EP0043025A1 - Indirect metal extrusion press and apparatus for removing "frozen" billets - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of an indirect metal extrusion press, the closure stamp (31) which closes the pickup (26) and, when the metal strand is pressed out, together with the pickup (26) can be moved against a hollow punch (28) supporting the die (29) against a punch (36, 41). replaceable, which is hollow (36) or only partially fills the available cross-section (41) or a corresponding stamp (36, 41) is used together with a sealing disc (32a, 32b) as a sealing stamp. The working method for removing "frozen" blocks consists in that after the closure disc (32a, 32b) has been removed and when a special closure stamp (31) has been used, the frozen block (25) has to be replaced by an auxiliary die (37) with or attached to it. provided hollow or profile stamp (36, 41) is pressed in the opposite direction to the actual pressing direction indirectly via the profile stamp (41) or in the hollow stamp (36) continuously or in a multiple offset stroke and separation of extruded strand sections (38, 45) into chargeable scrap pieces, until it is possible to squeeze out the block remnant (25), for which, as is known per se, a bushing (46) is inserted between the running bar (7) and the transducer (26) for receiving the block remnant (25).

Description

Indirect metal extrusion presses consist of a press frame, which is made up of a tie rod supporting the press cylinder, a counter beam, and a cylinder beam and counter beam, and a hollow ram, which is supported on the counter beam and which in turn supports the die, and a receiver that is guided and axially displaceable in the press frame carrying transducer holder and a moving bar moved by the plunger, a stamp for the closure of the transducer. As far as pipes or hollow profiles are to be manufactured, the presses are additionally provided with a perforated mandrel, which can be displaced through pistons in cylinders through the then pierced sealing punch through to the die.

Since there are no relative movements between the press block and the transducer walls in indirect extrusion, the force requirement of these indirect extrusion presses is lower and relatively long metal blocks can be used. However, this makes it difficult or even impossible to remove "frozen" blocks, since the installed pressing force is usually not sufficient to expel the relatively long press blocks against the large wall friction of the press blocks in the sensor bore. The term "frozen" blocks are to be understood as blocks which, as a result of malfunctions, no longer have the temperature sufficient for pressing with high degrees of deformation, can no longer or should not be brought to sufficient temperature in the press, or for other reasons, for example the Breakage of the die, can not be pressed further.

The object of the invention is to improve the indirect extrusion press and to provide a method of working which is intended to enable the removal of "frozen" blocks.

This goal is achieved if, in the presses of the type described at the outset, the closure stamp according to the invention can be exchanged for a hollow stamp or for a profile stamp which only partially fills the available cross-section, with a circumscribing circle of the diameter of the closure stamp and profile sections which are open to the outside, or if a hollow stamp or a profile stamp corresponding training is used as a sealing disc supporting stamp.

If a block freezes, the sealing disc used is usually clamped in the sensor bore and can therefore only be removed with considerable force. To do this without additional one To enable directions, according to a further feature of the invention, the closure disc with the closure stamp or with the hollow or profile stamp can be connected in a tensile manner. Since a large number of sealing disks is required, it is advantageous to provide connecting means which require little processing effort, particularly on the sealing disks. A weakening of the sealing disks by the connecting means must also be avoided. For these reasons, according to a further feature of the invention, each closure disk and the closure, hollow or profile stamp are provided at the mutually facing ends with collars formed by ring-shaped rear turns, and by a split clamp which engages with counter-rings in the rear turns and can be closed by a collar ring connectable.

The working method in accordance with the invention provides, with a metal extrusion press of the type according to the invention, for removing "frozen" metal blocks after the closure disk has been removed and — if a special closure stamp is used — after the replacement of this closure stamp with a hollow or profile stamp, the frozen block against the attached or molded auxiliary die provided hollow or profile stamps opposite to the actual pressing direction indirectly via the profile stamp or in the hollow stamp continuously or in multiple offset stroke as well as separation of extruded strand sections in chargeable scrap pieces, until a pressing of the block remnant is possible, for which purpose It is known that a bushing of somewhat larger inner diameter than the pick-up bore for receiving the remainder of the block is inserted between the runner and the pick-up.

If the closure disk and the closure, hollow or profile stamp have ends formed by coils at their mutually facing ends and can be connected by a clamp, the working method is to be supplemented according to a further feature of the invention in such a way that the pickup holder and the barrel spar at Pressed moved into a relative position and held in this by known couplings between the transducer holder and the spar, so that in the event of a block freezing, the locking disc protrudes from the transducer with the collar and backward rotation and before the frozen block is removed, the connection of the locking disc with the closure, hollow or profile stamp and pulling out the closure disc by means of the closure, hollow or profile stamp.

• Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Indirekt-Metallstrangpresse zur Herstellung von Hohlprofilen

The drawings show exemplary embodiments of the invention. It shows:

• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an indirect metal extrusion press for the production of hollow profiles

• Fig. 2a bis 2e unter Einsatz eines Hohlstempels und den
• Fig. 3a bis 3g unter Einsatz eines Profilstempels während den
• Fig. 4a bis 4c das anschließende Entfernen des Blockrestes zu entnehmen ist.
• Figur 5 zeigt als Einzelheit den Profilstempel und die Schelle zum Verbinden der Verschlußscheibe mit dem Profilstempel
• Figur 6 zeigt den Profilstempel im Schnitt nach der in Fig. 5 angezeigten Schnittlinie A-A
• Figur 7 zeigt einen Schnitt nach der in Fig. 5 angezeigten Schnittlinie B-B und
• Figur 8 zeigt einen Schnitt nach der in Fig. 7 angezeigten Schnittlinie C-C.

The mode of operation of this indirect metal extrusion press when removing a "frozen" block can be seen in the cut-out representations in various operating positions, namely

• 2a to 2e using a hollow punch and
• 3a to 3g using a profile stamp during the
• 4a to 4c the subsequent removal of the block residue can be seen.
• Figure 5 shows as a detail the profile stamp and the clamp for connecting the sealing disc with the profile stamp
• Figure 6 shows the profile stamp in section along the section line AA shown in Fig. 5
• FIG. 7 shows a section along the section line BB and shown in FIG. 5
• FIG. 8 shows a section along the section line CC shown in FIG. 7.

The indirect metal extrusion press shown in Fig. 1 consists of the press frame, which is formed from a cylinder beam 1, a counter beam 2 and tie rods 3 connecting them. The cylinder spar 1 carries the main press cylinder 4, in which the plunger 5 sits as the main press piston. The plunger 5 is connected via a frame 6 to the running beam 7, which is axially movably guided in the press frame along the tie rods 3. The plunger 5 feeds the spar 7, while for the retraction piston rods 8 are connected to the spar 7 via the frame 6 and are seated with their pistons 9 in the retracting cylinders 10, which are carried by the cylinder spar 1 like the master cylinder 4.

Also axially movable in the press frame along the tie rods 3 is a pickup holder 11, for the displacement of which pistons 12 are provided, which are connected to the pickup holder 11 via piston rods 13 and are seated in cylinders 14, which are also carried by the cylinder spar 1. With 15 clamp connections are designated, which sit in the spar 7 and encompass the piston rods 13 through which the _L upramp 7 can be firmly connected to the piston rods 13 so that the spar 7 can be firmly connected both to the pickup holder 11 and to the piston 12 is.

In order to be able to also press hollow profiles with the press, a piercing mandrel is required, which is fastened to a piercing mandrel traverse 16. The piercer cross member 16 is axially movably guided in windows 17, which are lungerkolben in the cross beam 7 to the _P 5 connecting frame 6 incorporated. The plunger 5 is hollow and open to the punch mandrel 16 so that it forms a cylinder for a plunger 18 which can advance the punch mandrel 16. For the retraction of the mandrel traverse 16, this is connected to cylinders 19, in which plungers 20 are seated, which are supported on the runner 7. By means of clamping connections 22 in the mandrel cross member 16 and clamping connections 23 in the cylinder spar 1 and tie rods 24, the piercing mandrel cross member 16 can be fixed in the press frame.

For pressing a metal block 25, it is inserted into the sensor 26 carried by the sensor holder 11. A die stamp 28 fastened to the counter beam 2 in the punch holder 27 supports a die 29. After a closure punch 31 fastened to the barrel member 7 in the die holder 30 with the support closure piece 32 supported by it has advanced with the barrel member 7 against the block 25 and the block 25 to has moved against the die 29 and - if a hollow profile is to be pressed - after the piercing mandrel 34 fastened in the mandrel holder 33 to the piercing mandrel cross member 16 has penetrated the metal block 25 until the mandrel tip is in the opening of the die 29, the clamping connection 15 is closed, so that the pickup holder 11 is connected to the pickup 26 with the running beam 7. The transducer 26 with the transducer closure piece 32 closing it to one side and the closure plunger 31 now move together. under the force of the plunger 5 and the piston 12 to move the transducer over the die 28, the metal block 25 being pressed indirectly to the strand that exits through the hollow die 28 and the passage 35 in the counter beam 2. So far, the construction and operation of the press correspond to the known state of the art.

If a block is now "frozen", ie if the block can no longer be pressed with a normally high degree of deformation from the beginning or shortly after it has been pressed on, the block must be removed from the transducer. A corresponding starting situation is given in FIGS. 2a and 3a, if it is assumed that the block 25 located in the transducer 26 after pressing (FIG. 2a) or after upsetting from the beginning (FIG. 3a) using the maximum Press force can not be pressed with the normal degree of deformation.

As shown in FIGS. 2b and 3b, the locking stamp 31 is first moved back into its starting position. In the example according to FIGS. 2a to 2e, the transducer closure piece 32a is then removed, which can be done with simple tools or in particular the pulling devices of which can take place if the receiving closure piece 32a is provided with corresponding catches or threads for connection to the puller. It is also possible that Aufnehmerverschlußstück 32a and the _V ER- circuit temple 31 by a threaded bolt together to connect and so the Aufnehmerverschlußstück 32a pull out of the closing ram 31 to leave. Then the sealing stamp 31 is also removed.

As FIG. 2c shows, a hollow punch 36 is inserted in the barrel 7 in exchange for the closing punch 31 and supports an auxiliary die 37. The auxiliary die 37 has a die opening which is substantially larger than the main die 29.

If the barrel member 7 with the hollow punch 36 and the auxiliary die 37 seated thereon is moved against the block 25 by acting on the main piston 5, there is an indirect pressing of the metal block 25 by the auxiliary die 37 against the actual pressing direction, the extruded die Scrap strand 38 runs into the bore of the hollow punch 36, as shown in FIG. 2d.

As soon as the scrap strand 38 has reached a length of somewhat less than the depth of the bore in the hollow punch 36, the barrel 7 is moved back with the hollow punch 36 into the starting position into the position shown in FIG. 2e. By means of the saw with the two saw blades 39 and 40, which can be moved transversely to the press axis on a support (not shown), a section 38a of the scrap strand 38 is separated and brought out, so that the section 38b of the scrap strand 38 can also be brought out. In a or repeated repetition of this pressing process, the metal block 25 can be deformed to the necessary extent into scrap strand pieces 38a, b, etc. of a chargeable length, since, according to the opening of the auxiliary die 37, a shaping ratio to be overcome by the existing pressing force is maintained.

In the example of FIGS. 3a to 3g, the closure stamp 31 is exchanged for a profile stamp 41, such as. this can be seen from FIGS. 3b and 3c. Then the profile stamp 41 is moved up to the locking disc 32b, as shown in FIG. 3d, and the locking disc 32b and the profile stamp 41 are connected by a clamp 43 consisting of two halves and held together by a coupling ring 42, as is shown in FIG 5, 7 and 8 is explained in more detail. With the Laufhom 7 of the pistons 9 via the tie rods 8 and the frame 6 of the profile stamp 41 and the closure disk 32b is pulled out of the bore of the transducer 26 into the position shown in FIG. 3e, whereupon the clamp 42 is released and the closure disk 32b can be removed.

The profile die 41 is now pressed against the block 25 in the receiver 26 by acting on the main press piston 5, which acts on the barrel 7 via the frame 6. Via the three profile recesses 44 (see FIG. 6) of the profile die 41, the block is pressed indirectly against the actual pressing direction into three scrap strands 45, which first run through the profile recesses 44 and then are diverted outside the transducer 26 and into pieces of chargeable length be split as shown in Fig. 3f. The profile recesses 44 are dimensioned in cross-section so that the pressing of the block 25 via the profile die 41 takes place with a considerably smaller deformation ratio than the die 29 would require during normal pressing, so that the pressing force for the pressing with the profile die 41 is still sufficient. When the block 25 is pressed to a sufficient extent, the crossbar 7 is moved back with the profile stamp 41 into the position shown in FIG. 3g.

The block 25 is pressed to the necessary or sufficient extent when its rest can be moved in the transducer 26 with the available pressing force. The hollow punch 36 (in the case of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2a to 2e) or the profile punch 41 (in the case of the embodiment according to FIGS. 3a to 3g) is then exchanged for a bushing 46, the inside diameter of which is somewhat larger than the inside diameter of the transducer 26 (see Fig. 4a). By acting on the main plunger 5, the bushing 46 is pressed against the transducer 26 via the frame 6 and the barrel 7. At the same time, the pistons 12 can also be acted upon to support the displacement of the transducer. The rest of the block 25, which is supported against the die stamp 28, is pressed out of the receiver 26 and enters the bore of the bushing 46, as shown in FIG. 4b. The rest of the block 25 is fixed in the bushing 46 by means of clamping screws 47, so that when the barrel 7 is withdrawn from the bushing 46, the rest of the block 25 and a possibly pressed strand 48 including the die 29 are taken along (see FIG. 4c). If a pressed strand 48 is present, it can be cut off at 49 and 50 and applied. The rest of the block 25 is brought out with the bushing 46.

5 to 8 show on a larger scale details of the embodiment of FIGS. 3a to 3g.

The profile stamp 41 is detachably fastened with its foot 51 by the stamp holder 52 in the running beam 7. At its front part, which enters the transducer 26, the profile punch 41 is reduced to a diameter which is slightly smaller than the bore of the transducer 26 and is further provided with profile recesses 44. The profile die 41 and the closure disk 32b are turned at their mutually facing ends in such a way that the profile die 41 has an annular groove 53 behind a collar 54 and the closure disk 32b has an annular groove 55 behind a collar 56. By a clamp 43 formed from two halves 43a and 43b, which engages with its collar 57 in the annular groove 53 on the profile die 41 and with its collar 58 in the annular groove 55 on the closure disk 32b, and the two halves 43a and 43b thereof by means of a collar ring 42 are held together, the closure disk 32b can be connected to the profile stamp 41 in a tensile manner. Half 43a of clamp 43 is part of a C-shaped hook 59 which is attached to a crane with a shackle 60. Half 43b of clamp 43 is pivotally connected to half 43a or C-shaped hook 59 via hinge 61. In an eye 62 on the C-shaped hook 59, a bolt 63 is inserted, on which a sleeve 64 is displaceable, which carries the coupling ring 42 which holds the halves 43a and 43b of the clamp 43 together via the hanger 65. By moving the sleeve 64 on the bolt 63, the coupling ring 42 can move from the position shown in FIG. 5 with the hanger 65 to the position also shown in FIG. 5 without the hanger 65, in which the coupling ring 42 the two halves 43a and 43b the clamp 43 includes, brought. In order to make it possible to apply the clamp 43 to the closure disk 32b, the coupling 15 between the piston rods 13 connected to the pickup holder 11 and the running bar 7 when pressing (upsetting and possibly punching the press block ₂₅ ) is to be closed such that the annular groove 55 and the collar 56 on the closure disk 32b remain outside the transducer 26.

While in the embodiment of FIGS. 2a to _2e a particular Laboratory matrix is placed 37 to the hollow stem 36, the profile temple is in the embodiment according to FIGS. _3a to 3g 41 made of a material and having an end bearing of a material provided that the use of a special die can be omitted.

It is also possible to dispense with a special closing ram ₃₁ when the hollow stem 36 or of the profile stamp 41 are sized and configured to the _V erschlußscheibe 32a and 32b are capable of directly support during pressing.

Claims (5)

1.Indirect metal extrusion press, consisting of a press frame, which consists of a spar supporting the press cylinder, a counter spar and cylinder spar and counter spar, which in turn supports the die, a hollow punch, guided in the press frame and axially displaceable, carrying the pick-up, and one moved by the plunger , a stamp for the barrel of the transducer,
characterized,
that the closure stamp (31) can be exchanged for a hollow stamp (36) or a profile stamp (41) that only partially fills the available cross-section with a circumscribing circle of the diameter of the closure stamp (31) and profile cutouts (44) open to the outside, or a hollow stamp ( 36) or a profile stamp (41) of appropriate design is used as a sealing disc (32a, 32b) supporting stamp. 2. Indirect metal extrusion press according to claim 1,
characterized,
that when using a closure disc (32a, 32b) it can be connected to the closure stamp (31) or the hollow or profile stamp (36, 41) in a tensile manner. 3. Indirect metal extrusion press according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the closure disc (32b) and the closure, hollow or profile stamp (41) have collars (54, 56) formed at the mutually facing ends by annular rear turns (53, 55) and by a with counter collars (57, 58) in the rear rotations (53, 55), which are split and can be connected by means of a coupling ring (42) and can be connected. 4. Working method for removing "frozen" metal blocks from metal extrusion presses of the type according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that after removal of the sealing disc (32a, 32b) and when using a special sealing stamp - (31) the exchange thereof, the frozen block (25) is replaced by a hollow or profile stamp (36, 41) provided with an attached or molded auxiliary die (37) contrary to the actual pressing direction, it is pressed indirectly into chargeable scrap pieces via the profile punch (41) or into the hollow punch (36) continuously or in a multiple offset stroke and separation of extruded strand sections (38, 45) until the block remnant (25) can be pressed out For which, as is known per se, a bushing (46) of slightly larger inner diameter than the bore of the receiver (26) for receiving the block remnant (25) is inserted between the barrel member (7) and the receiver (26). 5. to carry out the working method according to claim 4 with a metal extrusion press of the type according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the transducer holder (11) and barrel (7) are moved into a relative position when pressed and held in this by known couplings (15) between the transducer holder (11) and barrel (7), so that in the event of a block freezing ( 25) the sealing disc (32b) with collar (56) and backward rotation (55) protrudes from the transducer (26) and before removing the frozen block (25) the connection of the sealing disc (32b) with the sealing, hollow or profile stamp (41) and the extraction of the closure disc (32b) by means of the closure, hollow or profile stamp (41).

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