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EP0191711B1 - Adjustable mould for making concrete elements, for example staircase units - Google Patents

Adjustable mould for making concrete elements, for example staircase units Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0191711B1
EP0191711B1 EP86450003A EP86450003A EP0191711B1 EP 0191711 B1 EP0191711 B1 EP 0191711B1 EP 86450003 A EP86450003 A EP 86450003A EP 86450003 A EP86450003 A EP 86450003A EP 0191711 B1 EP0191711 B1 EP 0191711B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
adjustable
fact
panel
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86450003A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0191711A1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Colman
Jacques Codron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martine Ricard Te Lyon Frankrijk
Original Assignee
Scr Sarl Ste
Ricard Martine
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by Scr Sarl Ste, Ricard Martine filed Critical Scr Sarl Ste
Priority to AT86450003T priority Critical patent/ATE40071T1/en
Publication of EP0191711A1 publication Critical patent/EP0191711A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0191711B1 publication Critical patent/EP0191711B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/22Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
    • B28B7/225Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units for making stairs or stair units comprising more than one step
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/36Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article
    • B28B7/364Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article of plastic material or rubber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mold for the manufacture of concrete elements, for example stairs of the straight flight type, the steps of which are perpendicular or not to the risers.
  • the actual dimensions of the stairwell may differ by a few centimeters from those previously provided.
  • adjustable molds are usually used which make it possible to produce staircases of different dimensions, that is to say staircases with flights, step heights and different step widths.
  • Detels molds generally comprise a series of step molding elements each consisting of a first metal wall intended to form the step and by a second metal wall intended to form the riser.
  • the molding elements are mounted on a frame in mutual overlap so as to form a succession of triangular hollows and bumps.
  • these molding elements can move relative to each other.
  • each molding element is moved so as to more or less cover the adjacent molding element.
  • each molding element is more or less separated from the molding element. adjacent.
  • Each molding element rests on the adjacent molding element with interposition of shims.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the various drawbacks by using an adjustable mold which is particularly impervious to concrete, with which it is possible, for example, to make staircases of different dimensions of the straight flight type, the steps of which are perpendicular to the risers or form an angle acute with these.
  • An adjustable mold comprising a chassis on which a bottom is mounted, a front side wall, a rear side wall and two longitudinal walls, the said bottom being constituted by juxtaposed molding elements each arranged in a dihedral, which dihedral consists of a wall intended to form the step and by a wall intended to form the riser and the molding elements being mounted on movable carriages on longitudinal guide rails is known from DE-A-2 243 250.
  • the invention is essentially characterized in that that a flexible strip, impervious to concrete, is stretched over the bottom of the mold by tensioners mounted at the end of the mold and is forced to cover and conform to the shape of the bottom of the mold, and therefore the shape of the dihedron of each element of molding, by winding on rollers mounted under the bottom of the mold between two molding elements and by pinching between the molding elements. It is immediately apparent that the bottom of the mold is particularly tight.
  • the two walls of each molding element intended to form the step and the riser are each made up of two wall sections, a containing section and a contained section mounted to slide in the previous one according to the width of the wall, with each of which cooperates an actuating mechanism which forces the sliding of the section contained in one direction or the other so as to adjust the width of the wall.
  • these two walls are articulated to each other along the edge of the dihedron and each cooperate with a telescopic arm to modify the plane angle of the dihedron.
  • the longitudinal walls of the mold are movable in vertical translation and their face turned towards the inside of the mold coated with a flexible wall which is brought into pressure against the bank of the flexible wall lining the bottom.
  • This characteristic further improves the tightness of the mold.
  • the adjustable mold according to the invention for the manufacture of straight flight stairs comprises a frame 1 on which is mounted a bottom 2, a front side wall, a rear side wall 4 and two longitudinal walls 5 which define with the bottom 2 a space in which the concrete is poured.
  • the bottom 2 is constituted by juxtaposed molding elements 6 each arranged in a dihedral which dihedral consists of a wall 7 intended for the formation of the step and by a wall 8 intended for the formation of the riser. These two walls are adjustable in width to adjust the step height and the step width, and each cooperating with at least one telescopic arm to adjust the plan angle of the dihedral and therefore the angle of the step nose.
  • Each molding element 6 is arranged in the mold transversely to the longitudinal axis of the latter.
  • the length of each molding element 6 is equal to the maximum length that a step of a staircase can have. For purely indicative purposes, the length of each molding element is equal to 1.60 m.
  • the molding elements 6 are each supported along their length by carriages 9 mounted movable on horizontal rails 10, longitudinal to the mold, and mounted for fixing on the chassis 1 of the latter.
  • a flexible strip 11 continuous, waterproof to the concrete, which is forced to cover and conform to the shape of the bottom 2 of the mold, by winding on rollers 13 mounted under the bottom 2, each between two molding elements 6, and by pinching between the molding elements when the latter are kept in pressure against each other under the action of the jacks hydraulic.
  • the flexible band 11 made of a synthetic material such as, for example, P.V.C. urethane has a width equal to the length of each molding element 6 so as to entirely cover each of these.
  • rollers 13 each force the flexible strip 11 to be applied to the walls 7 and 8 of each molding element 6.
  • the flexible strip 11 is first applied to the wall 7 of this element then on the wall 8 of this same element. Under the lower edge of the wall 8 of this element, the flexible strip is wound on the roller 13 before being applied to the wall 7 of the adjacent element.
  • strip 11 between these two elements and under the bottom 2 forms a closed loop 11 A when these two elements are in pressure against one another.
  • This strip 11 A is closed at the lower edge of the wall 8 of one and the lower edge of the wall 7 of the other. These two banks are rounded.
  • a removable corner molding part 15 intended to form the connection between the riser and the step, this connection forming the nose of the step.
  • This molding piece comprises a tail 1 5A interposed between the two strands of the loop, at the lower edges of the walls 7 and 8.
  • This tail 15A is surmounted by a wall 15B which is applied to the bottom 2 of the mold to the above the lower edges of walls 7 and 8.
  • This wall 15B has a shape complementary to that given to the connection between the step and the riser. Preferably this wall is curved so as to form a rounded angle.
  • the tail 15A has a bulge which forces the wall 15B to press against the bottom of the mold.
  • any other kind of part can be inserted into the mold.
  • a metal embedded part with anchoring lugs in the concrete may be inserted.
  • This part is intended to form a metal stair nosing.
  • this piece has non-slip streaks.
  • corner pieces are each mounted between two adjacent elements 6 before the latter are brought into pressure against one another.
  • the molding elements 6 To interpose these corner pieces, it is therefore necessary for the molding elements 6 to be able to move apart from one another so as to open the loops 1 TA formed by the wall 11 and to make space between the strands of each loop, in which is arranged the tail of the corresponding corner piece.
  • each movable carriage has two legs 16 and 17, one of which, the leg 16, is fixedly mounted on the carriage and receives in articulation, along a horizontal axis and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the mold, the lower edge of the wall 8 of one of the elements 6 and the other of which, the jamb 17, is pivotally movable and receives in articulation, always along a horizontal axis and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the mold , the lower edge of the wall 7 of the other element 6.
  • the leg 16 is rigidly fixed to this plate by a gusset while the leg 17 is articulated by its lower end in a yoke fixed to this plate. It is obvious that this leg 17 is articulated to the yoke along a horizontal axis, transverse to the longitudinal direction of the mold.
  • this leg 17 To limit the pivoting movement of this leg 17 in the direction of the spacing of the molding elements 6, there is provided a stop 18 mounted for fixing on a vertical cheek 19 fixed on the plate of the carriage.
  • This carriage is furthermore equipped with a horizontal upper plate 20 fixed to the cheek 19. This plate receives in fixing the bearing 13A of the roller 13 which is disposed between the two legs 16 and 17.
  • the legs 16 and 17 are in the form of a rectangular wall which extends under the bottom 2 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the mold.
  • each leg is mounted on two mobile carriages 9.
  • the walls constituting the legs are articulated either to the wall 7, or to the wall 8 by a hinge system.
  • the walls constituting the legs and the walls 7 and 8 are equipped with regularly spaced knuckles.
  • the knuckles of the corresponding wall 7 or 8 engage and these different knuckles receive an assembly pin.
  • each molding element 6 is supported by a leg 17 mounted on several carriages 9 which receive the supporting leg 16 of the rear element 6, and is supported by a leg 16 mounted on several carriages 9 which receive the leg 17 to support the anterior element 6.
  • This arrangement offers the advantage of constituting a carriage and element chain 6.
  • This tensile force is transmitted for example first of all to the leg 17 of the last element of the chain and after this element has pivoted and has come to bear on the stop 18, is transmitted to the penultimate element of the chain.
  • the length of the strip in the mold increases or decreases depending on whether the molding elements 6 deviate or, on the contrary, approach each other.
  • the tensioners 12 of the strip are constituted by tension rollers on each of which said strip is wound in several turns.
  • the tension rollers are actuated in rotation by drive members of any known type.
  • tensioning rollers are actuated in rotation in the direction of the winding of the strip when the elements 6 approach each other.
  • rollers are locked in rotation in the direction of unwinding of the strip by any known means, for example, by a pawl wheel.
  • each molding element 6 is arranged in a dihedral, which dihedral consists of a wall 7 intended to form the step and by a wall 8 intended to form the riser, the wall 7 being articulated to a jamb 17 and the wall 8 to a leg 16.
  • the walls 7 and 8 are each made up of two wall sections, a section containing 21 and a contained section 22 slidably mounted in the previous one according to the width of the wall, each of which cooperates with an actuating mechanism which forces the sliding of the section contained in one direction or the other so as to adjust the width of the wall.
  • the section containing 21 is articulated to the corresponding jamb.
  • This container section is constituted by two walls 24, constituting a sheath.
  • This metal part comprises at least two ramps 26 arranged in opposition to one another.
  • the wall section 22 also has at least two ramps 27 arranged in opposition to each other which each cooperate with a ramp 26 of the part 25 to form a triangular space.
  • two substantially triangular spacers 28 actuated in translation in opposite directions from one another by a screw maneuverable in rotation and locked in translation.
  • the triangular gaps 28 and the screw 29 constitute the above-mentioned actuation mechanism.
  • the screw 29 extends in the wall 7 or 8 in a longitudinal direction.
  • This screw over a portion of its length has a thread on the right while the other portion of its length is threaded in a pitch on the left.
  • a threaded portion of this screw engages in a threaded orifice formed in one of the spacers 28 while the other threaded portion of the screw engages in a threaded orifice made in the other spacer.
  • the screw also engages in the transverse orifice of a slide 30 guided in sliding in the width direction of the wall 7 or 8 in two transverse housings, one of which is formed in the contained section 21 and the other of which is practiced in room 25.
  • the role of the slide is to guide the screw during this movement.
  • the part 25 and the contained wall section each comprise four regularly spaced ramps and the actuation mechanism comprises four spacers 29.
  • this actuation mechanism is constituted by a plurality of hydraulic or electric jacks, which are each connected, by any known means, to the containing wall section and to the contained wall section.
  • the walls 7 and 8 of each molding element are articulated to each other along the edge of the dihedron which they form. and the spacing between the axes of articulation of these walls at the legs 16 and 17 is adjustable. By adjusting this spacing, the plane angle of the dihedral is changed. The modification of the value of this plane angle results in modifying the angle of the stair nosing, this angle being formed by a wall 7 of an element and by the wall 8 of the adjacent element.
  • the plane angle of the dihedral is equal to the angle of the stair nose, it suffices only to give the plane angle of the dihedral the desired value for the angle of the stair nose.
  • the walls 7 and 8 are articulated to each other by a system of the hinged type as previously described.
  • At least one telescopic arm 31 articulated by one of these ends to the leg 17 and by its other end to the leg 16.
  • This telescopic arm consists of two threaded rods 32 and 33, one of which is articulated to the jamb 17 and the other of which is articulated to the jamb 16.
  • Each threaded rod has a thread opposite to that of the other rod.
  • the threaded rods cooperate with a sleeve 34 comprising two internal threads which each cooperate with the thread of a threaded rod.
  • This sleeve is provided with a rotary drive means.
  • the rotation of the sleeve in a direction of rotation causes either an increase in the length of the arm 31, or a decrease.
  • each molding element 6 is associated with several telescopic arms 31 which can be operated simultaneously by the same transmission.
  • this transmission consists of a plurality of toothed pinions 35 each wedged on a sleeve 34 and by a chain 36 which meshes on each toothed pinion.
  • the sleeve 34 of the first telescopic arm 31 includes an operating wheel 37.
  • each arm 31 is articulated to the lower edge of the walls 7 and 8.
  • the carriages 9 always remain on the guide rails.
  • the length of the guide rails corresponds to the maximum length of the staircase which can be manufactured with this mold.
  • this tension roller is mounted on a frame, not shown, capable of sliding on the frame 1 and of locking in the desired position.
  • the length of the longitudinal walls 5 corresponds to the maximum width of the staircase which can be produced with the mold.
  • the longitudinal walls can be adjusted in height so that the distance between the upper edge of these walls 5 and the bottom 2 of the mold corresponds substantially to the thickness which the staircase must have.
  • each wall 5 is slidably mounted on legs 38 articulated to the chassis 1 and cooperates with several drive systems in translation, of the screw and nut type, each maneuverable manually by a crank or automatically by a drive member. .
  • the nut of each system cooperates in fixing with the longitudinal wall while the screw cooperates in guiding in rotation with the corresponding jamb.
  • jacks The purpose of these jacks is either to apply the longitudinal walls against the bank of the molding elements and therefore to close the mold, or to separate them angularly from the bottom 2 of the mold to open the latter.
  • Each jack is articulated on one of the legs of the wall and on the frame 1.
  • the face of the longitudinal walls 5 facing the inside of the mold is coated with a sheet 40 of a flexible, elastically deformable material, which is pressed against the edge of the strip 11.
  • the aforementioned side walls have a shape complementary to that of the end of the staircase.
  • these side walls are removable for their replacement and are each carried on a support 41.
  • This support is constituted by a cross member fixedly fixed on the upper bank of the longitudinal walls and by a vertical plate integral with said cross member. This plate extends downwards, above the mold and receives the side wall in fixing.
  • This side wall in fact constitutes a screen which is arranged transversely between the longitudinal walls.
  • the support 41 of one of the side walls, preferably the rear wall 4 can be moved along the longitudinal walls 5 so as to be able to make a staircase at the desired number of steps. With this type of staircase, it is possible to make a staircase fitted with a landing.
  • the strip 11 in the front part of the mold is supported by an inclined plane 42 of adjustable inclination, mounted in fixing on uprights integral with the frame.
  • the longitudinal walls 5 each receive a fixing, a removable cheek 43 which is arranged laterally at the inclined plane 41.
  • the strip 11 beyond the bearing is wound on the front tension roller 12.
  • This tension roller is supported by a frame 44 mounted for fixing on the chassis 1.
  • the mold according to the invention allows the manufacture of stairs of different dimensions and is particularly waterproof.
  • this mold can be used for the manufacture of stringers.
  • the mold receives vertical, longitudinal screens, the lower edge of which follows the profile of the bottom 2 of the mold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention has as an object an adjustable mold for the manufacture of concrete elements such as staircases of the type having a straight line extent, of which the treads are perpendicular or not perpendicular to the risers. The adjustable mold according to the invention comprises a frame (1) on which is mounted a base (2), a front lateral wall, a back lateral wall (4) and two longitudinal walls (5), the said base being constituted by juxtaposed molding elements (6) each provided in a dihedral angle which dihedral angle is constituted by a wall intended to form the tread and by a wall intended to form the riser and is characterized in that each molding element (6) is supported by carriages mounted movably on horizontal guide rails (10) longitudinally to the mold, mounted on the frame (1) and in that a flexible strip (11) sealed to the concrete is stretched by stretchers (12) mounted at each extremity of the mold and is forced to cover and conform to the shape of the base (2) of the mold by winding on rollers (13), mounted beneath the base (2) each between two elements (6), and by gripping between the molding elements when these latter are maintained pressed the ones against the others by jacks.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un moule pour la fabrication d'éléments en béton par exemple des escaliers du type à volée droite, dont les marches sont perpendiculaires ou non aux contremarches.The present invention relates to a mold for the manufacture of concrete elements, for example stairs of the straight flight type, the steps of which are perpendicular or not to the risers.

On sait que l'implantation d'un escalier dans un bâtiment introduit un certain nombre de contraintes.We know that the installation of a staircase in a building introduces a certain number of constraints.

Pour déterminer les caractéristiques dimensionel- les d'un escalier, l'homme de l'art doit tenir compte de la place disponible et respecter le rapport dimensionnel habituel entre la hauteur de marche et la largeur de marche.To determine the dimensional characteristics of a staircase, those skilled in the art must take into account the space available and respect the usual dimensional ratio between the step height and the step width.

Pour cette raison les dimensions d'un escalier sont difficilement normalisables et ceux-ci ne peuvent pas être préfabriqués en série.For this reason, the dimensions of a staircase are difficult to standardize and these cannot be prefabricated in series.

Pour construire les escaliers, il est souhaitable de tenir compte des dimensions réelles de la cage d'escalier et non de celles initialement prévues par l'architecte. En effet, compte tenu des tolérances dimensionnelles admises dans la profession, les dimensions réelles de la cage d'escalier peuvent différer de quelques centimètres de celles préalablement prévues.To build the stairs, it is desirable to take into account the actual dimensions of the stairwell and not those initially planned by the architect. In fact, given the dimensional tolerances accepted in the profession, the actual dimensions of the stairwell may differ by a few centimeters from those previously provided.

Ces écarts dimensionnels sont habituellement rattrapés sur les dimensions des marches de l'escalier.These dimensional differences are usually made up on the dimensions of the steps of the staircase.

Pour réduire le coût de fabrication des escaliers, ceux-ci sont réalisés en béton moulé.To reduce the cost of manufacturing the stairs, they are made of molded concrete.

Dans le cadre de cette technique, il est habituellement mis en oeuvre des moules réglables qui permettent de réaliser des escaliers de différentes dimensions, c'est-à-dire des escaliers présentant des volées, des hauteurs de marche et des largeurs de marche différentes.In the context of this technique, adjustable molds are usually used which make it possible to produce staircases of different dimensions, that is to say staircases with flights, step heights and different step widths.

Detels moules comportent généralement une série d'éléments de moulage de marches constitués chacun par une première paroi métallique destinée à former la marche et par une seconde paroi métallique destinée à former la contremarche.Detels molds generally comprise a series of step molding elements each consisting of a first metal wall intended to form the step and by a second metal wall intended to form the riser.

Ces deux parois sont fixées rigidement l'une à l'autre et sont perpendiculaires l'une à l'autre.These two walls are rigidly fixed to each other and are perpendicular to each other.

Les éléments de moulage sont montés sur un châssis en recouvrement mutuel de manière à former une succession de creux et bosses triangulaires.The molding elements are mounted on a frame in mutual overlap so as to form a succession of triangular hollows and bumps.

Pour régler les dimensions de la marche et de la contremarche ces éléments de moulage peuvent se déplacer les uns par rapport aux autres.To adjust the dimensions of the step and the riser, these molding elements can move relative to each other.

Ainsi pour régler la largeur des marches chaque élément de moulage est déplacé de manière à recouvrir plus ou moins l'élément de moulage adjacenttan- dis que pour régler la hauteur des marches chaque élément de moulage est écarté plus ou moins de l'élément de moulage adjacent.Thus, to adjust the width of the steps, each molding element is moved so as to more or less cover the adjacent molding element. As for adjusting the height of the steps, each molding element is more or less separated from the molding element. adjacent.

Chaque élément de moulage s'appuie sur l'élément de moulage adjacent avec interposition de cales.Each molding element rests on the adjacent molding element with interposition of shims.

Le principal inconvénient de ce type de moule réside dans le fait que celui-ci est très peu étanche.The main drawback of this type of mold lies in the fact that it is very leaky.

Il en résulte lors du moulage des pertes de laitance. Cette laitance s'écoule sur les mécanismes de réglage du positionement des éléments de moule. En séchant la laitance bloque ce mécanisme. En raison de cet inconvénient, l'homme de l'art après chaque moulage doit procéder au nettoyage du moule. Cette opération, longue et onéreuse grève de manière conséquente le coût d'exploitation. De plus la perte de laitance se traduit par l'obtention de pièces moulées présentant un aspect rugueux ou granuleux.This results in molding losses of laitance. This milt flows on the mechanisms for adjusting the positioning of the mold elements. When drying milt blocks this mechanism. Due to this drawback, those skilled in the art after each molding must clean the mold. This lengthy and expensive operation significantly increases the operating cost. In addition, the loss of milt results in the production of molded parts having a rough or grainy appearance.

Un autre inconvénient de ce type de moule réside dans le fait qu'il est impossible de mouler des escaliers dont les marches doivent former un angle aigu avec les contre marches pour former un pas de souris.Another drawback of this type of mold lies in the fact that it is impossible to mold stairs whose steps must form an acute angle with the counter steps to form a mouse step.

La présente invention a pour objet de pallier aux différents inconvénients en mettant en oeuvre un moule réglable particulièrement étanche au béton avec lequel on peut réaliser par exemple des escaliers de dimensions différentes du type à volée droite dont les marches sont perpendiculaires aux contremarches ou forment un angle aigu avec ces dernières.The object of the present invention is to overcome the various drawbacks by using an adjustable mold which is particularly impervious to concrete, with which it is possible, for example, to make staircases of different dimensions of the straight flight type, the steps of which are perpendicular to the risers or form an angle acute with these.

Un moule réglable comprenant un châssis sur lequel est monté un fond, une paroi latérale avant, une paroi latérale arrière et deux parois longitudinales, le dit fond étant constitué par des éléments de moulage juxtaposés agencés chacun en dièdre, lequel dièdre est constitué par une paroi destinée à former la marche et par une paroi destinée à former la contremarche et les éléments de moulage étant montées sur des chariots mobiles sur des rails de guidage longitudinaux est connu du DE-A-2 243 250. L'invention se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'une bande souple, étanche au béton, est tendue sur le fond du moule par des tendeurs montés en extrémité du moule et est forcée à recouvrir et à épouser la forme du fond du moule, et donc la forme du dièdre de chaque élément de moulage, par enroulement sur des rouleaux montés sous le fond du moule entre deux éléments de moulage et par pincement entre les éléments de moulage. On conçoit immédiatement que le fond du moule est particulièrement étanche.An adjustable mold comprising a chassis on which a bottom is mounted, a front side wall, a rear side wall and two longitudinal walls, the said bottom being constituted by juxtaposed molding elements each arranged in a dihedral, which dihedral consists of a wall intended to form the step and by a wall intended to form the riser and the molding elements being mounted on movable carriages on longitudinal guide rails is known from DE-A-2 243 250. The invention is essentially characterized in that that a flexible strip, impervious to concrete, is stretched over the bottom of the mold by tensioners mounted at the end of the mold and is forced to cover and conform to the shape of the bottom of the mold, and therefore the shape of the dihedron of each element of molding, by winding on rollers mounted under the bottom of the mold between two molding elements and by pinching between the molding elements. It is immediately apparent that the bottom of the mold is particularly tight.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les deux parois de chaque élément de moulage destinées à former la marche et la contremarche sont constituées chacune en deux tronçons de paroi, un tronçon contenant et un tronçon contenu monté en coulissement dans le précédent suivant la largeur de la paroi, avec chacun desquels coopère un mécanisme d'actionnement qui force le coulissement du tronçon contenu dans un sens ou dans l'autre de manière à ajuster la largeur de la paroi.According to another characteristic of the invention, the two walls of each molding element intended to form the step and the riser are each made up of two wall sections, a containing section and a contained section mounted to slide in the previous one according to the width of the wall, with each of which cooperates an actuating mechanism which forces the sliding of the section contained in one direction or the other so as to adjust the width of the wall.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, ces deux parois sont articulées l'une à l'autre suivant l'arête du dièdre et coopèrent chacune avec un bras téléscopique pour modifier l'angle plan du dièdre.According to another characteristic of the invention, these two walls are articulated to each other along the edge of the dihedron and each cooperate with a telescopic arm to modify the plane angle of the dihedron.

Ces caractéristiques permettent le moulage d'escalier de dimensions différentes dont les marches sont perpendiculaires ou non aux contre marches.These characteristics allow the molding of staircases of different dimensions whose steps are perpendicular or not to the counter steps.

Suivant encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention les parois longitudinales du moule sont mobiles en translation verticale et leur face tournée vers l'intérieur du moule revêtu d'une paroi souple qui est amenée en pression contre la rive de la paroi souple tapissant le fond.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the longitudinal walls of the mold are movable in vertical translation and their face turned towards the inside of the mold coated with a flexible wall which is brought into pressure against the bank of the flexible wall lining the bottom. .

Cette caractéristique améliore encore l'étanchéité du moule.This characteristic further improves the tightness of the mold.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'une forme préférentielle de réalisation donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif en se référant aux dessins annexés en lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective et en écorché d'un moule suivant l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle selon la ligne AA de la figure 1,
  • - la figure 3 est un schéma fonctionnel du mécanisme de réglage de la largeur des parois de chaque élément de moulage,
  • - la figure 4 montre le détail d'un tel mécanisme,
  • - les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues en coupe suivant les lignes BB et CC de la figure 4,
  • - la figure 7 est une vue en coupe d'une paroi longitudinale,
  • - la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une pièce de moulage d'angle,
  • - la figure 9 est une vue schématique d'éléments de moulage préssés les uns contre les autres.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the description of a preferred embodiment given as non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective and cutaway view of a mold according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a partial section view along the line AA in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of the mechanism for adjusting the width of the walls of each molding element,
  • - Figure 4 shows the detail of such a mechanism,
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views along the lines BB and CC of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a longitudinal wall,
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a corner molding part,
  • - Figure 9 is a schematic view of molding elements pressed against each other.

Tel que représenté, le moule réglable selon l'invention pour la fabrication d'escalier à volée droite comprend un châssis 1 sur lequel est monté un fond 2, une paroi latérale avant, une paroi latérale arrière 4 et deux parois longitudinales 5 qui définissent avec le fond 2 un espace dans lequel est coulé le béton.As shown, the adjustable mold according to the invention for the manufacture of straight flight stairs comprises a frame 1 on which is mounted a bottom 2, a front side wall, a rear side wall 4 and two longitudinal walls 5 which define with the bottom 2 a space in which the concrete is poured.

Le fond 2 est constitué par des éléments de moulage 6 juxtaposés agencés chacun en dièdre lequel dièdre est constitué par une paroi 7 destinée à la formation de la marche et par une paroi 8 destinée à la formation de la contremarche. Ces deux parois sont réglables en largeur pour régler la hauteur de marche et la largeur de marche, et coopérant chacune avec au moins un bras téléscopique pour régler l'angle plan du dièdre et donc l'angle du nez de marche.The bottom 2 is constituted by juxtaposed molding elements 6 each arranged in a dihedral which dihedral consists of a wall 7 intended for the formation of the step and by a wall 8 intended for the formation of the riser. These two walls are adjustable in width to adjust the step height and the step width, and each cooperating with at least one telescopic arm to adjust the plan angle of the dihedral and therefore the angle of the step nose.

Chaque élément de moulage 6 est disposé dans le moule de manière transversale à l'axe longitudinal de ce dernier. La longueur de chaque élément de moulage 6 est égale à la longueur maximale que peut avoir une marche d'un escalier. A titre purement indicatif, la longueur de chaque élément de moulage est égale à 1,60 m.Each molding element 6 is arranged in the mold transversely to the longitudinal axis of the latter. The length of each molding element 6 is equal to the maximum length that a step of a staircase can have. For purely indicative purposes, the length of each molding element is equal to 1.60 m.

Les éléments de moulage 6 sont chacun supportés suivant leur longueur par des chariots 9 montés mobiles sur des rails horizontaux 10, longitudinaux au moule, et montés en fixation sur le châssis 1 de ce dernier.The molding elements 6 are each supported along their length by carriages 9 mounted movable on horizontal rails 10, longitudinal to the mold, and mounted for fixing on the chassis 1 of the latter.

Ces éléments de moulage sont amenés en pression les uns contre les autres sous l'action de vérins hydrauliques 14 ou autres organes presseurs.These molding elements are brought into pressure against each other under the action of hydraulic cylinders 14 or other pressing members.

Lorsque les éléments de moulage sont en pression les uns contre les autres, les rives inférieures des parois 7 et 8 de chacun de ceux-ci sont maintenues par les chariots mobiles 9 suivant un même plan horizontal.When the molding elements are pressed against each other, the lower edges of the walls 7 and 8 of each of these are held by the movable carriages 9 along the same horizontal plane.

Sur le fond 2 du moule et donc sur les éléments de moulage 6 est tendue par des tendeurs 12 montés à chaque extrémité du moule, une bande souple 11, continue, étanche au béton, qui est forcée à recouvrir et à épouser la forme du fond 2 du moule, par enroulement sur des rouleaux 13 montés sous le fond 2, chacun entre deux éléments de moulage 6, et par pincement entre les éléments de moulage lorsque ces derniers sont maintenus en pression les uns contre les autres sous l'action des vérins hydrauliques.On the bottom 2 of the mold and therefore on the molding elements 6 is stretched by tensioners 12 mounted at each end of the mold, a flexible strip 11, continuous, waterproof to the concrete, which is forced to cover and conform to the shape of the bottom 2 of the mold, by winding on rollers 13 mounted under the bottom 2, each between two molding elements 6, and by pinching between the molding elements when the latter are kept in pressure against each other under the action of the jacks hydraulic.

La bandé souple 11 constituée en une matière synthétique comme par exemple du P.V.C. uréthane présente une largeur égale à la longueur de chaque élément de moulage 6 de manière à recouvrir entièrement chacun de ceux-ci.The flexible band 11 made of a synthetic material such as, for example, P.V.C. urethane has a width equal to the length of each molding element 6 so as to entirely cover each of these.

Les rouleaux 13 montés sous le fond 2, chacun entre deux éléments de moulage 6, tourillonnent dans des paliers d'extrémité 13A portés par la structure des chariots mobiles 9.The rollers 13 mounted under the bottom 2, each between two molding elements 6, rotate in end bearings 13A carried by the structure of the mobile carriages 9.

Ces rouleaux 13 forcent chacun la bande souple 11 à s'appliquer sur les parois 7 et 8 de chaque élément de moulage 6. De cette manière, en considérant deux éléments de moulage adjacents, la bande souple 11 s'applique tout d'abord sur la paroi 7 de cet élément puis sur la paroi 8 de ce même élément. Sous la rive inférieure de la paroi 8 de cet élément, la bande souple s'enroule sur le rouleau 13 avant d'être appliquée sur la paroi 7 de lélément adjacent.These rollers 13 each force the flexible strip 11 to be applied to the walls 7 and 8 of each molding element 6. In this way, considering two adjacent molding elements, the flexible strip 11 is first applied to the wall 7 of this element then on the wall 8 of this same element. Under the lower edge of the wall 8 of this element, the flexible strip is wound on the roller 13 before being applied to the wall 7 of the adjacent element.

Ainsi la bande 11 entre ces deux éléments et sous le fond 2 forme une boucle 11 A fermée lorsque ces deux éléments sont en pression l'un contre l'autre. Cette bande 11 A est fermée au niveau de la rive inférieure de la paroi 8 de l'un et de la rive inférieure de la paroi 7 de l'autre. Ces deux rives sont arrondies.Thus the strip 11 between these two elements and under the bottom 2 forms a closed loop 11 A when these two elements are in pressure against one another. This strip 11 A is closed at the lower edge of the wall 8 of one and the lower edge of the wall 7 of the other. These two banks are rounded.

On conçoit que la bande 11 est pincée entre les rives de ces deux parois et que chacun des brins de la boucle que forme cette bande, viennent en pression l'un contre l'autre.It is understood that the strip 11 is pinched between the edges of these two walls and that each of the strands of the loop that this strip forms, come into pressure against one another.

Avantageusement, entre deux éléments de moulage adjacents, il est interposé une pièce de moulage d'angle 15 amovible destinée à former le raccord entre la contremarche et la marche, ce raccord formant le nez de la marche.Advantageously, between two adjacent molding elements, there is interposed a removable corner molding part 15 intended to form the connection between the riser and the step, this connection forming the nose of the step.

Cette pièce de moulage comporte une queue 1 5A interposée entre les deux brins de la boucle, au niveau des rives inférieures des parois 7 et 8. Cette queue 15A est surmontée d'une paroi 15B qui s'applique sur le fond 2 du moule au dessus des rives inférieures des parois 7 et 8.This molding piece comprises a tail 1 5A interposed between the two strands of the loop, at the lower edges of the walls 7 and 8. This tail 15A is surmounted by a wall 15B which is applied to the bottom 2 of the mold to the above the lower edges of walls 7 and 8.

Cette paroi 15B a une forme complémentaire de celle donnée au raccord entre la marche et la contremarche. De préférence cette paroi est cintrée de manière à former un angle arrondi.This wall 15B has a shape complementary to that given to the connection between the step and the riser. Preferably this wall is curved so as to form a rounded angle.

Avantageusement la queue 15A présente un renflement qui force la paroi 1 5B à se plaquer en fond de moule.Advantageously, the tail 15A has a bulge which forces the wall 15B to press against the bottom of the mold.

Il est bien évident que tout autre genre de pièce pourra être inséré dans le moule. Notamment il pourra être inséré une pièce noyée métallique dotée de pattes d'ancrage dans le béton. Cette pièce est destinée à former un nez de marche métallique. De plus cette pièce est dotée de stries anti-dérapantes.It is obvious that any other kind of part can be inserted into the mold. In particular, a metal embedded part with anchoring lugs in the concrete may be inserted. This part is intended to form a metal stair nosing. In addition, this piece has non-slip streaks.

Ces pièces d'angles sont montées chacune entre deux éléments 6 adjacents avant que ces derniers soient amenés en pression l'un contre l'autre.These corner pieces are each mounted between two adjacent elements 6 before the latter are brought into pressure against one another.

Pour interposer ces pièces d'angles il est donc nécessaire que les éléments de moulage 6 puissent s'écarter les uns des autres de manière à ouvrir les boucles 1 TA que forment ia paroi 11 et a libérer entre les brins de chaque boucle un espace, dans lequel est disposée la queue de la pièce d'angle correspodante.To interpose these corner pieces, it is therefore necessary for the molding elements 6 to be able to move apart from one another so as to open the loops 1 TA formed by the wall 11 and to make space between the strands of each loop, in which is arranged the tail of the corresponding corner piece.

Il faut également noter que pour régler la largeur des marches de l'escalier et la hauteur de ces dernières, il est également nécessaire d'écarter les éléments de moulage les uns des autres, pour des raisons qui seront exposées plus avant.It should also be noted that in order to adjust the width of the steps of the staircase and the height of the latter, it is also necessary to separate the molding elements from each other, for reasons which will be explained later.

Pour écarter l'un de l'autre, deux éléments de moulage adjacents, chaque chariot mobile, selon la forme préférentielle de réalisation est doté de deux jambages 16 et 17 dont un, le jambage 16, est monté fixe sur le chariot et reçoit en articulation, suivant un axe horizontal et transversal à l'axe longitudinal du moule, la rive inférieure de la paroi 8 de l'un des éléments 6 et dont l'autre, le jambage 17, est mobile en pivotement et reçoit en articulation, toujours suivant un axe horizontal et transversal à l'axe longitudinal du moule, la rive inférieure de la paroi 7 de l'autre élément 6.To separate one from the other, two elements of slack adjacent beam, each movable carriage, according to the preferred embodiment has two legs 16 and 17, one of which, the leg 16, is fixedly mounted on the carriage and receives in articulation, along a horizontal axis and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the mold, the lower edge of the wall 8 of one of the elements 6 and the other of which, the jamb 17, is pivotally movable and receives in articulation, always along a horizontal axis and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the mold , the lower edge of the wall 7 of the other element 6.

Ces deux jambages sont montés sur une platine du chariot équipée d'organes de roulement qui roulent dans les rails de guidage 10.These two legs are mounted on a plate of the carriage fitted with rolling members which roll in the guide rails 10.

Le jambage 16 est fixé rigidement à cette platine par un gousset tandis que le jambage 17 est monté en articulation par son extrémité inférieure dans une chape fixée à cette platine. Il est bien évident que ce jambage 17 s'articule à la chape suivant un axe horizontal, transversal à la direction longitudinale du moule.The leg 16 is rigidly fixed to this plate by a gusset while the leg 17 is articulated by its lower end in a yoke fixed to this plate. It is obvious that this leg 17 is articulated to the yoke along a horizontal axis, transverse to the longitudinal direction of the mold.

Pour limiter le mouvement de pivotement de ce jambage 17 dans le sens de l'écartement des éléments de moulage 6, il est prévu une butée 18 montée en fixation sur une joue verticale 19 fixée sur la platine du chariot. Ce chariot est de plus équipé d'une platine supérieure 20 horizontale fixée à la joue 19. Cette platine reçoit en fixation le palier 13A du rouleau 13 qui est disposé entre les deux jambages 16 et 17.To limit the pivoting movement of this leg 17 in the direction of the spacing of the molding elements 6, there is provided a stop 18 mounted for fixing on a vertical cheek 19 fixed on the plate of the carriage. This carriage is furthermore equipped with a horizontal upper plate 20 fixed to the cheek 19. This plate receives in fixing the bearing 13A of the roller 13 which is disposed between the two legs 16 and 17.

Pour soutenir les parois 7 et 8 suivant toute leur longueur les jambages 16 et 17 se présentent sous la forme d'une paroi rectangulaire qui s'étend sous le fond 2 transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du moule.To support the walls 7 and 8 along their entire length, the legs 16 and 17 are in the form of a rectangular wall which extends under the bottom 2 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the mold.

De plus, chaque jambage est monté sur deux chariots mobiles 9.In addition, each leg is mounted on two mobile carriages 9.

Selon cette forme de réalisation, les parois constituant les jambages, sont articulées soit à la paroi 7, soit à la paroi 8 par un système de charnière.According to this embodiment, the walls constituting the legs, are articulated either to the wall 7, or to the wall 8 by a hinge system.

Ainsi les parois constituant les jambages et les parois 7 et 8 sont équipées de charnons régulièrement espacés.Thus the walls constituting the legs and the walls 7 and 8 are equipped with regularly spaced knuckles.

Entre les charnons des jambages, s'engagent les charnons de la paroi 7 ou 8 correspondante et ces différents charnons reçoivent une broche d'assemblage.Between the knuckles of the legs, the knuckles of the corresponding wall 7 or 8 engage and these different knuckles receive an assembly pin.

On conçoit que chaque élément de moulage 6 est soutenu par un jambage 17 monté sur plusieurs chariots 9 qui reçoivent le jambage 16 de soutènement de l'élément 6 postérieur, et est soutenu par un jambage 16 monté sur plusieurs chariots 9 qui reçoivent le jambage 17 de soutènement de l'élément 6 antérieur.It is understood that each molding element 6 is supported by a leg 17 mounted on several carriages 9 which receive the supporting leg 16 of the rear element 6, and is supported by a leg 16 mounted on several carriages 9 which receive the leg 17 to support the anterior element 6.

Cette disposition offre l'avantage de constituer une chaîne de chariot et d'élément 6.This arrangement offers the advantage of constituting a carriage and element chain 6.

Aussi pour écarter les différents éléments 6 les uns des autres il suffit d'exercer une traction sur le premier et/ou sur le dernier élément de la chaîne.Also to separate the different elements 6 from each other it suffices to exert traction on the first and / or on the last element of the chain.

Cet effort de traction se transmet par exemple tout d'abord au jambage 17 du dernier élément de la chaîne et après que cet élément ait pivoté et soit venu en appui sur la butée 18, se transmet à l'avant dernier élément de la chaîne.This tensile force is transmitted for example first of all to the leg 17 of the last element of the chain and after this element has pivoted and has come to bear on the stop 18, is transmitted to the penultimate element of the chain.

Ainsi, les éléments 6 s'écartent les uns des autres de manière successive.Thus, the elements 6 deviate from each other successively.

La longueur de la bande dans le moule, augmente ou diminue selon que les éléments de moulage 6 s'écartent ou au contraire se rapprochent les uns des autres. Pour permettre cette variation de longueur, les tendeurs 12 de la bande sont constitués par des rouleaux tendeurs sur chacun desquels la dite bande est enroulée suivant plusieurs tours. Les rouleaux tendeurs sont actionnés en rotation par des organes moteurs de tout type connu.The length of the strip in the mold increases or decreases depending on whether the molding elements 6 deviate or, on the contrary, approach each other. To allow this variation in length, the tensioners 12 of the strip are constituted by tension rollers on each of which said strip is wound in several turns. The tension rollers are actuated in rotation by drive members of any known type.

Ces rouleaux tendeurs sont actionnés en rotation dans le sens de l'enroulement de la bande lorsque les éléments 6 se rapprochent les uns des autres.These tensioning rollers are actuated in rotation in the direction of the winding of the strip when the elements 6 approach each other.

La rotation de ces rouleaux est interrompue lorsque ces éléments 6 sont pressés les uns contre les autres.The rotation of these rollers is interrupted when these elements 6 are pressed against each other.

A partir de ce moment, ces rouleaux sont bloqués en rotation dans le sens de déroulement de la bande par tous moyens connus, par exemple, par une roue à cliquets.From this moment, these rollers are locked in rotation in the direction of unwinding of the strip by any known means, for example, by a pawl wheel.

Il est bien évident que la rotation des rouleaux est libérée dans le sens du déroulement de la bande lorsque les éléments de moulage 6 s'écartent les uns des autres.It is obvious that the rotation of the rollers is released in the direction of the unwinding of the strip when the molding elements 6 move away from each other.

Comme dit précédemment, chaque élément de moulage 6 est agencé en dièdre, lequel dièdre est constitué par une paroi 7 destinée à former la marche et par une paroi 8 destinée à former la contremarche, la paroi 7 étant articulée à un jambage 17 et la paroi 8 à un jambage 16.As said previously, each molding element 6 is arranged in a dihedral, which dihedral consists of a wall 7 intended to form the step and by a wall 8 intended to form the riser, the wall 7 being articulated to a jamb 17 and the wall 8 to a leg 16.

Pour régler la largeur de marche et pour régler la hauteur de marche, les parois 7 et 8 sont constituées chacune en deux tronçons de paroi, un tronçon contenant 21 et un tronçon contenu 22 monté en coulissement dans le précédent suivant la largeur de la paroi, avec chacun desquels coopère un mécanisme d'actionnement qui force le coulissement du tronçon contenu dans un sens ou dans l'autre de manière à ajuster la largeur de la paroi.To adjust the step width and to adjust the step height, the walls 7 and 8 are each made up of two wall sections, a section containing 21 and a contained section 22 slidably mounted in the previous one according to the width of the wall, each of which cooperates with an actuating mechanism which forces the sliding of the section contained in one direction or the other so as to adjust the width of the wall.

Selon la forme préférentielle de réalisation, le tronçon contenant 21 est articulé au jambage correspondant.According to the preferred embodiment, the section containing 21 is articulated to the corresponding jamb.

Ce tronçon contenant est constitué par deux parois 24, constituant un fourreau.This container section is constituted by two walls 24, constituting a sheath.

Dans ce fourreau, est montée en fixation au moins une pièce métallique 25 qui s'étend suivant la longueur de la paroi.In this sheath, is mounted in attachment at least one metal part 25 which extends along the length of the wall.

Cette pièce métallique comporte au moins deux rampes 26 ménagées en opposition l'une de l'autre.This metal part comprises at least two ramps 26 arranged in opposition to one another.

Le tronçon 22 de paroi présente également au moins deux rampes 27 ménagées en opposition l'une de l'autre qui viennent chacune coopérer avec une rampe 26 de la pièce 25 pour former un espace triangulaire.The wall section 22 also has at least two ramps 27 arranged in opposition to each other which each cooperate with a ramp 26 of the part 25 to form a triangular space.

Dans les deux espaces triangulaires ainsi formés, sont montés deux écarteurs 28 sensiblement triangulaires actionnés en translation en sens inverse l'un de l'autre par une vis manoeuvrable en rotation et bloquée en translation. Les écarts triangulaires 28 et la vis 29 constituent le mécanisme d'actionnement sus évoqué.In the two triangular spaces thus formed, are mounted two substantially triangular spacers 28 actuated in translation in opposite directions from one another by a screw maneuverable in rotation and locked in translation. The triangular gaps 28 and the screw 29 constitute the above-mentioned actuation mechanism.

La vis 29 s'étend dans la paroi 7 ou 8 suivant une direction longitudinale.The screw 29 extends in the wall 7 or 8 in a longitudinal direction.

Cette vis sur une portion de sa longueur comporte un pas de vis à droite tandis que l'autre portion de sa longueur est filetée suivant un pas à gauche.This screw over a portion of its length has a thread on the right while the other portion of its length is threaded in a pitch on the left.

Une portion filetée de cette vis s'engage dans un orifice taraudé ménagé dans un desécarteurs 28 tandis que l'autre portion filetée de la vis s'engage dans un orifice taraudé pratiqué dans l'autre écarteur.A threaded portion of this screw engages in a threaded orifice formed in one of the spacers 28 while the other threaded portion of the screw engages in a threaded orifice made in the other spacer.

Ces écarteurs sont traversés de part en part, par cette vis suivant leur axe longitudinal.These spacers are traversed right through by this screw along their longitudinal axis.

La vis s'engage également dans l'orifice transversal d'un coulisseau 30 guidé en coulissement dans le sens de la largeur de la paroi 7 ou 8 dans deux logements transversaux dont un est pratiqué dans le tronçon contenu 21 et dont l'autre est pratiqué dans la pièce 25.The screw also engages in the transverse orifice of a slide 30 guided in sliding in the width direction of the wall 7 or 8 in two transverse housings, one of which is formed in the contained section 21 and the other of which is practiced in room 25.

Ainsi, lorsque la vis est actionnée en rotation dans un sens, les écarteurs 28 rapprochent l'un de l'autre ou au contraire, s'éloignent.Thus, when the screw is rotated in one direction, the spacers 28 move towards one another or, on the contrary, move away.

Lorsque les écarteurs se rapprochend l'un de l'autre (fig. 3), ceux-ci repoussent dans le sens d'une augmentation de largeur, le tronçon de paroi contenu. De plus comme les écarteurs s'engagent sur les rampes 26, la vis 29 subit un mouvement de translation dirigé dans le sens d'une augmentation de largeur.When the spacers get closer to each other (fig. 3), they push back in the direction of an increase in width, the section of wall contained. In addition as the spacers engage on the ramps 26, the screw 29 undergoes a translational movement directed in the direction of an increase in width.

Le rôle du coulisseau est de guide la vis au cours de ce mouvement.The role of the slide is to guide the screw during this movement.

De préférence, la pièce 25 et le tronçon de paroi contenu comportent chacun quatre rampes régulièrement espacées et le mécanisme d'actionnement comporte quatre écarteurs 29.Preferably, the part 25 and the contained wall section each comprise four regularly spaced ramps and the actuation mechanism comprises four spacers 29.

Il est bien évident que pour régler la largeur des parois 7 ou 8 peut être employé tout autre mécanisme d'actionnement.It is obvious that to adjust the width of the walls 7 or 8 can be used any other actuation mechanism.

Selon une variante, ce mécanisme d'actionnement est constitué par une pluralité de vérins hydrauliques ou électriques, qui sont liés chacun, par tous moyens connus, au tronçon de paroi contenant et au tronçon de paroi contenu.According to a variant, this actuation mechanism is constituted by a plurality of hydraulic or electric jacks, which are each connected, by any known means, to the containing wall section and to the contained wall section.

Pour régler l'angle du nez de marche de manière à ce que cet angle soit droit ou aigu, les parois 7 et 8 de chaque élément de moulage sont articulées l'une à l'autre suivant l'arête du dièdre qu'elle forment et l'écartement entre les axes d'articulation de ces parois aux jambages 16 et 17 est réglable. Par réglage de cet écartement, on modifie l'angle plan du dièdre. La modification de la valeur de cet angle plan conduit à modifier l'angle du nez de marche, cet angle étant formé par une paroi 7 d'un élément et par la paroi 8 de l'élément adjacent.To adjust the angle of the stair nosing so that this angle is straight or acute, the walls 7 and 8 of each molding element are articulated to each other along the edge of the dihedron which they form. and the spacing between the axes of articulation of these walls at the legs 16 and 17 is adjustable. By adjusting this spacing, the plane angle of the dihedral is changed. The modification of the value of this plane angle results in modifying the angle of the stair nosing, this angle being formed by a wall 7 of an element and by the wall 8 of the adjacent element.

Comme l'angle plan du dièdre est égal à l'angle du nez de marche, il suffit seulement de donner à l'angle plan du dièdre la valeur désirée pour l'angle du nez de marche.As the plane angle of the dihedral is equal to the angle of the stair nose, it suffices only to give the plane angle of the dihedral the desired value for the angle of the stair nose.

De préférence, les parois 7 et 8 sont articulées l'une à l'autre par un système du type à charnière comme précédemment décrit.Preferably, the walls 7 and 8 are articulated to each other by a system of the hinged type as previously described.

Pour régler l'écartement des axes d'articulation des parois 7 et 8 aux jambages 16 et 17, il est prévu au moins un bras téléscopique 31 articulé par une de ces extrémités au jambage 17 et par son autre extrémité au jambage 16.To adjust the spacing of the axes of articulation of the walls 7 and 8 to the legs 16 and 17, there is provided at least one telescopic arm 31 articulated by one of these ends to the leg 17 and by its other end to the leg 16.

Ce bras téléscopique est constitué par deux tiges filetées 32 et 33 dont une est articulée au jambage 17 et dont l'autre est articulée au jambage 16.This telescopic arm consists of two threaded rods 32 and 33, one of which is articulated to the jamb 17 and the other of which is articulated to the jamb 16.

Chaque tige filetée présente un pas de vis inverse de celui de l'autre tige. Les tiges filetées coopèrent avec un manchon 34 comportant deux taraudages internes qui coopèrent chacun avec le pas de vis d'une tige filetée.Each threaded rod has a thread opposite to that of the other rod. The threaded rods cooperate with a sleeve 34 comprising two internal threads which each cooperate with the thread of a threaded rod.

Ce manchon est doté d'un moyen d'entraînement en rotation. La rotation du manchon selon un sens de rotation provoque, soit une augmentation de la longueur du bras 31, soit une diminution.This sleeve is provided with a rotary drive means. The rotation of the sleeve in a direction of rotation causes either an increase in the length of the arm 31, or a decrease.

Avantageusement, à chaque élément de moulage 6 sont associés plusieurs bras téléscopiques 31 manoeuvrables simultanément par une même transmission.Advantageously, each molding element 6 is associated with several telescopic arms 31 which can be operated simultaneously by the same transmission.

A titre d'exemple, cette transmission est constituée par une pluralité de pignons dentés 35 calés chacun sur un manchon 34 et par une chaîne 36 qui s'engrène sur chaque pignon denté. De plus le manchon 34 du premier bras téléscopique 31 comporte un volant de manoeuvre 37.By way of example, this transmission consists of a plurality of toothed pinions 35 each wedged on a sleeve 34 and by a chain 36 which meshes on each toothed pinion. In addition, the sleeve 34 of the first telescopic arm 31 includes an operating wheel 37.

Selon une variante, chaque bras 31 est articulé à la rive inférieure des parois 7 et 8.According to a variant, each arm 31 is articulated to the lower edge of the walls 7 and 8.

On conçoit, qu'après réglage des éléments de moulage 6, la longueur du fond du moule soit susceptible de varier dans le sens de l'augmentation ou de la diminution.It is understood that, after adjustment of the molding elements 6, the length of the bottom of the mold is likely to vary in the direction of the increase or decrease.

Lors de cette variation il est nécessaire que les chariots 9 restent toujours sur les rails de guidage. Dans ce but la longueur des rails de guidage correspond à la longueur maximale de l'escalier qui peut être fabriqué avec ce moule.During this variation it is necessary that the carriages 9 always remain on the guide rails. For this purpose the length of the guide rails corresponds to the maximum length of the staircase which can be manufactured with this mold.

De plus lors de cette variation de longueur il est nécessaire que le rouleau tendeur arrière 12 de la bande puisse se déplacer par rapport au châssis 1 du moule.In addition, during this variation in length, it is necessary for the rear tension roller 12 of the strip to be able to move relative to the frame 1 of the mold.

Dans ce but, ce rouleau tendeur est monté sur bâti, non représenté, susceptible de coulisser sur le châssis 1 et de se bloquer à la position voulue.For this purpose, this tension roller is mounted on a frame, not shown, capable of sliding on the frame 1 and of locking in the desired position.

La longueur des parois longitudinales 5 correspond à la largeur maximale de l'escalier qui peut être fabriqué avec le moule.The length of the longitudinal walls 5 corresponds to the maximum width of the staircase which can be produced with the mold.

Avantageusement les parois longitudinales peuvent être réglées en hauteur de manière à ce que la distance entre la rive supérieure de ces parois 5 et le fond 2 du moule corresponde sensiblement à l'épaisseur que doit présenter l'escalier.Advantageously, the longitudinal walls can be adjusted in height so that the distance between the upper edge of these walls 5 and the bottom 2 of the mold corresponds substantially to the thickness which the staircase must have.

Dans ce but, chaque paroi 5 est montée en coulissement sur des jambages 38 articulés au châssis 1 et coopère avec plusieurs systèmes d'entraînement en translation, du type à vis et à écrou, manoeuvrables chacun manuellement par une manivelle ou automatiquement par un organe moteur.For this purpose, each wall 5 is slidably mounted on legs 38 articulated to the chassis 1 and cooperates with several drive systems in translation, of the screw and nut type, each maneuverable manually by a crank or automatically by a drive member. .

A titre d'exemple, l'écrou de chaque système coopère en fixation avec la paroi longitudinale tandis que la vis coopère en guidage en rotation avec le jambage correspondant.By way of example, the nut of each system cooperates in fixing with the longitudinal wall while the screw cooperates in guiding in rotation with the corresponding jamb.

A chacune de ces parois sont associés plusieurs vérins 39.Several jacks 39 are associated with each of these walls.

Ces vérins ont pour but, soit d'appliquer les parois longitudinales contre la rive des éléments de moulage et donc de fermer le moule, soit de les écarter angulairement du fond 2 du moule pour ouvrir ces derniers.The purpose of these jacks is either to apply the longitudinal walls against the bank of the molding elements and therefore to close the mold, or to separate them angularly from the bottom 2 of the mold to open the latter.

Chaque vérin est monté en articulation sur un des jambages de la paroi et sur le châssis 1.Each jack is articulated on one of the legs of the wall and on the frame 1.

Pour renforcer l'étanchéité du moule, la face des parois longitudinales 5 tournée vers l'intérieur du moule, est revêtue d'une feuille 40 d'un matériau souple élastiquement déformable, qui vient se plaquer contre la rive de la bande 11.To reinforce the tightness of the mold, the face of the longitudinal walls 5 facing the inside of the mold is coated with a sheet 40 of a flexible, elastically deformable material, which is pressed against the edge of the strip 11.

Les parois latérales sus evoquées sont de forme complémentaire à celle de l'extrémité de l'escalier.The aforementioned side walls have a shape complementary to that of the end of the staircase.

De préférence, ces parois latérales sont amovibles pour leur remplacement et sont portées chacune sur un support 41. Ce support est constitué par une traverse montée en fixation sur la rive supérieure des parois longitudinales et par une platine verticale solidaire de la dite traverse. Cette platine s'étend vers le bas, au dessus du moule et reçoit en fixation la paroi latérale. Cette paroi latérale constitue en fait un écran qui est disposé transversalement entre les parois longitudinales.Preferably, these side walls are removable for their replacement and are each carried on a support 41. This support is constituted by a cross member fixedly fixed on the upper bank of the longitudinal walls and by a vertical plate integral with said cross member. This plate extends downwards, above the mold and receives the side wall in fixing. This side wall in fact constitutes a screen which is arranged transversely between the longitudinal walls.

Le support 41 d'une des parois latérales, de préférence la paroi arrière 4, peut être déplacé le long des parois longitudinales 5 de manière à pouvoir réaliser un escalier au nombre de marches désiré. Avec ce type d'escalier, il est possible de réaliser un escalier équipé d'un palier.The support 41 of one of the side walls, preferably the rear wall 4, can be moved along the longitudinal walls 5 so as to be able to make a staircase at the desired number of steps. With this type of staircase, it is possible to make a staircase fitted with a landing.

Dans ce but, la bande 11 en partie avant du moule est supportée par un plan incliné 42 d'inclinaison réglable, monté en fixation sur des montants solidaires du bâti. De plus les parois longitudinales 5 reçoivent chacune en fixation, une joue amovible 43 qui se dispose latéralement au plan incliné 41.For this purpose, the strip 11 in the front part of the mold is supported by an inclined plane 42 of adjustable inclination, mounted in fixing on uprights integral with the frame. In addition, the longitudinal walls 5 each receive a fixing, a removable cheek 43 which is arranged laterally at the inclined plane 41.

Il est bien évident que pour mouler le palier, la paroi latérale avant et son support sont retirés du moule.It is obvious that to mold the bearing, the front side wall and its support are removed from the mold.

La bande 11 au delà du palier s'enroule sur le rouleau tendeur avant 12.The strip 11 beyond the bearing is wound on the front tension roller 12.

Ce rouleau tendeur est supporté par un bâti 44 monté en fixation sur le châssis 1.This tension roller is supported by a frame 44 mounted for fixing on the chassis 1.

Comme dit précédemment, il est prévu des vérins 14 pour forcer les éléments de moulage à venir en pression les uns contre les autres. Ces vérins 14 agissent sur les élément de moulage extrêmes par l'intermédiaire d'un palonnier.As said previously, there are cylinders 14 to force the molding elements to come into pressure against each other. These jacks 14 act on the extreme molding element by means of a lifter.

Le moule selon l'invention permet la fabrication d'escalier de différentes dimensions et est particulièrement étanche. De plus, ce moule peut être utilisé pour la fabrication des limons. Dans ce but le moule reçoit des écrans verticaux, longitudinaux, dont la rive inférieure épouse le profil du fond 2 du moule.The mold according to the invention allows the manufacture of stairs of different dimensions and is particularly waterproof. In addition, this mold can be used for the manufacture of stringers. For this purpose, the mold receives vertical, longitudinal screens, the lower edge of which follows the profile of the bottom 2 of the mold.

On a précédemment décrit un moule destiné au moulage à plat, mais il est bien évident que les aménagements précédemment décrits pourraient être utilisés sur un moule pour le moulage vertical.A mold intended for flat molding has previously been described, but it is obvious that the arrangements described above could be used on a mold for vertical molding.

Il va de soi que la présente invention peut recevoir tous aménagements et toutes variantes sans pour autant sortir du cadre du présent brevet.It goes without saying that the present invention can receive all arrangements and all variants without departing from the scope of this patent.

Claims (16)

1. Adjustable mould for the manufacture of concrete items e.g staircases consisting of a frame (1) on which the following parts are mounted: a base (2), a front lateral panel, a back lateral panel (4) and two longitudinal panels (5) the said base being formed by juxtaposed V-shaped moulding units (6), the V being made up of a panel (7) intended to form the step and another panel (8) intended to form the riser, each moulding unit (6) is supported by a mobile trolley (9) on horizontal racks running lengthwise to the mould (10) and mounted on the frame (1 ), characteristic in that a flexible, concrete-impervious strip (11) is pulled between stretchers (12) fixed to each end of the mould and is forced to cover and tightly fit the shape of the base (2) of the mould by rollers (13) mounted underneath the base each one between two elements (6), and by being pinched between the two moulds when the latter are held together by jacks (14).
2. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the lower edge of the panels (7) and (8) of each mould are on the same horizontal plane.
3. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that each mobile trolley has two leg assemblies (16) and (17) of which one (16) is fixed to the trolley and holds the lower edge of the panel (8) of one of the moulds, and the other (17) which is mobile and pivots on the trolley holds the lower edge of the panel (7) of the adjacent mould, these said moulds are in contact with each other at the lower edges of aforementioned panels (7) and (8).
4. Adjustable mould as in claim 3, characterized by the fact that the legs (16) and (17) are rectangular panels which spread underneath the base (2) at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the mould and each leg is mounted on several trolleys.
5. Adjustable mould as in claims 1 and 4, characterized by the fact that each mould (6) is supported by a leg (17) mounted on several trolleys (9) and which hold the support leg (16) of the back mould and is supported by another leg (16) mounted on several trolleys (9) which hold the support leg (17) of the mould behind (6) so as to form a chain of trolleys (9) and moulds (6).
6. Adjustable mould as in claim 1 including a strip (11) pulled by stretchers (12), characterized by the fact that these stretchers are stretcher pulleys and the strip is wound several times around these pulleys.
7. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the flexible strip (11) is first applied to the panel (7) of the mould then crosses to panel (8) of the same mould, winds round roller (13) under the edge of the panel (8) and is then applied to panel (7) of the adjoining mould.
8. Adjustable mould as in claim 7, characterized by the fact that the strip (11) in between two adjoining moulds and under the base (2) forms a loop (11 a) which is closed at the lower edge of panels (8) and (7) when the two moulds are pressed together.
9. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that each panel (7) or (8) of the mould (6) is made up of two compartments, one outer compartment (21) and one inner compartment (22) which is slid into the former depending on the width of the panel, each being worked by a mechanism which forces the inner compartment in one direction or the other to adjust the width of the panel.
10. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that panels (7) and (8) of each mould are hinged to one another, along the edge of the V they form and the gaps between the hinge axes of these panels and legs (16) and (17) are adjustable.
11. Adjustable mould as in claim 10, characterized by the fact that the gaps between the articulation axes of panels (7) and (8) legs (16) and (17) are adjusted by means of a telescopic arm (31).
12. Adjustable mould as in claim 11, characterized by the fact that panels (7) and (8) are connected to several telescopic arms (31) to enable simultaneous manoeuvering during the same transmission.
13. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that each longitudinal panel facing the interior of the mould is covered by a flexible elastic layer (40) which is flattened against the edges of the moulds (6) and against the edge of the strip (11).
14. Adjustable mould as in claim 1 for the manufacture of a staircase with stairhead, characterized by the fact that the strip (11) at the front of the mould is fixed to an adjustable slanting plane mounted on permanent fixtures on the frame and the longitudinal panels (6) each have a detachable head which is at right angles to the slanting plane.
15. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that between each mould (6) there is an angle mould (15) or a submerged component.
16. Adjustable mould as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least one of the lateral panels is held by a support made up of a cross piece fixed to the upper edge of the longitudinal panels (5) and by a vertical plate fixed to the said cross piece, the said plate is attached to the lateral panel but can be detached from it, and the said support moved along the longitudinal panels.
EP86450003A 1985-01-31 1986-01-20 Adjustable mould for making concrete elements, for example staircase units Expired EP0191711B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86450003T ATE40071T1 (en) 1985-01-31 1986-01-20 ADJUSTABLE FORMWORK FOR MAKING CONCRETE ELEMENTS, SUCH AS STAIRS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8501480 1985-01-31
FR8501480A FR2576830B1 (en) 1985-01-31 1985-01-31 ADJUSTABLE MOLD FOR MANUFACTURING CONCRETE ELEMENTS, FOR EXAMPLE ON STAIRS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0191711A1 EP0191711A1 (en) 1986-08-20
EP0191711B1 true EP0191711B1 (en) 1989-01-18

Family

ID=9315888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86450003A Expired EP0191711B1 (en) 1985-01-31 1986-01-20 Adjustable mould for making concrete elements, for example staircase units

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4714231A (en)
EP (1) EP0191711B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE40071T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3661804D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8706511A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2576830B1 (en)
PT (1) PT81936B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008033037A1 (en) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-20 Any Step Technologies Limited Stair forming apparatus and related methods
CN102950641A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-06 邰富刚 Reinforced concrete tread forming machine

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2660234A1 (en) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-04 Monfray Jean Yves Adjustable mould for prefabricating staircases
JPH11504583A (en) * 1996-02-27 1999-04-27 ターマック ヘビイ ビルディング マテリアルズ ユーケー リミテッド Apparatus and method for forming stairs
GB2347106B (en) * 1999-02-23 2003-07-02 Tarmac Uk Ltd Apparatus for moulding a staircase
US20070096369A1 (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-03 Fox Stone, Inc. Methods and apparatus for the separation of molded products from flexible mold pieces
US8262055B2 (en) * 2006-09-12 2012-09-11 Any Step Technology Limited Stair forming apparatus and related methods
US7780905B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2010-08-24 Pcc Airfoils, Inc. Supporting ceramic articles during firing
CN113183289B (en) * 2021-05-06 2022-06-17 吉林建筑大学 Prefabricated building stair mould platform of assembled
CN113459256B (en) * 2021-07-16 2022-07-15 江苏和天下节能科技股份有限公司 Sectional type clapper die spotting press for PC wallboard mould
CN113752367B (en) * 2021-09-24 2022-11-08 辽宁龙星环保科技有限公司 Green manufacturing mold for prefabricated staircase and processing method of prefabricated staircase

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GB581676A (en) * 1945-01-11 1946-10-21 Wight Mfg Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to moulds for use in casting concrete or like material
DE869765C (en) * 1950-12-01 1953-03-09 Walther Dobermann Adjustable mold for the production of concrete parts
FR1211716A (en) * 1958-10-02 1960-03-17 Stup Procedes Freyssinet Casting process and mold for concrete body
US3492384A (en) * 1964-07-10 1970-01-27 4D Research & Dev Co Ltd Method of moulding materials
DE1934586A1 (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-04-22 Hermann Walka Universal staircase steel formwork
DE2243250C3 (en) * 1972-09-02 1982-03-11 Heinrich 7434 Riederich Druba Mold for making concrete flights of stairs

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008033037A1 (en) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-20 Any Step Technologies Limited Stair forming apparatus and related methods
CN102950641A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-06 邰富刚 Reinforced concrete tread forming machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3661804D1 (en) 1989-02-23
ES551534A0 (en) 1987-07-01
FR2576830B1 (en) 1987-04-17
US4714231A (en) 1987-12-22
ES8706511A1 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0191711A1 (en) 1986-08-20
PT81936B (en) 1991-03-20
ATE40071T1 (en) 1989-02-15
FR2576830A1 (en) 1986-08-08
PT81936A (en) 1986-07-17

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