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DE947188C - Grease - Google Patents

Grease

Info

Publication number
DE947188C
DE947188C DEST8309A DEST008309A DE947188C DE 947188 C DE947188 C DE 947188C DE ST8309 A DEST8309 A DE ST8309A DE ST008309 A DEST008309 A DE ST008309A DE 947188 C DE947188 C DE 947188C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
water
castor oil
fat
gasoline
grease
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEST8309A
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Development Co
Original Assignee
Standard Oil Development Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Oil Development Co filed Critical Standard Oil Development Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE947188C publication Critical patent/DE947188C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402Castor oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04Groups 2 or 12
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34Lubricating-sealants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36Release agents or mold release agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38Conveyors or chain belts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42Flashing oils or marking oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50Medical uses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10Semi-solids; greasy

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Zusammensetzung von Schmierfetten, die sowohl gegen Wasser als auch gegen Benzin oder ähnliche Kohlenwasserstoffe beständig sind.The invention relates to the composition of lubricating greases against both water and are resistant to gasoline or similar hydrocarbons.

Auf vielen Gebieten von Handel und Industrie besteht ein starkes Bedürfnis nach einem sowohl gegen Wasser als auch gegen Benzin beständigen Schmiermittel. So müssen z. B. die Absperrhähne der Verteilerleitungen von Benzinpumpstationen zum Zwecke der Druckprüfung mit einem wasserbeständigen Fett geschmiert werden. Wenn aber Kohlenwasserstoffe gepumpt werden, so muß das Fett benzinbeständig sein. Ein weiteres Bedürfnis nach benzin- und wasserbeständigen Schmierfetten besteht bei Tankern, wo die Löschpumpen sowohl als Ballast dienendes Wasser als auch die Erdölladung zu fördern haben.In many areas of commerce and industry there is a strong need for both against Both water and gasoline-resistant lubricants. So z. B. the stop cocks of the distribution lines of gasoline pump stations for the purpose of pressure testing with a water-resistant grease be lubricated. But if hydrocarbons are pumped, the fat must be petrol-resistant be. Another need for gasoline- and water-resistant lubricating greases is in tankers, where the Extinguishing pumps have to convey both water serving as ballast and the oil load.

Man hat bereits versucht, Schmierfette von befriedigender Benzin- und Wasserbeständigkeit herzustellen. So hat man z. B. Gemische von Glycerin und Wasser mit Natronseifen gedickt, um Fette von guter Benzin- ao beständigkeit zu erhalten. Diese Fette werden aber bei Zusatz verhältnismäßig kleiner Mengen WasserAttempts have already been made to produce lubricating greases with satisfactory gasoline and water resistance. So one has z. B. Mixtures of glycerine and water thickened with soda soaps to make fats from good gasoline ao to maintain consistency. However, these fats become when relatively small amounts of water are added

flüssig. Fette aus mit Natronseife gedicktem Rizinusöl zeigen ähnliche Eigenschaften, während mit Ruß gedickte Rizinusölfette gute Wasserbeständigkeit, aber sehr schlechte Benzinbeständigkeit haben.fluid. Fats made from castor oil thickened with baking soda show similar properties, while castor oil fats thickened with carbon black have good water resistance, however have very poor gasoline resistance.

Es ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, Seifen, und zwar insbesondere Lithiumseifen, von Oxystearinsäuren für die Herstellung wasserbeständiger Schmierfette zu verwenden. Für diese Oxysäureseifen sind sowohl Mineralöle als auch pflanzliche Öle als Dispergiermittel benutzt worden. Derartige Fette besitzen zwar ausreichende Wasserbeständigkeit, verheren aber, wenn sie mit Benzin in Berührung kommen, rasch ihre Struktur.It has also been proposed to use soaps, in particular lithium soaps, from oxystearic acids to be used for the production of water-resistant lubricating greases. For these oxyacid soaps are both mineral oils and vegetable oils have been used as dispersants. Have such fats they are sufficiently water-resistant, but quickly deteriorate when they come into contact with gasoline Structure.

Es wurde gefunden, daß sich ausgezeichnete Schmierfette von guter Wasser- und Benzinbeständigkeit durch Dicken von Rizinusöl mit der Calciumseife von 12-Oxystearinsäure herstellen lassen. Die Fette nach der Erfindung sollen etwa 10 bis 40 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise etwa 15 bis 25 Gewichtsprozent Calciumsalz der 12-Oxystearinsäure, bezogen auf die Gesamtfettmenge, enthalten.It has been found that excellent greases with good water and gasoline resistance stand out Thicken castor oil with the calcium soap of 12-oxystearic acid can be produced. The fats according to the invention should be about 10 to 40 percent by weight, preferably about 15 to 25 percent by weight calcium salt of 12-oxystearic acid, based on the total amount of fat, contain.

Das Calciumsalz der 12-Oxystearinsäure kann durch Neutralisieren der Fettsäuren von hydriertem Rizinusöl oder durch Verseifen von hydriertem Rizinusöl mit Calciumhydroxyd in an sich bekannter Weise dargestellt werden. Zur Herstellung des Schmierfettes nach der Erfindung kann man die 12-Oxystearinsäure in dem Rizinusöl in situ verseifen, worauf man die Seife entwässert und die restliche Menge Rizinusöl zusetzt, die zur Erzielung der gewünschten Fettkonsistenz erforderlich ist.The calcium salt of 12-oxystearic acid can be obtained by neutralizing the fatty acids of hydrogenated castor oil or by saponifying hydrogenated castor oil with calcium hydroxide in a manner known per se will. The 12-oxystearic acid can be used to prepare the lubricating grease according to the invention saponify in the castor oil in situ, whereupon the soap and the remaining amount of castor oil are drained adds, which is necessary to achieve the desired fat consistency.

Beispielexample

Vier der gebräuchlichen Schmierfette, nämlich ein mit Natronseife gedicktes Glycerinwasserfett (FettA), ein mit Natronseife gedicktes Rizinusölfett (Fett B), ein mit Ruß gedicktes Rizinusölfett (Fett C) und ein mit Lithium-12-oxystearat gedicktes Rizinusölfett (FettD), die .nach üblichen Verfahren hergestellt waren, wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Wasser- und Benzin- ■ beständigkeit mit einem erfindungsgemäß in nachfolgend beschriebener Weise hergestellten Fett (Fett E) ηο verglichen.Four of the common lubricating greases, namely a glycerine water fat thickened with sodium soap (FettA), a castor oil fat thickened with sodium soap (fat B), a castor oil fat thickened with carbon black (fat C) and a castor oil fat thickened with lithium 12-oxystearate (FettD), the. were produced by conventional methods, were compared with a fat (fat E) ηο produced according to the invention in the manner described below with regard to their water and gasoline resistance.

Der Fettmischer wird mit 20 Gewichtsteilen 12-Oxystearinsäure, 30 Teilen Rizinusöl und 2,9 Teilen in 5 Teilen Wasser dispergiertem Kalkhydrat beschickt. Das Gemisch wird auf eine Höchsttemperatur von 120° erhitzt, bis die Seife völlig entwässert ist. Nach langsamem Zusatz der restlichen 47,1 Teile Rizinusöl wird das fertige Fett aus dem Kessel abgelassen.The fat mixer is filled with 20 parts by weight of 12-oxystearic acid, 30 parts of castor oil and 2.9 parts of hydrated lime dispersed in 5 parts of water are charged. The mixture is heated to a maximum temperature of 120 ° until the soap is completely drained. After slow Adding the remaining 47.1 parts of castor oil, the finished fat is drained from the boiler.

Die Prüfmethode besteht darin, daß Lösungsmittel, und zwar Wasser oder »Varsok (ein leuchtölähnliches Schwerbenzin mit den Siedegrenzen von etwa 156 und 2050), in Portionen von 10 ecm zu 100 g Fett zugesetzt werden und die Mischung in einem Fettkneter mit 300 Stößen geknetet wird. Das Lösungsmittel wird weiter io-ccm-weise zugesetzt, bis das Fett entweder das Lösungsmittel ausscheidet oder selbst flüssige Konsistenz annimmt. Die Konsistenz wird nach jeder Zugabe vqo. Lösungsmittel durch Bestimmung der Mikropenetration des Fettes geprüft.The test method is that solvent, namely water or "Varsok ecm (a kerosene similar heavy naphtha with the boiling range of about 156 and 205 0), in portions of 10 are added to 100 g fat and the mixture was kneaded in a grease shaper 300 shocks will. The solvent is added 10 cc-wise until the fat either excretes the solvent or takes on a liquid consistency itself. The consistency becomes vqo after each addition. Solvent tested by determining the micro-penetration of the fat.

Die Zusammensetzung der verwendeten Fette und 90· die Ergebnisse der Vergleichsprüfungen sind in der Tabelle zusammengestellt.The composition of the fats used and 90 · the results of the comparative tests are in the Table compiled.

Die Angaben der Tabelle beweisen, daß nur das aus mit Calcium-12-Oxystearat gedicktem Rizinusöl bestehende Fett E nach der vorliegenden Erfindung eine befriedigende Beständigkeit gegen den Angriff durch Wasser und Benzin besitzt. Alle anderen der Prüfung unterzogenen Fette verlieren entweder unter der Einwirkung von Wasser oder unter der von Benzin ihre Struktur.The information in the table shows that only that made from castor oil thickened with calcium 12-oxystearate existing fat E according to the present invention has a satisfactory resistance to attack possessed by water and gasoline. All other tested fats either lose under their structure under the action of water or under that of gasoline.

Bezeichnungdescription

I C ■ .1I C ■ .1

Natronseife in Glycerin und Wasser Natronseife
in Rizinusöl
Soda soap in glycerin and water soda soap
in castor oil

Art des FettesType of fat

Ruß
in Rizinusöl
soot
in castor oil

Lithiumoxy-Lithiumoxy

stearat in Rizinusölstearate in castor oil

Calcium-Calcium

oxystearatoxystearate

in Rizinusölin castor oil

Zusammensetzung (in Gewichtsprozent)Composition (in percent by weight)

Säurefreier Talg Acid-free sebum

Natriumhydroxyd Sodium hydroxide

Kaliumhydroxyd Potassium hydroxide

Glycerin .' Glycerin. '

Wasser water

Rizinusöl castor oil

Calciumoxystearat Calcium oxystearate

Lithiumoxystearat Lithium oxystearate

Ruß ι- Soot ι-

PrüfungsergebnisseExam Results

Ruhpenetratiön (mm/10) Rest penetration (mm / 10)

41.50 5,50 (feucht) 2,5641.50 5.50 (wet) 2.56

4.89
29,61 15,00
4.89
29.61 15.00

82,4482.44

190 85,00
15,00
190 85.00
15.00

3535

220220

80,00 20,0080.00 20.00

195195

80,00 20,0080.00 20.00

190190

Bezeichnungdescription

I . C II. C I

Art des FettesType of fat

Natronseife
in Glycerin
und Wasser
Soda soap
in glycerin
and water

Natronseife
in Rizinusöl
Soda soap
in castor oil

Ruß in RizinusölSoot in castor oil

Lithiumoxy-Lithiumoxy

stearat im Rizinusölstearate in castor oil

Calcium-Calcium

oxystearatoxystearate

in Rizinusölin castor oil

Lösungsmittelbeständigkeit bei Raumtemperatur Resistance to solvents at room temperature

Wasserbeständigkeit: Mikropenetration nach Zusatz von
0 ecm Wasser
Water resistance: micro-penetration after adding
0 ecm of water

IO - - IO - -

20 - - 20 - -

»Varsok-Beständigkeit: Mikropenetration nach Zusatz von
0 ecm Varsol
»Varsok resistance: micro-penetration after adding
0 ecm Varsol

IO - - IO - -

20 - - 20 - -

30 - - 30 - -

40 - - 40 - -

3939

400 + (flüssig)400 + (liquid)

39 4239 42

33 22 28 30 (fr. Varsol) 12 33 22 28 30 (fr.Varsol) 12

+
(flüssig)
+
(fluid)

1212th

4545

59
62
59
62

112
(halbflüssig)
112
(semi-liquid)

5858

8585

142
(flüssig)
142
(fluid)

50
78
50
78

135
(flüssig)
135
(fluid)

44 4644 46

44
49
44
49

58
(freies Varsol
5 8
(free Varsol

keine Änderung im Aussehen, geringe Änderungno change in appearance, little change

in der Konsistenz)in consistency)

(freiesWasser; keine Änderung in.Aussehen oder Konsistenz)(free water; no change in appearance or consistency)

Diese Ergebnisse werden durch praktische Betriebsprüfungen vollauf bestätigt, in denen das Schmierfett nach der Erfindung in Absperrhähnen von Rohrleitungen benutzt wurde, in denen leichte Kohlen-Wasserstoffe (Benzin und Heizöl) und Gemische von Kohlenwasserstoffen mit Wasser etwa sechs Monate lang gefördert wurden. Die Leistung des Schmierfettes war ganz erheblich besser als die aller im Handel erhältlichen für den gleichen Zweck erprobten Schmiermittel. These results are fully confirmed by practical operational tests in which the lubricating grease was used according to the invention in stop cocks of pipelines in which light hydrocarbons (Gasoline and heating oil) and mixtures of hydrocarbons with water about six months have been promoted for a long time. The performance of the grease was considerably better than any commercially available lubricant that had been tested for the same purpose.

Die üblichen Zusatzstoffe, wieOxydationsverzögerer, insbesondere Aminoverbindungen, Schwefel, Halogen und bzw." oder Phosphor enthaltende Hochdruckzusätze usw., können, obwohl dies in den Beispielen nicht angegeben ist, dem Schmierfett zugesetzt werden.The usual additives, such as oxidation retardants, in particular amino compounds, sulfur, halogen and / or "or phosphorus-containing extreme pressure additives etc., although not indicated in the examples, may be added to the grease will.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH:PATENT CLAIM: Schmierfett, bestehend aus Rizinusöl mit einem Gehalt an 10 bis 40 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise Gewichtsprozent des Gesamtfettes an Calciumseife der 12-Oxystearinsäure.Lubricating grease consisting of castor oil with a content of 10 to 40 percent by weight, preferably Weight percent of total fat in calcium soap of 12-oxystearic acid. © 509 658/222 2.56 (609 575 8.56) © 509 658/222 2.56 (609 575 8.56)
DEST8309A 1953-06-29 1954-06-15 Grease Expired DE947188C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US754675XA 1953-06-29 1953-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE947188C true DE947188C (en) 1956-08-09

Family

ID=22125947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEST8309A Expired DE947188C (en) 1953-06-29 1954-06-15 Grease

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (1) DE947188C (en)
FR (1) FR1101430A (en)
GB (1) GB754675A (en)
NL (1) NL96843C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120624B (en) * 1958-03-05 1961-12-28 British Petroleum Co Lubricating greases

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120624B (en) * 1958-03-05 1961-12-28 British Petroleum Co Lubricating greases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL96843C (en)
GB754675A (en) 1956-08-08
FR1101430A (en) 1955-10-06

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