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EP0063666A1 - Swim fin - Google Patents

Swim fin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0063666A1
EP0063666A1 EP81430042A EP81430042A EP0063666A1 EP 0063666 A1 EP0063666 A1 EP 0063666A1 EP 81430042 A EP81430042 A EP 81430042A EP 81430042 A EP81430042 A EP 81430042A EP 0063666 A1 EP0063666 A1 EP 0063666A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swimming
leg
leg extension
palm
extension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP81430042A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nicolas Mazzella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mediterranee Jet Corse (societe A Responsabilite Limitee)
Original Assignee
Mediterranee Jet Corse (societe A Responsabilite Limitee)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mediterranee Jet Corse (societe A Responsabilite Limitee) filed Critical Mediterranee Jet Corse (societe A Responsabilite Limitee)
Publication of EP0063666A1 publication Critical patent/EP0063666A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B31/00—Swimming aids
    • A63B31/08—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs
    • A63B31/10—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet
    • A63B31/11—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swimming fin of the kind that is commonly used by divers or swimmers in order to facilitate swimming and increase the speed of movement.
  • Conventional swimming fins have, generally, as shown in FIG. 1, a foot pocket 1 intended for housing the foot, a blade 2 starting from the ankle and extending the foot outwards, two or more of two lateral ribs 3 with which said wing is provided, which give a certain rigidity to said fin while making it possible to channel, in the direction of the trailing edge 4, the water vein or veins generated by the swings of the swimmer's legs and ensuring propulsion.
  • the hydrodynamic efficiency of such fins is in particular a function of the length of their wing, the value of the propulsive effect increasing with an increase in the length of the latter.
  • the leg only fulfills the function of a force-transmitting lever and does not participate in the hydrodynamic action ensuring the propulsion which results solely from the sliding of the or water streaks on the surface of the blade from the end of the foot to the trailing edge (arrows in Figure 6).
  • the non-participation of the leg in the propelling effect of the fins constitutes a loss of energy and reduces their performance, not only because of the resistance to penetration encountered during the flapping, but also because of the braking phenomenon resulting from the turbulence. generated at the instep.
  • said anterior face of the boot has a convex surface enveloping the front of the leg, which, during the movement of advancement of the latter, divides the water into two veins which flow laterally and meet when they reach the end of the foot by creating a whirlpool or swirl at the upper part of the fin of the palm, which also counteracts the good sliding of the water on the upper surface of said fin.
  • the back of the boot puts pressure on the calf muscles which cannot function normally, which accelerates the onset of fatigue and can cause painful and dangerous cramps.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to remedy the abovementioned drawbacks or shortcomings of traditional swimming fins and to increase their hydrodynamic efficiency.
  • the invention aims to considerably increase the length of the airfoil and the size of the propulsive surface without this implying a progression towards a critical threshold.
  • the swimming palm according to the invention is remarkable in that it includes a leg extension rising above the instep and the front face of which has a smooth and continuous propelling surface arranged in line with the propelling surface of the wing,
  • the propelling surface of the leg extension has a flat or concave cross section.
  • An advantage provided by this embodiment is that it has a better hydrodynamic yield than that of traditional fins or that of the special fins offered to date in an attempt to solve various problems.
  • the activation of the water molecules generating the propulsive effect takes place from below the knee.
  • the lever arm and the propulsive surface are thus considerably elongated, which allows the displacement of a greater mass for a less effort.
  • the swimming palm according to the invention erases all the usual reliefs of the foot pocket and, in particular, the tightening loops, to offer a uniform and continuous propelling surface, without braking or disturbances. , which are, in part, responsible for energy losses.
  • Another advantage offered by the present invention is that the ankle and the instep of the user are much less stressed than with a traditional palm, which translates, for the swimmer, by less muscular fatigue and by a significant saving of physical means.
  • Another subsidiary advantage of the claimed swimming fin is that it allows protection of the tibia, which is very appreciable in certain cases of use in industrial diving.
  • This palm is made of any suitable flexible or flexible material such as rubber, synthetic elastomer or other plastic material, fiberglass, etc., or in a combination of these materials or any other suitable materials.
  • it comprises a foot pocket 5 and a blade 6 extending beyond the closed end of said foot pocket and ending with a trailing edge 7.
  • the upper face of this blade is provided with two or more two ribs and, for example, two lateral ribs 8 delimiting a central propelling surface 9 flat or ribbed and of increasing width towards the trailing edge.
  • the swimming palm has a leg extension 10 rising above the instep 11 and the front face of which is provided with two or more two ribs or nets 12 arranged in the extension of the ribs lateral 8 of the wing, so as to form two or more of two continuous ribs 12-8 extending from the upper end or in the vicinity of the upper end of said leg extension to the free end of said wing or to near said free end.
  • the leg extension of the swimming palm comprises, for example, two lateral ribs 12 arranged in the extension of the ribs 8 of the airfoil and delimiting a central propulsive surface 13 smooth and continuous or with no solution of continuity rising above the neck -of the foot 11, towards the knee, and located in the extension of the propelling surface 9 of said wing.
  • the actual wing 6 and the leg extension 10 formed in one piece constitute a very long wing having a large, uniform and continuous propelling surface 13-9 going from the upper end of said leg extension to the edge. 7.
  • the propelling surface 13 of the leg extension preferably has, over its entire length, a straight or flat cross section, as shown, in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4. However, said propelling surface could also have a slightly concave cross section .
  • the united, flat and continuous propulsive surface of the leg extension 10 is disposed in front of the front part of the leg without wrapping said part when the palm is positioned on the latter, as can be seen on the figure 6.
  • the rear face of the leg extension is provided with a longitudinal groove 14 (FIG. 3) for housing the part front of the user's leg to which it can be fixed using two suitable fastening systems, for example by means of two quick-opening straps 15 and 16 remote from each other and one of which is arranged above and the other below the calf which remains free and is therefore not subject to muscular stress during swimming movements.
  • the length of the leg extension 10 and of the propelling surface which is provided with the latter is provided to cover the entire leg of the user, from the knee to the instep.
  • the center of gravity of the swimming fin according to the invention is located towards the bottom of the leg extension.
  • the center of gravity of the swimming fin according to the invention allows the recovery and the maximum use of the muscular energy of the instep, the calf, the thigh and the hip, allowing, therefore, the action, without great efforts, of a wing whose surface and the propulsive effect are considerable compared to what allows a swimming fin of traditional type.
  • the pivoting of the palm is ensured by the knee ( Figure 7) more able to support this kind of effort.
  • the complete airfoil constituted by the actual airfoil and the leg extension may comprise more than two continuous longitudinal ribs 12-8 delimiting two or more of two longitudinal channels constituting as many smooth and continuous propulsive surfaces.
  • the channel or channels delimited by these ribs can or can lead to the entry of one or more thrust acceleration conduits opening on the upper face of the wing proper 6 and opening on the lower face of the latter, the execution of such thrust acceleration conduits being known per se.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

Swim fin comprising a sail-shaped portion (6) and a leg extension (10) rising above the instep (11), characterised in that the front face of the said leg extension has a smooth and continuous propulsive surface (13) rising above the instep and disposed in line with the propulsive surface (9) of the sail-shaped portion; the said fin thus comprising a single and continuous propulsive surface (13-9) of great length. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une palme de natation du genre de celles qui sont communément utilisées par les plongueurs ou les nageurs dans le but de faciliter la nage et d'accroître la vitesse de déplacement.The present invention relates to a swimming fin of the kind that is commonly used by divers or swimmers in order to facilitate swimming and increase the speed of movement.

Les palmes de natation classiques comportent, généralement, comme le montre la figure 1, une poche chaussante 1 destinée au logement du pied, une voilure 2 partant de la cheville et prolongeant le pied vers l'extérieur, deux ou plus de deux nervures latérales 3 dont est dotée ladite voilure, lesquelles donnent une certaine rigidité à ladite palme tout en permettant de canaliser, en direction du bord de fuite 4, la ou les veines d'eau engendrées par les battements de jambes du nageur et assurant la propulsion. Le rendement hydrodynamique de telles palmes est notamment fonction de la longueur de leur voilure, la valeur de l'effet propulsif croissant avec une augmentation de la longueur de cette dernière.Conventional swimming fins have, generally, as shown in FIG. 1, a foot pocket 1 intended for housing the foot, a blade 2 starting from the ankle and extending the foot outwards, two or more of two lateral ribs 3 with which said wing is provided, which give a certain rigidity to said fin while making it possible to channel, in the direction of the trailing edge 4, the water vein or veins generated by the swings of the swimmer's legs and ensuring propulsion. The hydrodynamic efficiency of such fins is in particular a function of the length of their wing, the value of the propulsive effect increasing with an increase in the length of the latter.

En théorie, il suffirait donc d'allonger indéfiniment la voilure pour obtenir une palme à très grand rendement ou effet propulsif. Cependant, sur le plan pratique, cette théorie se heurte au fait que l'allongement de la voilure ne peut franchir un seuil au-delà duquel la capacité musculaire et la réserve d'énergie de l'utilisateur ne sont plus en rapport avec l'effort demandé. L'effet recherché devient alors négatif. On ne peut donc attendre aucune amélioration du rendement des palmes en augmentant la longueur de leur voilure dans le prolongement de l'extrémité du pied, au-delà d'une certaine dimension. En outre, c'est le premier temps du battement ou mouvement d'avancement de la jambe qui est le plus efficace et joue un rôle prépondérant dans la propulsion (en moyenne cinq fois supérieur à la valeur du mouvement de recul). Or, avec les palmes connues, la jambe remplit seulement la fonction d'un levier transmetteur d'effort et ne participe pas à l'action hydrodynamique assurant la propulsion laquelle résulte uniquement du glissement de la ou des veines d'eau sur la surface de la voilure allant de l'extrémité du pied au bord de fuite (flèches de la figure 6). La non participation de la jambe à l'effet propulsif des palmes constitue une perte d'énergie et amoindrit leur rendement, non seulement en raison de la résistance à la pénétration rencontrée lors du battement, mais également en raison du phénomène de freinage résultant des turbulences engendrées au niveau du cou-de-pied.In theory, it would therefore suffice to lengthen the blade indefinitely to obtain a palm with very high efficiency or propulsive effect. However, on a practical level, this theory comes up against the fact that the lengthening of the airfoil cannot cross a threshold beyond which the muscular capacity and the energy reserve of the user are no longer in relation to the effort required. The desired effect then becomes negative. We cannot therefore expect any improvement in the performance of the fins by increasing the length of their blade in the extension of the end of the foot, beyond a certain dimension. In addition, it is the first beat or movement movement of the leg that is most effective and plays a major role in propulsion (on average five times greater than the value of the recoil movement). However, with known fins, the leg only fulfills the function of a force-transmitting lever and does not participate in the hydrodynamic action ensuring the propulsion which results solely from the sliding of the or water streaks on the surface of the blade from the end of the foot to the trailing edge (arrows in Figure 6). The non-participation of the leg in the propelling effect of the fins constitutes a loss of energy and reduces their performance, not only because of the resistance to penetration encountered during the flapping, but also because of the braking phenomenon resulting from the turbulence. generated at the instep.

D'autre part, on a proposé de soulager les articulations du pied en associant une palme à une bottine assemblées au moyen d'une articulation élastique (Brevet américain N° 3,239,857). Cependant, un tel dispositif ne présente aucun intérêt pratique, car il engendre un effet propulsif des plus médiocres. En effet, la bottine présente, à l'avant, des moyens de boutonnage et des ouvertures, c'est-à-dire des reliefs et des dépressions qui, lors des mouvements d'avancement de la jambe, provoquent des remous s'opposant au glissement de l'eau sur la face antérieure de la bottine. Par ailleurs, ladite face antérieure de la bottine présente une surface convexe enveloppant l'avant de la jambe, laquelle, lors du mouvement d'avancement de cette dernière, divise l'eau en deux veines qui s'écoulent latéralement et se rencontrent lorsqu'ils atteignent l'extrémité du pied en créant un tourbillon ou remous à la partie supérieure de la voilure de la palme, qui contrarie également le bon glissement de l'eau sur la surface supérieure de ladite voilure. Enfin, la partie arrière de la bottine exerce une pression sur les muscles du mollet qui ne peuvent fonctionner normalement, ce qui accélère l'apparition de la fatigue et peut provoquer des crampes douloureuses et dangereuses.On the other hand, it has been proposed to relieve the joints of the foot by associating a palm with an ankle boot assembled by means of an elastic joint (American Patent No. 3,239,857). However, such a device is of no practical interest, since it generates a most mediocre propulsive effect. Indeed, the boot has, at the front, buttoning means and openings, that is to say reliefs and depressions which, during movements of advancement of the leg, cause eddies opposing the water sliding on the anterior side of the boot. Furthermore, said anterior face of the boot has a convex surface enveloping the front of the leg, which, during the movement of advancement of the latter, divides the water into two veins which flow laterally and meet when they reach the end of the foot by creating a whirlpool or swirl at the upper part of the fin of the palm, which also counteracts the good sliding of the water on the upper surface of said fin. Finally, the back of the boot puts pressure on the calf muscles which cannot function normally, which accelerates the onset of fatigue and can cause painful and dangerous cramps.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de remédier aux inconvénients ou insuffisances susmentionnés des palmes de natation traditionnelles et d'accroître leur rendement hydrodynamique.The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy the abovementioned drawbacks or shortcomings of traditional swimming fins and to increase their hydrodynamic efficiency.

Particulièrement, l'invention vise à augmenter considérablement la longueur de la voilure et l'importance de la surface propulsive sans que cela implique une progression en direction d'un seuil critique.In particular, the invention aims to considerably increase the length of the airfoil and the size of the propulsive surface without this implying a progression towards a critical threshold.

Selon une première caractéristique, la palme de natation selon l'invention est remarquable par le fait qu'elle comporte une prolongation jambière s'élevant au-dessus du cou-de-pied et dont la face antérieure présente une surface propulsive lisse et continue disposée dans le prolongement de la surface propulsive de la voilure,According to a first characteristic, the swimming palm according to the invention is remarkable in that it includes a leg extension rising above the instep and the front face of which has a smooth and continuous propelling surface arranged in line with the propelling surface of the wing,

Selon une autre caractéristique, la surface propulsive de la prolongation jambière présente une section transversale plate ou concave.According to another characteristic, the propelling surface of the leg extension has a flat or concave cross section.

Un avantage procuré par cette réalisation est qu'elle a un rendement hydrodynamique meilleur que celui des palmes traditionnelles ou que celui des palmes spéciales proposées jusqu'à ce jour pour tenter de solutionner des problèmes divers. Cela résulte du fait que la surface propulsive de la palme qui couvre également la jambe, du genou à la cheville, récupère entièrement l'énergie inutilisée jusqu'à présent. La mise en action des molécules d'eau engendrant l'effet propulsif s'effectue dès le dessous du genou. Le bras de levier et la surface propulsive se trouvent ainsi considérablement allongés, ce qui autorise le déplacement d'une plus grande masse pour un moindre effort. D'autre part, par sa conception, la palme de natation selon l'invention, efface tous les reliefs habituels de la poche chaussante et, en particulier, les boucles de serrage, pour offrir une surface propulsive unie et continue, sans freinage ni perturbations, qui sont, en partie, responsables de pertes d'énergie.An advantage provided by this embodiment is that it has a better hydrodynamic yield than that of traditional fins or that of the special fins offered to date in an attempt to solve various problems. This results from the fact that the propelling surface of the palm, which also covers the leg, from the knee to the ankle, fully recovers the energy not used until now. The activation of the water molecules generating the propulsive effect takes place from below the knee. The lever arm and the propulsive surface are thus considerably elongated, which allows the displacement of a greater mass for a less effort. On the other hand, by its design, the swimming palm according to the invention, erases all the usual reliefs of the foot pocket and, in particular, the tightening loops, to offer a uniform and continuous propelling surface, without braking or disturbances. , which are, in part, responsible for energy losses.

Un autre avantage offert par la présente invention est que la cheville et le cou-de-pied de l'utilisateur sont nettement moins sollicités qu'avec une palme traditionnelle, ce qui se traduit, pour le nageur, par une fatigue musculaire moindre et par une importante économie de moyens physiques.Another advantage offered by the present invention is that the ankle and the instep of the user are much less stressed than with a traditional palm, which translates, for the swimmer, by less muscular fatigue and by a significant saving of physical means.

Un autre avantage subsidiaire de la palme de natation revendiquée, est qu'elle permet une protection du tibia, ce qui est très appréciable dans certains cas d'utilisation en plongée industrielle.Another subsidiary advantage of the claimed swimming fin is that it allows protection of the tibia, which is very appreciable in certain cases of use in industrial diving.

Ces buts, caractéristiques et avantages, et d'autres encore, ressortiront mieux de la description qui suit et des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de réalisation d'une palme de natation traditionnelle.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une palme de natation exécutée selon l'invention, représentée en position de fixation sur la jambe d'un utilisateur.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 3 - 3 de la figure 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 4 - 4 de la figure 2.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 5 - 5 de la figure 2.
  • La figure 6 est une vue de la palme de natation représentée en coupe longitudinale et positionnée sur la jambe d'un utilisateur.
  • Les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues à caractère schématique illustrant les différences de longueur des bras de levier et des surfaces propulsives entre, respectivement, une palme de natation traditionnelle et une palme de natation selon l'invention.
These aims, characteristics and advantages, and others still, will emerge more clearly from the description which follows and from the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a traditional swimming palm.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a swimming palm executed according to the invention, shown in the fixing position on the leg of a user.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3 - 3 of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line 4 - 4 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line 5 - 5 in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 6 is a view of the swimming fin shown in longitudinal section and positioned on the leg of a user.
  • Figures 7 and 8 are schematic views illustrating the differences in length of the lever arms and propelling surfaces between, respectively, a traditional swimming fin and a swimming fin according to the invention.

On se reporte auxdits dessins et notamment aux figures 2 à 6, pour décrire un exemple de réalisation avantageux, quoique nullement limitatif, de la palme de natation suivant l'invention. Cette palme est exécutée en tous matériaux souples ou flexibles convenables tels que caoutchouc, élastomère de synthèse ou autre matière plastique, fibre de verre, etc..., ou en une combinaison de ces matériaux ou de tous autres matériaux adéquats. De manière connue, elle comporte une poche chaussante 5 et une voilure 6 se prolongeant au-delà de l'extrémité fermée de ladite poche chaussante et se terminant par un bord de fuite 7. La face supérieure de cette voilure est dotée de deux ou plus de deux nervures et, par exemple, de deux nervures latérales 8 délimitant une surface propulsive centrale 9 plate ou nervurée et de largeur croissante en direction du bord de fuite.Reference is made to said drawings and in particular to FIGS. 2 to 6, to describe an advantageous, although in no way limiting, embodiment of the swimming fin according to the invention. This palm is made of any suitable flexible or flexible material such as rubber, synthetic elastomer or other plastic material, fiberglass, etc., or in a combination of these materials or any other suitable materials. In known manner, it comprises a foot pocket 5 and a blade 6 extending beyond the closed end of said foot pocket and ending with a trailing edge 7. The upper face of this blade is provided with two or more two ribs and, for example, two lateral ribs 8 delimiting a central propelling surface 9 flat or ribbed and of increasing width towards the trailing edge.

Selon l'invention, la palme de natation comporte une prolongation jambière 10 s'élevant au-dessus du cou-de-pied 11 et dont la face antérieure est pourvue de deux ou plus de deux nervures ou filets 12 disposées dans le prolongement des nervures latérales 8 de la voilure, de manière à former deux ou plus de deux nervures continues 12-8 s'étendant de l'extrémité supérieure ou du voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure de ladite prolongation jambière à l'extrémité libre de ladite voilure ou à proximité de ladite extrémité libre. La prolongation jambière de la palme de natation comporte, par exemple, deux nervures latérales 12 disposées dans le prolongement des nervures 8 de la voilure et délimitant une surface propulsive centrale 13 lisse et continue ou sans solution de continuité s'élevant au-dessus du cou-de-pied 11, en direction du genou, et située dans le prolongement de la surface propulsive 9 de ladite voilure. De la sorte, la voilure proprement dite 6 et la prolongation jambière 10 formées d'une seule pièce, constituent une voilure de grande longueur présentant une importante surface propulsive unie et continue 13-9 allant de l'extrémité supérieure de ladite prolongation jambière au bord de fuite 7.According to the invention, the swimming palm has a leg extension 10 rising above the instep 11 and the front face of which is provided with two or more two ribs or nets 12 arranged in the extension of the ribs lateral 8 of the wing, so as to form two or more of two continuous ribs 12-8 extending from the upper end or in the vicinity of the upper end of said leg extension to the free end of said wing or to near said free end. The leg extension of the swimming palm comprises, for example, two lateral ribs 12 arranged in the extension of the ribs 8 of the airfoil and delimiting a central propulsive surface 13 smooth and continuous or with no solution of continuity rising above the neck -of the foot 11, towards the knee, and located in the extension of the propelling surface 9 of said wing. In this way, the actual wing 6 and the leg extension 10 formed in one piece, constitute a very long wing having a large, uniform and continuous propelling surface 13-9 going from the upper end of said leg extension to the edge. 7.

La surface propulsive 13 de la prolongation jambière présente, de manière préférée et sur toute sa longueur, une section transversale droite ou plane, comme le montrent, notamment les figures 3 et 4. Cependant, ladite surface propulsive pourrait également comporter une section transversale légèrement concave.The propelling surface 13 of the leg extension preferably has, over its entire length, a straight or flat cross section, as shown, in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4. However, said propelling surface could also have a slightly concave cross section .

D'autre part, la surface propulsive unie, plate et continue de la prolongation jambière 10 se trouve disposée en avant de la partie antérieure de la jambe sans envelopper ladite partie lorsque la palme est positionnée sur cette dernière, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 6.On the other hand, the united, flat and continuous propulsive surface of the leg extension 10 is disposed in front of the front part of the leg without wrapping said part when the palm is positioned on the latter, as can be seen on the figure 6.

La face postérieure de la prolongation jambière est pourvue d'une gorge longitudinale 14 (figure 3) pour le logement de la partie antérieure de la jambe de l'utilisateur sur laquelle elle peut être fixée à l'aide de deux systèmes d'attache appropriés, par exemple au moyen de deux sangles 15 et 16 à ouverture rapide distantes Tune de l'autre et dont l'une est disposée au-dessus et l'autre au-dessous du mollet lequel reste libre et n'est donc pas soumis à des contraintes musculaires au cours des mouvements de nage.The rear face of the leg extension is provided with a longitudinal groove 14 (FIG. 3) for housing the part front of the user's leg to which it can be fixed using two suitable fastening systems, for example by means of two quick-opening straps 15 and 16 remote from each other and one of which is arranged above and the other below the calf which remains free and is therefore not subject to muscular stress during swimming movements.

De manière préférée, la longueur de la prolongation jambière 10 et de la surface propulsive dont est pourvue cette dernière, est prévue pour couvrir la totalité de la jambe de l'utilisateur, du genou au cou-de-pied.Preferably, the length of the leg extension 10 and of the propelling surface which is provided with the latter, is provided to cover the entire leg of the user, from the knee to the instep.

On conçoit que la longueur et la surface de la voilure complète constituée par la voilure proprement dite et la prolongation jambière, se trouvent ainsi considérablement augmentées, sans que cela produise les inconvénients du trop grand allongement unidirectionnel susmentionné.It will be understood that the length and the surface of the complete blade formed by the blade itself and the leg extension, are thus considerably increased, without this producing the drawbacks of the too great unidirectional elongation mentioned above.

En effet, dans une palme de natation traditionnelle, le centre de gravité se trouve sensiblement situé aux environs de l'extrémité du pied. Lors de la nage, la cheville de l'utilisateur placée en extrême extension et fortement sollicitée puisqu'elle constitue le principal point de pivotement de la palme (figure 6), ne transmet à la voilure qu'une faible partie de l'énergie musculaire développée par la jambe et le cou-de-pied (ce qui limite irrémédiablement la longueur et la surface de la voilure au seuil infranchissable).In fact, in a traditional swimming palm, the center of gravity is located substantially around the end of the foot. When swimming, the ankle of the user placed in extreme extension and highly stressed since it constitutes the main pivot point of the palm (Figure 6), transmits to the wing only a small part of the muscular energy developed by the leg and the instep (which irreparably limits the length and the surface of the blade to the impassable threshold).

Par contre, le centre de gravité de la palme de natation selon l'invention se situe vers le bas de la prolongation jambière. Par sa conception, elle permet la récupération et t'utilisation maximale de l'énergie musculaire du cou-de-pied, du molet, de la cuisse et de la hanche, en autorisant, de ce fait, la mise en action, sans grands efforts, d'une voilure dont la surface et l'effet propulsif sont considérables par rapport à ce que permet une palme de natation de type traditionnel. Le pivotement de la palme est assuré par le genou (figure 7) plus apte à supporter ce genre d'effort.On the other hand, the center of gravity of the swimming fin according to the invention is located towards the bottom of the leg extension. By its design, it allows the recovery and the maximum use of the muscular energy of the instep, the calf, the thigh and the hip, allowing, therefore, the action, without great efforts, of a wing whose surface and the propulsive effect are considerable compared to what allows a swimming fin of traditional type. The pivoting of the palm is ensured by the knee (Figure 7) more able to support this kind of effort.

Comme indiqué précédemment, la voilure complète constituée par la voilure proprement dite et la prolongation jambière peut comporter plus de deux nervures longitudinales continues 12-8 délimitant deux ou plus de deux canaux longitudinaux constituant autant de surfaces propulsives lisses et continues. Le canal ou les canaux délimité(s) par ces nervures peut ou peuvent aboutir à l'entrée d'un ou plusieurs conduits d'accélération de poussée s'ouvrant sur la face supérieure de la voilure proprement dite 6 et débouchant sur la face inférieure de cette dernière, l'exécution de tels conduits d'accélération de poussée étant connue en soi.As indicated above, the complete airfoil constituted by the actual airfoil and the leg extension may comprise more than two continuous longitudinal ribs 12-8 delimiting two or more of two longitudinal channels constituting as many smooth and continuous propulsive surfaces. The channel or channels delimited by these ribs can or can lead to the entry of one or more thrust acceleration conduits opening on the upper face of the wing proper 6 and opening on the lower face of the latter, the execution of such thrust acceleration conduits being known per se.

Claims (10)

1. - Palme de natation comportant une voilure (6) et une prolongation jambière (10) s'élevant au-dessus du cou-de-pied (11), caractérisée en ce que la face antérieure de ladite prolongation jambière présente une surface propulsive lisse et continue (13) s'élevant au-dessus du cou-de-pied et disposée dans le prolongement de la surface propulsive (9) de la voilure ladite palme comportant ainsi une surface propulsive (13-9) de grande longueur, unie et continue.1. - Swimming palm comprising a blade (6) and a leg extension (10) rising above the instep (11), characterized in that the front face of said leg extension has a propelling surface smooth and continuous (13) rising above the instep and arranged in the extension of the propulsive surface (9) of the airfoil said palm thus comprising a propulsive surface (13-9) of great length, united and carry on. 2. - Palme de natation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la surface propulsive unie et continue (13) de la prolongation jambière (10) présente une section transversale plate.2. - Swimming palm according to claim 1, characterized in that the united and continuous propulsive surface (13) of the leg extension (10) has a flat cross section. 3. - Palme de natation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la surface propulsive unie et continue (13) de la prolongation jambière (10) présente une section transversale concave.3. - Swimming palm according to claim 1, characterized in that the united and continuous propelling surface (13) of the leg extension (10) has a concave cross section. 4. - Palme de natation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la surface lisse et continue (13) de la prolongation jambière (10) est disposée en avant de la partie antérieure de la jambe, sans envelopper cette dernière, lorsque ladite palme est en position d'utilisation.4. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the smooth and continuous surface (13) of the leg extension (10) is arranged in front of the front part of the leg, without wrapping the latter, when said palm is in the position of use. 5. - Palme de natation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la face antérieure de la prolongation jambière (10) est pourvue d'au moins deux nervures latérales (12) disposées dans le prolongement des nervures latérales (8) de la voilure (6).5. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the front face of the leg extension (10) is provided with at least two lateral ribs (12) arranged in the extension of the lateral ribs (8) of the wing (6). 6. - Palme de natation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente une surface propulsive unie et continue (13-9) allant de l'extrémité supérieure ou du voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure de la prolongation jambière (10) au bord de fuite (7).6. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has a united and continuous propelling surface (13-9) going from the upper end or in the vicinity of the upper end of the leg extension (10) at the trailing edge (7). 7. - Palme de natation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la longueur de la prolongation jambière est prévue pour correspondre sensiblement à la hauteur de la jambe allant du genou au cou-de-pied de l'utilisateur.7. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length of the leg extension is provided to correspond substantially to the height of the leg going from the knee to the instep of the user. 8, - Palme de natation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des nervures continues (12-8) allant de l'extrémité supérieure ou du voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure de la prolongation jambière (10) jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure libre de la voilure (6) ou jusqu'à proximité de ladite extrémité libre.8, - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that it comprises continuous ribs (12-8) going from the upper end or in the vicinity of the upper end of the leg extension (10) to the free lower end of the airfoil (6) or to near said free end. 9. - Palme de natation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 ou 8, et comportant un ou plusieurs conduits d'accélération de poussée s'ouvrant sur la face supérieure de la voilure (6) de ladite palme et débouchant sur la face inférieure de ladite voilure, caractérisée en ce que le canal ou les canaux délimité(s) par les nervures (12-8) aboutit ou aboutissent à l'entrée desdits conduits d'accélération de poussée.9. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 8, and comprising one or more thrust acceleration ducts opening on the upper face of the blade (6) of said palm and opening onto the underside of said wing, characterized in that the channel or channels delimited by the ribs (12-8) terminate or terminate at the inlet of said thrust acceleration conduits. 10. - Palme de natation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte deux système d'attache distants l'un de l'autre (15, 16) et disposés de manière à se positionner l'un (15) au-dessus et l'autre (16) au-dessous du mollet de l'utilisateur.10. - Swimming palm according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises two attachment systems distant from each other (15, 16) and arranged so as to be positioned l one (15) above and the other (16) below the user's calf.
EP81430042A 1981-04-24 1981-12-03 Swim fin Ceased EP0063666A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8108387A FR2504397B1 (en) 1981-04-24 1981-04-24 SWIMMING PALM
FR8108387 1981-04-24

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EP0063666A1 true EP0063666A1 (en) 1982-11-03

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EP (1) EP0063666A1 (en)
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FR (1) FR2504397B1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2676001A1 (en) * 1991-05-02 1992-11-06 Brunet Jean Flipper with holding slipper (bootee)
EP0819450A1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-21 Toan-Dat Tran Swim-shoes for diver or swimmer
KR100375775B1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2003-03-15 박완기 The one-way wings boot fins.
FR2930451A1 (en) * 2008-04-25 2009-10-30 Gerard Quilliou Swimming flipper's shoe for practicing e.g. underwater activity, has lateral ribs made from molding and respectively comprising outgrowths for canalizing water molecules from top part of kick till lower level of wing
US8632372B2 (en) 2010-03-02 2014-01-21 Norbert Fleck Swimming device for a swimmer or diver

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3239857A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-03-15 Frederick H Gwynne Swim fin
FR2172599A5 (en) * 1972-02-15 1973-09-28 Weigele Roger
FR2202441A5 (en) * 1972-10-05 1974-05-03 Hennebutte Georges
FR2242118A1 (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-03-28 Endress Philippe Swimming flipper with boot and webbed blade - the two parts are formed as an integral moulding or are permanently joined

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3239857A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-03-15 Frederick H Gwynne Swim fin
FR2172599A5 (en) * 1972-02-15 1973-09-28 Weigele Roger
FR2202441A5 (en) * 1972-10-05 1974-05-03 Hennebutte Georges
FR2242118A1 (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-03-28 Endress Philippe Swimming flipper with boot and webbed blade - the two parts are formed as an integral moulding or are permanently joined

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2676001A1 (en) * 1991-05-02 1992-11-06 Brunet Jean Flipper with holding slipper (bootee)
EP0819450A1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-21 Toan-Dat Tran Swim-shoes for diver or swimmer
KR100375775B1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2003-03-15 박완기 The one-way wings boot fins.
FR2930451A1 (en) * 2008-04-25 2009-10-30 Gerard Quilliou Swimming flipper's shoe for practicing e.g. underwater activity, has lateral ribs made from molding and respectively comprising outgrowths for canalizing water molecules from top part of kick till lower level of wing
US8632372B2 (en) 2010-03-02 2014-01-21 Norbert Fleck Swimming device for a swimmer or diver

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES264661Y (en) 1983-07-01
FR2504397B1 (en) 1985-07-05
FR2504397A1 (en) 1982-10-29
ES264661U (en) 1982-11-16

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