DE82689C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

The subject of the present invention is one in private and public spaces as Piece of furniture easily attachable artificial wall or standing clock on which

ι. the apparent course of the sun in the zodiac, as well as the hours of the day,

2. the sunrise and the sunset,

3. the course of the moon, d. H. its phases and its course in the zodiac,

4. the course of the zodiac
get to the illustration.

The art clock is shown in the accompanying drawings in two versions, whereby distinguishes the second from the first only in that it is also associated with an ordinary one Watch connected, d. i. is provided with a minute (quarter) and hour hand and consequently also the time of day in minutes and hours divided into twelve hours Dial indicates what does not happen with the first run.

The first embodiment is shown in Fig. 1 in a plan view of the dial, in Fig. 2 in a side view illustrates; Fig. 3 shows the plan view of the pointer, Fig. 4 shows a plan view the movement respectively. Engine.

The second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7.

In all figures, S means the hour dial of the artificial clock, S ¹ the hour and minute dial of the ordinary clock, U the zodiac , X the hour and sun hand, X ₁ the minute hand, X ₂ the ordinary hour hand, Y the moon phase hand, U ₁ and A ₁ the hands that indicate the sunrise and sunset.

The sun movement hands X turn around once every 24 hours, thus illustrating the apparent movement of the sun; in one year they therefore complete 365 revolutions.

The zodiac U illustrates the apparently advancing movement of the starry sky around the earth and therefore turns around 366 times a year, so that the solar hand X executes a backward movement through the zodiac and so every month reaches a different sign of the advancing zodiac. It is clear that in this way the sun hand passes through the zodiac once in a year. As is known, the time between two identical phases of the moon is 29 days, 12 hours and 45 minutes. If we assume the full moon, the moon hand on the watch is diametrically opposite the sun hand and is completely illuminated by the sun. If the moon hand covers the sun hand, it is illuminated from below by the sun and the visible surface of the moon is not illuminated, i.e. black: the moon is in the new moon phase.

The phases of the quarter moon lie between the full moon and the new moon.

It is clear that after 29 days, 12 hours, 45 minutes from the time of the full moon the Moon hands must again be diametrically opposite to the sun hand, and on this basis is also the speed

calculated from the movement of the moon hand. It follows from this that, since the time from the full moon to the full moon is 29 days, 12 hours, 45 minutes, the moon hand must lag behind the sun hand by exactly one revolution during this period. Thus, the sun rotates in these 29 _^37/32 days 29 "/ 32 times, while the moon turns around 28 _^17/32 times in the same time period, it DAF BEZW. Moon pointer in this period (29 ¹ Y ₃₂₎ by a During this time the moon hand runs through the zodiac, namely almost 13 signs, i.e. the whole zodiac and almost one more sign, while the sun hand runs through almost a whole sign of the zodiac and the moon hand to the sun hand during this time in one and the same position must come. The moon hand thus executes a retrograde movement through the whole zodiac and that part of the next sign which the sun has meanwhile passed through.

For the purpose of illustrating the phases of the moon on the clock, the following device is made: A bevel gear i is attached to the sun pointer X , in which the end of the gear wheel Z ₁ engages with the same number of teeth. The bevel gear I ₁ is attached to the axis i ₂ , which axis, mounted in two eyelets Z ₃ z ' _{4 of} the moon hand Y , is supported during its course in the lower half of its circular path on the plate Z ₄ , in the eyelet Z ₃ is guided here and is carried in the upper half by a cross section Z ₅ of the eyelet z ' ₃ and is so freely and rotatably mounted. It is clear that when the moon hand comes into the same mutual position with the sun hand, the bevel gear Z ₁ has turned once through the mediation of the bevel gear i together with the moon z ' _6.

The moon z _'e is keyed on the axis Z ₂ and is colored gold (in natura in AM) half black half and brings in its rotational movement about the axis Z ₂ are the same phases to the fore as the moon on Firmamente.

The clockwork is driven in a known manner by a weight suspended on one side of the ground wheel F and regulated ^{by an anchor X 1} and a 1 m long pendulum P _1. The time for the clock to run (or for the weight to run down) is 1 year.

The change gears G and H in the pointer mechanism (Fig. .2) are on the same spindle 1 as the wheel D in the engine; the movement is thus initiated by this spindle 1. The sun hand X and the moon hand Y, as well as the zodiac U are fixed on three hollow cylinders. On the strongest cylinder α (Fig. 2 and 3) the zodiacal circle U and, in the pointer, the zodiacal wheel J with 73 teeth.

On the middle cylinder β sits the sun pointer X and in the movement the sun gear K with 66 teeth, while the weakest cylinder γ carries the moon pointer Y and in the movement the moon wheel L with 70 teeth. After two oscillations of the pendulum (i.e. in two seconds) the steering wheel A rotates forward by one tooth, and after it has been provided with 30 teeth, it rotates once in 1 minute.

Through the mediation of the change gears a (8 teeth), B (80 teeth), b (8 teeth), C (80 teeth), c (8 teeth), D (96 teeth), the wheel H, which sits on an axle with D, then rotates once in 20 hours. This wheel H (with 55 teeth) meshes with the sun wheel K (with 66 teeth), so that the sun wheel K and consequently also the sun hand X turn once in 24 hours, i.e. 365 times in one year. On the spindle respectively. The cylinder of the change gear H engaging in the gear K is seated by the gear G (with 61 teeth), which engages in the zodiac gear J (73 teeth). The number of teeth on these wheels shows that the zodiac wheel J must turn around 366 times a year.

Movement of the moon wheel: The gear wheel K (66 teeth) meshes with the wheel M (81 teeth). On the same axis as the wheel M sits the wheel N (with 83 teeth), which the latter meshes with the moon wheel L (70 teeth). (The number of teeth corresponding to) the Mondrad L in 29 days, 12 hours and 45 minutes 28 therefore rotates _^17/32 times. The moon hand therefore lags behind the sun by one revolution during this time.

The device for indicating the rising and setting of the sun is constructed in the following way: On the same axis as the wheels M and N sits the drive η with 7 teeth and engages in the wheel O (110 teeth). The latter carries a drive ο with 6 teeth, which in turn engages in the wheel P with 146 teeth. This tooth ratio has the consequence that the wheel P turns once every 365 days. A pin r is attached eccentrically on the wheel P and is guided in a guide groove of the slide R.

The latter is carried by a guide rail s , which can move up and down _{in the guide S 2. - Two levers ρρ Λ are} attached to the slide R by means of an inserted pin, which are also rotatably connected to the levers \ ν fixed to the concentric cylinders £ ■ ε by means of a pin. The cylinders £ r ε are mounted on the cylinder α and at their outer end they have the sun rising and setting pointers A ₁ U ₁ .

Depending on the geographical latitude of the place where they are to be used, the pin r is more or less removed from the center of the wheel P , so that the vertically guided slide R must travel up and down a longer or shorter path and the pointer A _x and U _{x form} a larger or smaller angle. As a result, the hands A _x and U _x on the dial S show the hour of sunrise and sunset at all times, in perfect agreement with reality.

In the drawing Fig. Ι is the position of all pointers and the zodiac on June 21, 1894 illustrated at 12 noon for Prague.

When adjusting the clock, care must be taken that when the sun-hour hand is turned, the whole work rotates with it, and that the other hands and the zodiacal circle carry out a corresponding movement. Conversely, however, when another pointer (besides the sun pointer) or the zodiacal is being set, the rest of the clockwork must stand still. For this purpose the sun gear K is firmly wedged onto the hollow cylinder ß, on which the sun pointer X is attached, so that by turning the sun pointer X also the sun gear K and from it the moon wheel L, the zodiac wheel J and the cylinder £ r ε can be set in rotation. This rotation is also communicated to the corresponding pointers YUA ₁ U _x. It is clear that when the sun pointer is turned, the wheels GH, which sit on the axis 1 going to the engine, must move with it, and the axis 1 must still be stationary, since the engine is inhibited by the armature T. For this purpose the wheels G H (Fig. 8) are wedged on a common cylinder ζ loosely attached to the narrowed part of the axle 1 (Fig. 8). A compression spring 2 is also drawn onto this narrowed part of the axle 1, which is supported against the stronger part of the axle 1 and presses the double wheel G H against the ring 12 held by the pin 4 inserted through it. When the axis 1 rotates, the cylinder ζ rotates with the wheels G H through the mediation of the compression spring 2, while when the wheels GH rotate from the sun gear K fixed on the cylinder β, the shaft ζ only slides on the axis 1, while the latter stands still .

The remaining wheels J and L in Fig. 2 and JKL in Fig. 6 are rotatably mounted on the cylinders αβγ , by means of a plate-like spring 5 (Fig. 6), which is inserted into the groove of the cylinder by a fork 6 against the Wheel is pressed, which the latter is supported against a collar 7 of the cylinder. The fork 6 can also be omitted, and in this case the spring is cut out accordingly, as shown in FIG. 11, and inserted directly into the groove of the cylinder. The consequence of this is that when the pointer Y or U is rotated for the purpose of pointing, the cylinder attached to the latter moves with it, but the associated wheel (L or J) comes to a standstill. If, however, the wheels turn while the clock is running, the cylinders are also carried along by friction by means of these springs and the hands are advanced accordingly.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 shows an artificial clock in connection with an ordinary clock and differs only in this way from the first Arrangement that they have two hands (hour and minute hands) and consequently also two Cylinder owns more.

Λ, is a spindle that turns once every 1 hour by means of a corresponding gear ratio, like the vortex wheel in a normal clock, and carries a wheel A _x with 20 teeth. This engages in the change wheel R _x with 40 teeth, which carries the drive b _x with 8 teeth. The drive b _x again drives the wheel C ₁ (with 48 teeth). This has the consequence that the wheel A _x resp. the minute hand X _x once every 1 hour and the hour hand X ₂ respectively. the wheel C ₁ rotates once every 12 hours, just as in an ordinary watch. A change gear E ₁ with 80 teeth engages in wheel C ₁ , which turns around in 20 hours and on whose spindle 9 the wheels G and H sit and consequently turn around in the same time. The wheels G and H drive the movement in the same way as in the previous arrangement.

For the purpose of setting the clock, the wheels C ₁ and A _{1 are} firmly placed on the cylinder, while the wheels JKL are fastened to the cylinder by means of a compression spring, as before. While the wheel A _{x is} firmly seated on its cylinder a _2, it is fastened to the spindle a _x merely by means of a compression spring 10, as in FIG. 10. The purpose and effect are the same as in the first arrangement, with the only difference that when the minute hand is turned, the entire clockwork or clockwork is displayed. the hands move with them, while when other hands are turned, with the exception of the hour hand X ₂ , which is not directed, the rest of the clockwork comes to a standstill.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: i. An astronomical clock, characterized by a sun hand X, which indicates the time of day on the dial 5 in hours and the position of the sun in the sky on the movable zodiac U by the sun pointer turns 365 times in a year, whereas the zodiac U turns 366 times, so that the sun moves backwards in the zodiac and passes through its signs in one year.
2. A watch according to claim 1. with a moon hand Y, which rotates from one full moon to the other (29 days, 12 hours, 45 minutes ^ = 29 ¹⁷ Z ₃₂ ) ³ S'732 ^ aI, i.e. by one revolution remains behind the sun pointer X and at the same time illustrates the phases of the moon by the fact that in eyelets z ' ₃ Z _{4 it} carries a spindle i ₂ with a moon ball z _e half black and half light, which is supported by two identical bevel gears i on the sun pointer and Z _{1 is} rotated at Z _2. 3. ' A clock according to claim 1, with hands A ₁ and ZJ ₁ , which indicate the sunrise and sunset on the dial S by moving from the vertical slide s of a cross loop S ₁ s Rr, that of the crank pin r des annually The wheel P, which rotates one revolution, is moved up and down, by means of rods JJjJ ₁ and arms \ ν attached to the pointer sleeves are brought closer to or removed from one another. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.