EP0161174B1 - Method for the thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit - Google Patents
Method for the thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0161174B1 EP0161174B1 EP85400729A EP85400729A EP0161174B1 EP 0161174 B1 EP0161174 B1 EP 0161174B1 EP 85400729 A EP85400729 A EP 85400729A EP 85400729 A EP85400729 A EP 85400729A EP 0161174 B1 EP0161174 B1 EP 0161174B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tablet
- temperature
- thermal compensation
- permeability
- oscillating circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/008—Details of transformers or inductances, in general with temperature compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit, the losses of which increase as a function of the ambient temperature.
- This device in particular used to detect the passage of the wheels of a wagon, comprises a series oscillating circuit with open air gap to the detection zone constituting a sensor, an oscillator connected to the oscillating circuit and a circuit for exploiting the overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit.
- This oscillating circuit includes coils of copper wires. The operation of such a device is based on the fact that when a metallic mass is located near the air gap, the overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit decreases. This decrease indicates the presence of the metallic mass.
- the object of the present invention is to obviate these drawbacks and to do this it relates to a method of thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit.
- the document FR-A-2 025 984 describes a sweep feedback transformer, in which a temperature-sensitive ferrite plate is inserted in the air gap, this plate losing its ferromagnetism and becoming paramagnetic at a determined temperature, in order to avoid using a transformer with a large number of turns and without operating it near its saturation point, while stabilizing the high voltage well.
- Document FR-A-2 422 930 describes a distance measuring device with a feedback circuit amplifier, comprising a detection coil inside which are arranged magnetic rods with high permeability, some with a positive temperature characteristic. , the others with a negative temperature characteristic, so that the variations in permeability as a function of temperature are practically zero.
- the present invention more particularly relates to a method of thermal compensation of a series oscillating circuit formed by an alternating current generator, a capacitor and an inductor, characterized in that the inductor is formed by two windings each of which is wound around of one end of a magnetic core, and in that there is placed near one of the ends of the magnetic core a pellet of a material whose magnetic permeability is a decreasing function of the temperature and the point of Curie substantially equal to the maximum possible value of the ambient temperature, so that the reduction in the eddy current losses due to the variation in the permeability of the pellet compensates for the increase in these losses due to the variation in the temperature of the windings.
- the material constituting the pellet is chosen from the group comprising soft iron and ferro-nickel and has a Curie point of the order of 40 ° to 50 ° C.
- the single figure schematically represents a sensor made up of an oscillating circuit with open air gap, to which the thermal compensation process is applied.
- the oscillating circuit consists of a low-loss capacitor 5 and an inductor 3, 4 connected in series with the capacitor 5.
- the inductor consists of two identical windings connected in series and wound respectively on the two branches of a U-shaped magnetic core 6 constituting an open air gap.
- the oscillating circuit closes on an alternating current generator 2 which supplies the circuit.
- a patch 1 made of a material whose magnetic permeability is a decreasing function of the temperature and the Curie point substantially equal to the maximum possible value of the ambient temperature, is placed in the immediate vicinity of the inductance. It can be made integral, by bonding or molding of the impregnation resin surrounding one of the windings of the inductor, for example of the winding 3. This patch is placed in the magnetic field of the sensor and being conductive, it is therefore the seat of eddy currents.
- the temperature increases we approach the Curie point of the material constituting the pellet, and the permeability thereof decreases, which causes the reduction of the eddy currents and therefore losses in the pellet. This compensates for the increase in losses due in particular to. increasing the resistance of the copper coils.
- this thermal compensation method makes it possible to maintain a constant overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit during an increase in the ambient temperature and as a result, the detector can permanently exhibit high stability and great sensitivity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de compensation thermique d'un circuit magnétique dont les pertes augmentent en fonction de la température ambiante.The present invention relates to a process for thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit, the losses of which increase as a function of the ambient temperature.
Un tel procédé peut être avantageusement utilisé dans le dispositif détecteur de masses métalliques comportant des moyens de sécurité décrit dans le brevet français 2469722. Ce dispositif, notamment utilisé pour détecter le passage des roues d'un wagon, comprend un circuit oscillant série à entrefer ouvert vers la zone de détection constituant un capteur, un oscillateur relié au circuit oscillant et un circuit d'exploitation du coefficient de surtension du circuit oscillant. Ce circuit oscillant comporte des bobines en fils de cuivre. Le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif repose sur le fait que lorsqu'une masse métallique se trouve à proximité de l'entrefer, le coefficient de surtension du circuit oscillant diminue. Cette diminution indique la présence de la masse métallique. Pour augmenter la sensibilité du détecteur, il est souhaitable, lorsqu'aucune masse métallique n'est proche du circuit, que les pertes dues aux courants de Foucault soient très faibles, donc que le coefficient de surtension du circuit oscillant soit élevé. Or on constate que lorsque la température ambiante augmente, les pertes, dues notamment à l'augmentation de la résistance du cuivre constituant les bobines, augmentent ; ceci entraîne une diminution du coefficient de surtension qui altère le niveau de surtension du détecteur.Such a method can be advantageously used in the metal mass detector device comprising safety means described in French patent 2469722. This device, in particular used to detect the passage of the wheels of a wagon, comprises a series oscillating circuit with open air gap to the detection zone constituting a sensor, an oscillator connected to the oscillating circuit and a circuit for exploiting the overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit. This oscillating circuit includes coils of copper wires. The operation of such a device is based on the fact that when a metallic mass is located near the air gap, the overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit decreases. This decrease indicates the presence of the metallic mass. To increase the sensitivity of the detector, it is desirable, when no metallic mass is close to the circuit, that the losses due to the eddy currents are very low, therefore that the overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit is high. However, it can be seen that when the ambient temperature increases, the losses, due in particular to the increase in the resistance of the copper constituting the coils, increase; this results in a reduction in the overvoltage coefficient which alters the detector overvoltage level.
Le but de la présente invention est d'obvier à ces inconvénients et pour ce faire elle a pour objet un procédé de compensation thermique d'un circuit magnétique.The object of the present invention is to obviate these drawbacks and to do this it relates to a method of thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit.
De l'art antérieur il est déjà connu de compenser thermiquement un circuit magnétique.From the prior art, it is already known to thermally compensate a magnetic circuit.
Le document FR-A-2 025 984 décrit un transformateur de retour de balayage, dans lequel une , plaquette en ferrite sensible à la température est intercalée dans l'entrefer, cette plaquette perdant son ferro-magnétisme et devenant paramagnétique à une température déterminée, dans le but d'éviter de recourir à un transformateur à un grand nombre de spires et sans le faire fonctionner près de son point de saturation, tout en stabilisant bien la haute tension.The document FR-A-2 025 984 describes a sweep feedback transformer, in which a temperature-sensitive ferrite plate is inserted in the air gap, this plate losing its ferromagnetism and becoming paramagnetic at a determined temperature, in order to avoid using a transformer with a large number of turns and without operating it near its saturation point, while stabilizing the high voltage well.
Le document FR-A-2 422 930 décrit un appareil de mesure de distance à amplificateur à circuit de réaction, comprenant une bobine de détection à l'intérieur de laquelle sont disposées des tiges magnétiques à perméabilité élevée, les unes à caractéristique de température positive, les autres à caractéristique de température négative, de façon que les variations de la perméabilité en fonction de la température soient pratiquement nulles.Document FR-A-2 422 930 describes a distance measuring device with a feedback circuit amplifier, comprising a detection coil inside which are arranged magnetic rods with high permeability, some with a positive temperature characteristic. , the others with a negative temperature characteristic, so that the variations in permeability as a function of temperature are practically zero.
La présente invention a plus particulièrement pour objet un procédé de compensation thermique d'un circuit oscillant série formé par un générateur de courant alternatif, un condensateur et une inductance, caractérisé en ce que l'inductance est formée par deux enroulements dont chacun est bobiné autour d'une extrémité d'un noyau magnétique, et en ce que l'on dispose à proximité de l'une des extrémités du noyau magnétique une pastille d'un matériau dont la perméabilité magnétique est une fonction décroissante de la température et le point de Curie sensiblement égal à la valeur maximale éventuelle de la température ambiante, de façon telle que la diminution des pertes par courant de Foucault due à la variation de la perméabilité de la pastille compense l'augmentation de ces pertes due à la variation de la température des enroulements.The present invention more particularly relates to a method of thermal compensation of a series oscillating circuit formed by an alternating current generator, a capacitor and an inductor, characterized in that the inductor is formed by two windings each of which is wound around of one end of a magnetic core, and in that there is placed near one of the ends of the magnetic core a pellet of a material whose magnetic permeability is a decreasing function of the temperature and the point of Curie substantially equal to the maximum possible value of the ambient temperature, so that the reduction in the eddy current losses due to the variation in the permeability of the pellet compensates for the increase in these losses due to the variation in the temperature of the windings.
De préférence, le matériau constituant la pastille est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le fer doux et le ferro-nickel et a un point de Curie de l'ordre de 40° à 50 °C.Preferably, the material constituting the pellet is chosen from the group comprising soft iron and ferro-nickel and has a Curie point of the order of 40 ° to 50 ° C.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, description à laquelle un dessin est annexé.The present invention will be better understood and other objects, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an embodiment of the invention, description to which a drawing is appended.
La figure unique représente schématiquement un capteur constitué d'un circuit oscillant à entrefer ouvert, auquel est appliqué le procédé de compensation thermique.The single figure schematically represents a sensor made up of an oscillating circuit with open air gap, to which the thermal compensation process is applied.
En référence à cette figure, le circuit oscillant est constitué d'un condensateur 5 à faibles pertes et d'une inductance 3, 4 connectée en série avec le condensateur 5. L'inductance est constituée par deux enroulements identiques reliés en série et bobinés respectivement sur les deux branches d'un noyau magnétique en U 6 constituant un entrefer ouvert. Le circuit oscillant se ferme sur un générateur 2 de courant alternatif qui alimente le circuit.With reference to this figure, the oscillating circuit consists of a low-
Une pastille 1, constituée d'un matériau dont la perméabilité magnétique est une fonction décroissante de la température et le point de Curie sensiblement égal à la valeur maximale éventuelle de la température ambiante, est placée à proximité immédiate de l'inductance. Elle peut être rendue solidaire, par collage ou moulage de la résine d'imprégnation entourant l'un des enroulements de l'inductance, par exemple de l'enroulement 3. Cette pastille est placée dans le champ magnétique du capteur et étant conductrice, elle est donc le siège de courants de Foucault. Quand la température augmente, on se rapproche du point de Curie du matériau constituant la pastille, et la perméabilité de celui-ci diminue, ce qui entraîne la diminution des courants de Foucault et donc des pertes dans la pastille. Ceci compense l'augmentation des pertes due notamment à. l'augmentation de la résistance du cuivre des bobines. Il en résulte donc que lors d'une augmentation de la température ambiante, le coefficient de surtension du circuit oscillant ne varie pratiquement pas car la diminution de celui-ci due à la résistance du cuivre constituant les enroulements est compensée par une augmentation due à la diminution de la perméabilité du matériau constituant la pastille.A
Ainsi ce procédé de compensation thermique permet de conserver un coefficient de surtension du circuit oscillant constant lors d'une augmentation de la température ambiante et par suite, le détecteur peut présenter en permanence une grande stabilité et une grande sensibilité.Thus, this thermal compensation method makes it possible to maintain a constant overvoltage coefficient of the oscillating circuit during an increase in the ambient temperature and as a result, the detector can permanently exhibit high stability and great sensitivity.
D'autre part, ce procédé de compensation thermique est intéressant dans les dispositifs de sécurité car, la pastille pouvant être rendue solidaire du capteur, une élévation accidentelle du coefficient de surtension, due à la disparition de la pastille, ne peut se produire. Bien qu'un seul mode de réalisation de l'invention ait été décrit, il est évident que toute modification apportée par l'Homme de l'Art dans l'esprit de l'invention ne sortirait pas du cadre de la présente invention.On the other hand, this method of thermal compensation is advantageous in safety devices because, since the patch can be made integral with the sensor, an accidental rise in the overvoltage coefficient, due to the disappearance of the patch, cannot occur. Although only one embodiment of the invention has been described, it is obvious that any modification made by a person skilled in the art in the spirit of the invention would not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8406284 | 1984-04-20 | ||
| FR8406284A FR2563368B1 (en) | 1984-04-20 | 1984-04-20 | METHOD FOR THERMAL COMPENSATION OF A MAGNETIC CIRCUIT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0161174A1 EP0161174A1 (en) | 1985-11-13 |
| EP0161174B1 true EP0161174B1 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
Family
ID=9303358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85400729A Expired EP0161174B1 (en) | 1984-04-20 | 1985-04-12 | Method for the thermal compensation of a magnetic circuit |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4704578A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0161174B1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8501811A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1226341A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3566186D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8704665A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2563368B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN164640B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX158953A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT80313B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA852940B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH674896A5 (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-07-31 | Vibro Meter Ag | |
| US6246229B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-06-12 | Bently Nevada Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the temperature stability of an inductor using a magnetically coupled metallic object |
| US20100147832A1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Barker Iii Charles R | Induction cookware identifying |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3194998A (en) * | 1961-12-13 | 1965-07-13 | Gen Electric | Magnetic temperature-compensating structure |
| US3440718A (en) * | 1965-07-12 | 1969-04-29 | Physical Sciences Corp | Method of temperature compensating an electrical apparatus |
| US3663913A (en) * | 1967-12-22 | 1972-05-16 | Tohoku Metal Ind Ltd | Core coil having a improved temperature characteristic |
| DE1961951B1 (en) * | 1968-12-12 | 1970-10-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Line deflection transformer |
| CH509573A (en) * | 1969-06-06 | 1971-06-30 | Vibro Meter Ag | AC current measuring arrangement with a displacement encoder |
| US3891918A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1975-06-24 | James F Ellis | Linear displacement transducer utilizing an oscillator whose average period varies as a linear function of the displacement |
| US3848466A (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1974-11-19 | Atomic Energy Commission | Magnetic temperature sensor |
| DE2643413A1 (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-03-30 | Siemens Ag | Inductive data pick=up on eddy current principle - has HF AC coil placed in metal carrier sleeve end behind end plate |
| US4270487A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1981-06-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Developer regulating device in developing apparatus |
| SU681365A1 (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1979-08-25 | Московское Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Высшее Техническое Училище Им.Н.Э.Баумана | Inductive and eddy-current transducer with temperature autocompensation |
| JPS54134462A (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1979-10-18 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Eddy flow system range finder |
| FR2469722A1 (en) * | 1979-11-12 | 1981-05-22 | Saxby | Railway wagon wheel passage detection circuit - employs open gap detector coil in oscillatory circuit excited by oscillator emitting constant energy pulses |
| US4449094A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1984-05-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Temperature compensated magnetic damping assembly for induction meters |
-
1984
- 1984-04-20 FR FR8406284A patent/FR2563368B1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-04-10 CA CA000478775A patent/CA1226341A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-12 US US06/722,334 patent/US4704578A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-04-12 DE DE8585400729T patent/DE3566186D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-12 EP EP85400729A patent/EP0161174B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-12 ES ES542171A patent/ES8704665A1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-16 BR BR8501811A patent/BR8501811A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-17 IN IN294/MAS/85A patent/IN164640B/en unknown
- 1985-04-18 PT PT80313A patent/PT80313B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-04-19 ZA ZA852940A patent/ZA852940B/en unknown
- 1985-04-19 MX MX205031A patent/MX158953A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2563368B1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
| IN164640B (en) | 1989-04-22 |
| EP0161174A1 (en) | 1985-11-13 |
| PT80313B (en) | 1987-05-29 |
| ES542171A0 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| CA1226341A (en) | 1987-09-01 |
| US4704578A (en) | 1987-11-03 |
| ES8704665A1 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| DE3566186D1 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
| BR8501811A (en) | 1985-12-17 |
| ZA852940B (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| MX158953A (en) | 1989-03-31 |
| PT80313A (en) | 1985-05-01 |
| FR2563368A1 (en) | 1985-10-25 |
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