EP0192378A2 - Dispositif pour l'enregistrement d'images - Google Patents
Dispositif pour l'enregistrement d'images Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0192378A2 EP0192378A2 EP86300770A EP86300770A EP0192378A2 EP 0192378 A2 EP0192378 A2 EP 0192378A2 EP 86300770 A EP86300770 A EP 86300770A EP 86300770 A EP86300770 A EP 86300770A EP 0192378 A2 EP0192378 A2 EP 0192378A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- reservoir
- fluid
- imaging
- evaporation rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCC ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl adipate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyrin Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCC)COC(=O)CCC UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940059904 light mineral oil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004605 External Lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010033546 Pallor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920012485 Plasticized Polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012015 optical character recognition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0029—Formation of a transparent pattern using a liquid marking fluid
Definitions
- This invention relates to imaging devices and is particularly concerned with devices for applying clear, colorless imaging fluids to an opaque open-cell microvoid-containing layer overlying a contrasting substrate.
- An innocuous non-solvent liquid employed to impart transparency to the opaque microporous layer can subsequently be evaporated to restore the original appearance.
- a liquid that is a solvent for the lacquer coating would, of course, result in permanent transparency by collapsing the microvoids.
- U.S. Patant No. 2,854,350 describes structures which are functionally similar to those just described, except that the blushed lacquer coatings are replaced by a microporous layer of finely divided calcium carbonate in an organic binder. Transparency is imparted by locally applying pressure or treating selected areas with a wax, oil or grease having a refractive index similar to that of the calcium carbonate. Other pigments may be incorporated in a microporous highly plasticized resin binder: see U.S. Patent No. 3,247,006.
- microvoid-containing sheet material which can be repeatedly transparentized by applying a liquid, but which cannot readily be transparentized by the application of heat or pressure.
- a microvoid-containing layer of the type described in U.S. Patent No. 4,299,880, owned by applicant's assignee is preferred.
- This patent discloses a structure in which the microvoid-containing layer consists essentially of particles held in pseudo- sintered juxtaposition by a thermoset binder and has a cohesion value of at least 400 grams force * .
- Products of the type just discussed can be further improved by incorporating in the microvoid layer an organic polymer that jellifies the transparentizing liquid and blocks lateral migration, thus permitting indicia to retain their initial sharpness; see, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 4,418,098.
- microvoid coating is sufficiently durable (especially, one of the type described in U.S. Patent No. 4,199,880) it can be reused many times, thus making it attractive for incorporation in students' workbooks, overhead transparencies, computer cards, cards for use as optical character recognition devices, bingo cards, stenographic pads, easel pads, games, etc.
- Microvoid layers of this type can also be applied to the surface of three-dimensional objects, making it possible to
- the cohesion value is determined by knife-coating a dispersion of a putative composition on a cleaned gray cold rolled steel panel, drying and curing as appropriate for the composition, to provide a coating 50-60 micrometers thick.
- a sapphire-tipped stylus is lowered into contact with the test panel and held in fixed position while a ball bearing-supported platform moves the panel.
- the minimum grams-force required to form a 50-micrometer deep scratch in the coating in a single pass is determined at a magnification of 40X and reported as cohesive value.
- a transparentizing liquid can be applied to the surface of a microvoid-containing layer, e.g., by a stamp pad, typewriter ribbon, sponge, etc.
- a particularly preferred imaging device is a pen having a porous nib made of felt, extruded polymer, compressed fiber bundles, etc.
- the anticipated number of uses possible is substantially less than would have been predicted.
- as few as two applications of the imaging device to the same area of a given microvoid substrate has resulted in the presence of a "ghost" image that is permanently visible.
- the applicant has determined that purity of the imaging fluid is of great significance in obtaining an imaging device that can be used repeatedly without leaving permanent marks on the transparentizable substrate. Not only is it important to employ imaging fluids that are themselves essentially free from contaminating substances, but it is also important that the reservoir and any contacting parts of the receptacle in which it is contained be similarly free from contamination. Contamination can occur from the presence of any solid or liquid substance that dissolves in the imaging fluid and has an evaporation rate less than about one-half that of the imaging fluid. Problems arising from the application of solid contaminants can readily be appreciated. It is equally true, however, that liquid materials which evaporate far more slowly than the imaging fluid will cause a persistence of image that is highly undesirable.
- the present invention provides an imaging device comprising in combination a reservoir incorporated in a receptacle, imaging fluid in the reservoir, and means for delivering the fluid from the reservoir to a location where marks are to be applied to a substrate.
- the microporous substrate can be imaged and re-imaged at least about 100 times before any ghosting is noted. Decreasing the contaminant level to 50 ppm increases the number of uses to about 1,000, and further reducing the value to 5 ppm increases the number of ghost-free uses to about 10,000.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is a pen of the type in which either an elongated cylindrical felt nib or a longitudinally porous relatively stiff polymeric nib extends from the reservoir to act as the writing tip.
- the reservoir comprises a bundle of fine fibers, frequently enclosed in a tubular film sheath, which is mounted inside the pen body. Vent tubes may extend longitudinally throughout the reservoir to permit equalization of internal and external pressure as imaging fluid is drawn from the reservoir of the pen by capillary action during use.
- the sources of contamination in this type of construction include the plasticizers commonly incorporated in polyvinyl chloride vent tubes, surface finishes applied to the fibers during processing, the plastic sheath surrounding the fibrous reservoir, and mold release agents or low molecular weight polymers clinging to the interior of the pen barrel. All such contaminants may be removed from pen components by rinsing them in acetone, heptane, etc., or by heating them for a long enough period of time (e.g., 72 hours at l20°C.) to volatilize, oxidize, or carbonize the contaminants.
- the pen was mounted in a holder at a 60° angle to the horizontal and a 100-gram vertical force applied as the pen was moved along a 12.5-mm path while it was held in contact with a microvoid-containing sheet material of the type described in Example 1 of U.S. Patent No. 4,299,880 * , leaving a visible image 2 mm wide. After 5 minutes had elapsed, during which time substantially all of the isoparaffin solvent had evaporated, another stroke of the pen was made along the same path. After 5 minutes more had elapsed, the image was still visible, indicating the presence of relatively non-volatile contaminants. The reservoir was then removed from the pen and squeezed to express as much of the isoparaffin imaging liquid as possible. The liquid was then injected into a packed chromatography column (cf. ASTM Test E260-73), which revealed that the level of contaminants was approximately 50,000 ppm.
- microvoid layer was approximately 25 micrometers thick; it appears that the contamination tolerance of an imaging liquid is directly related to the thickness of this layer. In practice, the thickness may range from about 10+ 2 micrometers to 40+6 micrometers. The exact nature of the components (especially fillers) of the microvoid layer may also influence specific results.
- Example 5 Two pens substantially identical to those employed in Example 4 were obtained, the difference residing in the use of polypropylene fiber instead of cellulose acetate fiber in the reservoir.
- the imaging fluid utilized was diisobutylketone, which has an evaporation rate of 0.14. It was found that extractable low molecular weight polypropylene still clung to the surface of the fibers.
- Example 5 the shell and the fibrous reservoir were thoroughly cleansed with 1,1,1-trichloroethane and dried, following the procedures of Example 2, before adding the imaging fluid.
- Example 6 the polypropylene fibers were replaced with a specially prepared dry, lubricant-free fibrillated polypropylene fiber. Results are tabulated below:
- the ribbon was then mounted on a typewriter, an upper case 10-pitch Gothic H struck on sheet material of the type used in the preceding examples, and the imaging fluid evaporated. (The normal image duration of three hours was reduced by heating the imaged sheet material to 100°C. for about 30 seconds.) Another upper case H was then struck in the same place and the process repeated until a "ghost" image could be detected after heating.
- the ribbon was carefully rinsed in 1,1,1-trichloroethane (to remove light mineral oil, the major contaminant) and dried before being saturated with the diethyl adipate. Results are tabulated below:
- a control stamp pad comprising a 12.7 cm x 7.6 cm x 5 mm cotton felt mounted in a polypropylene container, was obtained. (This felt was found to contain light mineral oil lubricant.) The pad was saturated directly with 10 ml of tributyl citrate, which has an evaporation rate of 10- 6 , indicating that the expected duration of an image would be 1.5 years under room conditions.
- Example 8 employed a similar pad, differing in that the cotton felt of the control was replaced with a pure cellulose fiber felt ("100% Cotton Webril Handi-Pad", supplied by Kendall Company) before saturating with tributyl citrate.
- Example 8 shows how an image can be retained for substantial periods of time and "erased” with heat when it no longer serves its purpose, permitting the sheet material to be repeatedly reused.
Landscapes
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
- Color Printing (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US70330085A | 1985-02-20 | 1985-02-20 | |
| US703300 | 1985-02-20 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0192378A2 true EP0192378A2 (fr) | 1986-08-27 |
| EP0192378A3 EP0192378A3 (en) | 1988-05-04 |
| EP0192378B1 EP0192378B1 (fr) | 1991-04-03 |
Family
ID=24824839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19860300770 Expired EP0192378B1 (fr) | 1985-02-20 | 1986-02-05 | Dispositif pour l'enregistrement d'images |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0192378B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH07420B2 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3678464D1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008068052A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Agfa-Gevaert | Procédé de fabrication d'un support d'informations |
| WO2008068054A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Agfa-Gevaert | Procédé de fabrication d'un support d'informations |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1981001389A1 (fr) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-05-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Support d'image renouvelable |
| EP0047068A2 (fr) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-03-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Milieu d'enregistrement capable de reproduire nettement des symboles enregistrés |
-
1986
- 1986-02-05 DE DE8686300770T patent/DE3678464D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-02-05 EP EP19860300770 patent/EP0192378B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-02-18 JP JP61033687A patent/JPH07420B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1981001389A1 (fr) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-05-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Support d'image renouvelable |
| EP0047068A2 (fr) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-03-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Milieu d'enregistrement capable de reproduire nettement des symboles enregistrés |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008068052A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Agfa-Gevaert | Procédé de fabrication d'un support d'informations |
| WO2008068054A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Agfa-Gevaert | Procédé de fabrication d'un support d'informations |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0192378A3 (en) | 1988-05-04 |
| EP0192378B1 (fr) | 1991-04-03 |
| DE3678464D1 (de) | 1991-05-08 |
| JPH07420B2 (ja) | 1995-01-11 |
| JPS61202882A (ja) | 1986-09-08 |
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