DK141114B - Process for preparing a mineral fiber product and apparatus for carrying out the process. - Google Patents
Process for preparing a mineral fiber product and apparatus for carrying out the process. Download PDFInfo
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- DK141114B DK141114B DK218068AA DK218068A DK141114B DK 141114 B DK141114 B DK 141114B DK 218068A A DK218068A A DK 218068AA DK 218068 A DK218068 A DK 218068A DK 141114 B DK141114 B DK 141114B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
- B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
- B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
- B01F25/231—Mixing by intersecting jets the intersecting jets having the configuration of sheets, cylinders or cones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
- B01F25/72—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles
- B01F25/721—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles for spraying a fluid on falling particles or on a liquid curtain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
- B29C67/248—Moulding mineral fibres or particles bonded with resin, e.g. for insulating or roofing board
- B29C67/249—Moulding mineral fibres or particles bonded with resin, e.g. for insulating or roofing board for making articles of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
- B29C70/021—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material
- B29C70/025—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material with particular filler
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
Description
1411 141411 14
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et mineralfiberprodukt, ved hvilken mineralfihre, navnlig glasfibre, umiddelbart efter deres 10 dannelse passerer til aflejring på et modtagerorgan i form af et netværk af hinanden skærende fibre, under hvilken passage der i massen af mineralfibre dels indføres hårde, ikke-formelige mineralkorn til homogen fordeling af disse i det aflejrede mineralfibernetværk, og 15 dels indføres et fortrinsvis termohærdeligt bindemiddel til sammenbinding af nævnte hinanden skærende fibre ved deres skæringspunkter, og det aflejrede mineralfibernet-værk derefter underkastes dels en volumenformindskelse, hvorunder de indførte mineralkorn indesluttes enkeltvis 20 i rum afgrænset af hinanden skærende fibre, og dels hærdning af bindemidlet. Endvidere angår opfindelsen et apparat til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden, som nedenfor nærmere omtalt.The present invention relates to a process for producing a mineral fiber product in which mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, pass immediately after their formation to deposit on a receiving member in the form of a network of intersecting fibers, during which passage is introduced into the mass of mineral fibers. hard, non-moldable mineral grains for homogeneous distribution thereof in the deposited mineral fiber network, and, first, a preferably thermoset binder for bonding said intersecting fibers at their intersections, and the deposited mineral fiber network is then subjected, in part, to a volume decrease under which they are introduced. mineral grains are individually enclosed 20 in compartments bounded by intersecting fibers, and partly by curing of the binder. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method, as will be described in more detail below.
Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at til·· 25 vejébrlnge mineralfiberprodukter, der udmærker sig ved en kombination af høj isolationsevne og høj formbestandig-hed.The object of the present invention is to provide 25 weight-bearing mineral fiber products which are distinguished by a combination of high insulation and high mold resistance.
Fra østrigsk patentskrift nr. 241.717 kendes en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af varmeisolerende plader 30 eller formstykker af mineralfibre, navnlig af glasfibre, ved hvilken mineralfibrene umiddelbart efter deres fremstilling bevæges nedad som en fiberstrøm, idet ikke-for-melige partikler tilføres under fiberstrømmens nedadgående bevægelse, og et termohærdende bindemiddel påsprøj-35 tes på fibrene og/eiler partiklerne, hvorefter det hele aflejres, og bindemidlet hærdnes.Austrian Patent No. 241,717 discloses a method for producing heat-insulating sheets 30 or molds of mineral fibers, in particular of glass fibers, in which the mineral fibers are moved downwards as a fiber stream immediately after their manufacture, with non-formal particles being fed during the downward movement of the fiber stream. and a thermosetting binder is sprayed onto the fibers and / or particles, after which it is all deposited and the binder hardened.
H11UH11U
22
Ved nævnte kendte fremgangsmåde tjener de partikler, der tilføres fiberstrømmen, til at give produktet en forøget temperaturbestandighed. Partiklerne har en beskaffenhed i overensstemmelse hermed. Tilførslen af 5 partiklerne foregår ved hjælp af dyser, fra hvilke partiklerne udtræder i forstøvet form og blæses ind i fiberstrømmen.In the known method, the particles fed to the fiber stream serve to give the product an increased temperature resistance. The particles have a nature accordingly. The supply of the 5 particles is effected by means of nozzles from which the particles emerge in atomized form and are blown into the fiber stream.
Forsøg har vist, at de fra nævnte østrigske pa-tentskrift kendte foranstaltninger ikke kan tilvejebrin-10 ge et produkt med de i forbindelse med den foreliggende opfindelse tilstræbte egenskaber i henseende til høj i-solationsevne og høj formbestandighed. Dels opnås ikke den tilstræbte formbestandighed, og dels har de i fiberstrømmen indførte partikler en tendens til atter delvis 15 at løsgøres fra og falde ud af det færdige produkt.Tests have shown that the measures known from the Austrian patent application cannot provide a product with the properties sought in connection with the present invention in terms of high insolation ability and high mold resistance. On the one hand, the desired shape resistance is not achieved, and on the other hand, the particles introduced into the fiber stream tend to be partially detached from and dropped out of the finished product.
Fra U.S.-patentskrift nr. 2.633.433 er det kendt at fremstille isolerende, ikke-brændbare fiberprodukter, hvilken sidstnævnte egenskab er tilvejebragt ved inkorporering i fibermassen af bentonit. Fremstillingen af 20 disse kendte produkter foregår ad våd vej, såsom på en parpirmaskine, ud fra uorganiske fibre, der tilsættes en opløsning, emulsion eller suspension af en anvendt harpiks og bentonit. Denne kendte fremgangsmåde gør det ikke muligt at tilvejebringe produkter med speciel høj 25 grad af formbestandighed, hvilket som nævnt heller ikke er formålet med den inkorporerede bentonit.From U.S. Patent No. 2,633,433, it is known to produce insulating, non-combustible fiber products, the latter of which is provided by incorporation into the fiber mass of bentonite. The preparation of these 20 known products takes place by wet means, such as on a parchment machine, from inorganic fibers to which is added a solution, emulsion or suspension of a resin and bentonite used. This known method does not make it possible to provide products with a particularly high degree of mold resistance, which, as mentioned, is also not the purpose of the incorporated bentonite.
Fra britisk patentskrift nr. 1.017.473 kendes et glasfiberprodukt opbygget af fibre, som ved deres indbyrdes skæringspunkter er sammenbundet med et bindemid-30 del, hvilket fiberprodukt yderligere indeholder et tilsætningsstof. Formålet med tilsætningsstoffet er imidlertid ikke at forøge produktets formbestandighed eller dets isolationsevne, men derimod at forøge produktets evne til at tåle høje temperaturer. Tilsætningsstoffet, 35 der udgøres af en kombination af et devitrificeringsmid-del og en devitrificeringsaccelerator, foreligger dis-pergeret i det til sammenbinding af fibrene anvendte 3 141114 bindemiddel i overfladekontakt med fibrene og foreligger således ikke indesluttet i det indre af fibergitterma-skerne.British Patent Specification No. 1,017,473 discloses a fiberglass product made up of fibers which, at their intersections, are bonded to a binder, which fiber product further contains an additive. However, the purpose of the additive is not to increase the product's mold resistance or its insulating ability, but to increase the product's ability to withstand high temperatures. The additive, which is a combination of a devitrification agent and a devitrification accelerator, is dispersed in the binder used for bonding the fibers in surface contact with the fibers and is thus not enclosed in the interior of the fiberglass meshes.
Ifølge U.S.-patentskrift nr. 3.337.669 fremstilles 5 fiberprodukter, der primært skal tjene scan lydisolerende og over for ild modstandsdygtige produkter. Ved produktfremstillingen benyttes en faldende sky af fibre, ind i hvilken der i forstøvet form projiceres to strømme af henholdsvis organisk bindemiddel og partikler af uorga-10 nisk materiale, begge i en flygtig vsskebærer. Det således sammensatte fiberprodukt aflejres på en understøtning, hvor det komprimeres til ønsket tykkelse og sammenbindes ved hærdning af bindemidlet.According to U.S. Patent No. 3,337,669, five fiber products are manufactured which primarily serve to serve sound insulating and fire resistant products. In the product manufacture, a falling cloud of fibers is used, into which two streams of organic binder and particles of inorganic material are projected, respectively, in a volatile liquid carrier. The fiber product thus composed is deposited on a support where it is compressed to the desired thickness and bonded by curing the binder.
De ved denne kendte fremgangsmåde vundne produkter 15 består af et netværk af fibre, i hvis masker mineralkornene foreligger fordelt i det væsentlige ensartet og i form af separate korn. Disse foranstaltninger er imidlertid ikke tilstrækkelige til at sikre en kombination af høj isolationsevne og høj formbestandighed hos materia-20 let.The products obtained by this known method consist of a network of fibers in which the masks of the mineral grains are distributed substantially uniformly and in the form of separate grains. However, these measures are not sufficient to ensure a combination of high insulation capacity and high mold resistance of the material.
Fra britisk patentskrift nr. 1.045.780 kendes mineralfiberplader sammenbundet med syntetisk harpiksblnde-middel og indeholdende i mineralfibermassen korn af samme materiale som selve fibrene. Disse korn, der, som il-25 lustreret i patentskriftets figur 4, kan være indesluttet enkeltvis i fibermaskerne, har primært til formål at forøge effektiviteten af den som bindemiddel anvendte harpiks .British Patent Specification No. 1,045,780 discloses mineral fiber sheets bonded with synthetic resin blends and containing in the mineral fiber mass grain of the same material as the fibers themselves. These grains, which, as illustrated in Figure 4 of the patent, may be contained individually in the fiber masks, are primarily intended to increase the efficiency of the resin used as a binder.
Den foreliggende fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af 30 et mineralfiberprodukt, hvilken fremgangsmåde er af den indledningsvis præciserede type, er ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, at de ikke-formelige mineralkorn tilføres i form af et ved tyngdekraftens indvirkning kontinuerligt faldende, homogent tæppe af mineralkorn, hvilket 35 tæppe ringformet omslutter mineralfiberstrømmen, og at mineralkornene fra dette faldende tæppe indblæses i den til modtagerorganet passerende masse af mineralfibre ved 4The present process for producing a mineral fiber product, which is of the initially specified type, according to the invention is characterized in that the non-moldable mineral grains are supplied in the form of a continuously decreasing, homogeneous blanket of mineral grains, by virtue of the effect of gravity. annularly encloses the mineral fiber flow and the mineral grains from this falling blanket are blown into the mass of mineral fibers passing to the receiving member at 4
U11UU11U
hjælp af en luftartstrøm, hvorhos henholdsvis mineralfibrenes diameter, nævnte volumenformindskelse af det af-lejrede mineralfibernetværk og mineralkornenes dimensioner vælges således, at hvert mineralkorn i det endelige 5 mineralfiberprodukt er i kontakt med flere af de hinanden skærende fibre, mellem hvilke det er indesluttet, men uden helt at fylde rummet mellem disse fibre.by means of a gaseous stream in which the diameter of the mineral fibers, said volume reduction of the deposited mineral fiber network and the dimensions of the mineral grains are chosen such that each mineral grain in the final mineral fiber product is in contact with several of the intersecting fibers between which it is enclosed, but without completely filling the space between these fibers.
De ved denne fremgangsmåde vundne produkter viser en kombination af høj isolationsevne og formbestandighed, 10 der ikke kendes fra nogen af de ifølge ovennævnte kendte teknik fremstillede produkter.The products obtained by this method show a combination of high insulation and mold resistance 10 which is not known from any of the products made according to the above-mentioned prior art.
Forsøg har vist, at den ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåde benyttede metode til indføring af mineralkornene i den passerende masse af mineralfibre gør det mu-15 ligt at indføre en væsentligt større kornmængde, end tilfældet er ved anvendelse af teknikken ifølge ovennævnte østrigske patentskrift nr. 241.717. Dette skyldes navnlig, at mængden af de strømmende mineralkorn og luffe-ar tstrømmen uafhængigt af hinanden kan indstilles på den 20 til enhver tid ønskede værdi. Dette er ikke muligt ved den fra det østrigske patentskrift kendte teknik. Ifølge nævnte kendte teknik benyttes flere dyser, når der ønskes indbragt flere mineralkorn i fiberstrømmen, men herved forøges i samme grad mængden af det forstøvningen' 25 bevirkende medium, hvilket er en ulempe.Experiments have shown that the method used in the present method for introducing the mineral grains into the passing mass of mineral fibers makes it possible to introduce a substantially larger quantity of grain than is the case using the technique of the aforementioned Austrian patent specification No. 241,717. In particular, this is because the amount of the flowing mineral grains and the airflow stream can be independently set to the desired value at any time. This is not possible with the technique known from the Austrian patent. According to the prior art, several nozzles are used when more mineral grains are desired to be introduced into the fiber stream, but this increases the amount of the spraying medium to the same extent, which is a disadvantage.
Det har vist sig, at de ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen fremstillede produkter har en sådan kvalitet^ at disse produkter kan fremstilles i mange forskellige tykkelser, samtidig med at tilstedeværelsen af de faste 30 korn så at sige ikke er synlig. Der kan navnlig vindes tykke plader med højt indhold af for eksempel sand, og som alligevel har et udmærket udseende. Sandet er fuldstændigt indesluttet i massen af produktet og har heller ikke i tilfælde af stød nogen tendens til at løsgøres.It has been found that the products made by the process of the invention have such a quality that these products can be made in many different thicknesses, while the presence of the solid grains is so to speak not visible. In particular, thick sheets can be obtained with high content of, for example, sand and which nevertheless have an excellent appearance. The sand is completely enclosed in the mass of the product and also has no tendency to detach in case of shock.
35 De fremstillede produkter har en udmærket formbestandighed, der ikke kan opnås med nogen af de kendte former for teknik, og også ved de meget høje mineralkornindhold S' 5 141114 bevarer produkterne deres høje evne til varme- og lydisolation. Dette skyldes, at mineralkornene i de masker, hvori de er indesluttet, trods den faste forbindelse mellem mineralkornene og fibrene, kun er i berøring med fi-5 brene punktformigt eller langs linier af ringe længde.35 The products produced have an excellent resistance to mold which cannot be obtained by any of the known techniques, and also at the very high mineral grain content S '5 141114 the products retain their high heat and sound insulation ability. This is because the mineral grains in the masks in which they are enclosed, despite the solid connection between the mineral grains and the fibers, are only in contact with the five-pointed or fine-length fibers.
Der foreligger således praktisk talt ikke termiske broer mellem mineralkornene og mineralfibrene.Thus, there are practically no thermal bridges between the mineral grains and the mineral fibers.
Det foretrækkes ifølge opfindelsen, at navnte volt*· menformindskelse af det aflejrede mineralfibernetværk 10 tilvejebringes ved sugning på tværs gennem massen. Dette letter formningen af fiberproduktet ud fra den aflejrede masse og medfører en forstærket fastlægning af mineralkornene i det indre af fiberstrukturen.It is preferred according to the invention that named volts * decrease of the deposited mineral fiber network 10 be provided by suction across the pulp. This facilitates the formation of the fiber product from the deposited mass and results in an enhanced determination of the mineral grains in the interior of the fiber structure.
Det har ifølge opfindelsen vist sig hensigtsmæs-15 sigt, at nævnte kontinuerligt faldende, homogene tappe af mineralkorn falder fra en fordeleroverflade, der omgiver den til modtagerorganet passerende masse af mineralf ibre. Herved opnås en særligt regelmæssig fordeling af mineralkornene i mineralfiberstrømmen. Mineralkornene 20 bevæger sig hensigtsmæssigt frit på nævnte fordeleroverflade.It has been found in accordance with the invention that said continuously decreasing, homogeneous pin of mineral grain falls from a distributor surface surrounding the mass of mineral fiber passing to the receiving member. This results in a particularly regular distribution of the mineral grains in the mineral fiber stream. Conveniently, the mineral grains 20 move freely on said distributor surface.
I tilfælde, hvor mineralfibrene passerer til modtagerorganet som en ringformet masse, der gives en rotationsbevægelse, har det ifølge opfindelsen vist sig for-25 delagtigt, at mineralkornene indblæses i nævnte ringformede masse af mineralfibre ved, at de bibringes en bevægelse med en komposant rettet modsat fibermassens rotationsbevægelse. Dette bidrager til en bedre indtrængning af mineralkornene i fibermassen.In cases where the mineral fibers pass to the receiving member as an annular mass which is given a rotational motion, it has been found advantageous according to the invention that the mineral grains be injected into said annular mass of mineral fibers by imparting a motion with a component directed opposite the rotational motion of the fiber mass. This contributes to a better penetration of the mineral grains into the fiber mass.
30 Alment gælder, at det er velegnet at vælge den gennemsnitlige kornstørrelse for de anvendte mineralkorn som funktion af fibermassens tilsyneladende vægtfylde. I alle tilfælde skal dimensionen af mineralkornene være en sådan, at mineralkornene foreligger indesluttet i det 35 indre af maskerne af gitteret dannet af fibermassen. ,In general, it is suitable to choose the average grain size for the mineral grains used as a function of the apparent density of the fiber mass. In all cases, the dimension of the mineral grains must be such that the mineral grains are contained within the interior of the meshes of the lattice formed by the fiber mass. .
Hvis maskerne er meget fine, anvendes mineralkorn med lav kornstørrelse, og hvis maskerne er store, anvendesIf the masks are very fine, low-grain mineral grains are used and if the masks are large, apply
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H11 Η mineralkorn med stor kornstørrelse.H11 Η mineral grain with large grain size.
De fibre, der danner gitteret, har passende en gennemsnitlig diameter beliggende mellem 3 og 16 mikron, den tilsyneladende vægtfylde af gitteret kan være belig- 3 5 gende mellem 25 og 200 kg/m , fortrinsvis mellem 35 og 3 100 kg/m , kornstørrelsen af mineralkornene kan være af størrelsesordenen fra 0,10 til 0,6 mm, og volumenet af mineralkornmassen kan være af størrelsesordenen fra 2 til 20%, fortrinsvis 3-15% af produktets totale volumen.Suitably, the fibers forming the grid have an average diameter located between 3 and 16 microns, the apparent density of the grid may be between 25 and 200 kg / m, preferably between 35 and 3 100 kg / m, the grain size. of the mineral grains may be of the order of 0.10 to 0.6 mm, and the volume of the mineral grain mass may be of the order of 2 to 20%, preferably 3-15% of the total volume of the product.
10 Den tilsyneladende vægtfylde for fibergitteret er passende beliggende mellem 35 og 100 kg/m , og de i gittermaskerne indesluttede mineralkorn kan udgøres af sandskorn med en kornstørrelse af størrelsesordenen fra 0,10 til 0,40 mm.10 The apparent density of the fiberglass is suitably situated between 35 and 100 kg / m, and the mineral grains contained in the grating meshes may be made up of sand grains having a grain size of the order of 0.10 to 0.40 mm.
15 I stedet for sand kan der anvendes partikler be stående af f.eks. knust glas, knuste bjergarter eller smelteaffald af kul. Den betingelse, som mineralkornene skal opfylde, er altid at være hårde og ikke-formelige.Instead of sand, particles consisting of e.g. broken glass, crushed rock or coal waste. The condition that the mineral grains must meet is always to be hard and non-moldable.
Der kan også anvendes ikke-formelige mineralkorn 20 indeholdende hulrum. Når der anvendes sådanne hulrumhol-dige mineralkorn, anvendes hensigtsmæssigt mineralkorn med cellestruktur, såsom navnlig perlit og vermiculit.Non-formal mineral grains 20 containing voids may also be used. When such cavity-containing mineral grains are used, cellular mineral grains are conveniently used, such as in particular perlite and vermiculite.
Produkter opbygget med sådanne mineralkorn har den fordel at være meget lette, samtidig med at de har nævn-25 te høje isoleringsevne og formbestandighed.Products made with such mineral grains have the advantage of being very lightweight, while having said high insulation and mold resistance.
I tilfælde af fibermasser med ikke særlig høj vægtfylde er det konstateret, at tilstedeværelse af disse mineralkorn udvisende hulrum, navnlig af perlit, gør det muligt at opnå stor modstand mod deformationer, .30 navnlig under kompression.In the case of fibrous masses of not very high density, it is found that the presence of these mineral grains exhibiting voids, in particular of perlite, allows high resistance to deformations, particularly during compression.
Ved anvendelse af mineralkorn med hulrum har de fibre, der danner gitteret, passende en gennemsnitlig diameter beliggende mellem 3 og 16 mikron, den tilsyneladende vægtfylde af gitteret kan være beliggende mellem 3 3 35 8 og 80 kg/m , fortrinsvis mellem 8 og 50 kg/m , og kornstørrelsen af mineralkornene kan være højere end 0,1 mm, fortrinsvis beliggende mellem 0,5 og 5 mm, og 7Applying mineral grains with cavities, the fibers forming the lattice have suitably an average diameter between 3 and 16 microns, the apparent density of the lattice may be between 3 35 and 80 kg / m, preferably between 8 and 50 kg. / m, and the grain size of the mineral grains may be higher than 0.1 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 5 mm, and 7
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volumenet af mineralkornmassen kan være af størrelsesordenen 3-80%, fortrinsvis 10-50% af produktets totale volumen.the volume of the mineral grain mass may be of the order of 3-80%, preferably 10-50% of the total volume of the product.
Den mængde mineralkorn, der skal anvendes pr. vo-5 lumenenhed af det endelige produkt, afhænger af produktets vægtfylde og de mekaniske egenskaber, der ønskes opnået. Ved samme mekaniske egenskaber, f.eks. ved samme modstand mod knusning under belastning, bør mængden af mineralkorn være jo større, jo mindre mængden er af fΙ-ΙΟ berkomponenten pr. volumenenhed. Ved samme mængde fibre pr. volumenenhed benyttes endvidere flere mineralkorn, jo større mekanisk modstand, der ønskes.The amount of mineral grains to be used per volume unit of the final product depends on the density of the product and the mechanical properties desired to be obtained. By the same mechanical properties, e.g. at the same resistance to crushing under load, the amount of mineral grains should be the greater the smaller the amount of the feed component per unit. unit volume. At the same amount of fiber per more unit of mineral is used, the greater the mechanical resistance desired.
Den mulighed foreligger at indføre alt eller en del af bindemidlet sammen med mineralkornene. Der opn&s 15 herved en bedre fordeling af bindemidlet i fibrene. Det er i forbindelse med denne udførelsesform konstateret, at det med mineralkornene indførte bindemiddel vandrer fra overfladen af disse mod fibrene og sikrer sammenbindingen af disse fibre ved skæringspunkterne, uden at 20 bindemidlet forbliver i kontakt mellem mineralkorn og fibre, og man undgår således termiske broer mellem mineralkorn og fibre.It is possible to introduce all or part of the binder together with the mineral grains. Hereby a better distribution of the binder is obtained in the fibers. In this embodiment, it is found that the binder introduced with the mineral grains migrates from the surface thereof to the fibers and ensures the bonding of these fibers at the intersections without leaving the binder in contact between mineral grains and fibers, thus avoiding thermal bridges between mineral grains and fibers.
Det af opfindelsen omfattede apparat til udøvelse af den foreliggende fremgangsmåde er et sådant, der har 25 organer til tilførsel af mineralfibre, navnlig glasfibre, et modtagerorgan, på hvilket mineralfibrene kan afle jres, midler til indføring af et bindemiddel i den mod nævnte modtagerorgan passerende masse af mineralfibre, midler til homogen inkorporering af mineralkom i den 30 mod modtagerorganet passerende masse af mineralfibre, midler til volumenformindskelse af den på modtagerorganet aflejrede masse af mineralfibre og midler til hærdning af det indførte bindemiddel, og det for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelige består i, at nævnte 35 midler til homogen inkorporering af mineralkorn omfatter et ringformet fordelerorgan (fordelerkrans), fra hvilket mineralkornene ved tyngdekraftens indvirkning kan strøm- 8 141114 me som et kontinuerligt faldende, ringformet, homogent tæppe, og organer til ved hjælp af en luftartstrøm at indblæse de fra nævnte fordelerorgan faldende mineralkorn i den mod modtagerorganet passerende masse af mine-5 ralfibre.The apparatus of the present invention for practicing the present method is one having 25 means for supplying mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, a receiving means on which the mineral fibers can be deposited, means for introducing a binder into the mass passing against said receiving means. of mineral fibers, means for homogeneous incorporation of mineral grains into the mass of mineral fibers passing towards the receiving member, means for reducing the mass of mineral fibers deposited on the receiving member, and means for curing the introduced binder, and the properties of the apparatus according to the invention Said means for homogeneous incorporation of mineral grains comprise an annular distributor (distributor), from which the mineral grains can flow, by gravity, as a continuously decreasing, annular, homogeneous blanket, and means for inflating them from a gaseous stream. said distributing body falling minera grain in the mass of mineral fibers passing towards the receiving member.
Det har ifølge opfindelsen vist sig hensigtsmæssigt, at der under nævnte organer til indblæsning af mineralkornene i fibermassen er anbragt en oscillerende kanal til passage af fibermassen med de deri inkorpore-10 rede mineralkorn. Dette bidrager til den bedst mulige fordeling over et stort område af den aflejrede fibermasse.It has been found in accordance with the invention that an oscillating channel for passage of the fiber mass with the mineral grains incorporated therein is provided under said means for blowing the mineral grains into the fiber mass. This contributes to the best possible distribution over a large area of the deposited fiber mass.
For tilførslen af mineralkornene har det ifølge opfindelsen vist sig fordelagtigt, at apparatet har or-15 ganer for tilførsel af mineralkornene til fordelerkransen i form af stråler, hvorhos kransen har en hældning mindst ligt udstrømningshældningen for mineralkornene, og at tilførselsstederne for minralkornene til nævnte krans har en sådan indbyrdes beliggenhed, at mineral-20 kornstrålerne, der breder sig ud på kransens hældende flade, vil komme i indbyrdes kontakt ved kransens nedre kant under tilvejebringelse af et kontinuerligt, homogent kornlag med ens tykkelse. Denne udførelsesform har vist sig meget velegnet til realisering af det ønskede 25 kontinuerligt faldende, ringformede, homogene tæppe af mineralkornene.For the supply of the mineral grains, it has been found advantageous in the invention that the apparatus has means for supplying the mineral grains to the distributor wreath in the form of rays, the wreath having a slope at least equal to the discharge slope of the mineral grains, and that the feeding sites for the mineral grains have said such a mutual position that the mineral-grain jets propagating on the inclined surface of the wreath will contact each other at the lower edge of the wreath to provide a continuous, homogeneous grain layer of equal thickness. This embodiment has proved very suitable for realizing the desired continuously decreasing, annular, homogeneous blanket of the mineral grains.
Det har endvidere ifølge opfindelsen vist sig velegnet ved sidstnævnte udførelsesform, at nævnte organer for tilførsel af mineralkornene til fordelerorganet be-30 står af ledninger, der gennem åbninger står i forbindelse med et tilførselsorgan for mineralkorn, hvilket tilførselsorgan er forsynet med homogeniseringsorganer, der tilvejebringer en i det væsentlige ens tykkelse af kornlaget over alle de nævnte åbninger. Denne udførelsesform 35 bidrager til en ensartet fordeling af mineralkornene straks ved deres ankomst til fordelerorganet og letter dermed tilvejebringelsen af det ovennævnte kontinuerli- 9 141114 ge, homogene kornlag ved fordelerkransens nedre kant.Further, according to the invention, it has been found suitable in the latter embodiment that said means for supplying the mineral grains to the distributor means 30 consist of conduits which through openings are connected with a supply for mineral grains, which supply means is provided with homogenizing means which provide a substantially the same thickness of the grain layer over all the said openings. This embodiment 35 contributes to a uniform distribution of the mineral grains immediately upon their arrival to the distributor and thereby facilitates the provision of the above continuous continuous grain layer at the lower edge of the distributor rim.
Til samme formål er det ifølge opfindelsen hensigtsmæssigt, at nævnte tilførselsorgan, hvormed nævnte ledninger står i forbindelse, udgøres af parallelle rør, 5 i hvilke der findes transportskruer til cirkulation af mineralkornene deri og til ens forsyning af nævnte åbninger og de dermed forbundne ledninger med mineralkorn.For the same purpose, according to the invention, it is appropriate that said supply means with which said conduits are connected are constituted by parallel pipes 5 in which there are transport screws for circulating the mineral grains therein and for uniform supply of said openings and the associated conduits with mineral grains. .
En sådan udførelsesform er meget effektiv til fremdriv-ning af mineralkornene og til at regularisere tilførslen 10 til nævnte ledninger.Such an embodiment is very effective for propelling the mineral grains and for regularizing the supply 10 to said conduits.
Det foretrækkes ifølge opfindelsen, at nævnte ledninger udgøres af render. Sådanne render tilstoppes vanskeligere end for eksempel rør og udbedres lettere, hvis de tilstoppes.It is preferred in accordance with the invention that said wires are made of trenches. Such renderings are more difficult to clog than, for example, pipes and are easier to repair if clogged.
15 Det har ifølge opfindelsen vist sig hensigtsmæs sigt, at nævnte tilførselsorgan, hvormed nævnte ledninger står i forbindelse, har yderligere åbninger for fjernelse af overskud af mineralkorn. Sådanne yderligere åbninger gør det muligt at undgå sammenpakning af mine-20 ralkorn i nævnte tilførselsorgan, for eksempel når man for en given rotationshastighed for nævnte transportskruer ændrer tilførslen til ledningerne ved at regulere dimensionen af åbningerne til disse.It has been found in accordance with the invention that said supply means with which said wires are connected have additional openings for removing excess mineral grain. Such additional openings make it possible to avoid packing of mineral grains in said supply means, for example, when for a given rotational speed of said conveyor screws the supply to the wires is changed by regulating the dimension of the openings thereto.
Det har nemlig også vist sig hensigtsmæssigt iføl-25 ge opfindelsen, at nævnte tilførselsorgan, hvormed nævnte ledninger står i forbindelse, har midler til individuel regulering af dimensionen af de åbninger, hvormed tilførselsorganet står i forbindelse med nævnte ledninger. Herved opnår man at kunne regulere mineralkornmæng-30 den fra nævnte åbninger uafhængigt af rotationshastighederne for transportskruerne, hvilket giver større justeringsmulighed for apparatets funktion. Sådanne reguleringsmidler kan have form af perforerede masker.It has also been found to be convenient according to the invention that said supply means with which said conduits are connected have means for individually controlling the dimension of the openings with which the supply means is connected with said conduits. In this way, it is possible to regulate the amount of mineral grain from the said openings independently of the rotational speeds of the conveying screws, which gives greater adjustment possibility for the operation of the apparatus. Such regulators may take the form of perforated masks.
Det har også vist sig velegnet ifølge opfindelsen, 35 at nævnte organer til tilførsel af mineralkornene til fordelerorganet udgøres af et ringformet rør anbragt o-ver fordelerkransens hældende flade, hvilket rør er for- 141114 ίο synet med et spiralformet transportorgan for transport af mineralkornene i det indre af det ringformede rør og med åbninger for udstrømning af mineralkornene på fordelerkransens hældende flade. Denne udførelsesform betyder 5 en simplificering sammenlignet med ovennævnte udførelsesformer, idet man undgår anvendelsen af nævnte ledninger eller render.It has also been found suitable according to the invention that said means for supplying the mineral grains to the distributor means is an annular tube disposed above the inclined surface of the distributor ring, which tube is provided with a helical conveying means for transporting the mineral grains in the interior of the annular tube and with openings for outflow of the mineral grains on the inclined surface of the distributor ring. This embodiment means a simplification compared to the above embodiments, avoiding the use of said wires or channels.
Opfindelsen skal beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningerne, på hvilke 10 fig.l viser en del af en på kendt måde sammenbun det fibermasse, fig.2 samme fibermasse under kompression, fig.3 samme fibermasse, men med indførte mineralkorn ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, 15 fig.4 samme fibermasse som i fig.3, men under kom pression, fig.5 en udførelsesform for et apparat ifølge opfindelsen, fig.6 en detalje ved apparatet ifølge fig.5, 20 fig.7 perspektivisk en udførelsesform for et appa rat ifølge opfindelsen med tæppeformet udstrømning af mineralkornene, fig.8 apparatet ifølge fig.7 set i vertikal projektion, 25 fig.9 et planbillede visende anbringelse af til førselsledningerne for mineralkornene, fig.10 et detaljebillede visende udstrømningen af mineralkornene på fordeleroverfladen, fig.11-13 detaljebilleder vedrørende en tilfør-30 selsledning (fig.11) og en perforeret maske (fig.12 og 13), fig.14 perspektivisk en anden udførelsesform for et apparat ifølge opfindelsen, og fig.15 i vertikalt snit en detalje ved apparatet 35 ifølge fig. 14.The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which Fig. 10 shows a part of a fiber mass, known in the known manner, Fig. 2 same fiber mass under compression, Fig. 3 same fiber mass, but with introduced mineral grains in the method according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows the same fiber mass as in Fig. 3, but under compression, Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, Fig. 6 shows a detail of the apparatus according to Fig. 5, Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of an appliance. Fig. 8 is an elevational view showing the arrangement of the mineral grains guide lines; Fig. 10 is a detailed view showing the outflow of the mineral grains on the distributor surface; 11-13 are detailed views of a supply line (Fig. 11) and a perforated mask (Figs. 12 and 13); Fig. 14 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention; and g.15 in vertical section a detail of the apparatus 35 of FIG. 14th
Fig.l viser en del af en fibermasse 1, hvor på kendt måde fibrene er indbyrdes sammenbundet ved skæ- 141114 11 ringspunkterne ved hjælp af et bindemiddel.Fig. 1 shows a portion of a fiber mass 1 in which in the known manner the fibers are bonded to each other at the cutting points by means of a binder.
Fire af skæringspunkterne er angivet ved A B C'D.Four of the intersections are indicated by A B C'D.
Hvis denne masse underkastes en mekanisk kraft, såsom en kompression (fig.2), fremgår det, at tykkelsen af gitte-5 ret formindskes, og at firkanten ABCD reduceres til firkanten A'B'C'D'.If this mass is subjected to a mechanical force, such as a compression (Fig. 2), it will be seen that the thickness of the grid is reduced and that the square ABCD is reduced to the square A'B'C'D '.
Fig.3 viser samme fiberstruktur som den i fig.l og 2 viste, men der er indført hårde, ikke-formelige mineralkorn 2, der ligger Indesluttet i maskerne. De oven-10 nævnte skæringspunkter er angivet ved A'^'C'D1' og indtager i det væsentlige samme relative positioner. Hvis massen underkastes samme kompressionskraft som ovenfor (fig.4), fremgår det, at tilstedeværelsen af hvert mineralkorn hindrer deformation af den maske, hvori mineral-15 kornet er indesluttet, idet punkterne A'1'B'1'C''D''' forbliver i de samme positioner som A1'B"'C'D'', og at hele produktet får en langt mindre tykkelsesreduktion end i det i fig.2 viste tilfælde.Fig. 3 shows the same fiber structure as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, but hard, non-moldable mineral grains 2, which are enclosed in the meshes, are introduced. The above-mentioned intersection points are indicated by A '^' C'D1 'and occupy essentially the same relative positions. If the mass is subjected to the same compressive force as above (Fig. 4), it will be seen that the presence of each mineral grain prevents deformation of the mask in which the mineral grain is enclosed, the points A'1'B'1'C''D ' '' remains in the same positions as A1'B "'C'D' ', and that the entire product will have a much smaller thickness reduction than in the case shown in FIG.
Ved den i fig.5 og 6 viste udførelsesform for et 20 apparat ifølge opfindelsen fordeles mineralkorn 12 fra en ringformet beholder 16, der er beliggende koaksialt med fibermassen 2, der kommer fra et apparat 17. Den udløbende mængde mineralkorn reguleres ved hjælp af reguleringsorganer 18. Mineralkornene, der strømmer ud gen-25 nem den ringformede åbning 19 på fordeleren, underkastes indvirkningen af et cirkulært blæseorgan 20, der sikrer deres homogene rumlige fordeling i hele fibermassen.In the embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention shown in Figures 5 and 6, mineral grains 12 are distributed from an annular container 16 located coaxially with the fiber mass 2 coming from apparatus 17. The expiring amount of mineral grains is controlled by means of regulating means 18 The mineral grains flowing through the annular aperture 19 on the distributor are subjected to the action of a circular blower 20 which ensures their homogeneous spatial distribution throughout the fiber mass.
Under det cirkulære blæseorgan 20 er der anbragt 30 en ringformet kanal 21, gennem hvilken fibermassen passerer, og som bibringes en oscillationsbevægelse. Denne kanal gør det muligt at opnå en regelmæssig fordeling af fibrene på det bånd, der tjener til dannelse af måtten.Under the circular blower member 20 is arranged an annular channel 21 through which the fiber mass passes, and which causes an oscillatory movement. This channel allows for a regular distribution of the fibers on the tape that serves to form the mat.
Bindemidlet indføres i fibermassen ved hjælp af pi-35 stoler 22.The binder is introduced into the fiber mass by pi-35 chairs 22.
Ved den i fig.7-13 viste udførelsesform angiver 17 et produktionsapparat for fibre, fibermassen er angivet \ 12In the embodiment shown in Figs. 7-13, 17 indicates a fiber production apparatus, the fiber mass is indicated \ 12
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ved 2, og det omhandlede apparat består af et legeme, der roterer med stor hastighed og har et periferisk bånd forsynet med huller, gennem hvilke der ved centrifugalkraftens indvirkning udslynges materialetråde, der stræk-5 kes til fibre.at 2, and the present apparatus consists of a body which rotates at high speed and has a circumferential band provided with holes through which, by the action of the centrifugal force, threads of material stretched into fibers are thrown.
Mineralkornene, f.eks. sand, der skal indføres i fibermassen, føres til to tragte 30, hvorfra de strømmer til rørformede ledninger 31. I hver af disse ledninger er anbragt en transportskrue 32, hvis diameter 10 er mindre end ledningens indvendige diameter. De to skruer 32 bevæges synkronisk ved hjælp af en gearmotor 43.The mineral grains, e.g. sand to be introduced into the fiber mass is fed to two hoppers 30 from which they flow to tubular conduits 31. In each of these conduits is provided a conveyor screw 32 whose diameter 10 is smaller than the internal diameter of the conduit. The two screws 32 are moved synchronously by means of a gear motor 43.
De rørformede ledninger 31 har åbninger 33 (fig 11) anbragt langs deres nedre frembringer, og gennem 15 disse udstrømmer de af skruerne 32 transporterede mineralkorn. Ud for hver åbning 33 er anbragt en rende 34 Mineralkornene udstrømmer langs hver rende og føres i form af stråler til en fordelerkrans 35. Denne krans er anbragt koaksialt med det roterende legeme 17. Kransen 20 har mod det indre en skrånende væg 36, hvis hældning er en sådan, at den er mindst lig hældningen for de udstrømmende mineralkorn.The tubular conduits 31 have openings 33 (Fig. 11) disposed along their lower generators, and through these the outflows of the mineral grains carried by the screws 32 flow out. Next to each opening 33 is arranged a gutter 34 The mineral grains flow along each gutter and are passed in the form of rays to a distributor rim 35. This wreath is arranged coaxially with the rotating body 17. The rim 20 has an inclined wall 36 towards the interior, the inclination of which 36 is such that it is at least equal to the slope of the flowing mineral grains.
Renderne 34 er anbragt således, at sammentræfningszonerne 37 for mineralkornene på den skrå væg 36 25 af kransen 35 er sådanne, at mineralkornene, der strømmer frit på denne væg, danner tæpper 38, der udvider sig og forenes langs den nedre kant 39 af væggen 36, hvorved der dannes et homogent og kontinuert tæppe. På dette tæppe indvirker en luftartstrøm fra en ringåbning 30 40 anbragt ved bunden af fordeleren 35, der omfatter et ringformet kammer 41. Det luftformige medium indføres i dette kammer gennem ledninger 42 beliggende således skråt, at mineralkornene indsprøjtes i fibermassen i modsat retning af massens rotationsretning.The gutters 34 are arranged such that the contraction zones 37 of the mineral grains on the inclined wall 36 25 of the wreath 35 are such that the mineral grains flowing freely on this wall form blankets 38 which extend and join along the lower edge 39 of the wall 36 , thereby forming a homogeneous and continuous blanket. On this blanket, a gaseous flow from a ring aperture 30 40 disposed at the bottom of the distributor 35 which includes an annular chamber 41. The gaseous medium is introduced into this chamber through conduits 42 so inclined that the mineral grains are injected into the fiber mass in the opposite direction of mass rotation. .
35 Pibermassen, i hvilken mineralkornene således er fordelt homogent, passerer derefter til en kanal 44, der er bibragt en oscillationsbevægelse omkring aksenThe pulp mass, in which the mineral grains are thus distributed homogeneously, then passes to a channel 44 which is provided with an oscillatory movement about the axis.
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13 45. Denne kanal gør det muligt at opnå en ensartet fordeling af fibrene over et modtagertappe, på hvilket der dannes en måtte, idet fibrene forud er imprægneret med et bindemiddel ved hjælp af forstøvningspistoler.45. This channel makes it possible to achieve a uniform distribution of the fibers over a receiver pin on which a mat is formed, the fibers being pre-impregnated with a binder by atomizing guns.
5 Fig.9 viser anbringelsen af render 4, hvis hæld ning er fastlagt således, at deres skråning muliggør naturlig udstrømning af mineralkomene (skråning på mindst 30° i tilfælde af sand)', og deres retning er en sådan, at sammentræfningszonerne 37 fører til opnåelse af et 10 kontinuert og homogent tæppe, scan beskrevet ovenfor.Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of troughs 4, the slope of which is determined so that their slope allows natural outflow of the mineral grains (slope of at least 30 ° in the case of sand) 'and their direction is such that the contraction zones 37 lead to obtaining a continuous and homogeneous blanket, scan described above.
Disse render er monteret på understøtninger 46 anbragt lige over fordelerkransen, således at omfanget af appa-ratet begrænses til et minimum.These grooves are mounted on supports 46 located just above the distributor rim, so that the size of the device is minimized.
Anbringelsen af transportskruerne 32 og deres 15 rotationshastighed er indrettet således, at der tilvejebringes et mineralkornlag med i det væsentlige ens tykkelse over alle udløbsåbningerne 33 på de rørformede ledninger 31. Til opnåelse af passende udløbsmængder til hver rende 34, der forsynes fra hver sin af nævnte 20 åbninger, findes imidlertid masker 47 forsynet med huller 48 af forskellige diametre, hvilke masker er monteret på renderne, således at de kan drejes og ud for udløbsåbningerne 33 anbringe det for den ønskede udløbsmængde egnede hul. En stoppeklods 49 anbragt på 25 hver maske og samarbejdende med hak på ledningen 31 muliggør den rette indstilling af masken for hvert valgt hul. .The arrangement of the conveying screws 32 and their rotational speed is arranged such that a mineral grain layer of substantially the same thickness is provided over all the outlet openings 33 on the tubular conduits 31. To obtain suitable outlet quantities for each trough 34 provided from each of the aforesaid 20 openings, however, masks 47 are provided with holes 48 of different diameters, which masks are mounted on the troughs so that they can be rotated and placed next to the outlet openings 33 the hole suitable for the desired outlet quantity. A stop pad 49 disposed on 25 each mask and cooperating with notches on the wire 31 enables the correct adjustment of the mask for each selected hole. .
For at tillade fjernelse af overskud af mineralkorn og undgå tilstopning i ledningerne er der ved enden 30 52 af ledningerne anbragt åbninger 51, der muliggør fjernelse af nævnte mineralkorn.To permit removal of excess mineral grains and to avoid clogging of the conduits, apertures 51 are provided at the end 30 52 of the conduits for removal of said mineral grains.
Den mængde mineralkorn, der afgives af fordeleren, varierer som funktion af diameteren for. hullerne i maskerne 47 og skruernes rotationshastighed, hvilken 35 sidste indstilles således, at alle hullerne leverer med undtagelse af overskudsåbningerne 51. Sidstnævnte åbninger leverer kun i tilfælde af hultilstopning eller 1411 14 14 forkert apparatfunktion og gør det muligt at undgå brud på skruerne.The amount of mineral grains delivered by the distributor varies as a function of the diameter of. the holes in the masks 47 and the rotational speed of the screws, the last 35 being adjusted so that all the holes deliver with the exception of the surplus openings 51. The latter openings only provide incorrect device function in the case of hollow plugging or 1411 14 14 and allow the screws to be broken.
Ved den i fig.14-15 viste udførelsesform bliver de til en tragt 53 førte mineralkorn transporteret i en 5 ledning 54 af form som en ring ved hjælp af en kerneløs spiral 55, der er bibragt en rotationsbevægelse ved hjælp af en gearmotor 56. Denne ledning er anbragt koaks ialt med det roterende legeme 17 og over den skrå væg 36 af fordelerkransen 35, der er indrettet på 10 samme måde som beskrevet ovenfor. Ledninger 54 har åbninger 57, gennem hvilke mineralkornene strømmer ud på væggen 36 ligeledes under tilvejebringelse på fordelerkransens kant 39 af et kontinuert tæppe af ens tykkelse.In the embodiment shown in Figs. 14-15, the mineral grains conveyed to a hopper 53 are conveyed in a conduit 54 in the form of a ring by means of a coreless coil 55, which is imparted a rotational movement by a gear motor 56. wire is disposed coaxially with the rotating body 17 and over the inclined wall 36 of the distributor rim 35 arranged in the same manner as described above. Conduits 54 have openings 57 through which the mineral grains flow out on the wall 36 as well as providing on the edge 39 of the distributor rim a continuous blanket of equal thickness.
15 Opfindelsen skal beskrives nærmere gennem nogle eksempler på glasfiberprodukter fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, hvilke eksempler også viser forskellene med hensyn til isoleringsevne og formbe-standighed mellem de ifølge opfindelsen fremstillede 20 produkter og tilsvarende produkter uden inkorporerede mineralkorn.The invention will be described in more detail by some examples of fiberglass products made by the process of the invention, which also show the differences in insulation and mold resistance between the 20 products of the invention and corresponding products without incorporated mineral grains.
Eksempel 1 a) Glassammensætning: Si02 : 66,3%Example 1 a) Glass composition: SiO 2: 66.3%
Al203 : 3,0% 25 F203 : 0,4%Al2 O3: 3.0% F2 O3: 0.4%
CaO : 7,6%CaO: 7.6%
MgO : 3,4%MgO: 3.4%
Na20 : 14,0% K20 : 1,1% 30 B203 : 1,5%Na 2 O: 14.0% K 2 O: 1.1% B 2 O 3: 1.5%
BaO : 2,0% F2 : 0,8% b) Gennemsnitlig fiberdiameter: 6 μια 35 c) Bindemiddel : phenol-formaldehydharpiks 1411 Η 15 d) Mineralkom : sand e) Gennemsnitlig korndiameter : 0,2 mmBaO: 2.0% F2: 0.8% b) Average fiber diameter: 6 μια 35 c) Binder: phenol-formaldehyde resin 1411 Η 15 d) Mineral grains: sand e) Average grain diameter: 0.2 mm
Produkt Produkt- Koefficient for KTaftpåvtriming til 5 sanrnen- termisk led- redaktion af proekfcb- ........sætning.......ningsevne.........tykkelsen med . 2S% .Product Product Coefficient for KTaft application trim for 5 true thermal joint editors of the test ........ statement ....... ability ......... thickness with. 2S%.
Produkt Fibre: ^ «Jen send 28ι7 ,53^¾ 47o tøj 10 2® ........................................Product Fiber: ^ «Jen send 28ι7, 53 ^ ¾ 47o clothing 10 2® ................................. .......
Produkt Fibre: 3 med sand 38 kg/ta ^^3 30,2 Kcal/iaX^ 880 kg/m2 15 Sand: 3 60 kg/in3..................Product Fiber: 3 with sand 38 kg / ta ^^ 3 30.2 Kcal / iaX ^ 880 kg / m2 15 Sand: 3 60 kg / in3 ..................
Det fremgår, at samtidig med at der ved inkorporering af sand bevares i det væsentlige samme isoleringsevne, bliver den kraftpåvirkning, der er nødvendig for at 20 opnå samme reduktion af tykkelsen, forøget til i det væsentlige dét dobbelte.It will be seen that while retaining substantially the same insulating capacity when incorporating sand, the force required to achieve the same reduction in thickness is increased to substantially double.
Eksempel 2 a) Glassammensætning ) ) b) Gennemsnitlig fiberdiameter ) 25 o) Bindemiddel ) fem« Mi ) Eksempel 1 d) Mineralkorn ) ) e) Gennemsnitlig korndiameter )Example 2 a) Glass composition)) b) Average fiber diameter) 25 o) Binder) five «Mi) Example 1 d) Mineral grains)) e) Average grain diameter)
Produkt Produkt- Koefficient fer Kraftpåvirkning til samen- termisk ledr reduktion af produkfe- 30 ‘ sætning......ningsevne......λ tykkelsen med,25%Product Product Coefficient exerts Power influence for thermo-thermal joint reduction of product composition ...... ability ...... λ thickness by, 25%
Produkt Fibre: 3Product Fiber: 3
Uden 831X1 28'° KcalAnX°C 1510 kgAi2 .....5,5 kg/ta3............Λ..................Without 831X1 28 '° KcalAnX ° C 1510 kgAi2 ..... 5.5 kg / ta3 ............ Λ ................ ..
(fortsættes) 16(continued) 16
HimHim
Produkt Produkt- Koefficient for Kraftpåvirkning til sarrmen- termisk led- reduktion af produkt- sætning ningsevne tykkelsen med 25%Product Product Coefficient for Power Impact for Sarmarm Thermal Joint Reduction of Product Sentence Thickness by 25%
Produkt Fibre: _ 5 med sand 54,5 kg/rn 31,0 2300 k^/m2Product Fiber: 5 with sand 54.5 kg / rn 31.0 2300 k ^ / m2
Sand: , 90 kg/m3Sand:, 90 kg / m3
Eksempel 3 a) Glassammensætning: si°2 1 61/3% A1203 : 5,5% F203 : 0,6%Example 3 a) Glass composition: si 2 2 61/3% Al 2 O 3: 5.5% F 2 O 3: 0.6%
CaO : 7,3% 15 ' MgO : 3,1%CaO: 7.3% MgO: 3.1%
Na20 : 13,9% K20 : 1,9% B203 : 2,9%Na 2 O: 13.9% K 2 O: 1.9% B 2 O 3: 2.9%
BaO : 3,2% 20 b) Gennemsnitlig fiberdiameter: 12pm c) Bindemiddel : phenol-formaldehydharpiks d) Mineralkorn : sand e) Gennemsnitlig 25 korndiameter : 0,2 mmBaO: 3.2% 20 b) Average fiber diameter: 12pm c) Binder: phenol-formaldehyde resin d) Mineral grains: sand e) Average 25 grain diameter: 0.2 mm
Produkt Produkt- Kraftpåvirkning til reduktion sairmensætning af produkttykkelsen med 25% 5 --Product Product - Force effect for reducing the seam composition of the product thickness by 25% 5 -
Produkt Fibre: 99 kg/m _ , , 2 uden sand Harpiks: 11 kg/m3 9000 kg/m 30 Produkt Fibre: 99 kg/m3 _ ned sand Harpiks: 11 kg/πr 16000 kg/m2Product Fiber: 99 kg / m _, 2 without sand Resin: 11 kg / m3 9000 kg / m 30 Product Fiber: 99 kg / m3 _ down sand Resin: 11 kg / πr 16000 kg / m2
Sand: 90 kg/m3Sand: 90 kg / m3
U11UU11U
1717
Eksempel 4 a) Glassammensætning: Si02 : 69,0% A1203 : 2,3% F203 ; 0,4% 5 CaO : 9,0%Example 4 a) Glass composition: SiO 2: 69.0% Al 2 O 3: 2.3% F 2 O 3; 0.4% CaO: 9.0%
MgO : 2,9%MgO: 2.9%
Na20 : 13,5% K20 : 0,2% B203 : 1,7% 10 F2 i 0,5% b) Gennemsnitlig fiberdiameter: 6ym c) Bindemiddel : phenol-formaldehyd-harpiks d) Mineralkorn : perlit 15 e) Korndiameter : 0,1 til 2 mmNa20: 13.5% K20: 0.2% B203: 1.7% F2 in 0.5% b) Average fiber diameter: 6m c) Binder: phenol-formaldehyde resin d) Mineral grains: perlite 15 e) Grain diameter: 0.1 to 2 mm
Produkt Produkt- Koefficient for Kraftpåvirkning til sammen- termisk led- redaktion af produkt- sætning ningsevne tykkelsen med 25%Product Product Coefficient for Force Impact for Thermal Joint Editorial of Product Sentence Thickness by 25%
Produkt Fibre: 3 20 S£t 28,7KcaVh*°C 800 4 kg/ΐηProduct Fiber: 3 20 S £ t 28.7KcaVh * ° C 800 4 kg / ΐη
Produkt Fibre: - ned 36 kg/m 25 "TtoS5 30,0 Koa3/nX°C 2200 kg/m2Product Fiber: - down 36 kg / m 25 "TtoS5 30.0 Koa3 / nX ° C 2200 kg / m2
Perlit:perlite:
18 kgM18 kgM
Det fremgår, at samtidig med at der ved inkorpore-30 ring af perlit bevares i det væsentlige samme isoleringsevne, bliver den kraftpåvirkning, der er nødvendig for at opnå samme reduktion af tykkelsen, forøget til i det væsentlige det tredobbelte.It will be seen that while retaining substantially the same insulating capacity when incorporating pearlite, the force effect required to achieve the same reduction in thickness is increased to substantially threefold.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR106046A FR1531488A (en) | 1967-05-11 | 1967-05-11 | Plates or shaped pieces based on mineral fibers, such as in particular glass fibers, and method for obtaining them |
| FR106046 | 1967-05-11 | ||
| FR106273A FR92327E (en) | 1967-05-11 | 1967-05-12 | Plates or shaped pieces based on mineral fibers, such as in particular glass fibers, and method for obtaining them |
| FR106273 | 1967-05-12 | ||
| FR148483 | 1968-04-18 | ||
| FR148483A FR94276E (en) | 1967-05-11 | 1968-04-18 | Plates or shaped pieces based on mineral fibers, such as in particular glass fibers, and method for obtaining them. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK141114B true DK141114B (en) | 1980-01-21 |
| DK141114C DK141114C (en) | 1980-07-21 |
Family
ID=27244063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK218068AA DK141114B (en) | 1967-05-11 | 1968-05-09 | Process for preparing a mineral fiber product and apparatus for carrying out the process. |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3745060A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5242830B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT304790B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE715018A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH474457A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK141114B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES353764A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI62526C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR94276E (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1234075A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE31906B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL29970A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU56055A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO119549B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE341155B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU100368A (en) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4097644A (en) * | 1971-05-26 | 1978-06-27 | Isola Fabrikker A/S | Inorganic raw felt intended for the production of roof felt |
| US3922432A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1975-11-25 | Marine Colloids Inc | Medium for separation processes |
| WO1981002944A1 (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1981-10-15 | Fujikura Ltd | Insulating paper |
| US5720832A (en) | 1981-11-24 | 1998-02-24 | Kimberly-Clark Ltd. | Method of making a meltblown nonwoven web containing absorbent particles |
| US4600634A (en) * | 1983-07-21 | 1986-07-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Flexible fibrous endothermic sheet material for fire protection |
| FR2559793B1 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1986-12-19 | Saint Gobain Isover | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MINERAL FIBER MATTRESS FROM MOLTEN MATERIAL |
| SE443011B (en) * | 1984-07-03 | 1986-02-10 | Rockwool Ab | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR TRANSFER OF PARTICLES ON OR IN A CLOSER MATERIAL COURSE, EXCEPT A MINERAL WOOL COAT |
| US5230959A (en) | 1989-03-20 | 1993-07-27 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Coated fiber product with adhered super absorbent particles |
| US4956896A (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1990-09-18 | Phoenix Associates | Method and apparatus for forming nonwoven fiber webs |
| DE69333678T2 (en) | 1992-08-17 | 2005-03-03 | Weyerhaeuser Co., Tacoma | Binder for particles |
| US5547541A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1996-08-20 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for densifying fibers using a densifying agent |
| US5352480A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-10-04 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for binding particles to fibers using reactivatable binders |
| US5807364A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1998-09-15 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Binder treated fibrous webs and products |
| US6340411B1 (en) | 1992-08-17 | 2002-01-22 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Fibrous product containing densifying agent |
| US5308896A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-05-03 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Particle binders for high bulk fibers |
| US5543215A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1996-08-06 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Polymeric binders for binding particles to fibers |
| US5538783A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1996-07-23 | Hansen; Michael R. | Non-polymeric organic binders for binding particles to fibers |
| US7144474B1 (en) | 1992-08-17 | 2006-12-05 | Weyerhaeuser Co. | Method of binding particles to binder treated fibers |
| US5641561A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1997-06-24 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Particle binding to fibers |
| US5589256A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1996-12-31 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Particle binders that enhance fiber densification |
| US5300192A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-04-05 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Wet laid fiber sheet manufacturing with reactivatable binders for binding particles to fibers |
| US5998032A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1999-12-07 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materials |
| US6391453B1 (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 2002-05-21 | Weyernaeuser Company | Binder treated particles |
| US5468546A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1995-11-21 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method of making a highway reinforcement product |
| US5718787A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1998-02-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Integration of asphalt and reinforcement fibers |
| US5494728A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-02-27 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method for making roofing shingles using asphalt fibers, and shingles made thereby |
| US5543211A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-08-06 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Asphalt fibers |
| GB9524608D0 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1996-01-31 | Rockwool Int | Manufacture of man-made vitreous fibre products |
| GB9604240D0 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1996-05-01 | Rockwool Int | Webs of man-made vitreous fibres |
| US5712033A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-01-27 | Owens-Corning Fiberglass Technology, Inc. | Asphalt-containing organic fibers |
| FR2781819B1 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-09-22 | Vetrotex France Sa | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CONTINUOUS YARN MATS |
| US20040058605A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-03-25 | Hansen Michael R. | Polysaccharide treated cellulose fibers |
| US20050000669A1 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2005-01-06 | Hugh West | Saccharide treated cellulose pulp sheets |
| US20050031841A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Attachment of superabsorbent materials to fibers using oil |
| US20050133180A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-23 | Hugh West | Densification agent and oil treated cellulose fibers |
| US20050178518A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-18 | Hugh West | Sodium sulfate treated pulp |
| WO2007020065A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Rockwool International A/S | Method and apparatus for the production of man-made vitreous fibre products |
| EP3355341A4 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2019-05-01 | LINTEC Corporation | Curable resin film and first protective film forming sheet |
| JP7079200B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2022-06-01 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Adhesive tape for protecting the surface of semiconductor wafers and processing methods for semiconductor wafers |
-
1968
- 1968-04-18 FR FR148483A patent/FR94276E/en not_active Expired
- 1968-04-26 YU YU01003/68A patent/YU100368A/en unknown
- 1968-05-07 AT AT439268A patent/AT304790B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-05-08 SE SE06234/68A patent/SE341155B/xx unknown
- 1968-05-09 FI FI1313/68A patent/FI62526C/en active
- 1968-05-09 DK DK218068AA patent/DK141114B/en unknown
- 1968-05-10 CH CH700868A patent/CH474457A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-05-10 IL IL29970A patent/IL29970A/en unknown
- 1968-05-10 GB GB1234075D patent/GB1234075A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-05-10 LU LU56055A patent/LU56055A1/xx unknown
- 1968-05-10 JP JP43031000A patent/JPS5242830B1/ja active Pending
- 1968-05-10 ES ES353764A patent/ES353764A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-05-10 NO NO1827/68A patent/NO119549B/no unknown
- 1968-05-10 BE BE715018D patent/BE715018A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-05-13 IE IE558/68A patent/IE31906B1/en unknown
-
1970
- 1970-12-23 US US00101060A patent/US3745060A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI62526B (en) | 1982-09-30 |
| DK141114C (en) | 1980-07-21 |
| JPS5242830B1 (en) | 1977-10-26 |
| IE31906L (en) | 1968-11-11 |
| DE1759511B2 (en) | 1977-06-08 |
| CH474457A (en) | 1969-06-30 |
| IL29970A0 (en) | 1968-07-25 |
| SE341155B (en) | 1971-12-13 |
| IL29970A (en) | 1972-07-26 |
| IE31906B1 (en) | 1973-02-07 |
| GB1234075A (en) | 1971-06-03 |
| DE1759511A1 (en) | 1972-02-17 |
| ES353764A1 (en) | 1969-10-16 |
| NO119549B (en) | 1970-06-01 |
| AT304790B (en) | 1973-01-25 |
| FI62526C (en) | 1983-01-10 |
| YU100368A (en) | 1979-12-31 |
| BE715018A (en) | 1968-11-12 |
| LU56055A1 (en) | 1969-02-10 |
| US3745060A (en) | 1973-07-10 |
| FR94276E (en) | 1969-07-25 |
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