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EP0027376A1 - Equipement de moulage pour fabriquer des blocs de construction et bloc de construction fabriqué par cet équipement - Google Patents

Equipement de moulage pour fabriquer des blocs de construction et bloc de construction fabriqué par cet équipement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0027376A1
EP0027376A1 EP80303595A EP80303595A EP0027376A1 EP 0027376 A1 EP0027376 A1 EP 0027376A1 EP 80303595 A EP80303595 A EP 80303595A EP 80303595 A EP80303595 A EP 80303595A EP 0027376 A1 EP0027376 A1 EP 0027376A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
moulding
base
building block
moulding base
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80303595A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henry George Freemantle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Drystack Nv
Original Assignee
Drystack Nv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drystack Nv filed Critical Drystack Nv
Priority claimed from AU67999/81A external-priority patent/AU6799981A/en
Publication of EP0027376A1 publication Critical patent/EP0027376A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/08—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with two or more rams per mould
    • B28B3/083—The juxtaposed rams working in the same direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/162—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes for building blocks or similar block-shaped articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0221—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of conical shape

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to the manufacture of building blocks using moulding equipment.
  • An object of the invention is the provision of novel moulding equipment wherein blocks which have mating male and female keying formations may be formed in a single operation.
  • Such equipment comprises a moulding base, forming means receivable on the moulding base to define the sides of a building block to be formed therein, ram means for co-operation with the forming means in piston fashion for compacting a charge of material located in the forming means, and means for forming a first keying formation in the surface of the building block remote from the moulding base during formation of the building block.
  • the invention is characterised in that the moulding base is shaped to form at the same time a second keying formation complementary to the first keying formation in the surface of the building block abutting the moulding base.
  • the moulding base includes at least one concavity in its surface, the concavity forming the second keying formation in the building block in the nature of a male keying member.
  • the concavity in the moulding base may be shaped to provide a truncated conoidal second or male keying formation.
  • the concavity is shaped to provide the said male keying formation as a tapered annulus.
  • the means for forming the first keying formation in the surface of the building block comprises a cylindrical element located in the forming means, the cylindrical element forming the first keying formation in the building block in the nature of a female keying member.
  • the cylindrical element is adapted to provide the said first or female keying formation as a socket which extends through the building block to the second keying formation.
  • the cylindrical element should be tapered so that in the preferred block the socket tapers towards the male keying formation which itself comprises a tapered annulus surrounding the narrow end of the socket.
  • the equipment incorporates a plurality of cylindrical elements and concavities in the moulding base to provide a plurality of first and second keying formations in the building block during its production and a bank of forming means is provided for association with a moulding base incorporating a series of concavities such that a plurality of building blocks is formed in one operation of the moulding equipment.
  • the moulding base is a pallet preferably of wood and means are provided for aligning the moulding base relative to the forming means.
  • Such aligning means may comprise a socket in the moulding base adapted to receive a locating pin mounted on the forming means.
  • the moulding equipment may include means to feed a pallet horizontally beneath vertically movable forming means and stop means to locate the pallet relative to the forming means, the stop means being movable to permit the pallet to be displaced past the stop means by the application of force to the pallet.
  • the invention also provides a moulding base having the features hereinabove described and a building block when produced by moulding equipment as described above.
  • the invention further provides a substantially rectilinear parallelpiped building block having at least one tapered annular male keying formation projecting from a surface thereof and a complementary cylindrical female keying formation in the surface of the building block parallel to the base, the female keying formation being tapered towards and extending through the block to the male keying formation.
  • Figure 17 is a section on the lines XV11-XV11 in figure 16.
  • a rectangular parallelepiped building block 1 is provided on the base la thereof with three male keying formations in the form of truncated cones 2 spaced from one another along the length of the building block.
  • three male keying formations in the form of truncated cones 2 spaced from one another along the length of the building block.
  • three complementary female keying formations in the form of cylindrical holes 3.
  • the holes 3 extend the greater part of the height of the building block 1 and thereby reduce the mass of the building block.
  • the spacing of the keying formations described above is such as to allow building blocks 1 to be laid one upon the other in staggered relationship with one or more keying formations in one block in interengagement with those in an adjacent block. Furthermore, the arrangement of the keying formations in the block 1 allows a junction to be established between two walls with the end keying formations in the blocks in interengagement with one another.
  • a moulding base is provided in the form of a wooden pallet 5.
  • the pallet 5 has four rows of concavities or indentations 6 therein which form the truncated cones 2 in the building blocks 1 during the moulding operation.
  • Each side of the pallet 5 parallel to the rows of concavities 6 is provided with a metal cladding 8 having a socket 9 extending through the pallet 5.
  • Forming means are provided in the form of an open ended box 10 receivable on the pallet 5.
  • the box 10 has three vertical, spaced partitions 11 therein which together with the walls 10a of the box 10 form a bank of four forming boxes 14 which define the sides of four building blocks 1 formed in the box during one operation of the moulding equipment.
  • Each wall 10a of the box parallel to the partitions 11 is provided with an external locating pin 1 2 receivable in a socket 9 in the pallet 5 to align the rows of concavities in the latter with the forming boxes 14.
  • Means are provided in the forming boxes 14 for forming the cylindrical holes 3 in the building block 1 in its surface remote from the pallet 5 during formation of the building blocks in the forming boxes.
  • Such means in this embodiment of the invention comprise three right circular cylindrical elements 15 positioned in each box 14 and secured by webs 16.
  • Ram means are provided for co-operation with the boxes 14 in piston fashion for compressing a charge of material when located in the forming boxes 14 into the form of the building blocks 1.
  • Such means in this embodiment of the invention comprise a plurality of plates 17 attached to connecting rods 18 and having suitable apertures 19 between adjacent plates 17 to accomodate the elements 15, webs 16 and partitions 11 during the ramming operation.
  • the moulding equipment described above is housed in a frame 21 shown in figure 9.
  • the frame 21 supports a hopper 22 for storing material from which the building blocks 1 are made.
  • a receptacle 23 mounted on wheels 24 is provided to convey such material from the hopper 22 to the forming boxes 14.
  • the receptacle 23 is connected to suitable arms 25 adapted to be activated to displace the receptacle 23 from the position shown in figure 9 under the hopper 22 to a position over the forming boxes 14.
  • the wheels 24 of the receptacle 23 are mounted for movement on rails 26 on the flame 21 which align with rails 27 on the box 10 when the latter is positioned on the pallet 5.
  • the receptacle 23 does not have a base but is located on a flat surface 28 which is co-planar with the surface 10b of the box 10 when the latter is in position on the pallet 5.
  • the connecting rods 18 carrying the plates 17 are attached to a platten 30 which is provided with guides 31 receivable in a pair of guide posts 32 extending the height of the frame 21.
  • the box 10 is similarly provided with guides 33 receivable in the guide posts 32.
  • a main hydraulic ram 34 is provided on the frame 21 and in a preferred form of the invention the ram 34 operates to displace both the platten 30 carrying the connecting rods 18 and the box 10 during operation of the moulding equipment in the manner hereinafter described.
  • Stop means are provided on the frame 21 to locate the pallet 5 in position under the forming box 1 0. Such means are illustrated in figure 7 and comprise a stop member 35 projecting into the sliding path of the pallet 5.
  • the member 35 is attached to a resiliently flexible arm 36 so that upon application of force by the pallet 5 moving in the direction of its sliding path indicated by numeral 36, the stop member 35 is displaced outwardly in the direction indicated by numeral 37 to allow the pallet 5 to pass.
  • the starting position of the various parts is shown in figure 1 with the receptacle 23 located under the hopper 22 where it receives material from the latter.
  • the pallet 5 is displaced (by a sequential pallet which will be used in the next block making cycle) to a position under the box 10 where it engages stop 35 and is initially located in position.
  • the box 10 is then lowered onto the pallet 5 so that its locating pins 12 engage in the sockets 9 in the pallet 5 and locate the pallet accurately relative to therorming boxes 14.
  • the receptacle 23 containing material from the hopper 22 is then displaced on the surface 28 to a position on the box 10 where the material discharges from the receptacle 23 into the forming boxes 14.
  • the receptacle 23 and box 10 are made to vibrate to ensure settling of the material inside the forming boxes 14.
  • the receptacle 23 is then withdrawn to its starting position whereafter the platten 30 descends thrusting the plates 17 into the forming boxes 14 to compress the material therein and form the building blocks 1 therein on the pallet 5.
  • the box 10 is thereupon raised to its starting position whilst the plates 17 hold the building blocks in position on the pallet 5. Thereafter, as shown in figure 5, the platten 30 carrying the plates 17 is withdrawn and the pallet 5 is displaced by an incoming clean pallet 5a to permit the process described above to be repeated.
  • the preferred building block 41 of the invention is illustrated in figures 10, 11 and 13 and is manufactured by the procedure described above.
  • the apparatus for production of the preferred block differs from that described above only in that the cylindrical elements 15 are truncated conical cylinders instead of right circular cylinders, the elements tapering towards the lower part of the forming boxes 14 in order to provide the tapered female keying formations 43.
  • the female keying formations in the form of conical holes 43 extend right through the block. This structure is achieved by ensuring that the elements 15 located in the forming boxes 1 4 extend right down to the base of the concavities 6 when the box 10 is lowered onto the pallet 5 in a block making cycle.
  • the forming boxes 14 are also provided with circumferential plates at their upper ends to form chamfered corners 44 on the block.
  • a block 51 which has similar male and female keying formations 52 and 53 respectively to those of the block 41 but, as will be seen from figure 12, the block 51 is of channel section.
  • Adjacent blocks 51 in a single course will therefore provide a continuous channel in which concrete reinforcing may be located for the formation of the beam structure.
  • block 51 the forming means will, in addition to the incorporation of means for forming the female keying formations, incorporate means to form the channel in the block.
  • the smaller blocks are useful at corners and in the building of windows and like structures.
  • the block 81 illustrated in figure 16 is similar to that illustrated in figure 10 except that the block of figure 16 has greater height than that of figure 10 and the female keying formations are differently shaped as described below.
  • the larger dimensions of the block 81 is achieved by utilising suitably dimensioned forming boxes 14.
  • the female keying formations 83 in the block 81 are formed in the block during its production by providing suitably shaped elements in the forming boxes in place of the elements 15 illustrated in figure 8.
  • the elements for the formation of the holes or female keying formations 83 in the block 81 comprise a right circular cylindrical portion in the upper zone of the boxes to correspond with the hole sections 83a, and a truncated conical portion to correspond with the hole sections 83b. It will be appreciated that any additional height of building block may be achieved in this way merely by varying the axial dimensions of the forming boxes 14 and right cylindrical portions of the shaped elements 15 therein.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
EP80303595A 1979-10-15 1980-10-13 Equipement de moulage pour fabriquer des blocs de construction et bloc de construction fabriqué par cet équipement Withdrawn EP0027376A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA795486 1979-10-15
ZA795486 1979-10-15
AU67999/81A AU6799981A (en) 1979-10-15 1981-03-03 Ram/mould mating building blocks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0027376A1 true EP0027376A1 (fr) 1981-04-22

Family

ID=25635538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80303595A Withdrawn EP0027376A1 (fr) 1979-10-15 1980-10-13 Equipement de moulage pour fabriquer des blocs de construction et bloc de construction fabriqué par cet équipement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0027376A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2517246A1 (fr) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-03 Hapel Joseph Procede pour realiser des elements de constructions emboitables pour batiments
GB2128238A (en) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-26 Cube System Geruestbau Gmbh Load supporting framework for use on building sites
GB2152652A (en) * 1984-01-09 1985-08-07 Powramtic Limited An electric storage heater
US4725214A (en) * 1985-04-16 1988-02-16 Giovanni Piazza Apparatus for the fabrication of construction blocks
DE10136695A1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Hermann Kuesel Gmbh Werkstoffverdichtungsvorrichtung
WO2004071732A1 (fr) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-26 Kvm Industrimaskiner A/S Equipement de moulage a noyaux pour machines de coulage de beton
WO2017178044A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Iso-Air Investments Pty Ltd Bloc de construction pour empilement à sec, système d'empilement à sec, panneau mural préfabriqué, construction, procédé de construction, procédé de fabrication et système de moule

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1697347A (en) * 1927-07-05 1929-01-01 Claude V Birkhead Multiple-block mold
GB344389A (en) * 1929-10-16 1931-03-02 John Francis O Rourke Improvements in and connected with moulding apparatus
FR875264A (fr) * 1941-08-28 1942-09-14 Bloc de béton et moule pour sa fabrication
US2668435A (en) * 1948-11-12 1954-02-09 Clements Norman Thomas Hollow structural building unit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1697347A (en) * 1927-07-05 1929-01-01 Claude V Birkhead Multiple-block mold
GB344389A (en) * 1929-10-16 1931-03-02 John Francis O Rourke Improvements in and connected with moulding apparatus
FR875264A (fr) * 1941-08-28 1942-09-14 Bloc de béton et moule pour sa fabrication
US2668435A (en) * 1948-11-12 1954-02-09 Clements Norman Thomas Hollow structural building unit

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2517246A1 (fr) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-03 Hapel Joseph Procede pour realiser des elements de constructions emboitables pour batiments
GB2128238A (en) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-26 Cube System Geruestbau Gmbh Load supporting framework for use on building sites
GB2152652A (en) * 1984-01-09 1985-08-07 Powramtic Limited An electric storage heater
US4725214A (en) * 1985-04-16 1988-02-16 Giovanni Piazza Apparatus for the fabrication of construction blocks
DE10136695A1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Hermann Kuesel Gmbh Werkstoffverdichtungsvorrichtung
WO2004071732A1 (fr) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-26 Kvm Industrimaskiner A/S Equipement de moulage a noyaux pour machines de coulage de beton
US7309226B2 (en) 2003-02-11 2007-12-18 Kvm Industrimaskiner A/S Moulding equipment with cores for concrete casting machines
WO2017178044A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Iso-Air Investments Pty Ltd Bloc de construction pour empilement à sec, système d'empilement à sec, panneau mural préfabriqué, construction, procédé de construction, procédé de fabrication et système de moule

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

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Effective date: 19810805

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19830519

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Inventor name: FREEMANTLE, HENRY GEORGE