EP0197815A1 - Method ensuring the surveillance of persons and/or goods, and system using this method - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and system ensuring the surveillance of goods and/or persons by triggering at least one alarm upon the occurrence of particular events. This method is characterised in that following the detection of a specified event, a central processing unit (Uc) identifies the activated detector(s) (D1, D2) so as to trigger at least one specified alarm device (S, B, L, Q) depending on the detector(s) activated. Moreover, various surveillance means enable the user to be informed of the event causing the alarm. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method and a security system making it possible to monitor goods and / or people by triggering at least one alarm when particular events occur.

This system is more particularly called to be used for the surveillance of a dwelling, its dependences and certain goods, and possibly for the surveillance of the people who are in the vicinity.

There are many so-called security systems for monitoring homes or property. These systems include a central unit connected to detectors and an alarm device. As soon as a detector is energized, the control unit triggers the alarm. The triggering can be due to an intrusion, or even to an abnormal event such as, for example, a leak of water, gas. For this, each detector is specialized for a given event.

However, existing systems have drawbacks.

A central unit is usually connected to several detectors, but when a detector is energized, only one type of alarm is triggered, and it is not possible to know the detector which caused the alarm, and therefore the origin of the alarm.

It is therefore understandable that it is not possible to use the same alarm to ensure both surveillance against intrusions and surveillance of internal events such as water leaks, etc.

In fact, the purpose of surveillance is to scare off a possible intruder: in this case the unit must trigger an alarm such as a siren.

On the other hand, the monitoring of internal events implies that only the occupants of the dwelling are informed: it is not necessary to use a siren placed outside.

Also, when the system is used for intrusion detection, it must be armed when the user leaves and disarmed when he returns. Arming and disarming are carried out at the central which is usually placed in the safest place in the area to be protected, that is to say normally in the center of this area. In this case, a time delay must be provided to allow exits and re-entries without the system triggering. For this, the detector placed near the usual entrance is timed, and it is therefore possible for an intruder to successfully enter the premises and steal a few objects before the alarm is triggered.

Finally, the implementation of these systems involves wiring between the detectors and the control panel, and between the control panel and the alarms, which is expensive and not always aesthetic.

The process of the invention does not have these drawbacks.

According to the invention, a method for ensuring the security and / or monitoring of people and / or property and the triggering of at least one alarm by a central unit following the detection of at least one determined event, by a or several detectors in communication with said central unit is characterized in that several detectors and several alarm devices being in communication with the central unit, the central unit identifies the detector or detectors which have been energized before commanding the triggering of 'at least one alarm device determined by the detector or detectors which have been energized.

Thus, thanks to this process, we identify and know the cause or causes of the triggering of one or more alarms.

According to another characteristic of the inventive method, the communication between the sensors and the central unit is carried out without there ⁱ t physical connection between a sensor and the control unit.

A system for implementing the method of the invention is characterized in that each detector is connected to a transmitter comprising a coding unit and a transmitter transmitting a coded signal allowing its identification, in that the central unit comprises a receiver , a unit for processing the received signal and a programming unit, and means for triggering different alarm devices.

In a preferred embodiment of the system, the central unit comprises coding means and the alarm devices comprise a receiver associated with a decoder. Each receiver is assigned a specific code and the programming unit of the central unit makes it possible in particular to designate which alarm device will be triggered when one or more particular detectors have been activated.

In this embodiment, the central unit is directly connected to the electrical sector of the place where it is located and it has a signal transmitter on the wires of the sector.

This transmitter sends coded signals to the mains. The alarm receivers are also connected to the mains and include a receiver for these signals.

When a decoder detects a signal corresponding to its code, the associated alarm is triggered.

• -la figure 1 est un synoptique d'un système de mise en oeuvre du procédé ;
• -la figure 2 est un schéma de principe d'un dispositif associé à un détecteur ;
• -la figure 3 est un schéma de principe d'un dispositif associé à une alarme ;
• -la figure 4 est un schéma de principe complet du système.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the description of some embodiments which will follow, made with reference to the appended figures:

• FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for implementing the method;
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a device associated with a detector;
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a device associated with an alarm;
• FIG. 4 is a complete block diagram of the system.

In Figure 1, there is shown the block diagram of a basic system for implementing the method of the invention. Two detectors D, and D ₂ are respectively associated with two transmitters T, and T2.

The detectors can be volumetric radars, infrared detectors, magnetic detectors, or alternatively probe systems which close an electrical circuit, or any other known type.

In one embodiment, the transmitters T ,, T2 comprise a transmitter associated with an antenna 11, 12, a microprocessor for coding signals and a rechargeable battery or accumulator. Its size is reduced and it can be easily carried by one person. In this case, it is for example possible to use it as a personal monitoring device, either as a patient-guard or anti-aggression or medical assistance device. For this, the transmission is controlled using a switch placed on the box containing the transmitter.

This figure also shows two devices Pt, and Pt ₂ called gatekeepers. These devices include a keyboard consisting of T keys which allow a code to be entered. The interior of a doorman comprises a transmitter associated with an antenna 14, 15. The role of the doorman is to enable the arming or disarming totally or partially remotely of the central unit UC. Thanks to this device, no intrusion detector requires a time delay.

It is therefore no longer possible to approach the central unit without having disarmed it, which increases the reliability of the system.

The central processing unit UC comprises a reception antenna 13, a processing unit Tr3 associated with a programming device Pr3, a transmission device E, control signals from the alarm devices.

These various elements are supplied by a circuit A, connected to the domestic AC network. Alternatively, a backup battery is provided.

In the preferred embodiment shown in this figure 1, the transmitter E, for controlling the alarm devices, transmits directly to the electrical sector EL.

Thus, no additional wiring is required to install the entire system. The alarm devices are simply plugged into the electrical outlets of the protected place.

Each alarm device consists of an alarm receiver and an alarm means.

In the example, four receivers RA ,, RA ₂ , RA ₃ , RA _{4 are} respectively connected to the sector by sockets P ,, P ₂ , P ₃ , P4 and to the alarm means by the outputs S ,, S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ . The different means may be a siren S, a chime B, a lamp or a projector L or any other means Q

• Grâce au dispositif de programmation Pr, de l'unité centrale, l'utilisateur détermine le ou les récepteurs d'alarme qui seront activés en réponse à la transmission par un ou plusieurs transmetteurs déterminés.

The operation is as follows:

• Thanks to the programming device Pr, of the central unit, the user determines the alarm receiver (s) which will be activated in response to the transmission by one or more determined transmitters.

In another mode, at least two transmitters can be associated with the same alarm means.

Thus, for example, the assembly can be programmed so that the detection of an event by the detector D, triggers the siren S and the lighting of a projector L thanks to the receivers RA, and RA ,.

The assembly can be programmed so that the same alarm, for example the siren S is triggered following a detection by the detector D, or by the detector D2.

In one embodiment, it is also provided that several detectors are connected to the same transmitter, it is thus possible, for example, to monitor a room by placing a detector` on each door or window and by connecting them to a transmitter unique.

The programming keypad is also used to program a system access code, which code will be entered on one of the Pt door stations, or Pt2 to arm or disarm the central unit remotely.

Also, the doormen can be used to remotely control automations such as door openings, lighting of lamps, using specific codes. Special receivers allow the control of these automations.

In variants, provision is made for portable doormen and / or fixed doormen. A fixed doorman can, for example, be permanently fixed near the main entrance. On the latter, in a variant, a visitor bell button is provided which, when pressed, generates a special message which will trigger, for example, a bell. No wiring is therefore necessary to connect the doorbell to its triggering means.

Figure 2 shows the block diagram of a T, transmitter.

A transmitter consists of a microprocessor MP ,, of a transmitter E, connected to an output of the microprocessor and to an antenna 13, and of means I ₁ and G, for assigning an identification code to the transmitter, which code is processed by the MP1 microprocessor. There is also a battery B, to power the components.

In a preferred embodiment, the means I ₁ and G ₁ consist of two series of numbered knobs. The first series I ₁ comprises, in the example, two knobs M ,, and M ₁₂ which make it possible to discern two transmitters belonging to the same group. The same group is made up of all the transmitters intended to transmit to the same central unit. A group is discussed by the second series G, which comprises, in the example three knobs M ₂₁ , M ₂₂ , M ₂₃ . Thus, all transmitters associated with the same unit will have the same group code.

This distinction makes it possible to prevent information intended for a central unit from being processed by the central unit of a close neighbor who would have the same system, and who would be in the range of the transmitter.

The microprocessor MP1 has several other inputs 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 on which the signals can be injected during a detection. One input or the other is used depending on the type of detector used.

It is thus possible to use at least one input of the interrupt type, that is to say an input which reacts on a rising or falling edge of current or voltage.

Infrared or radar type detectors for example will be connected to such inputs.

You can use inputs which react to a change of state.

Magnetic detectors, for example, will be connected to such inputs. Thus, when arming the system, the microprocessor will take into account the state of the input. If a change of state occurs, a transmission will take place. This possibility is particularly interesting, for example in the case where it is desired to consider that the normal state of a door is its opening state and that its closing must trigger an alarm.

In the example, a first detector D, is connected to an input 21. A second detector D ,, is connected to another input 24.

The first detector D, is the event detector for which the transmitter is used, i.e., either an ultrasonic radar, an infrared radar, or a water leak sensor, etc.

A second detector D ,, is in fact an anti-theft security detector of the transmitter T ,.

The T transmitter is in the form of a box. The coding wheels are located inside this case. It is important that this coding cannot be modified by a third person, without the knowledge of the user of the system. Thus, this detector D ,, is for example a simple switch connected to an input of the interrupt type.

Opening the transmitter case will immediately send a flight signal to the central unit.

FIG. 3 represents the block diagram of an RA, alarm receiver. It includes a supply circuit 31 connected to the mains by the socket P ,. This circuit transforms the alternating current into direct current supplying the various components.

A mains interface circuit 32 is connected to the mains by the socket P ,. Its role is to filter the frequency of the sector and extract the carrier from the signal emitted by the transmitter E3 of the central unit - (Figure 1).

At the output of the interface there is a demodulator circuit 33 and a shaping circuit 34 to make the signals usable by a microprocessor 35. For this the output of the shaping circuit is connected to an input of the micro-processor 35.

On two other inputs are connected two coding means G2 and I ₂ consisting, in the embodiment of the figure, of two series of knobs.

A first means G ₂ makes it possible to assign the group code to knobs M ₃ ,, M ₃₂ , M ₃₃ and the second I ₂ makes it possible to assign the code of the receiver by means of knobs M ₄₁ and M ₄₂ .

The microprocessor is then connected to a power circuit 36 which supplies the alarm via its output terminals S1.

In some embodiments, special receivers are provided which have an integrated sound generator, such as a ringtone, nurse call tone or the like.

FIG. 4 presents a complete overview of the system comprising other variants and additional embodiments.

The system consists of several detectors D ,, D ₂ , ... D _n associated with several transmitters T ,, T ₂ , ... T _n such as those described in FIG. 2.

Two door devices Pt, and Pt ₂ are shown. The central unit UC is supplied by an integrated supply A ₃ connected to the alternative EL network. A backup battery is also provided to power the central unit.

For the sake of lightening the figure, the connections between the power supply A3 and the other elements of the central unit have not been shown.

The central unit comprises a reception circuit R ₃ associated with an antenna 13 for the reception of the messages transmitted by the transmitters or the gatekeepers. This circuit is connected to the processing unit Tr3 produced, preferably, using a microprocessor.

A programming device Pr3, of the processing unit consisting for example of a keyboard with keys Pr30 is connected to another of this processing unit.

The transmitter A ₃ for signals to the alarm receivers PA ,, PA2, PA n is connected to an output of the processing unit.

In the embodiment, the code of the receiver to be controlled is produced by the processing unit. For this, the sector transmitter includes an oscillator which modulates the transmitted signal.

In one embodiment, the system is arranged so that transmissions only take place from the central unit when an alarm is to be triggered.

The output of the transmitter E _J is connected to the power supply sector EL by means of an interface circuit (not shown) which makes it possible to superimpose the frequency modulated information on the sector.

Another output of the processing unit Tr3 is connected to a speech synthesis circuit S _v3 which itself is connected, on the one hand to a loudspeaker HP ₃ integrated into the housing of the central unit, on the other takes part in a telephone control circuit C ₃ which puts the voice synthesis circuit S _v3 in connection with the telephone network PTT.

According to the programming of the central unit, this configuration allows, in the absence of the owner, to telephone a synthesized message to one or more predetermined numbers, specifying the event.

The S _v3 voice synthesis circuit is finally connected to a high frequency HF ₃ transmitter to transmit messages to RF3 receivers, which can be used as intrusion or warning or alarm devices .

If several receivers are part of the system, it is possible to send messages to one or the other or to all of them.

Each RF receiver ₃ has an identification code. When a synthesized message must be sent to a specific receiver, the corresponding code is sent, which allows the commissioning of said receiver.

The central unit also includes means for displaying and viewing the state of the system. In one embodiment, the display and display means consist of indicators and alphanumeric displays.

These means have a double function: they allow control of the system when it is in standby state, and when an event occurs, as well as assistance with programming, in addition to the speech synthesis circuit.

In another variant, a printer Im _{3 is provided} to store the events which may have occurred during the absence of the user.

The system works as follows: when the detectors, transmitters, central unit and alarm receivers are in place, the user assigns the same group number to all T transmitters and RA receivers, using the group coding means G ₁ , G ₂ .

Then, it identifies the transmitters and the receivers, within the group, using the identifier coding means I ,, 12. Then, the user programs the central unit UC using the programming keyboard Pr30 to determine which alarm will be triggered when a particular detector has been energized.

It is possible for a user to assign to several RA alarm receivers the same identification code. In this case, when a signal corresponding to this identification code is transmitted, all the receivers affected by this code will be excited. Since each receiver can be linked to a different alarm, it is possible in this way to trigger several alarms following a single detection. Thus, when a detector is energized, several separate alarms can be triggered.

In addition, it is possible to trigger the same alarm or the same series of alarms following the detection of events by several different detectors.

In this case, the user will know the origin of the alarm by consulting the display unit V ₃ and / or the printer Im ₃ .

Programming allows, in response to detection by a given detector, to trigger one or more alarms associated with different RA alarm receivers, and / or the transmission of a synthesized message on one of the RF ₃ high receivers frequency and / or towards a telephone subscriber via the PTT network.

If an alarm is triggered following an attempted theft of a transmitter, the user is also informed.

Similarly, the microprocessor MP, associated with a transmitter makes it possible, in a variant to check the state of the battery B, of supply and to verify that, in the case where the detector D, or D ₂ or D _n associated requires a power supply by the sector, the sector is present: this is the case for example of infrared detectors.

In one embodiment, the state of the battery is tested by counting the transmitter emissions. At each transmission, a counter is incremented. When making the transmitter, knowing the components used, it is easy to know the current that will be consumed on each transmission and therefore to predetermine the number of emissions it will take to use the battery.

Thus, when the number of transmissions reaches a given value, a message is sent to the central unit to inform the user that it is time to change the pitch.

In a variant, a circuit for testing the charge remaining in the battery is provided. When the load falls below a given value, a message is sent to the central unit. The message indicating that it is time to change the battery is transmitted by the printer and / or by the display and / or by the text-to-speech circuit.

In one embodiment, the microprocessor MP, of a transmitter is programmed to transmit to the associated transmitter E ₃ a code comprising all the data necessary for processing by the microprocessor Tr3 of the central unit. The code is composed of several elements, transmitted in the form of bits, when an event occurs.

A first series of four bits comprises three bits set to 0 to inform the central unit of the transmission. The fourth bit is set to 1 when the transmitter is torn from its support, that is to say when the detector D ₁₁ in FIG. 2 changes state.

This fourth bit is reset to 0 when the transmitter is replaced on its support or after a battery change.

Then a series of group bits are sent which correspond to the group code of the transmitter; this code is entered using the knobs M2 ,, M _± , M _n of the group code means G, of FIG. 2.

Another series of bits is used to transmit the transmitter identification code within the group; this is the code entered using the knobs M ₁₁ and M ₁₂ of the identification coding means 1, in FIG. 2.

Then comes an alarm bit which is set to 1 when an alarm must be triggered, that is to say when the associated detector is activated or when the transmitter is stolen.

Another series of bits provides indications on the state of the stack: one of these bits is set to 1 when a determined number of transmissions is reached.

The central unit then informs the user.

This series also includes a bit which is set to 1 when the sector disappears, when it is necessary to supply the detector connected to the transmitter.

Two other bits are the images of the inputs reacting to the change of state.

Finally, a series of so-called "Checksum" bits makes it possible to check the validity of the message transmitted.

In one embodiment, provision is made to periodically check the presence of the various transmitters. For this, each transmitter sends a presence message corresponding to the current state of its inputs.

If such a message is not received by the central unit, in the period of time considered, the absence will be signaled in the form of a message on the printer Im ₃ , and / or on the unit d display V3 and / or in the form of an audible message to the speaker HP ₃ .

This periodic check can be carried out, for example, approximately every two hours.

In one embodiment, provision is made to assign transmitters associated with specialized detectors with a constant identification code. In this way, when the central unit receives a message from one of these detectors, the microprocessor Tr ₃ gives the order to the voice synthesis circuit S _v3 to send a message via the speaker HP ₃ to indicate to the user the origin of the failure. In case of absence, the fault message can be transmitted by telephone to a specific subscriber.

This is the case, for example, when a water leak or even a prolonged shutdown of a freezer are detected.

The same applies to transmitters associated with intrusion detectors in vehicles, transmitters for nursing care, medical assistance, etc.

In a variant, provision is made for specialized receivers to be controlled by specialized detectors: for example, the detection of a water leak causes the control of a valve for closing the water supply.

The programming keyboard Pr ₃ of the central processing unit UC is also used to enter a system access code, a code which must be formed from the gatekeepers Pt, and Pt2 to arm and disarm the alarms.

In another variant, provision is made for the possibility that one part of the system is armed, while another is disarmed.

In another embodiment, provision is made to divide the monitored area into several zones.

When the transmitters are in place, they are assigned, by programming, a zone number. In this case, the user chooses to monitor one area and / or the others.

Indeed, there are areas which must be constantly monitored, whether the user is present or not, while others should only be monitored at night and / or in the event of absence.

This is for example the case of outbuildings which must be constantly monitored while the dwelling should only be monitored in the event of absence or at night.

In this case, rather than programming the arming of each transmitter one by one, we only program, once the transmitters are assigned to their zone, only the monitoring status or not of each zone, which is much more fast.

In a variant, provision is made for the possibility of ensuring the non-surveillance of one zone or the other during given time intervals which may be repetitive.

Indeed, the microprocessor Tr3 of the central unit UC has an internal clock. In this case, the clock is used to authorize this programming.

Thus, for example, in the case where the system is used to monitor a store, it can be considered that the reserve is in itself an area. If for example the deliverers pass at fixed times on the given days, we can thus stop monitoring the reserve to ensure the supply on the scheduled days of delivery.

In a variant, provision is made to ensure constant monitoring of all the zones, but to trigger different alarms depending on whether one is in the day or night configuration, for example.

The programming keyboard is also used to make active or inactive the telephone control circuit 03 making it possible to send messages to determined subscribers. This circuit can be made active or inactive whether the user is present or not.

When the circuit is active, as soon as an abnormal event is detected, the first telephone number stored in the subscriber bank is dialed. If there is no answer, after a certain number of rings, or line busy, the second number is dialed and so on.

When the subscriber picks up, a synthesized message corresponding to the detected event is sent. If the subscriber hangs up before the end of the message, then the number is automatically redialled and the message rebroadcast.

For security, it is provided that a message can be broadcast at least twice in a row, in case the subscriber has not understood it the first time.

Preferably, provision is made for the possibility of three broadcasts in a row. At the end of the third broadcast, the line is cut automatically by the central unit, whether the subscriber hangs up or not.

In one embodiment, if the subscriber hangs up before the end of the second or third broadcast, the number is not redialed. Indeed, we consider that if he hangs up after the end of the first broadcast, this means that he has assimilated the message.

In one embodiment, it is provided that during programming, the user stores his name using the alphabetic keys on the keyboard Pr ,. This allows, when a message is sent by telephone, to let the recipient know the origin of the message.

In this case, at the end of the message, the voice synthesis circuit spells out the name of the user.

The message has for example this texture: "Intrusion at Mr. x.y.z" or "Water leak at Mrs. a.b.c.".

The first part of the message depends on the programming and the problem detected and the second part, which is spelled, is linked to the identity of the user.

The voice synthesis circuit S _va therefore has a bank of first parts of messages.

In one embodiment, service messages are provided which are emitted by the speaker HP, to assist in programming.

In a variant, different degrees of alarm are provided according to the event to be detected.

If several transmitters associated with detectors for events of different degree must trigger the same alarm, in the event of triggering of this alarm, the degree V, for example, is displayed on the display unit V using lights of different colors.

Also the armed or disarmed state of one zone or the other is displayed using means such as display lights.

Claims (25)

1. Method for ensuring the monitoring of people and / or property and the triggering of at least one alarm by a central unit, following the detection of at least one determined event, by one or more detectors in communication with said unit central unit, characterized in that several detectors and several alarm devices being in communication with the central unit, the central unit identifies the detector or detectors which have been energized before ordering the triggering of at least one alarm device determined by the detector (s) that were energized. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the same alarm or the same series of alarms can be triggered by different events, the central unit informs the user of the nature of the events causing the alarm. 3. System for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that each detector (D ,, D ₂ , D _n ) is connected to a transmitter (T ,, T ₂ , T _n ) comprising means d 'indentification (G ,, I ₁ ) and a transmitter (E,) transmitting a coded signal allowing its identification by the central unit, and in that the central unit (UC) comprises a receiver (R3) of the signals emitted by the transmitters, a processing unit (Tr ₃ ) for these signals, a programming unit (Pr ₃ ) and means for triggering different alarm devices, simultaneously or separately. 4. System according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises alarm receivers (RA ,, RA2, RA _n ) connected to different alarm devices (S, B, L, Q), and in that that each alarm receiver has means of identification to distinguish it from the others and in that the central unit (UC) is arranged to be able to trigger either an alarm device or the other via the associated receiver . 5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for identifying an alarm receiver (RA) are coding devices (G ₂ , I ₂ ), and in that the central unit (UC ) produces coded signals and in that an alarm receiver has means (35) for analyzing the signals transmitted by the central unit (UC) and triggering the associated alarm when the analyzed signal corresponds to its own code. 6. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the central unit (UC) has a voice synthesis circuit (S _v3 ) connected to a loudspeaker (HP ₃ ) to inform the user of the nature of the event that triggered an alarm and / or to help it with programming. 7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the voice synthesis circuit (S _v3 ) is connected to a telephone control circuit (C ₃ ) for automatically dialing at least one telephone number and informing a determined subscriber of the occurrence and the nature of an event in the system user. 8. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the voice synthesis circuit (S _v3 ) is connected to a high frequency transmitter (HF ₃ ) for transmitting messages to at least one receiver (RF ₃ ) located in the perimeter to be monitored. 9. System according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the central unit has display means (V ₃ ) and / or a printer (Im ₃ ) for informing the user of events occurring in the perimeter to be monitored and / or to help it with programming. 10. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the display means (V ₃ ) consist of alphanumeric displays and / or different indicator lights. 11. System according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that it comprises at least one device (Pt ,, Pt ₂ ) doorman to arm or disarm all or part of the detectors remotely, in that this doorman includes a keyboard (T) for composing a code transmitted to the receiver (R ₃ ) of the central unit and analyzed by the processing unit - (Tr ₃ ). 12. System according to claim 11, characterized in that the gatekeeper makes it possible to remotely control at least one detector connected to an automation. 13. System according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the gatekeeper (Pt ,, Pt ₂ ) is fixed. 14. The system of claim 13, characterized in that the fixed doorman allows the control of a visitor bell. 15. System according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the gatekeeper (Pt ,, Pt ₂ ) is mobile. 16. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission of the signals between the transmitters (T,) and the central unit (UC) is carried out by radio and in that the identification means of a transmitter consist of two parts, a first (I,) to distinguish it from other transmitters in communication with the same central unit, and a second (G,) to distinguish it from another transmitter in communication with another central unit, of which the first part (I,) would be identical. 17. System according to claim 16, characterized in that the transmitter further comprises a battery (B,) for its supply, a microprocessor (MP,) whose output is connected to a transmitter (E,) for transmitting in the direction of the central unit (UC), and in that an input (21) of the microprocessor - (MP,) is connected to a detector (D,) specialized for detecting a determined event, and in that the detection of a event causes the transmission of a coded signal from the transmitter (E,) and produced by the microprocessor, this signal containing information relating to the identity of the transmitter and information relating to the event, so that the the central unit activates the alarm corresponding to the associated detector. 18. The system of claim 17, characterized in that the transmitter (T,) is in the form of a housing in which the elements are enclosed, and in that a detector (D ₁₁ ) contained in said housing is activated when it is opened, so that a code containing information relating to the opening and the identity of the transmitter is sent to the central unit, so that an alarm is triggered. 19. System according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that each transmission to the central unit is memorized by the microprocessor (MP,) and in that when the number of transmissions of a transmitter ( T,) reaches a predetermined number, a coded signal containing information relating to the identity of the transmitter and to said number of transmissions is transmitted towards the central unit. 20. System according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that each transmitter (T,) comprises means for measuring the energy remaining in the battery (B,), and means for transmitting a coded signal towards the central unit - (uc) when the residual energy is less than a given value. 21. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each transmitter comprises means for periodically transmitting a message informing the central unit of its presence. 22. System according to claim 21, characterized in that a presence message is transmitted approximately every two hours. 23. System according to any one of claims 3 to 22, characterized in that the central unit (UC) is supplied by the electrical network - (EL) of the places where it is implanted and in that it comprises a transmitter (E,) arranged to transmit coded signals over the network, when an alarm is to be triggered, and in that the alarm receivers (RA, ... RA _n ) are directly connected to the network and controlled by the signals transmitted over the network. 24. System according to claims 4 and 23, characterized in that the signals transmitted on the network (EL) by the central unit include information relating to the identity of the alarm receiver (RA ,, ... RA _n ) associated with the device to be triggered. 25. System according to any one of claims 3 to 24, characterized in that the programming keyboard (PR,) of the central unit (UC) makes it possible to associate at least one transmitter (T, ... T _n ) to at least one alarm receiver (RA, ... RA _n ) and / or to the voice synthesis circuit (S _va ).

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