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EP0070011B1 - Electroplating apparatus - Google Patents

Electroplating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070011B1
EP0070011B1 EP82106169A EP82106169A EP0070011B1 EP 0070011 B1 EP0070011 B1 EP 0070011B1 EP 82106169 A EP82106169 A EP 82106169A EP 82106169 A EP82106169 A EP 82106169A EP 0070011 B1 EP0070011 B1 EP 0070011B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
liquid
station
electrolyte
partition wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82106169A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0070011A1 (en
Inventor
Hans De Vries
Siegfried Dr. Birkle
Klaus Stöger
Johann Gehring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT82106169T priority Critical patent/ATE11433T1/en
Publication of EP0070011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070011A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070011B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070011B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/16Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk
    • C25D17/18Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk having closed containers
    • C25D17/20Horizontal barrels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the electrolytic deposition of metals on objects, consisting of a galvanizing trough, in which an electrolyte is located during operation, a drum arranged in this galvanizing trough and connected to the one pole of a voltage source, in which the galvanizing objects are in operation, as well as an anode, which is connected to the other pole of the voltage source.
  • Such a device is already known, in particular for the electroplating of small objects.
  • the fully lockable drum is filled with a batch of the items to be electroplated, then placed in the electrolyte bath and rotated for a predetermined time.
  • Such devices are unsuitable for carrying out a continuous electroplating process. They are also unsuitable when it comes to the electrodeposition of metal from an oxygen-free and water-free electrolyte, an atmosphere of inert gas preferably having to be maintained over the electrolyte during the entire process.
  • a device is now known from German Patent 25 37 256, in which a galvanizing trough with an annular electrolyte trough is used, the annular inner wall of which is closed by a disk-shaped wall part above the electrolyte, while on the outer wall, which extends to a higher level, a closing cover is attached.
  • a contacting device is provided between the disk-shaped wall part and the cover, which has a series of support arms which are connected at their inner end to the axis of rotation of a drive mechanism. The other ends of the support arms, which protrude above the electrolyte in the annular trough, serve as a base for hanging goods racks to which the objects to be galvanized must be attached.
  • These goods racks are first placed in a lock chamber which is arranged above the lid of the electrolyte trough and which can be filled with an inert gas. From there, the goods racks are lowered through a lockable door into the electroplating trough and hung on one of the support arms. The removal of the goods racks is done in reverse order.
  • This known device is only suitable for the electroplating of objects that can be attached to racks.
  • This device is uneconomical for the electroplating of small objects with large quantities, such as bolts, nuts, screws, spacer bushings and the like, because the clamping of such objects would be very labor intensive and therefore very expensive.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a device with which it is possible to galvanize even small objects in a continuous process without these having to be clamped.
  • the drum is designed as a cylinder rotatable about its longitudinal axis with open ends and in that the drum with guide means for moving the objects to be galvanized through the drum from an entrance station provided with transport means one open end to a transport station at the other open end of the drum.
  • the objects to be electroplated are then brought into one open end of the rotatable drum by the transport means mentioned in the entry station.
  • the guide means in the drum Through the guide means in the drum, the objects are gradually conveyed to the other open end of the drum, where the transport means present there ensure the delivery of the galvanized objects to the outside of the facility.
  • the electroplating trough is designed to be gas-tightly lockable, an inert gas being insertable above the electrolyte and the entrance station and the exit station contain liquid locks.
  • both the entrance station and the exit station are each provided with a partition projecting above the level of the electrolyte between the electroplating trough in which the drum is located and the liquid locks of the entrance station and the exit station, the Liquid locks of the entrance station and the exit station are filled with liquid up to a level below the edge of the partition and are provided with a further partition extending from the upper housing part down into the liquid.
  • the device consists of an elongated electroplating trough 1, which at one end by an entrance station 2 arranged mainly transversely to the longitudinal direction of this electroplating trough 1 and at the other end also by an also mainly transversely to the longitudinal direction the electroplating tub 1 arranged output station 3 is completed.
  • the electroplating trough 1 and the input and output stations 2 and 3 are arranged on a foundation 9, which is indicated schematically in the figures.
  • an elongated drum 4 which is rotatably mounted on a number of pairs of rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8.
  • each of these pairs of rollers is provided with 2 wheels or rollers 5a and 5b, which are fastened at some distance from one another in the electroplating trough.
  • the corresponding rollers 5a, 6a, 7a and 8a like the corresponding rollers 5b, 6b, 7b and 8b, are aligned with one another in such a way that drum 4 provided with a number of reinforcing and guide rings 10 to 13 on these pairs of rollers 5 to 8 is rotatably mounted.
  • the drum 4 is provided with guide means 15 in the form of ribs which are spirally attached to the inner surface and extend over this inner surface. When the drum 4 rotates, these ribs ensure that the small objects to be electroplated in the drum 4 are gradually conveyed from the entry station 2 to the exit station 3.
  • the input station 2 contains a liquid lock which directly adjoins the electroplating trough 1. Its housing 20 runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electroplating trough 1, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a partition 21 is attached in the housing 20 of the input station 2, the upper edge 22 of which extends over the level 23 of the electrolyte 16 in the electroplating trough 1. The space on the other side of the partition 21 is to form a liquid lock up to the edge 22 of the partition 21 with liquid 17, for. B. toluene filled.
  • a further partition wall 24 extends from the upper housing part 28 of the input station 2 into this liquid 17. As shown in FIG.
  • an insertion funnel 29 is located to the left of this further partition wall 24, through which the objects to be galvanized can be introduced into the input station 2 .
  • the partition wall 24 extending into the liquid 17 ensures that the space above the liquid 17 and above the electrolyte 16 in the electroplating trough 1, in which there is an inert gas, is closed off from the outside world, so that on the one hand via the input station 2 no inert gas can escape and on the other hand no oxygen can enter this space.
  • the objects to be electroplated are fed to the introduction funnel 29 shown schematically in FIG.
  • the articles are gradually conveyed from the input station 2 to the output station 3 by the rib-shaped guide means 15 during the rotation of the drum 4.
  • the output station 3 like the input station 2, consists of a self-contained housing 30 which connects to the electroplating trough 1. As FIG. 3 shows in more detail, there is also a partition 31 in the housing 30 of the starting station 3, the upper edge 32 of which protrudes above the level 23 of the electrolyte 17 in the electroplating trough 1.
  • the exit station 3 also contains a liquid lock.
  • this partition 31 which is filled with liquid 18, e.g. B. toluene is filled.
  • a further partition wall 34 extends from the upper housing part 19 of the exit station 3 into this liquid 18.
  • This further partition wall 34 has the same function as the further partition wall 24 in the entrance station 2.
  • the galvanized objects emerging from the drum 4 are via a funnel-shaped outlet 35 directed in the direction of the lower end of a conveyor belt 36, the other end of which is led out of the electrolyte and extends up to or past the edge 32 of the partition 31.
  • the galvanized objects transported out of the electrolyte 16 via this conveyor belt 36 are removed from the adhering electrolyte by means of a series of. Before they leave this conveyor belt 36 Spray nozzles 37, with which a liquid (for example toluene) is sprayed, which preferably itself forms part of the electrolyte, are cleaned.
  • a liquid for example toluene
  • the cleaned objects pass via a funnel-shaped component 38 to a part of another conveyor belt 39 immersed in the liquid 18, the other end of which ends on the other side of the further partition 34 of the liquid lock above this liquid 18 and up to Exit opening runs in the exit station 3, which in the present case is a funnel-shaped nozzle 40.
  • an elongated anode 50 is located centrally in the drum 4, the ends of which are supported in an insulating manner.
  • the drum 4 is made of perforated material, and there are further curved plate-shaped anodes 51, 52 and 53 on the outside of the drum 4.
  • These curved plate-shaped anodes 51, 52 and 53 preferably extend at an angle a (see Fig. 2), which is chosen so that these plate-shaped anodes are very close during the electroplating process in the vicinity of the objects to be electroplated because of the rotation of the drum 4 slightly creeping up the drum wall.
  • the device described above is particularly suitable for the galvanic deposition of aluminum from an oxygen-free and water-free aluminum-organic electrolyte. However, it is easy to see that the device according to the invention can also be used for the deposition of other metals from a corresponding electrolyte.
  • the device according to the invention can be used for all galvanic processes in which the access of oxygen must be avoided during the process, for example because the electrolyte is thereby deteriorated or because vapors are released during the electroplating process which can form an undesired connection with oxygen.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment of the device described above, but that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the hopper with metering shaker channel at the entrance to the entrance station can be replaced by another type of transport mechanism, for example by a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor or the like lie, which leads to a different form of space in which the system must be accommodated.
  • the guide means in the drum can also be designed as a loose blade, which are arranged relative to one another so that when the drum rotates, the parts to be treated move in the axial direction.
  • liquid locks in the entrance and exit station instead of the liquid locks in the entrance and exit station, other locks, e.g. B. gas locks can be used.
  • a liquid which is compatible with the electrolyte, for example toluene, is preferably used for the liquid locks.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A device for continuously processing an article such as by electroplating including a tank equipped with a horizontally disposed rotating electroplating drum, an entry station disposed for introducing an article to one end of the drum and an exit station for removing the processed article from the drum. The electroplating tank as well as the entrance and exit stations are provided with gas-tight seals so that the device may be utilized for an oxygen-free and water-free aluminum-organic electrolyte for the electrodeposition of aluminum. Preferably, the entrance and exit stations contain liquid locks to prevent the controlled atmosphere above the electrolyte from being contaminated.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung für das elektrolytische Abscheiden von Metallen auf Gegenständen, bestehend aus einer Galvanisierwanne, in der sich während des Betriebes ein Elektrolyt befindet, einer in dieser Galvanisierwanne angeordneten und mit dem einen Pol einer Spannungsquelle verbundenen Trommel, in der die zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände sich während des Betriebes befinden, sowie einer Anode, die mit dem anderen Pol der Spannungsquelle verbunden ist.The invention relates to a device for the electrolytic deposition of metals on objects, consisting of a galvanizing trough, in which an electrolyte is located during operation, a drum arranged in this galvanizing trough and connected to the one pole of a voltage source, in which the galvanizing objects are in operation, as well as an anode, which is connected to the other pole of the voltage source.

Eine solche Einrichtung ist bereits bekannt, insbesondere für das Galvanisieren von kleinen Gegenständen. Die ganz abschließbare Trommel wird mit einer Charge der zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände gefüllt, dann in das Elektrolytbad gebracht und während einer vorausbestimmten Zeit gedreht. Solche Einrichtungen sind für die Durchführung eines fortlaufenden Galvanisiervorganges ungeeignet. Außerdem sind sie dann ungeeignet, wenn es sich um das galvanische Abscheiden von Metall aus einem sauerstofffreien und wasserfreien Elektrolyten handelt, wobei über dem Elektrolyten während des gesamten Vorgangs vorzugsweise eine Atmosphäre aus inertem Gas erhalten bleiben muß.Such a device is already known, in particular for the electroplating of small objects. The fully lockable drum is filled with a batch of the items to be electroplated, then placed in the electrolyte bath and rotated for a predetermined time. Such devices are unsuitable for carrying out a continuous electroplating process. They are also unsuitable when it comes to the electrodeposition of metal from an oxygen-free and water-free electrolyte, an atmosphere of inert gas preferably having to be maintained over the electrolyte during the entire process.

Nunmehr ist aus der deutschen Patentschrift 25 37 256 eine Einrichtung bekannt, bei der eine Galvanisierwanne mit einem ringförmigen Elektrolyttrog verwendet wird, dessen ringförmige Innenwand über dem Elektrolyten durch einen scheibenförmigen Wandteil geschlossen ist, während auf der bis zu einem höheren Niveau reichenden Außenwand ein abschließender Deckel befestigt ist. Zwischen dem scheibenförmigen Wandteil und dem Deckel ist eine Kontaktiervorrichtung vorgesehen, die eine Reihe von Tragarmen aufweist, die mit ihrem inneren Ende mit der Rotationsachse eines Antriebsmechanismus verbunden sind. Die bis über den Elektrolyten in dem ringförmigen Trog herausragenden anderen Enden der Tragarme dienen als Stützpunkt für das Aufhängen von Warengestellen, an denen die zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände befestigt werden müssen. Diese Warengestelle werden zunächst in eine über dem Deckel des Elektrolyttroges angeordnete Schleusenkammer gebracht, die mit einem inerten Gas gefüllt werden kann. Von dort aus werden die Warengestelle durch eine verschließbare Tür in die Galvanisierwanne heruntergelassen und an einem der Tragarme aufgehängt. Das Entfernen der Warengestelle erfolgt in umgekehrter Reihenfolge.A device is now known from German Patent 25 37 256, in which a galvanizing trough with an annular electrolyte trough is used, the annular inner wall of which is closed by a disk-shaped wall part above the electrolyte, while on the outer wall, which extends to a higher level, a closing cover is attached. A contacting device is provided between the disk-shaped wall part and the cover, which has a series of support arms which are connected at their inner end to the axis of rotation of a drive mechanism. The other ends of the support arms, which protrude above the electrolyte in the annular trough, serve as a base for hanging goods racks to which the objects to be galvanized must be attached. These goods racks are first placed in a lock chamber which is arranged above the lid of the electrolyte trough and which can be filled with an inert gas. From there, the goods racks are lowered through a lockable door into the electroplating trough and hung on one of the support arms. The removal of the goods racks is done in reverse order.

Diese bekannte Einrichtung ist nur für das Galvanisieren von Gegenständen geeignet, die auf Gestellen befestigt werden können. Für das Galvanisieren von kleinen Gegenständen mit großen Stückzahlen, wie Bolzen, Muttern, Schrauben, Abstandsbuchsen und dergleichen ist diese Einrichtung unwirtschaftlich, weil das Aufspannen solcher Gegenstände sehr arbeitsintensiv und deshalb sehrteuer wäre.This known device is only suitable for the electroplating of objects that can be attached to racks. This device is uneconomical for the electroplating of small objects with large quantities, such as bolts, nuts, screws, spacer bushings and the like, because the clamping of such objects would be very labor intensive and therefore very expensive.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, mit der es möglich ist, in einem fortlaufenden Prozeß auch kleine Gegenstände zu galvanisieren, ohne daß diese aufgespannt zu werden brauchen.The present invention has for its object to provide a device with which it is possible to galvanize even small objects in a continuous process without these having to be clamped.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Einrichtung gemäß der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, daß die Trommel als ein um seine Längsachse drehbarer Zylinder mit offenen Enden ausgeführt ist und daß die Trommel mit Führungsmitteln für das Bewegen der zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände durch die Trommel von einer mit Transportmitteln versehenen Eingangsstation an dem einen offenen Ende zu einer mit Transportmitteln versehenen Ausgangsstation an dem anderen offenen Ende der Trommel ausgerüstet ist. Die zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände werden nun durch die genannten Transportmittel in der Eingangsstation in das eine offene Ende der drehbaren Trommel gebracht. Durch die Führungsmittel in der Trommel werden die Gegenstände allmählich zu dem anderen offenen Ende der Trommel gefördert, wo die dort vorhandenen Transportmittel das Ausbringen der galvanisierten Gegenstände nach außerhalb der Einrichtung besorgen.This object is achieved with a device according to the invention in that the drum is designed as a cylinder rotatable about its longitudinal axis with open ends and in that the drum with guide means for moving the objects to be galvanized through the drum from an entrance station provided with transport means one open end to a transport station at the other open end of the drum. The objects to be electroplated are then brought into one open end of the rotatable drum by the transport means mentioned in the entry station. Through the guide means in the drum, the objects are gradually conveyed to the other open end of the drum, where the transport means present there ensure the delivery of the galvanized objects to the outside of the facility.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die insbesondere für das galvanische Abscheiden von Aluminium aus einem von vornherein sauerstofffreien und wasserfreien aluminium-organischen Elektrolyten bestimmt ist, ist die Galvanisierwanne gasdicht abschließbar ausgeführt, wobei über dem Elektrolyten ein inertes Gas einführbar ist und wobei die Eingangsstation und die Ausgangsstation Flüssigkeitsschleusen enthalten.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended in particular for the electrodeposition of aluminum from an oxygen-free and water-free aluminum-organic electrolyte from the outset, the electroplating trough is designed to be gas-tightly lockable, an inert gas being insertable above the electrolyte and the entrance station and the exit station contain liquid locks.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind sowohl die Eingangsstation als auch die Ausgangsstation mit je einer bis über das Niveau des Elektrolyten ragenden Trennwand zwischen der Galvanisierwanne, in der sich die Trommel befindet, und den Flüssigkeitsschleusen der Eingangsstation bzw. der Ausgangsstation versehen sind, wobei die Flüssigkeitsschleusen der Eingangsstation und der Ausgangsstation mit Flüssigkeit bis zu einem Niveau unter dem Rand der Trennwand gefüllt sind und mit einer weiteren von dem oberen Gehäuseteil bis in die Flüssigkeit herunterreichenden weiteren Trennwand versehen sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the entrance station and the exit station are each provided with a partition projecting above the level of the electrolyte between the electroplating trough in which the drum is located and the liquid locks of the entrance station and the exit station, the Liquid locks of the entrance station and the exit station are filled with liquid up to a level below the edge of the partition and are provided with a further partition extending from the upper housing part down into the liquid.

Diese weiteren Trennwände grenzen den Raum über dem Elektrolyten in der Galvanisierwanne von den Räumen über der Flüssigkeit der Flüssigkeitsschleusen der Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangsstation ab, also von den Räumen, die während der Durchführung des Galvanisierprozesses vorzugsweise mit einem trägen Gas gefüllt sind.These further partition walls delimit the space above the electrolyte in the electroplating trough from the spaces above the liquid of the liquid locks of the entrance or exit station, that is to say from the spaces which are preferably filled with an inert gas during the execution of the electroplating process.

Weitere Vorteile, Kennzeichen und Eigenschaften der Einrichtung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further advantages, characteristics and properties of the device result from the following description of an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Anhand der Zeichnung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel schematisch dargestellt ist, wird die Erfindung näher erläutert; es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Vorderansicht einer Einrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht einer nach der Linie 11-11 geschnittenen Eingangsstation der Einrichtung nach Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 eine Schnittansicht einer nach der Linie 111-111 geschnittenen Ausgangsstation der Einrichtung nach Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which an exemplary embodiment is shown schematically; it shows
  • 1 is a front view of a device,
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an input station cut along the line 11-11 of the device of Fig. 1 and
  • 3 shows a sectional view of an exit station of the device according to FIG. 1 cut along the line 111-111.

Im folgenden Text sind die in den verschiedenen Figuren vorkommenden gleichen Einzelteile mit denselben Bezugsziffern gekennzeichnet.In the following text, the same individual parts occurring in the different figures are identified with the same reference numbers.

Wie aus den Figuren zu ersehen ist, besteht die Einrichtung aus einer langgestreckten Galvanisierwanne 1, die an dem einen Ende durch eine in der Hauptsache quer zur Längsrichtung dieser Galvanisierwanne 1 angeordneten Eingangsstation 2 und an dem anderen Ende durch eine ebenfalls in der Hauptsache quer zur Längsrichtung der Galvanisierwanne 1 angeordneten Ausgangsstation 3 abgeschlossen ist. Die Galvanisierwanne 1 und die Eingangs- und Ausgangsstation 2 und 3 sind auf einem in den Figuren schematisch angedeuteten Fundament 9 angeordnet. In der Galvanisierwanne 1 befindet sich eine langgestreckte Trommel 4, die auf einer Anzahl von Rollenpaaren 5, 6, 7 und 8 drehbar gelagert ist. Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, wo das Rollenpaar 5 mehr im Detail sichtbar ist, ist jedes dieser Rollenpaare mit 2 Rädern oder Rollen 5a und 5b versehen, die in einigem Abstand voneinander in der Galvanisierwanne befestigt sind. Die entsprechenden Rollen 5a, 6a, 7a und 8a sind, ebenso wie die entsprechenden Rollen 5b, 6b, 7b und 8b, so untereinander ausgerichtet, daß mit einer Anzahl von Verstärkungs-und Führungsringen 10 bis 13 versehene Trommel 4 auf diesen Rollenpaaren 5 bis 8 drehbar gelagert ist. An der Galvanisierwanne 1 befindet sich weiter eine Antriebseinheit 14, die auf eine nicht näher angedeutete Weise für den Drehantrieb der Trommel 4 sorgt. Die Trommel 4 ist mit Führungsmitteln 15 in Form von auf der Innenoberfläche spiralförmig angebrachten, über diese Innenoberfläche verlaufenden Rippen versehen. Wenn sich die Trommel 4 dreht, dann sorgen diese Rippen dafür, daß die in der Trommel 4 befindlichen zu galvanisierenden kleinen Gegenstände allmählich von der Eingangsstation 2 zur Ausgangsstation 3 befördert werden.As can be seen from the figures, the device consists of an elongated electroplating trough 1, which at one end by an entrance station 2 arranged mainly transversely to the longitudinal direction of this electroplating trough 1 and at the other end also by an also mainly transversely to the longitudinal direction the electroplating tub 1 arranged output station 3 is completed. The electroplating trough 1 and the input and output stations 2 and 3 are arranged on a foundation 9, which is indicated schematically in the figures. In the electroplating tub 1 there is an elongated drum 4 which is rotatably mounted on a number of pairs of rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 2, where the pair of rollers 5 is more visible in detail, each of these pairs of rollers is provided with 2 wheels or rollers 5a and 5b, which are fastened at some distance from one another in the electroplating trough. The corresponding rollers 5a, 6a, 7a and 8a, like the corresponding rollers 5b, 6b, 7b and 8b, are aligned with one another in such a way that drum 4 provided with a number of reinforcing and guide rings 10 to 13 on these pairs of rollers 5 to 8 is rotatably mounted. On the electroplating trough 1 there is also a drive unit 14, which ensures the rotary drive of the drum 4 in a manner not indicated in any more detail. The drum 4 is provided with guide means 15 in the form of ribs which are spirally attached to the inner surface and extend over this inner surface. When the drum 4 rotates, these ribs ensure that the small objects to be electroplated in the drum 4 are gradually conveyed from the entry station 2 to the exit station 3.

Anstelle einer einzelnen Rippe können auch mehrere ineinandergreifende spiralförmige Rippen verwendet werden.Instead of a single rib, several interlocking spiral ribs can also be used.

Die Eingangsstation 2 enthält bei dem gewählten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Flüssigkeitsschleuse, die sich unmittelbar an die Galvanisierwanne 1 anschließt. Ihr Gehäuse 20 verläuft senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Galvanisierwanne 1, wie Fig. 2 zeigt. In dem Gehäuse 20 der Eingangsstation 2 ist eine Trennwand 21 angebracht, deren oberer Rand 22 sich über das Niveau 23 des Elektrolyten 16 in der Galvanisierwanne 1 erstreckt. Der Raum an der anderen Seite der Trennwand 21 ist zur Bildung einer Flüssigkeitsschleuse bis unter den Rand 22 der Trennwand 21 mit Flüssigkeit 17, z. B. Toluol, gefüllt. Von dem oberen Gehäuseteil 28 der Eingangsstation 2 verläuft eine weitere Trennwand 24 bis in diese Flüssigkeit 17. Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, befindet sich links von dieser weiteren Trennwand 24 ein Einführtrichter 29, durch den die zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände in die Eingangsstation 2 eingebracht werden können. Die bis in die Flüssigkeit 17 reichende Trennwand 24 sorgt dafür, daß der Raum über der Flüssigkeit 17 und über dem Elektrolyten 16 in der Galvanisierwanne 1, in dem sich ein inertes Gas befindet, von der Außenwelt abgeschlossen ist, so daß über die Eingangsstation 2 einerseits kein inertes Gas entweichen kann und andererseits kein Sauerstoff in diesen Raum eintreten kann. Die zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände werden den in Fig. 2 schematisch wiedergegebenen Einführtrichter 29 mit einer Dosierschüttelrinne 25 zugeführt und gelangen dann auf ein in der Eingangsstation 2 angeordnetes Transportband 26, dessen eines Ende sich unter der Trennwand 24 der Flüssigkeitsschleuse bis an die eine Seite dieser Trennwand 24 in der Flüssigkeit 17 erstreckt und dessen anderes Ende auf der anderen Seite der Trennwand 24 über der Flüssigkeit 17 herauskommt und sich bis zur oder vorbei an der Trennwand 21 erstreckt. Die über den Einführtrichter 29 mit der Dosierschüttelrinne 25 eingebrachten Gegenstände werden von diesem Transportband 26 aus der Flüssigkeit 17 der Flüssigkeitsschleuse nach oben transportiert und gelangen dann über einen Trichter 27 zum vorderen Ende der Trommel 4.In the selected exemplary embodiment, the input station 2 contains a liquid lock which directly adjoins the electroplating trough 1. Its housing 20 runs perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electroplating trough 1, as shown in FIG. 2. A partition 21 is attached in the housing 20 of the input station 2, the upper edge 22 of which extends over the level 23 of the electrolyte 16 in the electroplating trough 1. The space on the other side of the partition 21 is to form a liquid lock up to the edge 22 of the partition 21 with liquid 17, for. B. toluene filled. A further partition wall 24 extends from the upper housing part 28 of the input station 2 into this liquid 17. As shown in FIG. 2, an insertion funnel 29 is located to the left of this further partition wall 24, through which the objects to be galvanized can be introduced into the input station 2 . The partition wall 24 extending into the liquid 17 ensures that the space above the liquid 17 and above the electrolyte 16 in the electroplating trough 1, in which there is an inert gas, is closed off from the outside world, so that on the one hand via the input station 2 no inert gas can escape and on the other hand no oxygen can enter this space. The objects to be electroplated are fed to the introduction funnel 29 shown schematically in FIG. 2 with a metering shaker trough 25 and then reach a conveyor belt 26 arranged in the input station 2, one end of which is located under the partition wall 24 of the liquid lock to one side of this partition wall 24 extends in the liquid 17 and the other end of which comes out on the other side of the partition 24 above the liquid 17 and extends to or past the partition 21. The objects introduced via the insertion funnel 29 with the metering shaker channel 25 are transported upwards by this conveyor belt 26 from the liquid 17 of the liquid lock and then reach the front end of the drum 4 via a funnel 27.

Wie bereits bemerkt wurde, werden die Gegenstände von den rippenförmigen Führungsmitteln 15 während der Drehung der Trommel 4 allmählich von der Eingangsstation 2 zur Ausgangsstation 3 befördert.As already noted, the articles are gradually conveyed from the input station 2 to the output station 3 by the rib-shaped guide means 15 during the rotation of the drum 4.

Die Ausgangsstation 3 besteht ebenso wie die Eingangsstation 2 aus einem in sich geschlossenen Gehäuse 30, das sich an die Galvanisierwanne 1 anschließt. Wie Fig. 3 mehr im Detail zeigt, befindet sich auch im Gehäuse 30 der Ausgangsstation 3 eine Trennwand 31, deren oberer Rand 32 über das Niveau 23 des Elektrolyten 17 in der Galvanisierwanne 1 herausragt.The output station 3, like the input station 2, consists of a self-contained housing 30 which connects to the electroplating trough 1. As FIG. 3 shows in more detail, there is also a partition 31 in the housing 30 of the starting station 3, the upper edge 32 of which protrudes above the level 23 of the electrolyte 17 in the electroplating trough 1.

Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, enthält auch die Ausgangsstation 3 eine Flüssigkeitsschleuse. Zu diesem Zweck befindet sich auf der rechten Seite dieser Trennwand 31 ein Raum, der bis unter den Rand 32 mit Flüssigkeit 18, z. B. Toluol, gefüllt ist. Von dem oberen Gehäuseteil 19 der Ausgangsstation 3 erstreckt sich eine weitere Trennwand 34 bis in diese Flüssigkeit 18. Diese weitere Trennwand 34 hat dieselbe Funktion wie die weitere Trennwand 24 in der Eingangsstation 2. Die aus der Trommel 4 austretenden galvanisierten Gegenstände werden über einen trichterförmigen Auslaß 35 in die Richtung des unteren Endes eines Transportbandes 36 gelenkt, dessen anderes Ende aus dem Elektrolyten herausgeführt ist und sich bis zu oder vorbei an den Rand 32 der Trennwand 31 erstreckt. Die über dieses Transportband 36 aus dem Elektrolyten 16 hinaustransportierten galvanisierten Gegenstände werden, bevor sie dieses Transportband 36 verlassen, vom anhaftenden Elektrolyten mittels einer Reihe von Sprühdüsen 37, mit denen eine Flüssigkeit (z. B. Toluol) verspritzt wird, die vorzugsweise selbst einen Bestandteil des Elektrolyten bildet, gereinigt.As shown in FIG. 3, the exit station 3 also contains a liquid lock. For this purpose, there is a space on the right side of this partition 31 which is filled with liquid 18, e.g. B. toluene is filled. A further partition wall 34 extends from the upper housing part 19 of the exit station 3 into this liquid 18. This further partition wall 34 has the same function as the further partition wall 24 in the entrance station 2. The galvanized objects emerging from the drum 4 are via a funnel-shaped outlet 35 directed in the direction of the lower end of a conveyor belt 36, the other end of which is led out of the electrolyte and extends up to or past the edge 32 of the partition 31. The galvanized objects transported out of the electrolyte 16 via this conveyor belt 36 are removed from the adhering electrolyte by means of a series of. Before they leave this conveyor belt 36 Spray nozzles 37, with which a liquid (for example toluene) is sprayed, which preferably itself forms part of the electrolyte, are cleaned.

Von dem oberen Ende des Transportbandes 36 gelangen die gereinigten Gegenstände über ein trichterförmiges Bauteil 38 auf einen in die Flüssigkeit 18 eintauchenden Teil eines weiteren Transportbandes 39, dessen anderes Ende auf der anderen Seite der weiteren Trennwand 34 der Flüssigkeitsschleuse über dieser Flüssigkeit 18 endet und bis zur Ausgangsöffnung in der Ausgangsstation 3 verläuft, die im vorliegenden Fall ein trichterförmiger Stutzen 40 ist.From the upper end of the conveyor belt 36, the cleaned objects pass via a funnel-shaped component 38 to a part of another conveyor belt 39 immersed in the liquid 18, the other end of which ends on the other side of the further partition 34 of the liquid lock above this liquid 18 and up to Exit opening runs in the exit station 3, which in the present case is a funnel-shaped nozzle 40.

Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, befindet sich in der Trommel 4 zentral eine langgestreckte Anode 50, deren Enden isolierend abgestützt sind. Der Übersicht halber ist nur die Abstützung 55 links in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellt, während die Abstützung auf der rechten Seite nicht dargestellt ist. Auch die Art, in der die Anode 50 mit der für den Elektrolyseprozeß erforderlichen Spannungsquelle verbunden ist, ist in der Figur nicht dargestellt. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Trommel 4 aus perforiertem Material hergestellt, und es befinden sich an der Außenseite der Trommel 4 weitere gebogene plattenförmige Anoden 51, 52 und 53. Diese gebogenen plattenförmigen Anoden 51, 52 und 53 erstrecken sich vorzugsweise über einen Winkel a (siehe Fig. 2), der so gewählt ist, daß diese plattenförmigen Anoden sich während des Galvanisiervorganges sehr dicht in der Nähe der wegen der Drehung der Trommel 4 etwas an der Trommelwand hochkriechenden zu galvanisierenden Gegenstände befinden.As is apparent from FIG. 1, an elongated anode 50 is located centrally in the drum 4, the ends of which are supported in an insulating manner. For the sake of clarity, only the support 55 on the left in FIG. 1 is shown schematically, while the support on the right side is not shown. The manner in which the anode 50 is connected to the voltage source required for the electrolysis process is also not shown in the figure. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drum 4 is made of perforated material, and there are further curved plate-shaped anodes 51, 52 and 53 on the outside of the drum 4. These curved plate-shaped anodes 51, 52 and 53 preferably extend at an angle a (see Fig. 2), which is chosen so that these plate-shaped anodes are very close during the electroplating process in the vicinity of the objects to be electroplated because of the rotation of the drum 4 slightly creeping up the drum wall.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Einrichtung ist besonders für das galvanische Abscheiden von Aluminium aus einem sauerstoff- und wasserfreien aluminium-organischen Elektrolyten geeignet. Es ist aber leicht einzusehen, daß die Einrichtung gemäß der Erfindung auch für das Abscheiden anderer Metalle aus einem entsprechenden Elektrolyten verwendet werden kann.The device described above is particularly suitable for the galvanic deposition of aluminum from an oxygen-free and water-free aluminum-organic electrolyte. However, it is easy to see that the device according to the invention can also be used for the deposition of other metals from a corresponding electrolyte.

Die Einrichtung gemäß der Erfindung kann für alle galvanischen Prozesse verwendet werden, bei denen während des Prozesses der Zutritt von Sauerstoff vermieden werden muß, weil beispielsweise dadurch der Elektrolyt verschlechtert wird oder weil während des Galvanisierprozesses Dämpfe freiwerden, die mit Sauerstoff eine ungewünschte Verbindung bilden können.The device according to the invention can be used for all galvanic processes in which the access of oxygen must be avoided during the process, for example because the electrolyte is thereby deteriorated or because vapors are released during the electroplating process which can form an undesired connection with oxygen.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 16 und 17.Further features of the invention result from subclaims 16 and 17.

Es ist verständlich, daß die Erfindung nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform der Einrichtung beschränkt ist, sondern daß verschiedene Modifikationen und Änderungen angebracht werden können, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, anstelle von Transportbändern Eimerkettenförderer zu verwenden; der Trichter mit Dosierschüttelrinne am Eingang der Eingangsstation kann durch eine andere Art Transportmechanismus ersetzt werden, beispielsweise durch ein Transportband oder einen Schneckenförderer oder dgl. Auch die relative Anordnung der Eingangs- und Ausgangsstation zur Galvanisierwanne kann so gewählt sein, daß diese nicht quer, sondern hintereinander liegen, was zu einer anderen Form des Raumes führt, in dem die Anlage untergebracht werden muß. Weiterhin können die Führungsmittel in der Trommel auch als lose Schaufel ausgeführt sein, die so zueinander angeordnet sind, daß bei Drehung der Trommel eine Fortbewegung der zu behandelnden Teile in Achsrichtung erfolgt.It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiment of the device described above, but that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, it is possible to use bucket chain conveyors instead of conveyor belts; the hopper with metering shaker channel at the entrance to the entrance station can be replaced by another type of transport mechanism, for example by a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor or the like lie, which leads to a different form of space in which the system must be accommodated. Furthermore, the guide means in the drum can also be designed as a loose blade, which are arranged relative to one another so that when the drum rotates, the parts to be treated move in the axial direction.

Anstelle der Flüssigkeitsschleusen in der Eingangs- und Ausgangsstation können auch andere Schleusen, z. B. Gasschleusen verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise wird für die Flüssigkeitsschleusen eine Flüssigkeit verwendet, die sich mit dem Elektrolyten verträgt, beispielsweise Toluol.

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Instead of the liquid locks in the entrance and exit station, other locks, e.g. B. gas locks can be used. A liquid which is compatible with the electrolyte, for example toluene, is preferably used for the liquid locks.
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002

Claims (17)

1. Apparatus for the electrodeposition of metal on articles, consisting of an electrolytic bath which contains an electrolyte in operation; a drum which is arranged in this electrolytic bath and is connected to one pole of a voltage source, and which in operation, contains the articles to be electroplated; and an anode which is connected to the other pole of the voltage source, characterised in that the drum is in the form of a cylinder which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis and which has open ends; and that the drum (4) is provided with guide means (15) for moving the articles to be electroplated through the drum (4) from an input station (2) which is provided with transport means (26) and which is arranged at the one open end, to an output station (3) which is provided with transport means (36, 39) and is arranged at the other open end of the drum (4).
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the electrolytic bath (1) is so designed as to be able to be sealed in gas-tight manner for the electrodeposition of aluminium from an organoaluminium electrolyte which is free from oxygen and water, that it is possible to introduce an inert gas into the electrolytic bath above the electrolyte (16); and that the input station (2) and the output station (3) are provided with liquid traps.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that both the input station (2) and the output station (3) are each provided with a partition wall (21 and 31), which projects above the level of the electrolyte (16), between the electro- fytic bath (1) which contains the drum (4) and the liquid traps of the input station (2) and output station (3), the liquid traps of the input station (2) and output station (3) being filled with liquid (17 and 18 resp.) up to a level (23) below the edge (22 to 32) of the partition wall (21 and 31) and being provided with a further partition wall (24 and 34) which extends from the upper part of the housing (28 and 19) down into the liquid (17 and 18).
4. Apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the transport means in the input station (2) includes a conveyor belt (26) which is arranged in such a way that its one end extends on one side of a further partition wall (24) in the liquid and the other end emerges on the other side of the partition wall (24) above the liquid (17) of the liquid trap and extends to the edge (22) of the partition wall (21).
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the articles to be electroplated can be transported by a dispensing shaking channel (25) through an inlet opening in the input station (2) to above the one end of the conveyor belt (26).
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the other end of the conveyor belt (26) terminates above a funnel, the other end of which extends into the one end of the drum (4).
7. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised the transport means in the output station (3) includes a conveyor belt (39) which is arranged in such a way that its one end is arranged on one side of the further partition wall (34) in the liquid (18), and its other end on the other side of the further partition wall (34) above the liquid (18) of the liquid trap, and extends to the output opening in the output station (3).
8. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the electroplated articles can be transported from the other end of the drum (4) to the liquid trap of the output station (3) by means of a further conveyor belt (36), the one end of which extends in the electrolyte (16) to below the relevant end of the drum (4), whilst its other end extends on the other side of the partition wall (31) to above the liquid (18) in the liquid trap of the output station (3).
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that a funnel-shaped member (38) is arranged between that end of the further conveyor belt (36) which projects beyond the liquid (18) and that end of the conveyor belt (39) which projects into the liquid (18).
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that, in the output station (3) above the conveyor belt (36) and the electrolytic bath (1), spray nozzles (27) are arranged which serve to wash off the electrolyte from the electroplated articles.
11. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the conveyor belts (26, 36 and 39) run in a direction at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the drum (4).
12. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the guide means (15) consist of one or more projecting ribs arranged in spiral fashion on the inner walls of the drum (4).
13. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that an anode (50) is arranged in the drum (4).
14. Apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the drum (4) is made of perforated material.
15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that outside the drum (4) in the electrolytic bath (1), further, preferably disc-shaped anodes (51 to 53) are arranged parallel to the drum (4).
16. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the drum (4) is made of synthetic resin material, and that the electrical connection to the articles to be electroplated is effected by means of special contact elements arranged on the inner walls of the drum (4).
17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 16 as dependent on claim 12, characterised in that the one or more ribs arranged in spiral fashion on the inner walls of the drum (4) simultaneously serves or serve as contact element.
EP82106169A 1981-07-10 1982-07-09 Electroplating apparatus Expired EP0070011B1 (en)

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AT82106169T ATE11433T1 (en) 1981-07-10 1982-07-09 GALVANIZING EQUIPMENT.

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DE3127390 1981-07-10
DE19813127390 DE3127390A1 (en) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 GALVANIZING DEVICE

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JP (1) JPS5819495A (en)
AT (1) ATE11433T1 (en)
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CS (1) CS236675B2 (en)
DD (1) DD202462A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3127390A1 (en)
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DE3150545A1 (en) * 1981-07-10 1983-06-30 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Method of operating an electroplating apparatus
US4559122A (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-12-17 Luciano Folco Continuous-cycle electroplating plant
US4701248A (en) * 1985-07-09 1987-10-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for electrolytic surface treatment of bulk goods
US4670120A (en) * 1985-07-09 1987-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for electrolytic surface treatment of bulk goods
US4668367A (en) * 1985-07-09 1987-05-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Lock for loading and unloading goods into a treatment apparatus having a protective atmosphere
US4803811A (en) * 1985-07-09 1989-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Lapping device for surface enhancement of bulk material
US4876801A (en) * 1987-04-16 1989-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and means for drying bulk goods
DE3836256A1 (en) * 1988-10-25 1990-04-26 Schering Ag DEVICE FOR GALVANIZING OR CHEMICAL TREATING METAL PARTS
US5608186A (en) * 1992-01-27 1997-03-04 Thomas & Betts Corporation Ground rod
DE19907863C1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2000-03-16 Doerken Ewald Ag Apparatus for electro dip lacquering comprises a second electrode which is located in the basin below a predetermined level of the dipping liquid
DE10011865C1 (en) * 2000-03-10 2001-06-07 Wilms Gmbh Apparatus for coating objects, e.g. galvanizing screws, comprises guides to convey objects to be coated through drum so that each object is electrically contacted with section of drum not wetted with electrolytic liquid
US7066187B2 (en) * 2001-09-15 2006-06-27 Mueller Alois Modular treatment plant having horizontal drum machines
DE10149651A1 (en) 2001-09-15 2003-04-24 Alois Mueller Horizontal drum machine for treatment of industrial parts comprises drum, able to rotate in two directions, with permanently open filling opening and internal endless screw extending into emptying opening

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US4062751A (en) * 1976-06-28 1977-12-13 Trw Inc. Electroplating drum for relatively large fasteners and the like
US4105526A (en) * 1977-04-28 1978-08-08 Imperial Industries, Inc. Processing barrel with stationary u-shaped hanger arm and collar bearing assemblies

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DK309482A (en) 1983-01-11
NO821788L (en) 1983-01-11
NO158756C (en) 1988-10-26
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CS236675B2 (en) 1985-05-15
DK157622C (en) 1990-06-18
EP0070011A1 (en) 1983-01-19
SU1192629A3 (en) 1985-11-15
DD202462A5 (en) 1983-09-14
ATE11433T1 (en) 1985-02-15
JPH0249400B2 (en) 1990-10-30
NO158756B (en) 1988-07-18
US4427518A (en) 1984-01-24
DK157622B (en) 1990-01-29
FI822457A0 (en) 1982-07-09
FI70602C (en) 1986-09-24
JPS5819495A (en) 1983-02-04
DE3127390A1 (en) 1983-02-10
CA1184531A (en) 1985-03-26
DE3262046D1 (en) 1985-03-07
FI822457L (en) 1983-01-11

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