DE8628429U1 - Safety closure for pressure pipes - Google Patents

Description

AFS-OOIhDE Z

Apparatus and filter construction ...
23 Oct 1986

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DESCRIPTION

Safety closure for pressure pipes TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a safety closure for pressure pipes, with a closure plate, several ring segments and a pressure relief valve, whereby the closure plate can be placed from the outside against a shoulder of the flange ring attached to the end of the pressure pipe, the ring segments can be partially inserted into a groove in the flange ring so that their area not in the groove forms an external abutment for the closure plate, and whereby the ring segments can only be pulled out of the groove after the pressure relief valve is open.

Pressure pipes can have operating pressures of 1000 bar and more. Pressure pipes of this type place great demands on safety closures in terms of operational safety. On the one hand, the closure plates used must withstand the prevailing pressures, but on the other hand, it must also be guaranteed that the closure plate cannot be removed from a pipe under excess pressure.

STATE OF THE ART

A safety lock of the type mentioned above is known. In this safety lock, the ring segments required to wedge the locking plate do not have an identical outline. Their respective ends have different bevels, which ensures that the segments can only be removed from the locking plate after a very specific first segment has been removed. This one segment is equipped with a pressure relief

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valve is coupled in such a way that this segment can only be removed from its locking position for the closure plate after the valve block has been released, which opens the valve and relieves the excess pressure in the pipe. Only then can the other segments also be released from the closure plate. Due to the different shapes of the segments, very specific segments are required to lock a closure plate. If one of these specific segments is not available, this segment cannot be replaced by any other segment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention is based on the object of specifying a safety closure for pressure pipes of the type mentioned above, which allows simple and safe handling while taking into account the necessary safety requirements.

This invention is given by the features of the main claim. It is accordingly characterized in the above-mentioned safety closure for pressure pipes in that each ring segment is rotatably mounted with its first partial area outside the groove area, all ring segments are coupled to one another in such a way that they can only be pivoted into or out of the groove with their second partial area at the same time, and the closure member attached to the pressure relief valve 1 for opening and closing the valve has a lever which, in a first position in which the valve is closed, rests on at least one ring segment in such a way that it cannot be pivoted out of the groove, and which, in a second position in which the valve is completely open, does not rest on any ring segment so that the ring segments can be freely pivoted.

The rotatable mounting of the segments, which can be on the closure plate or on the pipe flange or the pipe, ensures that none of the ring segments can be lost and, in addition, that each of the ring segments has its

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assigned a predetermined place on the closure plate
By coupling the ring segments, a
simultaneous movement of the ring segments is achieved, whereby the time required to lock or release a closure plate can be kept to a minimum. The fact that the lever which opens or closes the pressure relief valve 1 also simultaneously locks or releases the ring segments, whereby the ring segments are only released when the pressure relief valve is open, meets the necessary safety requirements in a particularly simple manner; pivoting away the lever which prevents the ring segments from moving simultaneously opens the pressure relief valve. The pivoting movement of the lever required in this context is a very short and quick movement.

If the ring segments are on the closure plate and not
rotatably mounted on the flange ring or the pressure pipe
are, after removing the closure plate from the pressure pipe, there are no ring segments on the latter that
Work on the pressure pipe may be hindering
could stand.

A technically simple and reliable way to couple the ring segments is characterized by the fact that
one end of a rod-shaped member to a second
Partial area of each ring segment is connected in an area that cannot be inserted into the groove, and that the other end of this rod-shaped member is connected to a rotating body in an articulated manner so that by rotating the rotating body in a rotational direction around the longitudinal axis of the pipe, each
The ring segment can be pivoted out of the groove and into the groove by turning it in the opposite direction. The ring segments are thus coupled to one another using a rotating body. To move the ring segments, all that is required is to turn this rotating body in the corresponding direction.

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In order to prevent the rotating body from protruding from the clearance profile of the flange ring, according to a further feature of the invention, the rotating body is designed in the form of a circular disk that is mounted centrally symmetrically on the closure plate so that it can rotate. This greatly reduces the risk of injury to an operator handling a closed pressure pipe.

The lever on the pressure relief valve is advantageously attached to a ring segment on a molded part that is present on at least one ring segment. The lever can be attached to this molded part in such a way that, when the pressure relief valve is in the closed position, this ring segment and thus all other ring segments are not movable.

In a special embodiment, the molded part is a rod-shaped member that protrudes from the ring segment in the longitudinal axis of the pipe, around which the lever can be placed with its angled end area. This provides a simple and quick way of locking the ring segment and thus all ring segments.

According to an advantageous development, the angled end area of this lever has a claw-like bend at its free end. This bend can be positioned opposite the rod-shaped member in a position of the lever in which the pressure relief valve is partially open, so that the ring segments can only be pivoted within a small angle. When pivoting within this angle, the ring segments are at least partially still present within the groove, whereby in the first extreme pivoting position of the ring segment within this angle, the ring segment rests in the angled end area of the lever and in the other extreme pivoting position in the claw-like bend so that it cannot protrude further from the groove.

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can be moved.

The operational safety in connection with the release of the closure plate can be increased in the simplest possible way by ensuring that, in a position of the ring segments in which they are only partially pivoted out of the groove, the part of each ring segment still present within the groove has a cross-sectional weakening running along the longitudinal axis of the pipe, which can be produced very easily by a one-step cross-sectional jump. If the ring segments are only present in the groove with this weakened cross-sectional area, if there is still excess pressure in the pipe, the latter will move the closure plate with the ring segments slightly along the longitudinal axis of the pipe within the groove towards the free end of the flange ring according to the extent of the weakening until the ring segments with the existing weakened cross-sectional area are fully in contact with the side wall of the groove. This allows the excess pressure within the pressure pipe to be reduced across the groove. In this slightly displaced state of the closure plate, the latter is held by the ring segments with their weakened cross-sectional areas, which are still present within the groove.

In order to ensure pressure equalization across the groove when the closure plate is slightly displaced, the seal between the closure plate and the flange ring is advantageously located in the shoulder of the flange ring. When the closure plate is released from the shoulder on which it normally rests, the sealing profile is also relieved, which facilitates pressure equalization across the sealing profile. The arrangement of the sealing profile, which according to an advantageous development is a standard O-ring, at this point on the flange ring has another major advantage, independent of the possible additional possibility of pressure relief. In known safety closures, the sealing profile is located on the inner wall of the flange ring, which is the

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facing the pipe axis. The sealing profile is therefore opposite the surface of the circular-cylindrical closure plate. Since there is only little play between the closure plate and the inner wall of the flange ring with this arrangement of the sealing profile, the closure plate rubs relatively strongly against the sealing profile every time it is moved. This has an unfavourable effect on the service life of the sealing profiles used. Due to the arrangement of the sealing profile on the shoulder protruding into the interior of the flange, against which the closure plate rests from the outside, the closure plate cannot rub against the sealing profile when it is moved. In addition to this advantage, which has a positive effect on the service life of the sealing profile, it is also advantageous that the closure plate can be manufactured with greater tolerances in terms of its external diameter, since the distance between the outer surface of the closure plate and the inside of the segment ring does not need to be as small and uniform as it would have to be if a seal had to be arranged there, as is the case with the known safety closures.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention can be found in the features further listed in the claims.

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The invention is described and explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing. The features shown in the description and the drawing can be used in other embodiments of the invention individually or in groups in any combination. They show:
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Fig. 1 a top view of a safety closure for pressure pipes, in which the closure plate is completely locked by the existing ring segments

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Fig. 2 is a representation corresponding to Fig. 1, in which the ring segments are not completely moved out of their locking plate position

can be ,

Fig. 3 is a representation according to Fig. 1, in which the closure plate is not locked to a pressure pipe,

Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of a safety closure, in which the ring segments used have a weakened cross-section in an outer part,

Fig. 5 an enlarged view of a ring segment according to Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a section along the line 6-6 in Fig. 5.

WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION

An annular flange 14 (Fig. 6) is attached to the front side of a pipe 10 (Fig. 6) by means of a circumferential weld seam 12. This flange 14 and thus also the pipe 10 are to be closed pressure-tight with a safety closure 16 in the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 3.
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This safety closure 16 has a plate 18 which, when closed, rests against a circumferential shoulder 20 projecting inwards from the flange (Fig. 6).

In the inner wall 22 of the flange 14, which faces the pipe axis, there is a circumferential groove 24. Four segments 26, 28, 30, 32 engage in this groove with a partial area 34, the cross section of the area 34 corresponding to the cross section

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Apparatus and filter construction

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section of the groove 2 4 is adapted in size. All four segments used in the embodiment have the same shape. At their respective ends, the segments 26, 28, 30, 32 are mounted on the plate 18 via a bearing 36.
pivotally mounted. The different pivot positions of the segments are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, as will be explained further below.

On the outside of one segment 26, in the area of the

the bearing 36 opposite end of the segment a pin

38, which is perpendicular to the pipe axis 23
from segment 26.

At the end of the segment 26 where the pin 38 is present
Each segment 26 has a bearing 40 in which
a rod 42, 44, 46, 48 is pivotably mounted at one end. The other end of these rods 42, 44, 46, 48 is also pivotably mounted in the outer peripheral area of a disk 50. This circular disk 50 is pivotably mounted at its
Center in the tube axis 23 and rotatably mounted on the plate 18. The direction of rotation of the disc 50 and the
Pivoting movements of the rods 42, 44, 46, 48 and the segments 26, 28, 30, 32 take place in planes parallel to the tube axis 23.
25

The area of the bearing 36 with which each segment on the
Plate 18 is pivotably mounted and lies outside the area of groove 24.

A pressure relief valve 51 is installed in the outer wall of the pipe 10. The closing element 52 of this valve 51 is actuated by a lever 54, whereby the valve 51 is open or closed depending on the position of the lever 54.

The lever 54 has a rod 56, to which a leg 60 is attached via a first bend 58 approximately at right angles to the rod
56 is connected. At the end of this leg 60 is

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a second bend 62 a cantilever arm 64 is formed. In the state shown in Fig. 1, the pin 38 rests tightly against the first bend 58 from the inside. In this position, the valve 51 is closed by the closing element 52. The fact that the pin 38 rests against the first bend 58 means that the pin 38 and thus also the segment 26 cannot be moved. The segment 26 cannot be moved even by turning the disk 50 counterclockwise. Since the other segments 28, 30, 32 are pressure-tightly connected to the disk 50 via the rods 44, 46, 48, these segments also cannot be moved due to the non-rotatable disk 50. As long as the lever 54 remains in its position shown in Fig. 1, in which the valve 51 is closed, the segments cannot be pivoted out of the groove 24 and thus the locking mechanism for the plate 18 cannot be released.

In the illustration according to Fig. 2, the lever has been pivoted into its position 54.1, i.e. by a small angle in the anti-clockwise direction compared to the position 54 according to Fig. 1. During this pivoting movement, the contact between the first bend 58 and the pin 38 has been released, so that the segment 26 and thus also the other three segments 28, 30, 32 could be pivoted slightly by turning the disk 51 in the anti-clockwise direction. The segments can be pivoted until the pin 38 comes to rest on the leg 60 (Fig. 2). In this position, each segment still has a partial area 65 in the area of the groove 24, so that the locking mechanism for the plate 18 is still present. The position of the lever marked 54.1 means a position for the closing element 52 in which it has not yet fully released the valve 51. If the lever 54 is only moved a small amount, as shown in Fig. 2, the valve 51 is not yet fully opened, so that an overpressure in the pipe may be released through the valve more slowly than the locking mechanism for the plate 18 can be released. The possibility of a common

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The simultaneous pivoting of the four segments opens up the possibility of very quickly releasing the locking mechanism for the plate 18. In order to ensure that any excess pressure in the pipe has completely dissipated before the locking mechanism is released, the lever 54 must be pivoted further than shown in Fig. 2 so that the segments can be completely pivoted out of the groove 24. This position of the lever 54 shown in Fig. 3 means that the valve 51 has been fully opened. If the valve 51 is not fully opened, in which the lever 54 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, for example because it has only been moved very slightly by an operator from its position shown in Fig. 1, the plate 18 is still immovably attached to the flange 14.

In the position 54.3 of the lever 54 shown in Fig. 3, the valve 51 is completely open, so that the four segments 26, 28, 30, 32 can be completely swung out of the area of the groove 24 by turning the disk 51 counterclockwise. To insert the four segments into the groove 24, the disk 51 is turned clockwise until the four segments have returned from the position shown in Fig. 3 to their position shown in Fig. 1.

In the illustration according to Fig. 4, the lever 54 has been moved further than in the illustration according to Fig. 2 from its position closing the valve 51 into a position 54.4. The position 54.4 of the lever 54 is such that no part of the rod 56, and thus also the second bend 52 and the cantilever arm 64, can be brought into contact with the pin 38. In this position, the four segments are still present with a partial area 66 in the groove. This area 66 with the associated segment 26.1 are shown enlarged in Fig. 5 and 6.

The position of the segment 26.1 shown in Fig. 4 corresponds to the segment shown in dashed lines in Fig. 5. With

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This segment protrudes into the groove 2 4 from the hatched area 66. It thus extends over the edge 67 into the flange ring 14.

Area 66 and the adjoining

Area 68 is viewed in pipe axis 24

thinner than the remaining area of segment 26.1. Areas 66 and 68 are marked as area 70 in Fig. 7. From point 72 in the direction of the left end in Fig. 5 of each segment, the same is present without weakening. Point 72 marks the limit position of the segment, at which only the weakened area 70 is present within the groove 24, i.e., in the illustration according to Fig. 5, to the right of the edge 67.

Due to this weakened area 70, if there is still excess pressure in the pipe 10, the plate 18 with the four segments is pressed towards the free end of the flange 14 until the outside of the weakened area 70 comes to rest on the groove wall 74.

The sealing ring 76 located between the plate 18 and the shoulder 20 is relieved of pressure to such an extent during this movement of the plate 18 that the excess pressure prevailing inside the tube 10 can be released through the groove 24.

Even if the valve 50 is not opened properly - either because the valve 50 is defective or because it is only partially opened (Fig. 4) - the formation of the existing segments with a weakened area 70 opens up the possibility of additional pressure equalization.

The "pressure pipes" mentioned above can also be pipe sockets of pressure vessels. The term "pressure" can also be understood not only as "overpressure" but also as "negative pressure".

Claims (1)

AFS-OOIhDE /- Apparatus and filter construction ... ' ^v " 23 Oct 1986 -1-CLAIMS 01) Safety closure for pressure pipes, with - a locking plate, - several ring segments,
-a pressure relief valve, where - the closure plate can be placed from the outside against a shoulder of the flange ring attached to the end of the pressure pipe, - the ring segments can be partially inserted into a groove in the flange ring so that their area not in the groove forms an external abutment for the closure plate, - the ring segments can only be pulled out of the groove after the pressure relief valve is open, characterized in that - each ring segment (26, 28, 30, 32) is rotatably mounted with its first partial area outside the groove area, - all ring segments are coupled together in such a way that they can only be pivoted into or out of the groove (24) simultaneously with their second partial area (34), - the closure member (52) attached to the pressure relief valve (51) for opening and closing the valve has a lever (54) which, in a first position in which the valve is closed, is attached to at least one ring segment (26) such that it cannot be pivoted out of the groove (24) and which, in a second position in which the valve (51) is completely open, does not rest on any ring segment so that the ring segments can be pivoted freely. 02) Safety closure according to claim 1, characterized in that each ring segment is rotatably mounted on the closure plate (18). -2- AFS-OOIhDE jC Apparatus and filter construction ...
23 Oct 1986 -2- 03) Safety closure according to claim 1, characterized in that - one end of a rod-shaped member (42, 44, 46, 48) at a third portion of each ring segment (26, 28, 30, 32) is connected in an articulated manner in an area that cannot be inserted into the groove (24) and - the other end of this rod-shaped member is connected to a rotating body (50) in an articulated manner in such a way that by rotating the rotating body in a first direction around the longitudinal axis of the pipe, each ring segment with its second partial area can be pivoted out of the groove (24) and by rotating in the opposite direction it can be pivoted into the groove. 04) Safety closure according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating body is a circular disk (30) which is centrally and symmetrically mounted for rotation on the closure plate (18). 05) Safety closure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one ring segment (26) has a molded part (38) fixed to it, on which the lever (34) of the closure member in the closed position of the pressure relief valve (51) can be positioned in such a way that this ring segment and thus also all other ring segments are not movable. 06) Safety closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded part is a rod-shaped member (38) protruding from the ring segment in the longitudinal axis of the tube, around which the lever can be placed with its angled end region (58). 07) Safety closure according to claim 6, characterized in that - the angled end region (58) has a claw-like bend (62) at its free end, - this bend (62) in a position of the lever (54), -3- AFS-OOIhDE J7 Apparatus and filter construction ...
23 Oct 1986 -3- in which the pressure relief valve (51) is partially open, is positioned opposite the rod-shaped member (38) in such a way that the ring segments can only be pivoted within a small angle, in which they are at least partially still present within the groove (24), whereby in the first extreme pivoting position of the ring segment, this rests in the angled end region (58) of the lever and in the other extreme pivoting position in the claw-like bend (62). 08) Safety closure according to claim 1, characterized in that in a position of the ring segments in which they are only partially pivoted out of the groove, the part (66) of each ring segment still present within the groove has a cross-sectional weakening running in the longitudinal axis of the pipe (23). 09) Safety closure according to claim 8, characterized in that the weakening is produced by a single-stage cross-sectional jump. 10) Safety closure according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that in the shoulder (20) of the flange ring (14) there is a recess for inserting a sealing profile (76) between the shoulder and the closure plate. 11) Safety closure according to claim 10, characterized in that the sealing profile (76) is a Q-ring.