 6, 6' of the boards 5, 5 'can be overlapped and glued or welded together. Alternatively, the two vapor barriers 4, 4 'can also be connected in a butt in the usual way.

Subsequently, the separated space 14 between the two-layer thermal insulation layers 3, 3 'is filled with insulating material. In the present case, two insulating inserts 15, 16 are inserted, which consist of the same material as the thermal insulation layer 3, 3 '.

The joint 17 between the plates 2, 2 'serving as inner plates is then closed by in-situ concrete.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, outer wall elements are connected to one another in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. They differ from each other in that the fire-resistant connection is not attached to the facade panels, but between the load-bearing interior panels. Because of the otherwise great similarity, the same reference numerals are used for comparable parts as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, which are followed by an _" a".

In this case, the undercuts 7a, 7a 'are thus formed in the plates 5a, 5a' serving as supporting inner plates. The fire insulation panel 11a is installed through the joint 17a between the two panels 2a, 2a 'serving as facade panels and the free space 14a between the thermal insulation layers 3a, 3a', which in this case have only one layer, on the strips 8a and 8a '. In the present case, the free space 14a is foamed on site, since a so-called step lock, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, is not possible. The two vapor barriers 4a and 4a 'are then connected to one another. In this exemplary embodiment, of course, the vapor barriers 4a and 4a 'are assigned to the respective panel 2a and 2a', which serves as a facade panel.

The joint 17a between the panels 2a and 2a 'is closed with a _" fire seal" which consists of a fire insulation panel 18a which is arranged flush with the outer sides 19a and 19a' of the panels 2a, 2a 'serving as facade panels. It is arranged in undercuts 20a, 20a 'of the plates 2a, 2a', on the bottom of which strips 21a, 21a 'can also be attached as "counter battens". The space remaining between the fire insulation board 18a and the vapor barriers 4a, 4a 'can remain hollow or can be stuffed with a mineral fiber board or the like.

The butt joint 10a between the supporting plates 5a, 5a 'can - as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 - still be closed in a suitable manner, for example by means of a suitable cement.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the wall elements 1b, 1b 'are designed as inner wall elements, ie both plates 2b or 2b' and 5b or 5b 'are designed as load-bearing plates, between which one - in this case again two-layer - Thermal insulation layer 3b, 3b 'is arranged. Because of the large degree of correspondence, since construction and assembly are otherwise identical to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, reference may be made to the description of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. Otherwise, all parts corresponding to FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference number with an additional _" b". Instead of the vapor barrier 4b, 4b ', the respective vapor barrier can also be assigned to the other plate 2b or 2b'; vapor barriers can also be provided on both sides of the thermal insulation layer 3b, 3b '.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the wall elements 1 c, 1 c 'are in turn assembled to form an inner wall, ie both plates 2c, 2c' and 5c, 5c 'are designed as load-bearing plates. The connection between the two plates in turn corresponds to the connection according to FIG. 2. In this respect, reference may be made to the description of FIG. 2. To differentiate, the respective reference numbers are followed by a _" c".

In all of the exemplary embodiments, the space between the strips 8, 8 '; 8a, 8a '; 8b, 8b '; 8c, 8c '; 21 a, 21 a '; 21 c, 21 c 'and associated plates with water glass. Likewise, the fire insulation board 11, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 18a, 18c can each be coated with water glass in order to achieve an increased smoke gas tightness of the corresponding butt joint.

Claims (6)

1. Fireproof joint between two wall elements (1, 1') which are arranged adjacently to one another and each of which has two outer slabs (2, 2'; 5, 5') of concrete and, between them, a heat insulation layer (3,3') and a vapour barrier (4,4'), at least one slab (2, 2') being in the form of a supporting slab and fireproof material being arranged in the area of the cross joint (10) between two slabs (5, 5'), characterised in that the slabs (5, 5'; 5a, 5a'; 5b, 5b'; 5c, 5c') which are arranged on one side are provided with an undercut (7, 7'; 7a, 7a'; 7b, 7b'; 7c, 7c') on their inner sides (12,12'; 12a, 12a'; 12b, 12b'; 12c, 12c') in the area of the cross joint (10, 10a, 10b, 1 Oc), and that in the undercuts (7, 7'; 7a, 7a'; 7b, 7b'; 7c, 7c') a fireproof board (11, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c) which fills in the said undercuts and bridges over the cross joint (10,1 0a,10b, 10c) is fixed.

2. Joint according to Claim 1, characterised in that the fireproof board (11, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c) is arranged so as to be flush with the inner sides (12, 12'; 12a, 12a'; 12b, 12b'; 12c, 12c') of the slabs (5, 5'; 5a, 5a'; 5b, 5b'; 5c, 5c').

3. Joint according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a strip (8,8'; 8a, 8a'; 8b, 8b'; 8c, 8c') made of the same material as the fireproof board (11, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c) is fitted on the bottom of each undercut (7, 7'; 7a, 7a'; 7b, 7b'; 7c, 7c'), the fireproof board (11, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c) being fixed to each-of the said strips.

4. Joint according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that also the slabs (2a, 2a'; 2c, 2c') which are arranged on the other side are provided with an undercut (20a, 20a', 20c, 20c') on their outer sides (19a, 19a'; 19c, 19c') in the region of their cross joint (17a, 17c), and that in the undercuts (20a, 20a'; 20c, 20c') a fireproof board (18a, 18c) which fills the said undercuts and bridges over the cross joint (17a,17c) is fixed.

5. Method of making a joint according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, the vapour barriers if necessary being joined together, a free space between the heat insulation layers being filled with heat insulating material, some slabs being joined together and the cross joint between the slabs being at least partially filled with fireproof material after the wall elements have been erected while leaving a cross joint open between the other slabs, characterised in that in undercuts which are formed in the region of the cross joint on the inner sides of some of the slabs, a fireproof board which fills the said undercuts is fixed, that then, if necessary, the vapour barriers are joined together to be adjacent to the fireproof board, and that subsequently the free space is filled with heat insulating material.

6. Method according to Claim 5, characterised in that also in undercuts which are formed in the region of the cross joint on the outer sides of the slabs, a fireproof board which fills the said undercuts is fixed.

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