EP0164534B1 - Process for bleaching cotton-containing fabrics with hypochlorite at elevated temperatures - Google Patents
Process for bleaching cotton-containing fabrics with hypochlorite at elevated temperatures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0164534B1 EP0164534B1 EP85104913A EP85104913A EP0164534B1 EP 0164534 B1 EP0164534 B1 EP 0164534B1 EP 85104913 A EP85104913 A EP 85104913A EP 85104913 A EP85104913 A EP 85104913A EP 0164534 B1 EP0164534 B1 EP 0164534B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bleaching
- hypochlorite
- cotton
- elevated temperatures
- minutes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012476 oxidizable substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/Cl)C=O LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000219422 Urtica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N mucochloric acid Natural products OC1OC(=O)C(Cl)=C1Cl ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTBSYETUWUMLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Erythrose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C=O YTBSYETUWUMLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBSCHQHZLSJFNQ-GASJEMHNSA-N D-Glucose 6-phosphate Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NBSCHQHZLSJFNQ-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTBSYETUWUMLBZ-IUYQGCFVSA-N D-erythrose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O YTBSYETUWUMLBZ-IUYQGCFVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010056474 Erythrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFRROHXSMXFLSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glc6P Natural products OP(=O)(O)OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O VFRROHXSMXFLSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N L-(-)-Sorbose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroisocyanuric acid Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Cl)C1=O CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004585 etidronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
- D06L4/22—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents
- D06L4/23—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents using hypohalogenites
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
- D06L4/21—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen combined with specific additives
Definitions
- Cotton fabrics and blends containing cotton are bleached in the textile industry mainly with hydrogen peroxide or with hypochlorite. Under certain circumstances, both bleaching processes are used in succession.
- Hypochlorite bleaching is usually carried out at room temperatures of 20 to 25 ° C and a pH of 9.5 to 12. The duration of the treatment varies between 20 minutes and several hours, depending on the amount of active chlorine used.
- hypochlorite has a more or less damaging effect on cotton fibers, depending on the conditions.
- the manual of textile auxiliaries from Chwala / Angerer, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim-New York, 1977, pages 343/344 clearly shows that technical textile bleaching with sodium hypochlorite is carried out at temperatures of 35 ° C or less and within a pH range from 9.5 to 12 must be worked to keep the fiber damage as low as possible. Increasing the temperature by 10 ° C doubles the bleaching speed, but also causes greater fiber damage.
- hypochlorite bleach can be combined with a subsequent hydrogen peroxide bleach in order to obtain a special degree of whiteness and high absorbency.
- the alkaline peroxide solution first removes the remaining hypochlorous acid, the chloramines formed from accompanying substances in the cotton, in order to then develop their actual bleaching effect. Fiber protection agents are essential.
- the object of the invention is to demonstrate a bleaching process with hypochlorite which can be carried out at higher temperatures.
- a process has now been found for bleaching cotton and cotton-containing fabrics or yarns with hypochlorite in alkaline aqueous liquors at higher temperatures, which is characterized in that the bleaching is carried out at temperatures from 80 to 110 ° C. within 30 seconds to 25 minutes in the presence from 0.5 to 20 g / l of a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound which is stable to hypochlorite at room temperature and easily oxidized in the heat.
- the invention lies in the combination of hypochlorite or hypochlorite-releasing compounds with an easily oxidizable substance and the unforeseeable effect lies in particular in the fact that higher alkali concentrations, for example from 8 to 60 g / l of sodium hydroxide, can be carried out as previously, without the fibers are damaged and the bleaching effect is not lost.
- Cotton-containing fabric should be understood to mean pure cotton and in particular polyester blended fabrics with a cotton content of at least 20%. Of course, the corresponding yarns are also included.
- Alkali hypochlorite in particular sodium hypochlorite, and also compounds which split off hypochlorite, such as dichloro- and trichloroisocyanurate, are used as hypochlorite.
- the bleaching liquors contain 1 to 8, preferably 2 to 6 g of active chlorine / 1 or the amount that this amount of active chlorine can release.
- the alkaline aqueous liquors according to the bleaching process according to the invention expediently have a pH of at least 10.
- This pH range is expediently set by adding alkali metal hydroxide, in particular sodium hydroxide, generally in an amount of 8 to 60 g / l, preferably 10 to 25 g / l.
- the liquors optionally contain 5 to 15 g / l of alkali carbonate, preferably sodium carbonate.
- the entire fleet is generally advantageously about 100% by weight, based on the weight of the fabric.
- a special feature of the method according to the invention is that it is carried out at temperatures from 80 to 110 ° C.
- the preferred temperature range is from 90 to 103 ° C.
- Another special feature is the implementation of the bleaching process in the presence of a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound, which is stable to hypochlorite in the cold and at room temperature and easily oxidized in the heat, i. H. with the hypochlorite reacts faster than this with the cellulose units of the cotton.
- polyhydroxy compounds with an a-hydroxycarbonyl group are excellent from the series of mono-, and oligosaccharides and the series of a-hydroxycarboxylic acids and their derivatives.
- Polyols such as mannitol, sorbitol, glucitol, glycerol and polyglycerol, and mucochloric acid can also be used.
- Particularly preferred polyhydroxy compounds to be used according to the invention are glucose, cane sugar and hydroxyacetone.
- the polyhydroxy compounds are added to the bleaching liquors in an amount of 0.5 to 20 g / l, preferably 1.5 to 10 g / l.
- the term easily oxidizable is intended to encompass the gradations relatively stable in the cold to hypochlorite and increasing redox potential with increasing alkali concentration and increasing temperature. It is only through this interaction that work can be carried out in the temperature range according to the invention, which was previously not accessible for an industrial textile bleaching process.
- a particularly noteworthy advantage is that in the bleaching process according to the invention the active chlorine has a very short half-life. As a rule, all active chlorine is used up within the temperature range according to the invention after one minute and is no longer detectable even on the tissue.
- the method according to the invention is advantageously carried out within 30 seconds to 25 minutes, preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
- the short half-life has the advantage that, for example when the machine is at a standstill, there can be no damage to the tissue due to a longer oxidation time.
- peroxides there is no need for stabilization measures, as are common with peroxides, and a much lower sensitivity to contamination should be emphasized with heavy metal.
- the usual steaming units are useful as a device for the execution.
- the usual additives for bleaching liquors such as the addition of surfactants as wetting agents and detergents, are expediently used in an amount of 3.0 to 10 g / l and of which alkylphenol ethoxylates with 5 to 10 ethylene oxide units and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with approximately the same degree of ethoxylation are particularly named be.
- additives relate, for example, to the water hardness of oxidation-stable sequestering agents, which can additionally increase the whiteness. Hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid is particularly suitable for this.
- the tissue pieces were enzymatically desized and then washed out.
- the next pre-treatment step is an alkaline decoction (conditions: 40 g / l NaOH, 10 g / l decoction aid, liquor absorption: 100%, time and temperature: 10 minutes at 100 ° C).
- the fabric pieces were then soaked in bleaching liquor and squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100%.
- Polyester / cotton fabric (50/50), desized and boiled with a Tegewa value of 7 to 8, a whiteness of 71.5 (Elrepho units) and a DP value of 2100.
- Bleaching liquor 10 g sodium hydroxide / i, 5 g / l surfactant, 2.5 g / l active chlorine in the form of sodium hypochlorite.
- Treatment time 2 minutes at 100 ° C.
- Bleaching liquor 10 g sodium hydroxide / l, 5 g / l surfactant, 3.0 g / l active chlorine in the form of dichloroisocyanate.
- Treatment time 2 minutes at 103 ° C.
- Treatment time 3 minutes at 100 ° C.
- Cotton shirt poplin desized (Tegewa value 7-8) and boiled, with a whiteness of 70.5 and a DP value of 2500.
- Bleaching liquor 8.5 g / l NaOH, 5 g / l surfactant, 2.5 g / l active chlorine in the form of sodium hypochlorite, 3.5 g / l glucose.
- Cotton raincoat poplin desized (Tegewa value: 6-7), boiled, with a whiteness of 68 and a DP value of 2220.
- Bleaching liquor 15 g / l NaOH, 7 g / l surfactant, 4 g / l active chlorine in the form of chlorine solution, 6 g / l maltose.
- Treatment time 90 seconds at 103 ° C.
- Cotton nettle desized (Tegewa value: 7), boiled, with a whiteness of 69 and a DP value of 2320.
- Bleaching liquor 10 g / l NaOH, 7 g / l surfactant, 3 g / l active chlorine in the form of bleach.
- Treatment time 1 minute at 101 ° C.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Baumwollgewebe und baumwollhaltige Mischgewebe werden in der Textilindustrie überwiegend mit Wasserstoffperoxid oder aber auch mit Hypochlorit gebleicht. Unter Umständen werden auch beide Bleichverfahren nacheinander angewandt.Cotton fabrics and blends containing cotton are bleached in the textile industry mainly with hydrogen peroxide or with hypochlorite. Under certain circumstances, both bleaching processes are used in succession.
Die Hypochloritbleiche wird in der Regel bei Raumtemperaturen von 20 bis 25 °C und einem pH-Wert von 9,5 bis 12 durchgeführt. Die Dauer der Behandlung schwankt dabei etwa zwischen 20 Minuten und mehreren Stunden, je nach der Menge des eingesetzten Aktivchlors.Hypochlorite bleaching is usually carried out at room temperatures of 20 to 25 ° C and a pH of 9.5 to 12. The duration of the treatment varies between 20 minutes and several hours, depending on the amount of active chlorine used.
Es ist dem Fachmann bekannt, daß Hypochlorit je nach den Bedingungen mehr oder weniger schädigend auf Baumwollfasern wirkt. So geht beispielsweise aus dem Handbuch der Textilhilfsmittel von Chwala/Angerer, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim-New York, 1977, Seiten 343/344 klar hervor, daß bei der technischen Textilbleiche mit Natriumhypochlorit bei Temperaturen von höchstens 35 °C und innerhalb eines pH-Bereichs von 9,5 bis 12 gearbeitet werden muß, um die Faserschädigungen möglichst gering zu halten. Erhöhung der Temperatur um 10 °C bewirkt zwar Verdoppelung der Bleichgeschwindigkeit, aber auch stärkere Faserschädigung.It is known to the person skilled in the art that hypochlorite has a more or less damaging effect on cotton fibers, depending on the conditions. For example, the manual of textile auxiliaries from Chwala / Angerer, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim-New York, 1977, pages 343/344 clearly shows that technical textile bleaching with sodium hypochlorite is carried out at temperatures of 35 ° C or less and within a pH range from 9.5 to 12 must be worked to keep the fiber damage as low as possible. Increasing the temperature by 10 ° C doubles the bleaching speed, but also causes greater fiber damage.
Weiterhin wird ausgeführt, daß für Weißware aus Baumwolle die Hypochloritbleiche mit einer anschließenden Wasserstoffperoxidbleiche kombiniert werden kann, um einen besonderen Weißgrad und hohe Saugfähigkeit zu erhalten. Die alkalische Peroxidlösung entfernt dabei zunächst auf reduktivem Wege die restliche unterchlorige Säure, die aus Begleitsubstanzen der Baumwolle gebildeten Chloramine, um dann ihre eigentliche Bleichwirkung zu entfalten. Dabei sind Faserschutzmittel unbedingt erforderlich.Furthermore, it is stated that for white goods made of cotton, the hypochlorite bleach can be combined with a subsequent hydrogen peroxide bleach in order to obtain a special degree of whiteness and high absorbency. The alkaline peroxide solution first removes the remaining hypochlorous acid, the chloramines formed from accompanying substances in the cotton, in order to then develop their actual bleaching effect. Fiber protection agents are essential.
Eine strenge Überwachung der Bleichbedingungen für eine einwandfreie Chlorbleiche, d. h. pH von 9 bis 11,5, Temperatur der Bleichbäder nicht höher als 20 °C, laufende Kontrolle des Alkaligehalts und des Bleichmittelverbrauchs wird ebenso im Lehrbuch der Textilchemie einschließlich der textilchemischen Technologie, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg, 1963, S. 65-77, empfohlen.Strict monitoring of the bleaching conditions for proper chlorine bleaching, i. H. pH from 9 to 11.5, temperature of the bleaching baths not higher than 20 ° C, ongoing control of the alkali content and bleach consumption is also in the textbook of textile chemistry including textile chemical technology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg, 1963, p. 65-77, recommended.
Eigene Versuche haben ergeben, daß man entschlichtetes Baumwollgewebe im sodaalkalischen Bereich bei einem pH-Wert von 10 bis 13 in einer Kurzzeitreaktion von etwa 30 Sekunden bis 20 Minuten bei Temperaturen von 90 bis 105 °C zwar gut bleichen kann, aber damit in Übereinstimmung mit dem Stand der Technik eine deutliche Schädigung der Fasern verbunden ist, wie ein stark erniedrigter DP-Wert (durchschnittlicher Polymerisationsgrad der Cellulosemoleküle der Baumwolle) zeigt.Our own experiments have shown that desized cotton fabrics can be bleached well in the soda-alkaline range at a pH of 10 to 13 in a short-term reaction of about 30 seconds to 20 minutes at temperatures of 90 to 105 ° C, but in accordance with that State of the art is associated with a significant damage to the fibers, as is shown by a greatly reduced DP value (average degree of polymerization of the cellulose molecules of the cotton).
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Bleichverfahren mit Hypochlorit aufzuzeigen, das bei höheren Temperaturen durchgeführt werden kann.The object of the invention is to demonstrate a bleaching process with hypochlorite which can be carried out at higher temperatures.
Es wurde nun ein Verfahren zum Bleichen von Baumwolle und baumwollhaltigen Geweben oder Garnen mit Hypochlorit in alkalisch wäßrigen Flotten bei höheren Temperaturen gefunden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Bleiche bei Temperaturen von 80 bis 110 °C innerhalb von 30 Sekunden bis 25 Minuten in Gegenwart von 0,5 bis 20 g/I einer wasserlöslichen Polyhydroxyverbindung, die bei Raumtemperaturen gegenüber Hypochlorit stabil und in der Hitze leicht oxidierbar ist, durchgeführt wird.A process has now been found for bleaching cotton and cotton-containing fabrics or yarns with hypochlorite in alkaline aqueous liquors at higher temperatures, which is characterized in that the bleaching is carried out at temperatures from 80 to 110 ° C. within 30 seconds to 25 minutes in the presence from 0.5 to 20 g / l of a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound which is stable to hypochlorite at room temperature and easily oxidized in the heat.
Die Erfindung liegt in der Kombination von Hypochlorit oder Hypochlorit abgebenden Verbindungen mit einer leicht oxidierbaren Substanz und der nicht vorhersehbare Effekt liegt insbesondere darin, daß bei höheren Alkalikonzentrationen, beispielsweise von 8 bis 60 g/I Natriumhydroxid, als bisher üblich gearbeitet werden kann, ohne daß die Fasern geschädigt werden und ohne daß der Bleicheffekt verlorengeht.The invention lies in the combination of hypochlorite or hypochlorite-releasing compounds with an easily oxidizable substance and the unforeseeable effect lies in particular in the fact that higher alkali concentrations, for example from 8 to 60 g / l of sodium hydroxide, can be carried out as previously, without the fibers are damaged and the bleaching effect is not lost.
Unter baumwollhaltigem Gewebe soll reine Baumwolle und insbesondere Polyestermischgewebe mit einem Baumwollanteil von mindestens 20 % verstanden werden. Selbstverständlich sind auch die entsprechenden Garne mit eingeschlossen.Cotton-containing fabric should be understood to mean pure cotton and in particular polyester blended fabrics with a cotton content of at least 20%. Of course, the corresponding yarns are also included.
Als Hypochlorit werden Alkalihypochlorit, insbesondere Natriumhypochlorit, und auch Hypochlorit abspaltende Verbindungen, wie Dichlor- und Trichlorisocyanurat, verwendet. Dabei enthalten die Bleichflotten 1 bis 8, bevorzugt 2 bis 6 g Aktivchlor/1 bzw. die Menge, die diese Menge Aktivchlor freisetzen kann.Alkali hypochlorite, in particular sodium hypochlorite, and also compounds which split off hypochlorite, such as dichloro- and trichloroisocyanurate, are used as hypochlorite. The bleaching liquors contain 1 to 8, preferably 2 to 6 g of active chlorine / 1 or the amount that this amount of active chlorine can release.
Die alkalisch-wäßrigen Flotten nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverfahren weisen zweckmäßigerweise einen pH-Wert von wenigstens 10 auf.The alkaline aqueous liquors according to the bleaching process according to the invention expediently have a pH of at least 10.
Dieser pH-Bereich wird zweckmäßigerweise eingestellt durch den Zusatz von Alkalihydroxid, insbesondere Natriumhydroxid, in der Regel in einer Menge von 8 bis 60 g/i, bevorzugt 10 bis 25 g/I. Daneben enthalten die Flotten gegebenenfalls 5 bis 15 g/I Alkalicarbonat, bevorzugt Natriumcarbonat.This pH range is expediently set by adding alkali metal hydroxide, in particular sodium hydroxide, generally in an amount of 8 to 60 g / l, preferably 10 to 25 g / l. In addition, the liquors optionally contain 5 to 15 g / l of alkali carbonate, preferably sodium carbonate.
Die gesamte Flotte beträgt in der Regel vorteilhaft etwa 100 Gew. %, bezogen auf das Gewicht des Gewebes.The entire fleet is generally advantageously about 100% by weight, based on the weight of the fabric.
Ein besonderes Kennzeichen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß es bei Temperaturen von 80 bis 110 °C durchgeführt wird. Der bevorzugte Temperaturbereich liegt bei Temperaturen von 90 bis 103°C.A special feature of the method according to the invention is that it is carried out at temperatures from 80 to 110 ° C. The preferred temperature range is from 90 to 103 ° C.
Ein anderes besonderes Kennzeichen ist die Durchführung des Bleichverfahrens in Gegenwart einer wasserlöslichen Polyhydroxyverbindung, die in der Kälte und bei Raumtemperaturen gegenüber Hypochlorit stabil und in der Hitze leicht oxidierbar ist, d. h. mit dem Hypochlorit schneller als dieses mit den Celluloseeinheiten der Baumwolle reagiert.Another special feature is the implementation of the bleaching process in the presence of a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound, which is stable to hypochlorite in the cold and at room temperature and easily oxidized in the heat, i. H. with the hypochlorite reacts faster than this with the cellulose units of the cotton.
Hierfür sind in hervorragender Weise Polyhydroxyverbindungen mit einer a-Hydroxycarbonylgruppe aus der Reihe der Mono- Di-, und Oligosaccharide und der Reihe der a-Hydroxycarbonsäuren und ihrer Derivate geeignet.For this purpose, polyhydroxy compounds with an a-hydroxycarbonyl group are excellent from the series of mono-, and oligosaccharides and the series of a-hydroxycarboxylic acids and their derivatives.
Im einzelnen seien genannt Saccharose, Lactose, Maltose, Glukose, Pentose, Galactose, Mannose, Arabinose, Sorbose, Erythrose sowie Hydroxyaceton und Glukose-6-phosphat und weiterhin Glukonsäure, Glukonolacton, Glukoheptonsäure und Ascorbinsäure.Sucrose, lactose, maltose, glucose, pentose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, sorbose, erythrose and hydroxyacetone and glucose-6-phosphate and also gluconic acid, gluconolactone, glucoheptonic acid and ascorbic acid may be mentioned in detail.
Weiterhin können Polyole, wie Mannit, Sorbit, Glucit, Glycerin und Polyglycerin sowie Mucochlorsäure verwendet werden.Polyols, such as mannitol, sorbitol, glucitol, glycerol and polyglycerol, and mucochloric acid can also be used.
Als erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende Polyhydroxyverbindungen sind besonders bevorzugt Glucose, Rohrzucker und Hydroxyaceton.Particularly preferred polyhydroxy compounds to be used according to the invention are glucose, cane sugar and hydroxyacetone.
Die Polyhydroxyverbindungen werden den Bleichflotten in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 20 g/l, bevorzugt 1,5 bis 10 g/1 zugesetzt.The polyhydroxy compounds are added to the bleaching liquors in an amount of 0.5 to 20 g / l, preferably 1.5 to 10 g / l.
Der Begriff leicht oxidierbar soll die Abstufungen umfassen in der Kälte gegenüber Hypochlorit relativ stabil und ansteigendes Redoxpotential mit steigender Alkalikonzentration und steigender Temperatur. Nur durch dieses Zusammenspiel kann in dem erfindungsgemäßen Temperaturbereich, der bisher für ein technisches Textilbleichverfahren nicht zugänglich war, gearbeitet werden.The term easily oxidizable is intended to encompass the gradations relatively stable in the cold to hypochlorite and increasing redox potential with increasing alkali concentration and increasing temperature. It is only through this interaction that work can be carried out in the temperature range according to the invention, which was previously not accessible for an industrial textile bleaching process.
Ein besonders hervorzuhebender Vorteil ist, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverfahren das Aktivchlor eine sehr kurze Halbwertszeit aufweist. in der Regel ist innerhalb des erfindungsgemäßen Temperaturbereichs nach einer Minute alles Aktivchlor verbraucht und auch auf dem Gewebe nicht mehr nachweisbar.A particularly noteworthy advantage is that in the bleaching process according to the invention the active chlorine has a very short half-life. As a rule, all active chlorine is used up within the temperature range according to the invention after one minute and is no longer detectable even on the tissue.
Demnach wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise innerhalb von 30 Sekunden bis 25 Minuten, bevorzugt 1 bis 5 Minuten durchgeführt.Accordingly, the method according to the invention is advantageously carried out within 30 seconds to 25 minutes, preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
Gegenüber einer Peroxidbleiche hat die kurze Halbwertszeit den Vorteil, daß beispielsweise bei Maschinenstillständen keine Schädigung des Gewebes durch eine längere Oxidationszeit auftreten kann, gegenüber Peroxiden entfällt der Aufwand von Stabilisierungsmaßnahmen, wie sie bei Peroxiden üblich sind, und hervorzuheben ist eine wesentlich geringere Empfindlichkeit gegenüber von Verunreinigungen mit Schwermetall.Compared to peroxide bleaching, the short half-life has the advantage that, for example when the machine is at a standstill, there can be no damage to the tissue due to a longer oxidation time.For peroxides, there is no need for stabilization measures, as are common with peroxides, and a much lower sensitivity to contamination should be emphasized with heavy metal.
Im übrigen sind die für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einzuhaltenden Bedingungen dem Fachmann bekannt :Otherwise, the conditions to be observed for the process according to the invention are known to the person skilled in the art:
Als Vorrichtung für die Ausführung sind die üblichen Dämpfaggregate zweckmäßig.The usual steaming units are useful as a device for the execution.
Für die Bleichflotten kommen die üblichen Zusätze in Betracht, wie Zusatz von Tensiden als Netz-und Waschmittel, zweckmäßig in einer Menge von 3,0 bis 10 g/1 und von denen Alkylphenolethoxylate mit 5 bis 10 Ethylenoxideinheiten und Fettalkoholethoxylate mit etwa gleichem Ethoxylierungsgrad besonders gennant seien.The usual additives for bleaching liquors, such as the addition of surfactants as wetting agents and detergents, are expediently used in an amount of 3.0 to 10 g / l and of which alkylphenol ethoxylates with 5 to 10 ethylene oxide units and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with approximately the same degree of ethoxylation are particularly named be.
Andere Zusätze betreffen beispielsweise wegen der Wasserhärte oxydations-stabile Sequestriermittel, die zusätzliche eine Erhöhung des Weißgrades bewirken können. Dafür ist die Hydroxyethandiphosphonsäure besonders geeignet.Other additives relate, for example, to the water hardness of oxidation-stable sequestering agents, which can additionally increase the whiteness. Hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid is particularly suitable for this.
Die Gewebestücke sind in allen Beispielen enzymatisch entschlichtet und danach ausgewaschen worden. Als nächster Vorbehandlungsschritt folgt eine alkalische Abkochung (Bedingungen : 40 g/I NaOH, 10 g/I Abkochhilfsmittel, Flottenaufnahme : 100 %, Zeit und Temperatur : 10 Minuten bei 100 °C).In all examples, the tissue pieces were enzymatically desized and then washed out. The next pre-treatment step is an alkaline decoction (conditions: 40 g / l NaOH, 10 g / l decoction aid, liquor absorption: 100%, time and temperature: 10 minutes at 100 ° C).
Die Gewebestücke wurden dann mit Bleichflotte getränkt und bis zu einer Flottenaufnahme von 100 % abgequetscht.The fabric pieces were then soaked in bleaching liquor and squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100%.
Nach der bleichreaktion in einem Heißaggregat wurden sie mit Wasser ausgewaschen. Waschbedingungen : zweimal 2 Minuten bei 95 °C, zweimal 2 Minuten bei 35 °C.After the bleaching reaction in a hot unit, they were washed out with water. Washing conditions: twice 2 minutes at 95 ° C, twice 2 minutes at 35 ° C.
Polyester/Baumwollgewebe (50/50), entschlichtet und abgekocht mit einem Tegewa-Wert von 7 bis 8, einem Weißgrad von 71,5 (Elrepho-Einheiten) und einem DP-Wert von 2100.Polyester / cotton fabric (50/50), desized and boiled with a Tegewa value of 7 to 8, a whiteness of 71.5 (Elrepho units) and a DP value of 2100.
Bleichflotte : 10 g Natriumhydroxid/i, 5 g/I Tensid, 2,5 g/I Aktivchlor in Form von Natriumhypochlorit.Bleaching liquor: 10 g sodium hydroxide / i, 5 g / l surfactant, 2.5 g / l active chlorine in the form of sodium hypochlorite.
Behandlungszeit : 2 Minuten bei 100 °C.Treatment time: 2 minutes at 100 ° C.
Ergebnis :
Entschlichteter Baumwollnessel mit einem Tegewa-Wert von 9, einem Weißgrad von 67,5 und einem DP-Wert von 2050.Desized cotton nettle with a Tegewa value of 9, a whiteness of 67.5 and a DP value of 2050.
Bleichflotte : 10 g Natriumhydroxid/l, 5 g/l Tensid, 3,0 g/l Aktivchlor in Form von Dichlorisocyanat.Bleaching liquor: 10 g sodium hydroxide / l, 5 g / l surfactant, 3.0 g / l active chlorine in the form of dichloroisocyanate.
Behandlungszeit : 2 Minuten bei 103 °C.Treatment time: 2 minutes at 103 ° C.
Ergebnis :
Entschlichteter und abgekochter Baumwollkörper mit einem Tegewa-Wert von 8, einem Weißgrad von 69,0 und einem DP-Wert 2410.Desized and boiled cotton body with a Tegewa value of 8, a whiteness of 69.0 and a DP value of 2410.
Bleichflotte gemäß Beispiel 2 mit 3 g/I Aktivchlor in Form von Trichlorisocyanurat.Bleaching liquor according to Example 2 with 3 g / l of active chlorine in the form of trichloroisocyanurate.
Behandlungszeit : 3 Minuten bei 100 °C.Treatment time: 3 minutes at 100 ° C.
Ergebnis :
Baumwoll-Hemdenpopeline entschlichtet (Tegewa-Wert 7-8) und abgekocht, mit einem , Weißgrad von 70,5 und einem DP-Wert von 2500.Cotton shirt poplin desized (Tegewa value 7-8) and boiled, with a whiteness of 70.5 and a DP value of 2500.
Bleichflotte : 8,5 g/l NaOH, 5 g/I Tensid, 2,5 g/I Aktivchlor in Form von Natriumhypochlorit, 3,5 g/I Glucose.Bleaching liquor: 8.5 g / l NaOH, 5 g / l surfactant, 2.5 g / l active chlorine in the form of sodium hypochlorite, 3.5 g / l glucose.
a) Behandlungszeit : 3 Minuten bei 102 °C.a) Treatment time: 3 minutes at 102 ° C.
Ergebnis :
Ergebnis :
Baumwoll-Regenmantelpopeline entschlichtet (Tegewa-Wert : 6-7), abgekocht, mit einem Weißgrad von 68 und einem DP-Wert von 2220.Cotton raincoat poplin desized (Tegewa value: 6-7), boiled, with a whiteness of 68 and a DP value of 2220.
Bleichflotte : 15 g/I NaOH, 7 g/I Tensid, 4 g/l Aktivchlor in Form von Chlorlauge, 6 g/l Maltose.Bleaching liquor: 15 g / l NaOH, 7 g / l surfactant, 4 g / l active chlorine in the form of chlorine solution, 6 g / l maltose.
Behandlungszeit : 90 Sekunden bei 103 °C.Treatment time: 90 seconds at 103 ° C.
Ergebnis :
Baumwollnessel entschlichtet (Tegewa-Wert : 7), abgekocht, mit einem Weißgrad von 69 und einem DP-Wert von 2320.Cotton nettle desized (Tegewa value: 7), boiled, with a whiteness of 69 and a DP value of 2320.
Bleichflotte : 10 g/l NaOH, 7 g/l Tensid, 3 g/l Aktivchlor in Form von Chlorbleichlauge.Bleaching liquor: 10 g / l NaOH, 7 g / l surfactant, 3 g / l active chlorine in the form of bleach.
Behandlungszeit : 1 Minute bei 101 °C.Treatment time: 1 minute at 101 ° C.
Ergebnis :
- Zusatz g/1 2,0 Hydroxiaceton 2,0 Ascorbinsäure 1,5 Mucochlorsäure Weißgrad 83,1 80,8 81,3 79,2
- DP-Wert 1270 1780 1850 1760
- Addition g / 1 2.0 hydroxiacetone 2.0 ascorbic acid 1.5 mucochloric acid whiteness 83.1 80.8 81.3 79.2
- DP value 1270 1780 1850 1760
Aus den vorliegenden zahlenmäßigen Angaben geht hervor, daß eine erfindungsgemäße Heißbleiche mit Hypochlorit bezüglich der Weißgraderhöhung ausgezeichnete Ergebnisse liefert. Dabei liegt die Faserschädigung, ausgedrückt durch die Abnahme des DP-Wertes, im Rahmen dessen, wie es von Peroxidbleichen bekannt ist. Die DP-Werte in den Vergleichsversuchen ohne Zusatz von einer Polyhydroxyverbindung bestätigen eine deutliche Faserschädigung, die in der Praxis nicht hingenommen werden kann.From the available numerical data it is evident that hot bleaching according to the invention with hypochlorite gives excellent results with regard to the whiteness increase. The fiber damage, expressed by the decrease in the DP value, is within the range known from peroxide bleaching. The DP values in the comparative tests without the addition of a polyhydroxy compound confirm a significant fiber damage which cannot be tolerated in practice.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85104913T ATE41957T1 (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1985-04-23 | PROCESS FOR BLEACHING COTTON FABRIC WITH HYPOCHLORITE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843418109 DE3418109A1 (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1984-05-16 | METHOD FOR BLEACHING COTTON-FABRIC FABRICS WITH HYPOCHLORITE AT HIGHER TEMPERATURES |
| DE3418109 | 1984-05-16 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0164534A2 EP0164534A2 (en) | 1985-12-18 |
| EP0164534A3 EP0164534A3 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
| EP0164534B1 true EP0164534B1 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
Family
ID=6235960
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85104913A Expired EP0164534B1 (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1985-04-23 | Process for bleaching cotton-containing fabrics with hypochlorite at elevated temperatures |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4622037A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0164534B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE41957T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3418109A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT688857E (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 2000-04-28 | Procter & Gamble | HYPOCHLORITE BEAUTIFUL COMPOSITIONS |
| US7109157B2 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2006-09-19 | Lawnie Taylor | Methods and equipment for removing stains from fabrics using a composition comprising hydroxide and hypochlorite |
| US7582595B1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2009-09-01 | Taylor Lawnie H | Hypochlorous acid/alkali metal hydoxide-containing products, methods and equipment for removing stains from fabrics |
| US7628822B2 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2009-12-08 | Taylor Lawnie H | Formation of patterns of fades on fabrics |
| US20070287652A1 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-13 | Lhtaylor Assoc, Inc. | Systems and methods for making stable, cotton-gentle chlorine bleach and products thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE279993C (en) * | ||||
| GB591537A (en) * | 1944-07-18 | 1947-08-21 | Lockport Cotton Batting Co | Improvements in bleaching process and composition |
| BE537539A (en) * | 1954-04-21 | |||
| CA813298A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1969-05-20 | W. Gray Frederick | Bleaching packets |
| GB1548379A (en) * | 1975-05-19 | 1979-07-11 | Jeyes Group Ltd | Bleach compositions |
| US4390448A (en) * | 1981-10-22 | 1983-06-28 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Perfumed stable aqueous hypochlorite bleach compositions containing 2-methyl-2-octanol and thickened variation thereof |
-
1984
- 1984-05-16 DE DE19843418109 patent/DE3418109A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-04-23 AT AT85104913T patent/ATE41957T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-23 EP EP85104913A patent/EP0164534B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-23 DE DE8585104913T patent/DE3569270D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-03 US US06/730,095 patent/US4622037A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0164534A2 (en) | 1985-12-18 |
| ATE41957T1 (en) | 1989-04-15 |
| US4622037A (en) | 1986-11-11 |
| EP0164534A3 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
| DE3569270D1 (en) | 1989-05-11 |
| DE3418109A1 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
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