EA001944B1 - Method and device for exterminating pest animals - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method for exterminating pest animals, wherein they are exterminated by electric influence, as by means of an enticement the pest animal is guided to a space limited by two electrodes, one of which it is forced to touch following its way to the enticement characterized in that the pest animal is in touch with one of the electrodes while walking over it and depending on the weight of the pest animal, and the value of the tension necessary to produce discharges into the space limited by the two electrodes is determined, the discharges exterminate the pest animal, the animal is guided through the space between the two electrodes by making it climb to a determined height, the tension between the two electrodes is supplied after the pest animal has entered deeply in the space between the electrodes, the carcass of the exterminated pest animal is removed from the space between the electrodes by slipping down by its gravity to the corresponding place for carcass collection, and after this the tension between the electrodes is switched off and the device remains in stand by mode awaiting the next cycle of pest animal extermination. 2. A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the tension is supplied constantly between the lower electrode and the middle of the upper electrode, supplying the tension to both terminals of the upper electrode immediately after the pest animal enters the zone under the middle part of the upper electrode. 3. A method according to claim 1 characterized in that the value of the tension range supplied to both electrodes has a value, securing the extermination of crawling pest animals of a determined type-size. 4. A method according to claims 1 and 3 characterized in that the constant tension range value supplied to both electrodes secures the extermination of pest animals in the instant when the pest animal rises to reach the enticement. 5. A device for exterminating pest animals, consisting of a passage with an electrode placed above its floor connected to a switch that is connected to the phase of a high tension source, the floor, being fixed on springs arranged under it and an enticement, is located in the passage characterized in that the passage (1) is inclined and is placed on a rack (8), being the enticement (6) placed in its lower end, and the floor is a second electrode (7) connected with a pin (9) to the runner of a rheostat (10) connected to the zero lead of the high tension source (4), the springs (5) being arch-shaped sheets, wherein to the upper clear of the passage (1) is positioned a replaceable chute (11) with a section according to the size of the largest animals to be exterminated, and under the lower clear of the passage (1) is positioned a second chute (12) to a container (13), in an orifice in the floor being placed a light emitter (14), and a light indicator (15) above it, its lead being connected to the first control input of the switch (3) and to the control input of a timer (15'), its output being connected to the second control input of the switch (3). 6. A device for exterminating pest animals according to claim 5 characterized in that the upper electrode (2) is divided by insulators (16) in three parts, the middle part (i7) being connected to the phase of the high tension source (4), and both terminals (18) are connected to the switch (3), wherein the light indicator (15) is located in one of the side walls of the passage (1) just after the boundary between- the higher part (18) and the middle part (17), and the lower electrode (7) is monolithic. 7. A device for exterminating pest animals according to claim 5 characterized in that the lower electrode (7) is stationary and is directly connected to the zero lead of the high tension source (4), the upper electrode (2) being directly connected to its phase lead, and both electrodes (2, 7) being monolithic. 8. A device for exterminating pest animals according to claims 5 and 7 characterized in that the lower electrode (7) has an orifice (19) positioned above the second chute (12), the first chute (11) being located to the lower part of the lower electrode (7), the passage (1) having a bottom (20) in its higher part, and the enticement (6) being placed at a height h on the inner wall of the bottom (20). 9. A device for exterminating pest animals according to claims 5, 7 and 8 characterized in that the container (13) is a pit in the earth, the second electrode (7) being an inclined plane to the pitfall with moistened soil, ending with a natural vertical surface that is the bottom (20), and under the first electrode (2) is located a trigger (21) with the enticement which is a bait (6), the trigger (21) being connected to the control inputs of the switch (3) and the timer (15'), wherein in the place beneath the trigger (21), in the soil, there is a heater (22), connected through a threshold switch (23) to an energy supply source (24), and a temperature indicator (25) in the soil is connected to a control input of the threshold switch (23). 10. A device for exterminating pest animals according to claims 5 and 6 characterized in that a groove (26) is made in the upper part of the lower electrode (7), and between the groove (26) and the chute (11) there is an elevated plain platform (27), and to the upper end of the upper electrode (7) there is an insulation extension (28).

Description

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the destruction of animal pests, can be used in the household, industry, agriculture, forestry and the like.

Prior art

A method for killing animal pests, such as rodents, is described in the technical solution in which they are destroyed by exposure to electric current. In accordance with the method, the rodent, following the bait, is sent to a space bounded by two electrodes, which he is forced to touch. The switch that supplies voltage to the electrodes is controlled by the weight of the rodent. In contact with both electrodes, the rodent closes the circuit, and an electric current strikes him. The destroyed rodent is removed outside after a power outage (8I 1360684).

A device for implementing the above method is known in existing technical solutions. It consists of a horizontal corridor with electrodes mounted above its floor and connected to the switch, the floor being provided with springs and mechanically connected to the switch. The bait is located at the end of the passage along which the pest moves. The distance between the floor and the electrodes is commensurate with the size of the rodents that need to be killed, so when the animal moves to the bait, it always touches the electrodes (8I 1360684).

The disadvantage of this method and device is that they have low productivity and low efficiency, since the process requires interruption to release the device from the corpse of a dead pest. The device does not affect smaller pests, as they are not able to touch the electrodes, even if they enter the corridor. For example, if there is a mouse in a device designed for rats, then smaller than a rat, the mouse can freely eat the bait. On the other hand, larger pests cannot enter the corridor and activate the device, and they remain alive. For example, if the device is intended for mice, rats in the device zone will not be destroyed. This necessitates the placement of various types of devices in an area inhabited by various pests, which makes the destruction process expensive, requires staff to clean and charge the devices. This causes the inability to simultaneously use the method and device for the destruction of large pests, such as mice, rats and other rodents, and small insects, such as cockroaches, bugs, bugs, fleas and others.

Another disadvantage of the method and device is that they do not destroy external parasites, such as fleas, ticks, lice and the like insects that live on the destroyed pests. For example, after a rat has died, parasites leave it and inhabit other animals and even humans, and thus continue to transmit the infection.

The objective of the invention is to provide a universal method and device for highly efficient and productive pest control.

The technical essence of the invention

To solve this problem, a method for the destruction of pests is proposed, in accordance with which they are destroyed by electric current. By means of the bait, the animal pest is directed to a volume limited by two electrodes, one of which it necessarily touches, following the path to the bait. An animal pest contacts one of the electrodes, moving along it. Depending on the weight of the pest, the voltage required to form a discharge in a volume limited by two electrodes is sufficient to destroy the pest. The pest is directed into the space between the two electrodes in such a way that it is forced to rise to a certain height. The voltage between the two electrodes is applied after the animal pest has already entered deep into the space between the two electrodes. The corpse of a pest affected by the current is removed by sliding it down under the action of gravity through the space between the two electrodes to an appropriate place for collecting corpses. After this process ends, the voltage between the electrodes is turned off, and the device remains in standby mode for the next destruction cycle.

According to the proposed method, the voltage can be connected between the lower electrode and the middle part of the upper electrode, and voltage is applied to both extreme parts of the upper electrode at the moment when the pest enters the area under the middle part of the upper electrode.

According to the proposed method, a voltage value applied to both electrodes can be provided so that it is sufficient to kill crawling pests of a certain size.

In this case, the constant voltage applied to both electrodes ensures the destruction of pests immediately at the moment when the pest tries to get the bait.

A device for the destruction of animal pests contains an inclined corridor comprising two electrodes, one of which is installed above its floor and connected to a high voltage electrode of the source. The floor of the corridor, which is the second electrode, is spring loaded, mounted on a stand and connected to the zero electrode of the high voltage source and the rheostat slider. In this case, the bait is located in the lower part of the corridor. The springs with which the floor is spring are arcuate plates. A replaceable trough is attached to the upper entrance to the corridor, the cross section of which is comparable with the size of the largest animals to be destroyed. Under the lower entrance of the corridor there is a second gutter directed towards the container. A light emitter is located in the hole in the floor, and above it is a light sensor, the output of which is connected to the first control input of the switch and to the control input of the timer, and the output of the timer is connected to the second control input of the switch.

A variant of the device for the destruction of animal pests is possible, in which the upper electrode is divided into three parts by insulators, the middle part being connected to the high voltage electrode of the source, and the two extreme parts connected to the switch. The light sensor is located in one of the side walls of the corridor immediately after the boundary between the upper extreme part of the upper electrode and the middle part of the upper electrode, and the lower electrode is solid.

A variant of the device for the destruction of animal pests is possible, in which the lower electrode is stationary and connected directly to the zero electrode of the high voltage source, the upper electrode is connected directly to the high voltage electrode, both electrodes being solid.

A variant of the device for exterminating animal pests is possible, in which the lower electrode has an opening located above the entrance of the second inclined trough, the first inclined trough being attached to the lower part of the lower electrode, the corridor has a rear wall in its raised part, and the bait is located at a height of 1 inside the corridor on the back wall.

A variant of the device for the destruction of animal pests is possible, in which a pit in the ground serves as a container, the lower electrode serves as an inclined surface of moistened soil to a pit, ending with a vertical surface of natural origin, which functions as a back wall, and a latch with a bait is located under the upper electrode. The latch is connected to the control inputs of the switch and timer. In a place under the latch in the soil, there is a heater connected through a threshold switch to an energy source, and a temperature sensor in the soil is connected to the control input of the threshold switch.

A variant of the device for the destruction of animal pests is possible, in which a recess can be made in the upper part of the lower electrode, a raised flat platform is located between the recess and the inclined trough, and the upper edge of the upper electrode is elongated, insulated and placed in space in such a way that forms an extension of the corridor.

The advantages of the method and device for the destruction of animal pests are their versatility, high efficiency and productivity.

Description of the attached drawings

The invention is disclosed in detail in preferred embodiments of devices implementing the method for killing animal pests in the attached drawings, in which FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device with a light emitter and a light sensor;

in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a device with a light sensor only;

in FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a device for a certain size of animal pests;

in FIG. 4 shows a diagram of a device with a bait raised above the floor and located at the end of the corridor;

in FIG. 5 shows a diagram of a device in the field;

in FIG. 6 shows the structure of the device with a recess in front of the entrance to the corridor.

Examples of the invention

A device for the destruction of animal pests (Fig. 1) contains a corridor 1. One of the electrodes 2 is located above the floor of the corridor and is connected to a switch, which, in turn, is connected to the high voltage electrode of source 4. The floor is spring-loaded with springs 5, bait 6 is located in corridor 1, which is tilted and mounted on a stand 8, and the bait is located at the lower end of the corridor, and the floor of the corridor is the second electrode 7, connected to the protrusion 9, connected, in turn, to the slider of the rheostat 10, connected to the zero the source of high voltage 4. The springs are made in the form of arched plates. A replaceable trough 11 with a cross-sectional value corresponding to the size of the largest animals to be destroyed is attached to the upper entrance of the corridor 1. Under the lower entrance to the corridor 1 there is a second trough 12 directed towards the container 13. A light emitter 14 is located in the opening of the floor of the corridor, and the light sensor 15 is located above it. The output of the light sensor is connected to the control input of the switch 3 and the control input of the timer 15 ', and the output of the timer is connected to the second control input of the switch

3.

In another embodiment of the pest control device (Fig. 2), the upper electrode is divided by insulators 16 into three parts, the middle part 17 being connected to the high voltage electrode of the source 4, and both extreme parts 18 being connected to the switch 3. The light sensor 15 is located on one from the side walls of the corridor 1 immediately after the boundary between the upper extreme part of the upper electrode and the middle part of the upper electrode, the lower electrode 7 being solid.

In the device, in accordance with the third embodiment (Fig. 3), the lower electrode 7 is fixed and directly connected to the zero electrode of the high voltage source 4, and the upper electrode 2 is connected to the high voltage electrode of the source, both electrodes 2, 7 are solid .

The lower electrode 7 of the device, according to the following embodiment (Fig. 4), has an opening 19 located above the entrance of the second inclined groove 12, the first inclined groove 11 is located near the lower part of the lower electrode 7, the rear wall 20 of the corridor 1 is located in the upper part of the corridor, and the bait 6 is located at a height of 1 on the inner part of the rear wall 20.

In the embodiment of the device illustrated in FIG. 5, the container 13 is a hole in the soil, the second electrode 7 is formed by an inclined surface of moistened soil, one edge of which is adjacent to the hole, the second edge is adjacent to the natural vertical surface, which is the rear wall 20, and a latch 21 with bait 6 is located above the first electrode 2. The latch 21 is connected to the control input of the switch 3 and the timer 15 '. Below the latch 21 in the soil is a heater 22 connected through a threshold switch 23 to an energy source 24, and a temperature sensor 25 in the soil is connected to a control input of the threshold switch 23.

In another embodiment of the device (Fig. 6), a recess 26 is made in the upper part of the lower electrode 7. Between the recess and the groove 11 there is a raised flat platform 27, the upper edge of the upper electrode 2 is elongated, insulated and placed in space so as to form an extension corridor 28 made of an insulator.

In all the drawings, the destroyed pest is indicated by the letter C, the gutters 11 and 12 are shown schematically. Their cross section in real embodiment is in accordance with the size of animal pests C to be destroyed.

Application of the invention

The device operates as follows.

Pest C is destroyed in the device by electric shock:

an electrical discharge is formed in the space of the corridor 1 between the two electrodes 2 and 7. The animal pest C is sent to the space bounded by the two electrodes 2 and 7, while it is forced to rise to a certain height. The bait 6 acts with its smell, which spreads in the corridor and the gutter 11, forcing the pest C to climb along the gutter 11 and go to the location of the bait, limited by two electrodes 2 and 7, and it is forced to touch the lower electrode on its way to the bait 6 during movement on it. Depending on the weight of the pest C, the springs 5 and rheostat 10 determine the voltage required for the formation of discharges in the space between the electrodes that kill the animal pest C. On light animals weighing less than 30 g, the springs do not react, and the slider of rheostat 10 is in position providing a voltage between the electrodes, sufficient to destroy any animal of this weight or less. Heavier animals C deform the springs 5 in such a way that they cause the protrusion 9 and, accordingly, the slider of the rheostat 10 to provide a higher voltage between the electrodes 2 and 7. The position of the slider of the rheostat 10 in these cases depends on the weight of the pest C, providing with increasing weight pest increase the supplied voltage from source 4 voltage of 15 kV. The voltage is applied to two electrodes 2 and 7 after the pest C has already penetrated into the space between the electrodes, at the moment when it crosses the light beam between the light emitter 13 and the light sensor 15, the signal from the light sensor drives the switch 3 and the timer fifteen'. The electric circuit is closed by the switch 3 and provides a voltage supply from the high voltage source 4 to the electrodes and 7, and an electric discharge is formed between them exactly at the location of the pest C. If the pest is not destroyed by the first discharge, then when it leaves or moves, including uncontrolled rolling forward, he falls into the zone under tension, where the next discharge kills him. The corpse of the exterminated pest C is moved from the space between the electrodes by sliding under the action of forces of its own gravity to the place of collection of the corpses - the container 13 with the second trough 12. The timer 15 'is configured so that after the carcass slides off, the voltage between the electrodes 2 and 7 is turned off, and the device remains standby time for a new cycle of destruction of the animal pest C. Springs 5 also provide an increase in the space between the electrodes in accordance with the weight of the animal pests, if their weight exceeds 30 g. allows large animals to penetrate into the space between the electrodes to destroy them.

It is possible to supply a constant voltage (Fig. 2) between the lower electrode 2 and the middle part 17 of the upper electrode and connect a high voltage to both parts of the upper electrode 18 at the time when the animal pest C enters the area under the middle part 17 of the upper electrode. In this case, the first discharge that arises excites the light sensor 15 with its light radiation and connects the voltage to both parts 18 of the upper electrode in the described manner. Thus, the attempt of the animal pest C to escape is prevented.

In the case when the device is intended only for crawling animal pests of a certain size, that is, cockroaches (Fig. 3), the voltage applied to the electrodes 2 and 7 can be constant, directly provided by the high voltage source 4.

It is possible to supply high DC voltage to two electrodes 2 and 7 to ensure destruction at the moment when the animal pest C, for example a rodent, rises in order to get the bait 6. In this case, the bait 6 is located at the top of the end of the corridor 1. The pest C, tending to get the bait, it enters the corridor through the groove 11 and through the lower part of the corridor 1 and after it bypasses the hole 19 in the lower electrode 7, reaches the bait 6. The height 11 is an obstacle to the bait 6, which he overcomes when rising. At this moment, the distance between the highest point of the body of the rodent and the upper electrode 2 is less than the critical value, which leads to the emergence of one sufficiently strong discharge, which kills him. The corpse falls as described under the influence of its weight through the hole 19 into the container 13.

A possible method (Fig. 5), implemented in natural conditions, in which the container 13 is made in the form of a hole in the ground. To use the surface of the earth, inclined to the pit, as the second electrode 7, it must be moistened with an electrolyte, for example by adding a small amount of salt to the ground. The natural vertical surface 20, which performs the functions of the back wall (which, for example, may be a tree), and the latch 21 with bait 6, located under the first electrode 2, provide a signal supplied to the control inputs of the switch 3 and the timer 15 'at the moment when pest C, for example, a wolf, tries to grab the bait 6. An electric discharge that destroys the animal arises as described, and its corpse falls into the pit - container 13. In order for the method to be effective in all climatic conditions, that is, to support of the land under the latch 21 moistened even at temperatures close to zero, the heater 22 is connected via a threshold switch 23 to an energy source 24 when the temperature sensor 25 located in the ground registers a temperature below 4 ° C and sends a signal to the control input of the threshold switch 23.

A variant is possible (Fig. 6), in which, when the device is designed for the multi-purpose extermination of insects, rodents and predators, large animals are forced to jump from the site 27 through the recess 26 along the route to the bait 6. The elongated upper edge of the upper electrode from the insulator 28 does not allow they jump over the corridor 1 to its outer side and forces them to fall into the space between the electrodes. For insects, the recess 26 is not an obstacle, and they simply crawl it.

The device shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3 and 6, in the same way, destroys all pests that are parasites and leave the corpses of destroyed animals collected in container 13. Each parasite, leaving the corpse, tries to find another place to live and rushes through the gutter 11 to fresh air, which for parasites, it plays the role of bait 6. Trying to reach the groove 11, the parasite leaves the container 13 through the groove 12 and again falls into the space between the electrodes, after which it is destroyed by electric discharges in the manner described.

A combination of the method and device with other methods and devices known in the art is possible. For example, since in all cases, killed or only stunned pests fall under the influence of their weight into the container 13, it can be partially filled with water or other liquid (not shown in the figures). Thus, they will drown, even if they are only stunned when falling. This reduces the amount of connected high voltage. When the voltage is so low that only stuns the animals, and when the container 13 is empty, the device can be used to catch live animals.

Working with the device requires certain security measures. The presence of sparks in open space makes it impossible to work with this device in an environment with a constant possibility of explosive gases, such as methane in the galleries of mines, domestic gas in the premises. The same applies to spaces saturated with hazardous powdery substances, such as wheat dust, powder dust, and the like. In this case, the device should be used after supplying it with additional safety systems (not shown in the figures), which, when an unacceptable concentration of explosive substances occurs, immediately block its operation.

To prevent the effect of electric discharges on radio communications, typical measures are taken, such as shielding, circuit neutralization, and the like (not shown in the figures).

In cases where the device is used outdoors in the modification shown in FIG. 5, and is located in risk zones where small children and / or pets, such as dogs, cats, can enter, the constant attention of the operator is necessary, which, through an additional main switch, turns on the voltage when the pest approaches the device.

Claims (10)

1. A method for the destruction of animal pests by the action of an electric current, in which the pest, under the influence of the bait, is sent to a space limited by two electrodes, one of which it is forced to touch, characterized in that the pest is in constant contact with one of the electrodes while moving along it in this case, depending on the weight of the pest, the magnitude of the voltage necessary to form a discharge sufficient to defeat the pest in the interelectrode space is determined, and the pest it is directed through the space between the two electrodes in such a way that it is forced to rise to a certain height, and the voltage between the two electrodes is applied after the pest has deepened into the space between the two electrodes, after which the corpse of the destroyed pest is removed from the space between the electrodes by sliding downward under the influence of its weight to the appropriate place to collect the corpses and after that the voltage between the electrodes is turned off, and the device remains in standby mode for the next cycle of destruction of harm ator. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage between the lower electrode and the middle part of the upper electrode is supplied continuously, moreover, the voltage is applied to the two extreme parts of the upper electrode immediately after the pest enters the area under the middle part of the upper electrode. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the voltage supplied to both electrodes has a value that ensures the destruction of creeping pests of a certain size. 4. The method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the DC voltage applied to both electrodes ensures the destruction of pests at the moment the pest rises, in order to get the bait. 5. Device for the destruction of animal pests, consisting of a corridor with an upper electrode located above the floor, which is connected to a switch connected to a high voltage electrode of a high voltage source, the floor of the corridor is spring-loaded, and the bait is located in it, characterized in that the corridor ( 1) mounted on a stand (8) and tilted, and the bait (6) is installed at the lower end of the corridor, and the floor is a lower electrode (7) connected by a protrusion (9) with a slider of the rheostat (10) connected to the zero ele to the high-voltage source (4), the springs (5) are made in the form of arched plates, at the upper entrance to the corridor there is a replaceable inclined trough (11), the cross section of which is commensurate with the size of the largest animal that needs to be destroyed, at the lower entrance to the corridor there is a second a chute (12) inclined to the container (13), a light emitter (14) is located in the hole in the floor, a light sensor (15) is located above it, the output of which is connected to the first control input of the switch (3) and the control input of the timer (15 ' ) whose output is connected n with the second control input of the switch (3). 6. A device for the destruction of animal pests in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that the upper electrode (2) is divided into three parts by insulators (16), its middle part (17) is connected to a high voltage electrode of a high voltage source (4), and the two extreme parts (18) are connected to the switch (3), and the light sensor is located in one of the side walls of the corridor (1) immediately after the boundary between the upper extreme part of the upper electrode and the middle part of the upper electrode, and the lower electrode (7) is solid . 7. A device for killing animal pests in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that the lower electrode is stationary and connected directly to the zero electrode of the high voltage source (4), the high electrode of which is directly connected to the upper electrode (2), both electrodes (2, 7) are continuous. 8. Device for the destruction of animal pests in accordance with paragraphs.5 and 7, characterized in that the lower electrode (7) has an opening (19) located above the entrance of the second inclined groove (12), the first inclined groove (11) is located at the bottom edges of the lower electrode (7), the corridor (1) has a rear wall (20) at its upper end, and the bait is located at a height of 1 on the inner side of the rear wall (20). 9. Device for the destruction of animal pests in accordance with paragraphs.5, 7 and 8, characterized in that the container (13) is a hole in the ground, the lower electrode (7) is an inclined moistened surface to the hole, ending with a natural vertical surface, which is a rear wall (20), and under the upper electrode (2) there is a latch (21) with a bait (6), and the latch (21) is connected to the control inputs of the switch (3) and the timer (15 '), in the ground in the area under the latch (21) is the heater (22) connected via a threshold switch only (23) to the energy source (24), and the temperature sensor (25) is connected to the control input of the threshold switch (23). 10. A device for the destruction of animal pests in accordance with paragraphs 5 and 6, characterized in that in the upper part of the lower electrode (7) a recess (26) is made, and between it and the inclined groove (11) there is a flat platform (27), and the upper electrode (2) has an extension made of an insulator (28).