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EP0183247A2 - Hochdruckmetallhalogenidbogenlampe mit Xenonpuffergas - Google Patents

Hochdruckmetallhalogenidbogenlampe mit Xenonpuffergas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0183247A2
EP0183247A2 EP85115070A EP85115070A EP0183247A2 EP 0183247 A2 EP0183247 A2 EP 0183247A2 EP 85115070 A EP85115070 A EP 85115070A EP 85115070 A EP85115070 A EP 85115070A EP 0183247 A2 EP0183247 A2 EP 0183247A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
arc
xenon
arc tube
buffer gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85115070A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0183247A3 (de
Inventor
James Thomas Dakin
Peter Dexter Johnson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP0183247A2 publication Critical patent/EP0183247A2/de
Publication of EP0183247A3 publication Critical patent/EP0183247A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/825—High-pressure sodium lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to high efficacy high pressure metal halide arc discharge lamps and more specifically to the use of xenon buffer gas at high pressure in a sodium iodide arc discharge lamp.
  • the radiated light output is derived from a plasma arc discharge within an arc tube.
  • the metal halide lamp includes a metal halide, such as sodium iodide, which is vaporized and dissociated in the plasma arc during lamp operation.
  • sodium iodide sodium iodide
  • the self-absorption characteristics of cooler sodium atoms distributed preferentially near the cooler arc tube walls would act to limit lamp efficacy.
  • sodium D-line radiation produced within the hot central plasma region of the arc tube would be readily absorbed by the cooler sodium atoms which would be present near the arc tube walls.
  • the disclosed fill in a high pressure metal halide arc lamp for supporting a plasma discharge comprising sodium iodide and xenon in a sufficient quantity to limit chemical transport of energy from the plasma discharge to the walls of the arc tube.
  • the fill may be comprised of sodium iodide and possibly another metal halide, and xenon may be present in sufficient quantity to provide a partial pressure in the range of about 60 torr and higher at room temperature or about 600 torr and higher at the operating temperature of the lamp.
  • the present invention further contemplates a high intensity metal halide arc discharge lamp comprising an outer light transmissive envelope, a light transmissive arc discharge tube with electrodes at opposite ends of the arc tube and means to provide electrical connections to the electrodes.
  • a vaporizable discharge medium is disposed within the arc tube, and includes sodium iodide together with xenon buffer gas in sufficient quantity to limit chemical transport of energy from the plasma discharge to the walls of the arc tube.
  • the discharge medium may further contain a second metal halide.
  • FIG. 1 shows a high intensity arc discharge lamp comprising an outer light transmissive envelope 11.
  • This outer envelope preferably comprises a material such as heat resistant glass or silica.
  • the lamp also comprises a light transmissive arc discharge tube 10 which has electrodes disposed internally at opposite ends thereof.
  • Arc discharge tube 10 is typically configured in a cylindrical shape and must be resistant to attack by the materials employed in a gaseous discharge medium 40 contained within the arc tube.
  • arc discharge tube 10 preferably comprises a refractory ceramic material such as sintered polycrystalline alumina, or may comprise fused quartz.
  • Arc discharge tube 10 may have an internal diameter of about 5 to 20 millimeters and an arc gap of 50 to 150 millimeters, for example.
  • the volume between arc discharge tube 10 and outer envelope 11 is generally evacuated to prevent efficacy robbing heat losses from arc tube 10.
  • Getter material 23 may be disposed on the interior of outer envelope 11 to assist in maintaining vacuum conditions in the volume between arc tube 10 and outer envelope 11.
  • supporting wire conductors 14 and 15 provide part of a means for connecting the arc tube electrodes 41 and 42 to external connections.
  • Supporting wire conductor 15 extends upward through the vacuum region of the lamp and is preferably welded to a hexagonal bracing washer or ring 13 which is disposed about a dimple 12 provided in the end of outer envelope 11 to furnish support for arc discharge tube 10.
  • Lateral support wire 21 is preferably spot welded to an arc tube termination lead 25 and to supporting wire conductor 15.
  • a lateral support 16 is spot welded to supporting wire conductor 14 and to a lower arc tube termination 24 so as not only to support arc tube 10 but also to supply electrical current to the electrodes therein.
  • current through the gaseous discharge medium 40 typically follows a path defined by the following components: supporting wire conductor 14, lower lateral support 16, lower arc tube termination 24, lower electrode 41, gaseous discharge medium 40, the upper electrode 42, upper arc tube termination 25, lateral support wire 21, and supporting wire conductor 15.
  • Supporting wire conductors 14 and 15 are separately connected to either of external screw base connection 17 or center exterior contact 19 on edison base 20. Insulating material 18 separates base connection 17 and exterior contact 19.
  • the lamp shown in Figure 1 further includes heat shields 30 disposed about the ends of arc tube 10.
  • heat shields 30 disposed about the ends of arc tube 10. These heat conserving end shields, made of heat reflecting material to minimize heat radiation from the ends of arc tube 10, are employed because metal halide lamps require a high temperature to maintain desired vapor pressures of the lamp fill ingredients.
  • the spectral output of a conventional sodium iodide arc lamp with mercury buffer gas is shown in Figure 2.
  • This spectrum was obtained from a lamp wherein arc tube 10 was made of polycrystalline alumina and had a diameter (bore) of .72 cm and a distance between electrodes (arc gap) of 8.7 cm.
  • Arc tube 10 was dosed with 30 mg sodium iodide, 12 mg of mercury, and xenon at a partial pressure of 20 torr at room temperature as a starting gas.
  • This lamp was operated at a lamp power of 550 watts and obtained an efficacy of 64 lumens per watt.
  • the sodium D-line spectrum (in the vicinity of 60 nanometers) is broadened to red, longer wavelengths by the mercury buffer gas.
  • the lamp radiance slopes off slowly as wavelength increases above the sodium D-line peak.
  • gaseous discharge medium or fill 40 comprises sodium iodide and may also include a second metal halide.
  • fill 40 also includes xenon buffer gas.
  • xenon buffer gas The use of xenon as a buffer gas in the described lamp requires high buffer gas pressures. Due to the high breakdown voltage of high pressure xenon a somewhat more energetic arc starting mechanism is required than if mercury buffer gas is employed.
  • sodium iodide with xenon buffer gas in the present invention achieves best results with high cold spot temperatures, i.e. the temperature at the cooler arc tube walls, in order to achieve a sodium vapor pressure in the arc of about 10 to 100 torr.
  • the chemical inertness, high excitation and ionization potentials, high atomic weight and large cross section for atom-to-atom collisions of xenon improve the efficacy of sodium iodide arc discharge lamps with respect to the use of mercury buffer gas.
  • the use of high pressure xenon buffer gas results in an improved sodium-iodine atomic ratio throughout the plasma arc so as to facilitate molecular bonding to form sodium iodide, with reduced free atomic sodium in those parts of the arc tube near the walls and ends which are at cooler temperatures.
  • the spectral output of a lamp with a fill according to the present invention is shown in Figure 3.
  • a lamp with identical dimensions to the lamp producing the spectrum of Figure 2 (.72 cm bore and 8.7 cm arc gap) was dosed with an equal amount of sodium iodide (30 mg).
  • this lamp contained no mercury and contained xenon at a partial pressure of 250 torr at room temperature.
  • this lamp was operated at 500 watts, it achieved an efficacy of 100 lumens per watt (50 percent higher than the lamp with mercury buffer gas) and produced the spectrum shown in Figure 3 which demonstrates a much more desirable D-line output.
  • sodium D-line radiation is broadened to the blue, more efficacious wavelengths, due to the effect of xenon buffer gas.
  • arc tube 10 has a bore of 1.2 cm, an arc gap of 8 cm, and is filled with 100 mg of sodium iodide and xenon at a partial pressure of 300 torr at room temperature.
  • arc tube 10 had an internal diameter or bore of .72 cm.
  • the arc gap or distance between electrodes was 8.7 cm.
  • Arc tube 10 contained 18 milligrams of sodium iodide and a xenon partial pressure of 326 torr at room temperature. This lamp produced 107 lumens per watt at a lamp power of 550 watts.
  • Another arc tube with a bore of .72 cm and an arc gap of 8.7 cm was filled with 30 milligrams sodium iodide and xenon at a partial pressure of 120 torr at room temperature. Running this lamp at 500 watts lamp power produced 108 lumens per watt.
  • Another lamp having an arc tube 10 with a .72 cm bore and an arc gap of 8.7 cm was filled with 30 milligrams of sodium iodide and xenon at a partial pressure of 600 torr at room temperature. Running this lamp at 550 watts lamp power produced an efficacy of 134 lumens per watt.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
EP85115070A 1984-11-29 1985-11-27 Hochdruckmetallhalogenidbogenlampe mit Xenonpuffergas Withdrawn EP0183247A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67636784A 1984-11-29 1984-11-29
US676367 1984-11-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183247A2 true EP0183247A2 (de) 1986-06-04
EP0183247A3 EP0183247A3 (de) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=24714218

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115070A Withdrawn EP0183247A3 (de) 1984-11-29 1985-11-27 Hochdruckmetallhalogenidbogenlampe mit Xenonpuffergas

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0183247A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS61142654A (de)
BR (1) BR8506070A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207333A1 (de) * 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 General Electric Company Elektrodenfreie Hochdrucknatriumiodidbogenlampe
FR2621736A1 (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-04-14 Gen Electric High-efficiency electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp
GB2210498A (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-06-07 Gen Electric Electrodeless discharge lamp
GB2237927A (en) * 1989-11-08 1991-05-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd High intensity discharge lamp
EP0542467A1 (de) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-19 General Electric Company Lichtbogenkammer für eine Lampe die eine im wesentlichen quecksilberfreie Füllung enthält
US5256940A (en) * 1989-11-08 1993-10-26 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. High intensity discharge lamp device
EP0834905A2 (de) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Natriumhochdrucklampe kleiner Leistung
EP0837492A3 (de) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Entladungslampe hoher Intensität mit einer Xenon enthaltende Füllung unter mittlerem Druck
WO2005062341A2 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Metal halide lamp and luminaire
WO2007023227A2 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Claranor Lampe adaptee a la decontamination microbioloqique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11238488A (ja) 1997-06-06 1999-08-31 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp メタルハライド放電ランプ、メタルハライド放電ランプ点灯装置および照明装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2147094A1 (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-03-09 Holobeam Long-arc gas discharge lamp - contg metal lic vapour besides inert gas, for high light yield
JPS56143650A (en) * 1980-04-08 1981-11-09 Toshiba Corp Metal halide lamp

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2147094A1 (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-03-09 Holobeam Long-arc gas discharge lamp - contg metal lic vapour besides inert gas, for high light yield
JPS56143650A (en) * 1980-04-08 1981-11-09 Toshiba Corp Metal halide lamp

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 10, no. 11, November 1971, pages 2517-2520, New York, US; C.F. GALLO: "Continuum emission spectra form long linear xenon discharge lamps with metallic halide additives" *
JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY, vol. 11, no. 3, April 1982, pages 140-146, New York, US; T. ISHIGAMI et al.: "The effect of rare gases on the luminous efficacy of metal halide lamps" *
JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY, vol. 11, no. 4, July 1982, pages 231-240, New York, US; K. OTANI et al.: "A high pressure sodium lamp with improved color rendition" *
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, vol. 54, no. 4, April 1964, pages 532-540, G.H. REILING: "Characteristics of mercury vapor-metallic iodide arc lamps" *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 21 (E-93)[899], 6th February 1982; & JP-A-56 143 650 (TOKYO SHIBAURA DENKI K.K.) 09-11-1981 *
PHILIPS TECHNICAL REVIEW, vol. 39, no. 8, 1980, Eindhoven, NL; C.A.J. JACOBS et al.: "A new generation of high-pressure sodium lamps" *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207333A1 (de) * 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 General Electric Company Elektrodenfreie Hochdrucknatriumiodidbogenlampe
GB2210498B (en) * 1987-10-01 1992-03-25 Gen Electric High efficacy electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp
FR2621736A1 (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-04-14 Gen Electric High-efficiency electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp
GB2210498A (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-06-07 Gen Electric Electrodeless discharge lamp
BE1003235A3 (fr) * 1987-10-01 1992-02-04 Gen Electric Lampe sans electrodes, a decharge, de grande intensite et a grande efficacite.
GB2237927B (en) * 1989-11-08 1994-09-21 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd High intensity discharge lamp device
US5256940A (en) * 1989-11-08 1993-10-26 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. High intensity discharge lamp device
GB2237927A (en) * 1989-11-08 1991-05-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd High intensity discharge lamp
EP0542467A1 (de) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-19 General Electric Company Lichtbogenkammer für eine Lampe die eine im wesentlichen quecksilberfreie Füllung enthält
US6051927A (en) * 1996-10-02 2000-04-18 Patent-Truehand-Gesellschaft Fuer Elektrische Gluelampen Mbh High pressure sodium lamp of low power
EP0834905A3 (de) * 1996-10-02 1998-06-03 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Natriumhochdrucklampe kleiner Leistung
EP0834905A2 (de) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Natriumhochdrucklampe kleiner Leistung
EP0837492A3 (de) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Entladungslampe hoher Intensität mit einer Xenon enthaltende Füllung unter mittlerem Druck
WO2005062341A2 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Metal halide lamp and luminaire
WO2005062341A3 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-10-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Metal halide lamp and luminaire
US7348730B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2008-03-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Metal halide lamp and luminaire
WO2007023227A2 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Claranor Lampe adaptee a la decontamination microbioloqique
FR2890233A1 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-02 Claranor Soc Par Actions Simpl Lampe adaptee a la decontamination microbiologique
WO2007023227A3 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-05-10 Claranor Lampe adaptee a la decontamination microbioloqique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8506070A (pt) 1986-08-19
JPS61142654A (ja) 1986-06-30
EP0183247A3 (de) 1988-10-19

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Inventor name: DAKIN, JAMES THOMAS

Inventor name: JOHNSON, PETER DEXTER