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EP0005494B1 - Vertikal-Abscheider eines Gemisches von Dampf oder Gas mit flüssigen oder festen Teilchen - Google Patents

Vertikal-Abscheider eines Gemisches von Dampf oder Gas mit flüssigen oder festen Teilchen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0005494B1
EP0005494B1 EP79101381A EP79101381A EP0005494B1 EP 0005494 B1 EP0005494 B1 EP 0005494B1 EP 79101381 A EP79101381 A EP 79101381A EP 79101381 A EP79101381 A EP 79101381A EP 0005494 B1 EP0005494 B1 EP 0005494B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
gas
separator according
separator
vapour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79101381A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0005494A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Marjollet
Gérard Tondeur
Jean-Pierre Cerdan
Patrick Talleu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stein Industrie SA
Electricite de France SA
Original Assignee
Stein Industrie SA
Electricite de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7814212A external-priority patent/FR2425272A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7908784A external-priority patent/FR2452973A2/fr
Application filed by Stein Industrie SA, Electricite de France SA filed Critical Stein Industrie SA
Publication of EP0005494A1 publication Critical patent/EP0005494A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0005494B1 publication Critical patent/EP0005494B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/32—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/04—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B04C5/28—Multiple arrangement thereof for parallel flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vertical separator of a mixture of vapor or gas and liquid or solid particles, comprising inside an external shell an inlet enclosure of said mixture, a plurality of vertical tubes provided at their inlet stationary vanes imparting a helical movement to the mixture, and at their exit from a coaxial tube of smaller diameter allowing in its internal duct the evacuation of dry vapor or gas, and in the annular space that of '' a mixture richer in liquid or solid particles, said annular space opening into a free volume allowing the separation of said mixture richer in liquid or solid particles into a substantially dry vapor or a gas and a fluid sparingly charged with vapor or gas, and said internal conduits opening into a chamber for collecting dry steam or gas.
  • Separation dryers in tubes by centrifugation effect having the advantage of a small footprint in relation to or flow of steam to be treated, and can therefore be arranged directly at the outlet of devices generating humidity in the steam, such as expansion turbines, by eliminating or reducing the lengths of piping transporting wet steam, and consequently subject to the phenomenon of erosion-corrosion. They make it possible to obtain a dry vapor of low residual water content, of the order of 0.1%, and consequently to minimize the volumes of water retained in the vapor circuits, and liable to vaporize during vapor pressure drops. However, the separated water is still mixed with steam, and even if it opens into a chamber allowing a certain separation by gravity, it is imperfect.
  • the flowing water still causes a certain amount of steam which is lost for the thermodynamic cycle, which reduces the efficiency of the downstream devices (expansion turbines, exchangers).
  • the steam which rises in this chamber still causes water droplets, so that it is difficult to use without precaution, and in particular risks causing corrosion on its circuit or requiring the use of expensive stainless steel pipes. .
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the above drawbacks, and to provide a vertical separator which makes it possible on the one hand to obtain dry vapor or a gas of low residual content of liquid or solid particles, and on the other hand an additional fraction of vapor or gas freed from most of the residual liquid or solid particles, and containing only a few percent of residual particles, usable in thermodynamic circuits without special precautions. It also aims, in the case of the separation of a mixture of vapor or gas and a liquid, to minimize the quantity of liquid vaporized during a pressure drop of the vapor or gas, and reduce the pressure drop on the dry steam or gas circuit and the overall size of the separator.
  • the separator according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at the bottom of the free volume a convex bottom with convexity facing upwards, an annular ring for collecting the fluid little charged with vapor or gas, and passages regularly arranged between the vertical tubes and allowing substantially dry vapor or gas to escape upward between the vertical tubes.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The elements common to FIGS. 1 and 2 on the one hand, 3 to 5 on the other hand, are represented with marks comprising as a digit hundreds 1 for FIGS. 1 and 2, and 3 for FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the outer casing of the carbon steel separator comprises an upper frustoconical part 101, followed by a cylindrical part 102. Inside the frustoconical part is welded an access sleeve 3 made of stainless steel , to which is fixed a plate 104 for spacing the vertical separation tubes, with the interposition of an expansion joint 5.
  • the separation tubes 106 have flared access orifices 107, joined by their edges so as to form a hexagonal paving (see figure 2).
  • the tubes 106 are provided in the vicinity of their inlet with members 107A imparting a swirling motion to the humid steam. They comprise at their lower end devices 108 for separating the centrifuged water and the dry steam, the latter engaging in an internal tube 109 of smaller diameter.
  • the tubes 109 are welded to a convex bottom 110 and open on the other side of the latter by mouths 111 into a tranquilization chamber for dry steam 112.
  • the latter is connected to a dry steam discharge duct 113 with a large radius of curvature, so as to minimize the pressure drop on the dry steam circuit.
  • the curved bottom 110 constitutes the upper end of a cylindrical shell 14, welded to a circular crown 123, itself welded inside the external shell 102.
  • an outer ferrule 15 also made of stainless steel, the lower part of which defines, with the inner ferrule 14, an annular ring for collecting separate water 116, of small volume.
  • This crown is connected by conduits 117, 118, at 180 ° from each other, to an external receptacle for separate water collection, of significantly larger volume, not shown. In this way, in the event of a pressure drop appearing on the wet steam circuit, the quantity of water liable to re-vaporize is small.
  • a peripheral sheet 19 surrounds the devices 108 for separating the centrifuged water from the dry steam, so as to avoid rising mixed water vapor towards the pipes 120, 121 for evacuating the substantially dry rising steam. between the tubes 106 from the devices 108.
  • the tubes 120, 121 are at 180 ° from one another.
  • the homogenization of the substantially dry vapor flow rates is ensured using deflectors such as 22 in front of the outlet pipes.
  • the relatively low humidity vapor escapes and rises between the tubes 106, passing through slots of defined width formed between these tubes, not shown, then is sent for use by the tubes 120 and 121.
  • the remaining water collects in jets which descend along the outer periphery of the tubes 109 towards the convex bottom 110.
  • the water then flows over this convex bottom towards the periphery thereof, where it collects in the annular crown 116. It is evacuated from this annular crown by the lines 117 and 118 at 180 ° from one another to a container for water recipe, not shown.
  • the separator shell made of stainless steel, so as to resist the erosion-corrosion action of wet steam at high speed, has a frustoconical part 301 on the side of the wet steam inlet , a central cylindrical part 302, and a frustoconical part 313 on the side for the evacuation of dry steam.
  • the bottom 304 for separating the separation tubes 306 has an upwardly raised flange 26, welded on part of its periphery inside the ferrule, and free on the other part of it, as will be described below in more detail.
  • the domed bottom 310 is welded to a circular crown 323, itself welded to the outer shell, and which thus supports all of the separation tubes.
  • the outer shroud like that of FIG. 1, is fitted with pipes 317 for discharging the separated water to a collecting flask (not shown), and pipes for discharging water-depleted vapor 320.
  • the structure of the flat bottom 304 is more visible with reference to FIGS. 4, 5A, 5B.
  • This is welded to the outer shell 301 by means of gussets 27 engaging in notches in the rim 26A (see FIG. 5A), along two sectors 28, forming an angle of 50 °, in the areas where the tubes are relatively far from the bottom edge.
  • Its rim 26B is however free on the rest of the periphery (FIG. 5B), in the zones 29 where the tubes are closer to the rim of the bottom.
  • the upper part of the rim is covered by a double sealing blade 30A, 30B, bolted from place to place and tightened by nuts 35 on tabs 36 welded to the ferrule (FIGS. 5A, 5B).
  • the flat bottom 304 is provided with orifices 31 for discharging the water which is deposited there.
  • These orifices opening onto bent evacuation tubes 32 provided with an expansion bellows 33, and opening to the outside of the shell by a tube 34.
  • These tubes are connected to the same collecting flask as the tubes 317, by l 'intermediate U-shaped tubes providing compensation for the pressure difference.
  • the separators which have just been described with reference to the figures appear to be preferable embodiments, it will be understood that various modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention, some of their members being able to be replaced by others. who would play a similar technical role.
  • the members intended to impart a swirling movement to wet steam can have any suitable shape, as well as those intended to straighten the movement, on the one hand dry steam on the other hand water, at the bottom tubes.
  • the convex bottom separating the liquid chamber and the vapor stilling chamber can be replaced by a conical bottom.
  • the invention applies more particularly to separators of wet water vapor into dry steam and residual water, in particular in power generation plants. However, it can also be applied to the separation of liquid or solid particles conveyed by a vapor or by a gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Senkrechter Separator für ein Gemisch aus Dampf oder Gas und flüssigen oder festen Partikeln, der im Inneren eines äußeren Gehäuses (101, 102) eine Einlaßkammer (3) für das Gemisch und eine Vielzahl vertikaler Rohre (106) aufweist, die an ihrem Eingang (107) mit feststehenden Schaufeln (107A), die dem Gemisch eine schraubenförmige Bewegung verleihen, und an ihrem Ausgang mit einem koaxialen Rohr geringeren Duchmessers (109) versehen sind, das in einer inneren Leitung die Evakuierung von trockenem Dampf oder Gas und im ringförmigen Bereich die Evakuierung eines an flüssigen oder festen Partikeln reicheren Gemischs ermöglicht, wobei der ringförmige Bereich in einen freien Raum mündet, der die Trennung des an flüssigen oder festen Partikeln reicheren Gemischs in einem im wesentlichen trockenen Dampf und ein wenig mit Dampf oder Gas angereichertes Fluid ermöglicht, und wobei die inneren Leitungen in eine Auffangkammer (112) für trockenen Dampf oder Gas münden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er am unteren Ende des freien Raums einen nach oben gewölbten Boden (110), einen ringförmigen Bereich (116) zum Auffangen des wenig mit Dampf oder Gas angereicherten Fluids und regelmäßig zwischen den vertikalen Rohren (106) angeordnete Durchgänge aufweist, die es dem im wesentlichen trockenen Dampf oder dem Gas ermöglichen, zwischen den vertikalen Rohren (106) nach oben zu entweichen.
2. Separator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auffangkammer (112) für trockenen Dampf oder Gas durch ihr unteres Ende mit einer Evakuierungsleitung (113) für den trockenen Dampf oder das Gas verbunden ist, die sich in einem großen Krümmungsradius seitlich von der Achse des Separators entfernt.
3. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der ringförmige Bereich zum Auffangen des wenig mit Dampf oder Gas angereicherten Fluids (116) ein geringes Volumen aufweist und mit einem Behälter großen Volumens zum Auffangen des Fluids außerhalb des Separators verbunden ist.
4. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der ringförmige Bereich zum Auffangen des wenig mit Dampf oder Gas angereicherten Fluids (116) mit dem Auffangbehälter durch mindestens zwei Leitungen (117, 118) verbunden ist, die in regelmäßigen Abständen auf seinem Umfang angeordnet sind.
5. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er zwei oder mehr seitliche, regelmäßig über seinen Umfang verteilte Stutzen (120, 121) zur Evakuierung des im wesentlichen trockenen Dampfes oder des Gases aufweist, der bzw. das zwischen den vertikalen Rohren nach oben entweicht.
6. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aus der Einlaßkammer (3), den vertikalen Trennrohren (106, 109) und dem gewölbten Boden (110) gebildete Einheit durch den unteren Rand des gewölbten Bodens auf einem Ring (123) aufliegt, der an das äußere Gehäuse (101, 102) des Separators angeschweißt ist.
7. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aus Einlaßkammer und freiem Raum um die vertikalen Trennrohre gebildete Einheit, die mit dem gewölbten Boden fest verbunden ist, von einer inneren Hülle (15) aus einem Metall umgeben ist, das der Erosion und Korrosion durch mit hoher Geschwindigkeit zirkulierenden feuchten Wasserdampf widersteht, und daß das äußere Gehäuse (101, 102) aus einem Metall besteht, das nicht resistent gegenüber der Erosion und Korrosion durch mit hoher Geschwindigkeit zirkulierenden feuchten Wasserdampf ist.
8. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ein einziges Gehäuse (301, 302) aufweist, das direkt die Einlaßkammer für das Gemisch und den freien Raum um die Rohre (306, 309) umgibt, und daß der flache Boden (304), der die Einlaßkammer und den freien Raum um die Rohre trennt, mit einem nach oben umgebogenen Rand (26A, 26B) versehen ist, der an zumindest einem Teil (26A) seines Umfangs an das einzige Gehäuse angeschweißt ist.
9. Separator nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der nach oben umgebogene Rand (26A) in den Bereichen (28) an das Gehäuse angeschweißt ist, in denen die vertikalen Rohre (206) relativ weit vom Rand des flachen Bodens (304) entfernt sind, und daß er in den Bereichen (29) freibleibt (26B), in denen sich die vertikalen Rohre (306) relativ nahe am Rand des flachen Bodens (304) befinden.
10. Separator nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenraum zwischen dem nach oben umgebogenen Rand (26A, 26B) des Bodens und dem äußeren Gehäuse (301, 302) mit elastischen Dichtungsbändern (30A, 30B) bedeckt ist, die in Abständen am äußeren Gehäuse (301, 302) befestigt sind.
11. Separator nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der flache Boden (304) auf seinem Umfang mit Öffnungen (31) versehen ist, die mit gekrümmten Rohren (32) zur Evakuierung von sich am Boden sammelndem Wasser aus dem Gehäuse verbunden sind.
12. Separator nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gekrümmten Rohre (32) in einem senkrechten Bereich in der Nähe des flachen Bodens mit Dehnungsbälgen (33) versehen sind.
EP79101381A 1978-05-12 1979-05-07 Vertikal-Abscheider eines Gemisches von Dampf oder Gas mit flüssigen oder festen Teilchen Expired EP0005494B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7814212 1978-05-12
FR7814212A FR2425272A1 (fr) 1978-05-12 1978-05-12 Separateur vertical d'un melange de vapeur ou de gaz et de particules liquides ou solides
FR7908784A FR2452973A2 (fr) 1979-04-06 1979-04-06 Separateur vertical d'un melange de vapeur ou de gaz et de particules liquides ou solides
FR7908784 1979-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0005494A1 EP0005494A1 (de) 1979-11-28
EP0005494B1 true EP0005494B1 (de) 1981-10-14

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EP79101381A Expired EP0005494B1 (de) 1978-05-12 1979-05-07 Vertikal-Abscheider eines Gemisches von Dampf oder Gas mit flüssigen oder festen Teilchen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4280825A (de)
EP (1) EP0005494B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1123756A (de)
DE (1) DE2960977D1 (de)
ES (1) ES480485A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10129198B4 (de) * 2001-06-19 2004-07-22 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Zentrifugalabscheider zum Abscheiden von Wasser

Families Citing this family (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2564750B1 (fr) * 1984-05-23 1989-04-28 Electricite De France Separateur de melanges par centrifugation
FR2576224B2 (fr) * 1985-01-24 1989-06-16 Stein Industrie Separateur de melanges par centrifugation
EP0162441B1 (de) * 1984-05-23 1989-07-26 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite: Zentrifugalseparator für Gemische
US4886644A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-12-12 Texaco Inc. Liquid degaser in an ebullated bed process
FI884183A (fi) * 1988-09-23 1990-03-13 Podolsky Mashinostroitelny Zavod Imeni Ordzhonikidze Centrifugalseparator.
DE69005206T2 (de) * 1989-06-20 1994-06-16 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Vorrichtung zur Tröpfchenabscheidung.
DE10259410B4 (de) * 2002-12-19 2005-08-25 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Aerosolabscheider
US7875103B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2011-01-25 Mueller Environmental Designs, Inc. Sub-micron viscous impingement particle collection and hydraulic removal system
KR101309780B1 (ko) * 2007-04-17 2013-09-23 삼성전자주식회사 진공청소기의 사이클론 집진장치
US20120160187A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Paxton Corporation Zero emission steam generation process
RU2529672C1 (ru) * 2013-07-09 2014-09-27 Шлюмберже Текнолоджи Б.В. Многофазный сепаратор-измеритель

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US1338143A (en) * 1918-05-13 1920-04-27 Frank R Mcgee Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases
DE729104C (de) * 1940-07-25 1942-12-10 Metallgesellschaft Ag Rohrartige Vorrichtung zum Ausscheiden von Fluessigkeiten aus Gaen oder Gasgemischendurch Fliehkraft
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US3253999A (en) * 1961-08-18 1966-05-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Boiling water nuclear reactor with improved vapor separating arrangement
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10129198B4 (de) * 2001-06-19 2004-07-22 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Zentrifugalabscheider zum Abscheiden von Wasser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4280825A (en) 1981-07-28
ES480485A1 (es) 1979-11-16
EP0005494A1 (de) 1979-11-28
DE2960977D1 (en) 1981-12-24
CA1123756A (fr) 1982-05-18

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