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EP0153242B1 - Dispositif pour le chargement automatique de munitions dans un canon - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le chargement automatique de munitions dans un canon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0153242B1
EP0153242B1 EP85400253A EP85400253A EP0153242B1 EP 0153242 B1 EP0153242 B1 EP 0153242B1 EP 85400253 A EP85400253 A EP 85400253A EP 85400253 A EP85400253 A EP 85400253A EP 0153242 B1 EP0153242 B1 EP 0153242B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
drum
ammunition
tube
barrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85400253A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0153242A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernard Lacoste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Cail Babcock SA
Original Assignee
Fives Cail Babcock SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fives Cail Babcock SA filed Critical Fives Cail Babcock SA
Priority to AT85400253T priority Critical patent/ATE36064T1/de
Publication of EP0153242A1 publication Critical patent/EP0153242A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0153242B1 publication Critical patent/EP0153242B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/50—External power or control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/24—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element
    • F41A9/26—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
    • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for loading ammunition into a barrel mounted on the turret of an armored vehicle and comprising a barrel comprising a casing and a rotor placed in said casing and in which are arranged several housings regularly distributed around its axis and intended to each receive a munition, means for rotating the barrel rotor step by step to successively bring each munition in front of a lateral opening of the casing through which the ammunition is extracted one by one from the barrel to be introduced into the barrel by means of a member called a repressor arranged next to the barrel, behind the barrel, this member being actuated by springs armed by the recoil of the breech, a lock intended to maintain the springs in the armed position and means for controlling the introduction of ammunition into the barrel by triggering said lock.
  • Document US-A-3134 301 describes an automatic loading device intended to be used, like the device of the invention, for loading a barrel secured to an oscillating body in which the elements of the device are mounted.
  • the ammunition of the barrel is loaded one by one on a cradle introduced into the barrel through the lateral opening of the latter then brought by the plate in the axis of the barrel.
  • the rotation of the barrel, the movements of the cradle and the triggering of the repressor are controlled by a single motor by means of connecting rods, cams and sliding bars. All this mechanism arranged at the rear of the barrel is bulky and difficult to fit in an oscillating body turret of the type concerned.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to devices for loading ammunition into a barrel according to the preamble of claim 1 in which the lateral opening of the barrel casing is normally closed by a door, and the ammunition exit from the barrel, through said opening , and descend on the support of the repressor by gravity, when said door is open.
  • a device is known and is part of the state of the art within the meaning of article 54 (2) of the C.B.E.
  • the object of the present invention is to ensure automatically, from a single order, the safe course of all the loading operations of a munition by means of a device of the type defined above.
  • the device which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a motor actuating said door, means for detecting the exit of an ammunition from the barrel and controlling the closing of the door, means for locking the door in the closed position and means for detecting the closing of said door and controlling the rotation of the barrel.
  • Mechanical emergency means are provided for manually controlling the opening of the door.
  • the motor actuating the door can be constituted by a single-acting hydraulic cylinder acting on the door of the barrel casing, which is pivoting, by means of a pusher guided along a rectilinear path and of a cam made integral in rotation. of the door, return springs acting on said pusher to return it to the retracted position, when the actuator is not supplied, and allow the door to close under the action of its own weight.
  • the pusher may be provided with a heel preventing rotation of the cam and consequently the opening of the door when the pusher is in the retracted position.
  • a disengageable coupling will be provided between the cam and the door to allow manual opening of the latter.
  • the means controlling the step-by-step rotation of the barrel may be constituted by a motor housed in the hollow shaft of the rotor and constituted by a hydraulic cylinder and a cam and roller system as described in document FR-A-2 540 236.
  • the means for triggering the repressor lock may be constituted by a single-acting hydraulic cylinder acting on a rod or a cable linked to the lock.
  • a jack whose piston is constituted by a tube inside which passes the cable or the rod connected to the lock and which acts on a stop fixed to the end of the cable or rod, a manually operated operating member being fixed to the same end of the cable or rod.
  • the device which is the subject of the invention furthermore comprises means making it possible, in combination with said means to detect the exit of an ammunition from the barrel and the closing of said door, to order sequentially, on an order from the operator, the opening of said door, its closure, after the exit of the barrel ammunition, the rotation of a pitch of the barrel rotor and the release of the barrel lock.
  • the loading device shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 comprises two barrels 10 and 10 ′ installed on either side of the system 12 for introducing ammunition into the barrel and for ejecting the casings which is called a repressor.
  • This body ensures, using springs, the loading of ammunition in the breech of the barrel.
  • the springs are compressed; they are then kept in this state by a lug constituting a lock.
  • the ammunition stored in the barrels is brought one by one to the repressor using ramps 14, 14 '. By acting on the lug, the springs are released and the ammunition is pushed into the barrel by the repressor.
  • FIG. 1 In FIG. 1 are shown the jacks 16, 16 'which control the step-by-step rotation of the barrels, the jacks 18, 18' which control the opening of the doors closing the lateral openings of the barrels and the jack 20 which acts on the retaining lug of the spring of the repressor to order the introduction of a munition into the barrel.
  • Solenoid valves 22-22 ', 24-24', 26-26 ', and 28 controlling the admission of oil to the chambers of these jacks are also shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows the electrical circuit for controlling the electromagnets which actuate the solenoid valves.
  • the windings are connected to an electrical source through a processor 30, constituted by a set of logic circuits and which controls the loading operations in the order and under the conditions indicated below.
  • the operator When the operator wishes to load a munition into the barrel, he selects the barrel from which the ammunition must be extracted and gives the loading order by means of a switch 32. This order will only be executed if the breech is open and empty, the switch 34 then being closed.
  • the processor 30 first controls the opening of the door of the selected barrel by means of the jack 18 or 18 '. By passing on the corresponding ramp 14 or 14 ', the ammunition actuates [' switch 35 or 35 'and the processor then cuts the power supply to the jack 18 or 18' to allow the door to close.
  • the processor 30 controls the rotation of the barrel, using the jack 16 or 16 ′, and triggers the repressor by means of the jack 20.
  • the switch 34 opens and prohibits the operation of the loading device.
  • a limit switch 38 or 38 ' cuts the power to the cylinder 16 or 16' after the barrel rotor has turned one step to bring another munition in front of the housing opening. It is intended that the processor can control each operation or some of them in isolation, for example the rotation of the barrel.
  • Figure 3 shows, by way of example, an embodiment of the stepping motor rotating the barrel rotor.
  • the barrel is constituted by a casing 110, closed at one of its ends by a bottom 112, and by a rotor formed by a tubular shaft 114 on which are mounted stars with six branches forming six housings regularly distributed around the axis of the barrel and intended to receive the ammunition.
  • the barrel rotor is supported at its end adjacent to the bottom 112 by a rolling bearing mounted on a part 120 fixed on the bottom 112.
  • the shaft 114 is also supported on a tube 122 which is supported at its ends by rolling bearings mounted on the part 120 and on a support 134 secured to the barrel casing.
  • a jack 16 and a splined shaft 138 Inside the tube 122 and coaxial with it are placed a jack 16 and a splined shaft 138, one end of which is fixed to the piston of the jack.
  • the jack is fixed to the support 134 and the splined shaft is slidably mounted in a bore of the part 120 provided with splines preventing rotation of the shaft 138.
  • These cams have a sawtooth profile and are mounted on the shaft so that the tips of the teeth of each of them are directed towards the adjacent end of the shaft 138.
  • Each cam has three teeth and the teeth of one cam are angularly offset by half a step with respect to the teeth of the other cam.
  • Each cam cooperates with a roller 144, 144 'whose axis is fixed radially on the tube 122, the axes of the two rollers being aligned on the same generatrix of the tube.
  • the cams are kept in contact with the respective rollers by springs 146, 146 'compressed between the cams and a stop ring fixed on the shaft 138
  • One of the rollers, the roller 144 in Figure 3 is then at the bottom of the teeth and the other roller on the top of a tooth.
  • the cams 142, 142 ′ remain in their initial positions until a ring 150 housed in a groove in the shaft 138 comes to abut against the cam 142. This is then driven by the shaft 138 and the roller 144 is released from the bottom of the teeth of this cam which allows the rotation of the tube 122. Under the action of the spring 146 'which pushes the cam 142 'against the roller 144', the tube 122 rotates until the roller reaches the bottom of the teeth of this cam which corresponds to a rotation of one sixth of a turn.
  • the tube 122 is then locked in its new position and it can only rotate, by the same angle, when the piston of the jack 16 and the shaft 138 are moved in the opposite direction.
  • the rotation of the tube 122 is transmitted to the tubular shaft 114 of the barrel by a sleeve 152 disposed concentrically with the tube 122 and supported by the latter and by the support 134 by means of bearings.
  • This sleeve is coupled to the shaft 114 by rollers 158 mounted on the shaft and housed in longitudinal slots in the sleeve.
  • the latter is moreover coupled to the tube 122 by a tooth coupling 162 which is disengageable by axial displacement of the sleeve on the tube.
  • a flywheel 166 fixed on the sleeve allows, after having disengaged the coupling 162, to rotate the barrel rotor.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 show an embodiment of the control and locking system of the door 70 closing the lateral opening 68 of a barrel.
  • This door is pivoting and formed by fingers fixed on a tube 72 mounted on a fixed axis 74 parallel to the axis of the barrel.
  • the tube 72 is provided with teeth engaging in notches of complementary shape cut in the adjacent end of a tube end 76, of the same diameter as the tube 72 and also mounted on the axis 74.
  • a helical spring 78 exerts an axial thrust on the tube 72 and keeps it in engagement with the end of the tube 76 which is in abutment against a support tab of the axis 74.
  • the end of the tube 76 is made integral, by a key 80, with a cam 82 on which acts a pusher 84 which is itself moved by the piston 86 of the jack 18.
  • a cam 82 on which acts a pusher 84 which is itself moved by the piston 86 of the jack 18.
  • the displacement of the piston 86 causes the door to open.
  • Return springs 90 keep the pusher and the piston in the retracted position when the jack is not supplied.
  • the pusher 84 has a heel 92 which, when in the retracted position, prohibits the rotation of the cam 82 and blocks the door in the closed position.
  • the door can however be lifted manually, to release the opening 68, by moving it parallel to the axis of the barrel, against the action of the spring 78, so as to release the end of the tube 72 from the end of the tube 76, and rotating it around axis 74.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of the jack 20 controlling the repressor.
  • the jack comprises a cylindrical body 94 fixed on a fixed support by means of a flange 96 and a core 98 fixed in leaktight manner to one end of the body 94 and forming with it a chamber with an annular section in which is housed a piston tubular 100. Seals are mounted in the bore of the cylinder body and on the core, at the open end of the chamber.
  • the core 98 is pierced right through an axial passage in which a rod 102 can slide, connected by a linkage to the lock of the repressor.
  • This rod carries at its end a yoke 104 and a washer 106 on which the piston 100 acts when pressurized oil is admitted into the chamber of the jack to trigger the repressor.
  • a handle mounted directly on the end of the rod 102 or connected to the latter by a rod or a cable makes it possible to trigger the pump manually, for example in the event of failure of the hydraulic power unit supplying the jacks.
  • hydraulic cylinders instead of hydraulic cylinders, electric motors or electromagnets could be used to rotate the barrel, control the opening of the barrel door and trigger. push it back. Hydraulic logic circuits could be used to control these operations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
EP85400253A 1984-02-17 1985-02-14 Dispositif pour le chargement automatique de munitions dans un canon Expired EP0153242B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400253T ATE36064T1 (de) 1984-02-17 1985-02-14 Automatische ladevorrichtung fuer kanonen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8402393 1984-02-17
FR8402393A FR2559889B1 (fr) 1984-02-17 1984-02-17 Dispositif pour le chargement automatique de munitions dans un canon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0153242A1 EP0153242A1 (fr) 1985-08-28
EP0153242B1 true EP0153242B1 (fr) 1988-07-27

Family

ID=9301113

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400253A Expired EP0153242B1 (fr) 1984-02-17 1985-02-14 Dispositif pour le chargement automatique de munitions dans un canon
EP85901015A Pending EP0172210A1 (fr) 1984-02-17 1985-02-14 Dispositif pour le chargement automatique des munitions dans un canon

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85901015A Pending EP0172210A1 (fr) 1984-02-17 1985-02-14 Dispositif pour le chargement automatique des munitions dans un canon

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4662266A (pt)
EP (2) EP0153242B1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE36064T1 (pt)
BR (1) BR8504998A (pt)
DE (1) DE3564029D1 (pt)
FR (1) FR2559889B1 (pt)
WO (1) WO1985003769A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017107442B4 (de) * 2017-04-06 2021-03-18 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Laden einer Rohrwaffe mit Munitionskörpern
CN114963861B (zh) * 2022-05-17 2024-01-12 上海东湖机械厂 一种自动锁定解锁装置

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122967A (en) * 1964-03-03 Ammunition handling- and loading system for major caliber guns
US1517758A (en) * 1923-07-03 1924-12-02 Schneider & Cie Apparatus for loading and ramming projectiles in guns
US2988962A (en) * 1944-02-09 1961-06-20 United Shoe Machinery Corp Shell-handling mechanisms for guns
US2474975A (en) * 1944-05-11 1949-07-05 United Shoe Machinery Corp Gun-loading mechanism
US2460384A (en) * 1944-05-25 1949-02-01 United Shoe Machinery Corp Gun-loading mechanism
US2870678A (en) * 1946-04-11 1959-01-27 Philias H Girouard Projectile launcher
BE502937A (pt) * 1950-05-03
US2809561A (en) * 1954-10-29 1957-10-15 James M Edmund Powder case lock for breech mechanism
FR1253259A (fr) * 1959-12-11 1961-02-10 Chargeur de munitions à barillet
FR1595414A (pt) * 1968-12-19 1970-06-08
US3618452A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-11-09 Us Army Obturating mechanism for an automatic rocket launcher
DE2214745C3 (de) * 1972-03-25 1978-12-14 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Vorrichtung zum Verriegeln und Auswerfen von Flugkörper enthaltenden Behältern
US4457209A (en) * 1980-08-27 1984-07-03 Fmc Corporation Automated large caliber ammunition handling system
DE3168783D1 (en) * 1980-08-27 1985-03-21 Fmc Corp Automatic large caliber ammunition loading system
FR2540236B1 (fr) * 1983-01-28 1987-01-02 Fives Cail Babcock Barillet motorise pour le chargement des munitions dans un canon
FR2543285B1 (fr) * 1983-03-24 1987-09-04 Fives Cail Babcock Dispositif pour la mise en place des munitions dans le barillet d'un canon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE36064T1 (de) 1988-08-15
DE3564029D1 (en) 1988-09-01
FR2559889B1 (fr) 1988-09-23
US4662266A (en) 1987-05-05
EP0172210A1 (fr) 1986-02-26
EP0153242A1 (fr) 1985-08-28
BR8504998A (pt) 1986-01-21
WO1985003769A1 (fr) 1985-08-29
FR2559889A1 (fr) 1985-08-23

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