DE69219017T2 - Personal data card made from a polymeric thick film circuit - Google Patents
Personal data card made from a polymeric thick film circuitInfo
- Publication number
- DE69219017T2 DE69219017T2 DE69219017T DE69219017T DE69219017T2 DE 69219017 T2 DE69219017 T2 DE 69219017T2 DE 69219017 T DE69219017 T DE 69219017T DE 69219017 T DE69219017 T DE 69219017T DE 69219017 T2 DE69219017 T2 DE 69219017T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- personal data
- nickel
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/245—Reinforcing conductive patterns made by printing techniques or by other techniques for applying conductive pastes, inks or powders; Reinforcing other conductive patterns by such techniques
- H05K3/246—Reinforcing conductive paste, ink or powder patterns by other methods, e.g. by plating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07788—Antenna details the antenna being of the capacitive type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48225—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
- H01L2224/48227—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/484—Connecting portions
- H01L2224/48463—Connecting portions the connecting portion on the bonding area of the semiconductor or solid-state body being a ball bond
- H01L2224/48464—Connecting portions the connecting portion on the bonding area of the semiconductor or solid-state body being a ball bond the other connecting portion not on the bonding area also being a ball bond, i.e. ball-to-ball
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01013—Aluminum [Al]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01029—Copper [Cu]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01078—Platinum [Pt]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01079—Gold [Au]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01087—Francium [Fr]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/19—Details of hybrid assemblies other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/1901—Structure
- H01L2924/1904—Component type
- H01L2924/19041—Component type being a capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/30—Technical effects
- H01L2924/301—Electrical effects
- H01L2924/3011—Impedance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0703—Plating
- H05K2203/072—Electroless plating, e.g. finish plating or initial plating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/901—Printed circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
- Y10T29/49162—Manufacturing circuit on or in base by using wire as conductive path
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine aus einer Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung hergestellte elektronische Speicher-Personendatenkarte.The present invention relates to an electronic memory personal data card made from a polymer thick film circuit.
Große Anstrengungen sind derzeit der Entwicklung einer Personendatenkarte gewidmet, das heißt einer Vorrichtung in Kreditkartengröße, die einen elektronischen Speicher zur Speicherung von Daten in elektronischer Form enthält. Früher hat man Personendatenkarten aus einer aus FR-4 oder einem Polyesterharz gefertigten, herkömmlichen Leiterplatte hergestellt, die auf einer oder auf beiden ihrer Hauptoberflächen mit einer Schicht einer Kupfermetallisierung oder dergleichen kaschiert ist. Dabei wird Kupfermetallisierung strukturiert, typischerweise mittels photolithographischer Verfahrensweisen, und ergibt so eine aus mehreren metallisierten Flächen und die Flächen selektiv verschaltenden Leiterbahnen bestehende Schaltung. In der Praxis werden die metallisierten Flächen selektiv zuerst mit Nickel und dann mit Gold elektrochemisch beschichtet, damit sich jeder einzelne von mehreren Aluminiumleitern eines Halbleiterstempels leichter mit der Leiterplatte drahtbondieren läßt.A great deal of effort is currently being devoted to the development of a personal data card, that is, a credit card-sized device containing an electronic memory for storing data in electronic form. Historically, personal data cards have been made from a conventional circuit board made of FR-4 or a polyester resin with a layer of copper metallization or the like laminated on one or both of its major surfaces. Copper metallization is patterned, typically by photolithographic techniques, to form a circuit consisting of a plurality of metallized areas and conductor tracks selectively interconnecting the areas. In practice, the metallized areas are selectively electroplated first with nickel and then with gold to facilitate wire bonding of each of a plurality of aluminum conductors of a semiconductor stamp to the circuit board.
Der Einsatz von auf FR-4 oder Polyesterharz basierenden Leiterplatten bei der Herstellung von Personendatenkarten ist zwar weit verbreitet, doch machen die Kosten derartiger Leiterplatten vielfach einen erheblichen Anteil der Gesamtkosten der Karte selbst aus. Daher haben sich die Anstrengungen auf die Verwendung eines weniger teuren Verschaltungsmediums bei der Herstellung einer Personendatenkarte konzentriert. Ein solches, gegenüber herkömmlichen, auf FR-4 und Polyesterharz basierenden Leiterplatten kostengünstigeres Verschaltungsmedium bildet eine Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung. Derartige Schaltungen bestehen typischerweise aus einer Polymergrobfolie, (z.B. MYLAR -Folie), auf die ein Leitlack aufgedruckt und so eine Struktur aus Leitflächen und Verschaltungsbahnen erzeugt wird. Die Verbindung eines Bauelementes mit einem Satz der elektrisch leitfähigen Lackflächen auf der Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung erfolgt entweder durch Löten oder durch Verwendung eines Leitkitts.Although the use of FR-4 or polyester resin-based circuit boards in the manufacture of personal data cards is widespread, the cost of such circuit boards often represents a significant proportion of the total cost of the card itself. Efforts have therefore focused on using a less expensive circuit medium in the manufacture of a personal data card. One such circuit medium, which is more cost-effective than conventional FR-4 and polyester resin-based circuit boards, is a polymer thick-film circuit. Such circuits typically consist of a polymer film (e.g. MYLAR film) onto which a conductive ink is printed, thus creating a structure of conductive surfaces. and interconnection paths are created. The connection of a component with a set of electrically conductive lacquer surfaces on the polymer thick-film circuit is carried out either by soldering or by using a conductive putty.
Polymer-Dickschichtschaltungen sind zwar in der Herstellung weniger teuer als herkömmliche, auf FR-4 und Polyesterharz basierende Leiterplatten, haben aber herkömmliche Leiterplatten bei der Herstellung von Personendatenkarten dennoch nicht verdrängt. Ein Grund dafür ist, daß es bisher nicht möglich war, eine verläßliche Drahtbondierung zwischen jedem einem Halbleiterstempel zugeordneten Aluminiumleiter und einer Lackfläche auf einer Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung herzustellen. Die Drahtbondierung stellt die bevorzugte Technik zur zuverlässigen Herstellung einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen jedem Halbleiterstempel und dem Verschaltungsmedium bei der Herstellung einer Personendatenkarte dar. Den Grund dafür bildet die geringe gegenseitige Beabstandung der dem Stempel zugeordneten Aluminiumleiter.Although polymer thick film circuits are less expensive to manufacture than conventional FR-4 and polyester resin based circuit boards, they have not replaced conventional circuit boards in the manufacture of personal data cards. One reason for this is that it has not been possible to achieve a reliable wire bond between each aluminum conductor associated with a semiconductor stamp and a resist surface on a polymer thick film circuit. Wire bonding is the preferred technique for reliably establishing an electrical connection between each semiconductor stamp and the interconnection medium in the manufacture of a personal data card. The reason for this is the close mutual spacing of the aluminum conductors associated with the stamp.
Überdies weisen bei den derzeitigen Polymer- Dickschichtschaltungen die durch Aufbringen von Leitlack auf die Polymerfolie erzeugten Leitflächen und Verschaltungsbahnen eine Impedanz auf, wie man sie nur bei in Kontakt-Personendatenkarten anzutreffenden Gleichstromschaltungen für brauchbar hält. Wie schon ihr Name sagt, weisen Kontakt-Karten einen Satz elektrischer Kontakte auf, der so ausgelegt ist, daß er mit einem entsprechenden Satz von Kontakten auf einem entsprechenden Kartenleser physisch zusammenpaßt und so ein unmittelbares Einkoppeln von Gleichstrom in die Karte zur Speisung der aktiven Bauelemente auf der Karte ermöglicht. Andererseits gilt die Impedanz der Leitlackbahnen und Verschaltungsflächen auf derzeitigen Polymer-Dickschichtschaltungen allgemein als zu hoch für in berührungslosen Personendatenkarten anzutreffende Wechselstromschaltungen. Kennzeichnend für berührungslose Personendatenkarten ist das Fehlen jeglicher Kontakte zur Herstellung einer physischen Verbindung mit einem Kartenleser. Stattdessen sind derzeitige berührungslose Karten im allgemeinen mit induktiven und/oder kapazitiven Kopplungseinrichtungen zur Einkopplung von Signalen und Energie in die Karte versehen. Es wird einleuchten, daß bei berührungslosen Personendatenkarten der zum Speisen von aktiven Bauelementen auf der Karte erforderliche Gleichstrom auf der Karte selbst aus dem in diese eingekoppelten Wechselstrom erzeugt werden muß. Berührungslose Karten sind daher mit einer oder mehreren Wechselstromschaltungen versehen, wie man sie auf Kontakt-Karten nicht findet.Moreover, in current polymer thick film circuits, the conductive surfaces and interconnection areas created by applying conductive ink to the polymer film have an impedance that is thought to be useful only in DC circuits found in contact personal data cards. As their name suggests, contact cards have a set of electrical contacts designed to physically mate with a corresponding set of contacts on a corresponding card reader, thus allowing direct coupling of DC current into the card to power the active components on the card. On the other hand, the impedance of the conductive ink tracks and interconnection areas on current polymer thick film circuits is generally considered to be too high for AC circuits found in contactless personal data cards. A characteristic of contactless personal data cards is the lack of any contacts for establishing a physical connection to a card reader. Instead, Current contactless cards are generally provided with inductive and/or capacitive coupling devices for coupling signals and energy into the card. It will be clear that with contactless personal data cards, the direct current required to power active components on the card must be generated on the card itself from the alternating current coupled into it. Contactless cards are therefore provided with one or more alternating current circuits, which are not found on contact cards.
Aus EP-A-0 278 413 ist ein Dickschichtschaltkreis mit einem Keramikträger bekannt, der einen Chip und mehrere Leiterbahnen aufweist. Ein Bondierdraht verbindet die Kontaktfläche einer Bahn mit dem Chip. Bei einem Beispiel soll eine Goldbahn über einen Aluminiumdraht mit dem Chip bondiert werden. Um eine zuverlässige Verbindung mit der Kontaktfläche der Bahn zu gewährleisten, wird die Fläche zuerst mit einer Nickelschicht und dann einer Aluminiumschicht belegt und danach ein Aluminiumdraht mit der Aluminiumschicht der Fläche bondiert.EP-A-0 278 413 discloses a thick-film circuit with a ceramic carrier that has a chip and several conductor tracks. A bonding wire connects the contact surface of a track to the chip. In one example, a gold track is to be bonded to the chip via an aluminum wire. To ensure a reliable connection to the contact surface of the track, the surface is first covered with a nickel layer and then an aluminum layer, and then an aluminum wire is bonded to the aluminum layer of the surface.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Personenkarte nach Anspruch 1 sowie eine Personendatenkarte nach Anspruch 6 bereitgestellt. Die Personendatenkarte ist typischerweise eine solche berührungsloser Art, wie sie aus einer Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung hergestellt wird. Die Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung besteht aus einer Polymergrobfolie, auf die ein kupferbeladener Polymerlack aufgebracht und so eine Struktur aus elektrisch leitfähigen Flächen und verschaltenden Leiterbahnen geschaffen wird. Auf ausgewählte Flächen auf der Dickschichtschaltung wird Nickel aufgebracht, typischerweise durch chemische Abscheidung, bevor derartige Flächen elektrochemisch mit Gold beschichtet werden. Das Gold auf jeder selektiv elektrochemisch beschichteten Fläche erleichtert eine Drahtbondierung eines einem Halbleiterstempel zugeordneten Aluminiumleiters mit der Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung, während das Gold durch das darunterliegende Nickel so weit gefestigt wird, daß eine zur zuverlässigen Bondierung ausreichende Verformung des Leiters gewährleistet ist. Der auf die Dickschichtschaltung aufgebrachte kupferbeladene Polymerlack ergibt eine Schaltung mit einer für im allgemeinen auf einer berührungslosen Karte anzutreffende Wechselstromschaltungen ausreichend niedrigen Impedanz. Überdies wurde gefunden, daß durch Laminieren der Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung mit anderen Schichten während der späteren Herstellung der Personendatenkarte der Widerstand des Lacks absank, womit sich die elektrische Leistungsfähigkeit der Karte verbesserte.According to the invention, a method of manufacturing a personal card according to claim 1 and a personal data card according to claim 6 are provided. The personal data card is typically of the non-contact type manufactured from a polymer thick film circuit. The polymer thick film circuit consists of a polymer sheet to which a copper-loaded polymer lacquer is applied to create a structure of electrically conductive areas and interconnecting conductor tracks. Nickel is applied to selected areas on the thick film circuit, typically by chemical deposition, before such areas are electrochemically plated with gold. The gold on each selectively electrochemically plated area facilitates wire bonding of an aluminum conductor associated with a semiconductor die to the polymer thick film circuit. while the gold is strengthened by the underlying nickel to provide sufficient deformation of the conductor for reliable bonding. The copper-loaded polymer resist applied to the thick film circuit provides a circuit with sufficiently low impedance for AC circuits generally found on a non-contact card. In addition, it was found that by laminating the polymer thick film circuit with other layers during later manufacture of the personal data card, the resistivity of the resist was reduced, thus improving the electrical performance of the card.
ABBILDUNG 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten berührungslosen Personendatenkarte; undFIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a contactless personal data card constructed in accordance with the invention; and
ABBILDUNG 2 ist eine Querschnittsansicht der Personendatenkarte aus ABB. 1 entlang der Ebene 2-2 derselben.FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the personal data card of FIGURE 1 taken along plane 2-2 thereof.
ABBILDUNG 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten berührungslosen Personendatenkarte 10. Die Karte 10 wird aus einer eine Grobfolie 14 aus etwa 1-2 Milz starke (1 Milz = 1/1000 Zoll; 1 Zoll = 2,54 cm) Polymerfohe (z.B. MYLAR -Folie) beinhaltenden Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung 12 hergestellt. Die tatsächliche Stärke der Grobfolie 14 ist der besseren Übersichtlichkeit halber übertrieben dargestellt. Die Folie 14 wird mittels eines kupfergefüllten Polymerlacks mit einer durch Flächen 16 und 17 und Verschaltungsbahnen 18 gebildeten Struktur bedruckt, so daß die Flächen und Verbindungsbahnen nach dem Härten elektrisch leitfähig sind. Typischerweise werden die Flächen 16 und 17 sowie die Bahnen 18 in einer Stärke von etwa 1 Milz aufgedruckt und sind dadurch so leitfähig, daß sie sowohl Gleichströme als auch Wechselströme mit noch annehmbaren Verlusten führen können.FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a contactless personal data card 10 constructed in accordance with the invention. The card 10 is made from a polymer thick film circuit 12 comprising a coarse film 14 made of approximately 1-2 mils thick (1 mil = 1/1000 inch; 1 inch = 2.54 cm) polymer film (e.g. MYLAR film). The actual thickness of the coarse film 14 is exaggerated for the sake of clarity. The film 14 is printed with a structure formed by surfaces 16 and 17 and interconnection tracks 18 using a copper-filled polymer lacquer, so that the surfaces and interconnection tracks are electrically conductive after curing. Typically, the areas 16 and 17 as well as the tracks 18 are printed with a thickness of about 1 milz and are thus so conductive that they can carry both direct currents and alternating currents with acceptable losses.
Die Flächen 16 sind verhältnismäßig klein bemessen, (typischerweise 50 x 50 Milz) und dienen als Kontaktstellen für einem Halbleiterstempel zugeordnete Leiter sowie für Leiter von diskreten passiven Bauelementen, wie nachstehend noch zu besprechen sein wird.The areas 16 are relatively small (typically 50 x 50 mm) and serve as contact points for conductors associated with a semiconductor die as well as for conductors of discrete passive components, as will be discussed below.
Daher seien die Flächen 16 im folgenden als Kontaktstellenflächen bezeichnet. Die Flächen 17 werden groß bemessen, (bis zu 0,375 Zoll x 0,375 Zoll), damit zwei oder mehr derselben als kapazitive Platten zum Einkoppeln von Daten in die Karte 10 dienen können, während andere zur Aufnahme eines einzelnen von mehreren Halbleiterstempeln 19 dienen, die typischerweise mittels eines Klebstoffs an der Folie 14 befestigt sind. Typischerweise beinhaltet einer der Stempel 19 eine vereinte Mikroprozessor- und Speichereinrichtung, während ein anderer Stempel eine Analogvorrichtung zur Steuerung von Signalflüssen und zur Speisung der Mikroprozessor- und Speichereinrichtung mit Gleichstromenergie enthält.Therefore, the areas 16 are hereinafter referred to as pad areas. The areas 17 are made large (up to 0.375 inches by 0.375 inches) so that two or more of them can serve as capacitive plates for coupling data into the card 10, while others serve to accommodate a single one of several semiconductor stamps 19 which are typically secured to the film 14 by an adhesive. Typically, one of the stamps 19 contains a combined microprocessor and memory device, while another stamp contains an analog device for controlling signal flows and for supplying DC power to the microprocessor and memory device.
Was ABB. 2 betrifft, so weist jeder Stempel 19 mehrere Kontakte 20 (nur einer ist dargestellt) auf seiner Oberseite auf, wobei jeder Kontakt elektrisch mit einem Ende eines Aluminiumleiters 21 drahtbondiert ist, dessen entgegengesetztes Ende mit einer entsprechenden Kontaktstellenfläche 16 drahtbondiert ist. Zur leichteren Herstellung einer Drahtbondierung zwischen jedem Aluminiumleiter 21 und einer entsprechenden Kontaktstellenfläche 16 auf der Polymergrobfolie 14 wird auf jede derartige Kontaktstellenfläche eine etwa 300 Mikron starke Schicht 22 aus Nickel aufgebracht. Typischerweise wird die Schicht 22 aus Nickel durch chemische Beschichtung aufgebracht. Über der Nickelschicht 22 liegt eine etwa 10-20 µm starke Schicht 24 aus Gold, die ebenfalls typischerweise durch chemische Beschichtung aufgebracht wird.Referring to FIG. 2, each stamper 19 has a plurality of contacts 20 (only one shown) on its top surface, each contact being electrically wire bonded to one end of an aluminum conductor 21, the opposite end of which is wire bonded to a corresponding pad surface 16. To facilitate wire bonding between each aluminum conductor 21 and a corresponding pad surface 16 on the polymer sheet 14, an approximately 300 micron thick layer 22 of nickel is deposited on each such pad surface. Typically, the layer 22 of nickel is deposited by chemical plating. Overlying the nickel layer 22 is an approximately 10-20 micron thick layer 24 of gold, also typically deposited by chemical plating.
Die Goldschicht 24 dient als das Medium, mit dem der Aluminiumleiter 21 bondiert wird. Bei direktem Auftragen der Goldschicht 24 auf eine Kontaktstellenfläche 16 fanden die Antragsteller jedoch, daß die Goldschicht einfach zu weich war, um den Aluminiumleiter 21 so weit zu verformen, daß eine zuverlässige Bondierung erfolgte. Durch Auftragen der Nickelschicht 22 auf die Kontaktstelle 16 unter der Goldschicht 24 bewirkt das weit härtere und in weit größerer Stärke als die Goldschicht abgeschiedene Nickel eine "unendliche" Stärke derselben. Auf diese Weise wird die Goldschicht 24 so hart, daß sie den mit ihr bondierten Aluminiumleiter 21 unter Herbeiführung einer zuverlässigen Bondierung verformt.The gold layer 24 serves as the medium to which the aluminum conductor 21 is bonded. However, when the gold layer 24 was applied directly to a contact pad surface 16, the applicants found that the gold layer was simply too soft to bond the aluminum conductor 21 to such an extent that a reliable bonding is achieved. By applying the nickel layer 22 to the contact point 16 under the gold layer 24, the nickel, which is much harder and deposited in a much greater thickness than the gold layer, causes the latter to be "infinitely" thick. In this way, the gold layer 24 becomes so hard that it deforms the aluminum conductor 21 bonded to it, bringing about a reliable bonding.
Neben den Halbleiterstempeln 19 beinhaltet die Personendatenkarte 10 noch eine Spirale 26. Typischerweise ist die Spirale 26 an der Folie 14 mittels Doppelklebeband oder Klebstoff befestigt. Eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen jedem von zwei Leitern 27 der Spirale 26 und jeder von zwei Kontaktstellenflächen 16 kann über Lot oder über einen Leitkitt hergestellt werden. Die Spirale 26 dient als Sekundärseite eines Transformators zur Einkopplung von Wechselstrom in die Karte 10 aus einer nahe derselben angeordneten Primärspule (nicht dargestellt). Die Primärspule befände sich typischerweise in einer Kartenlese-/Kartenschreibvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt). Wenngleich nicht abgebildet, kann die Karte überdies ein oder mehrere diskrete passive Bauelemente enthalten, d.h. einen mit der Folie 14 durch einen Leitkitt bondierten Kondensator.In addition to the semiconductor stamps 19, the personal data card 10 also includes a spiral 26. Typically, the spiral 26 is attached to the foil 14 using double-sided tape or adhesive. An electrical connection between each of two conductors 27 of the spiral 26 and each of two contact pads 16 can be made using solder or a conductive cement. The spiral 26 serves as the secondary side of a transformer for coupling alternating current into the card 10 from a primary coil (not shown) located near it. The primary coil would typically be located in a card reader/writer (not shown). Although not shown, the card can also include one or more discrete passive components, i.e. a capacitor bonded to the foil 14 using a conductive cement.
Versteift wird die Polymergrobfolie 14 durch Kaschieren der oberen Hauptoberfläche der Folie 14 mit einer Versteifungsschicht 28 (von der nur ein Teil dargestellt ist). Die Versteifungsschicht 28 besteht typischerweise aus einem Polyesterharz und ist mit einzelnen Ausnehmungen (nicht dargestellt) versehen, um jeden der Halbleiterstempel 19 sowie die Spirale 26, aber auch eventuell vorhandene diskrete Bauelemente aufzunehmen. In der Praxis wird die Folie 14 vor der Anbringung der Stempel 19, der Spirale 26 und eventuell vorhandener diskreter Bauelemente auf der Folie mit der Versteifungsschicht 28 kaschiert. Ist die Folie 14 mit der Versteifungsschicht 28 kaschiert und sind die Stempel 19, die Spirale 26 und die diskreten Bauelemente angebracht und elektrisch angeschlossen, so wird in jede der Ausnehmungen der Versteifungsschicht 28 eine Menge einer Epoxy- Vergußmasse (nicht dargestellt) eingebracht.The polymeric film 14 is stiffened by covering the upper main surface of the film 14 with a stiffening layer 28 (only a part of which is shown). The stiffening layer 28 is typically made of a polyester resin and is provided with individual recesses (not shown) to accommodate each of the semiconductor stamps 19 and the spiral 26, but also any discrete components that may be present. In practice, the film 14 is laminated with the stiffening layer 28 before the stamps 19, the spiral 26 and any discrete components that may be present are attached to the film. Once the film 14 is laminated with the stiffening layer 28 and the stamps 19, the spiral 26 and the discrete components are attached and electrically connected, a quantity of an epoxy casting compound (not shown) is introduced into each of the recesses of the stiffening layer 28.
Dann wird das Epoxyharz gehärtet und danach die obere Hauptoberfläche der Versteifungsschicht 28 bzw. die untere Oberfläche der Folie 14 mit vorderseitigen bzw. rückseitigen Etiketten 30 und 32 kaschiert, womit die Herstellung der Personendatenkarte 10 abgeschlossen ist. Die Personendatenkarte 10 so herzustellen hat den Vorteil, daß durch Kaschieren der Folie 14 mit der Schicht 28 und den Etiketten 30 und 32 die Flächen 16 und 17 und die Bahnen 18 zusammengedrückt werden, wodurch sich deren Impedanz höchst erwünschterweise weiter verringert.The epoxy resin is then cured and the upper main surface of the stiffening layer 28 and the lower surface of the film 14 are then laminated with front and back labels 30 and 32, respectively, thus completing the production of the personal data card 10. Producing the personal data card 10 in this way has the advantage that by laminating the film 14 with the layer 28 and the labels 30 and 32, the surfaces 16 and 17 and the webs 18 are pressed together, whereby their impedance is most desirably further reduced.
Vorstehend wird eine Personendatenkarte 10 beschrieben, hergestellt aus einer Polymer-Dickschichtschaltung 12 mit einer Folie 14, die mit Kupfer gefülltem Polymerlack strukturiert ist, der selektiv mit Nickel und dann Gold elektrochemisch beschichtet wird, um vorteilhaft eine Drahtbondierung von Halbleiterstempeln 19 mit demselben zu erleichtern.Described above is a personal data card 10 made from a polymer thick film circuit 12 having a foil 14 patterned with copper filled polymer resist which is selectively electrochemically coated with nickel and then gold to advantageously facilitate wire bonding of semiconductor stamps 19 thereto.
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen nur der Erläuterung der Erfindungsprinzipien dienen. Dem Fachmann sind vielfältige Abwandlungen und Änderungen möglich, die die Prinzipien der Erfindung verkörpern und in den Schutzbereich derselben fallen.It should be noted that the embodiments described above serve only to explain the principles of the invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to make numerous modifications and changes that embody the principles of the invention and fall within the scope of protection thereof.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US07/720,130 US5272596A (en) | 1991-06-24 | 1991-06-24 | Personal data card fabricated from a polymer thick-film circuit |
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DE69219017T2 true DE69219017T2 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
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EP (1) | EP0520682B1 (en) |
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1991
- 1991-06-24 US US07/720,130 patent/US5272596A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1992
- 1992-06-12 KR KR1019920010202A patent/KR960006928B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-15 JP JP4178931A patent/JP2633441B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-18 EP EP92305580A patent/EP0520682B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-18 DE DE69219017T patent/DE69219017T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-19 TW TW081104810A patent/TW214003B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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DE69219017D1 (en) | 1997-05-22 |
KR960006928B1 (en) | 1996-05-25 |
JP2633441B2 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
EP0520682B1 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
JPH0740692A (en) | 1995-02-10 |
US5272596A (en) | 1993-12-21 |
EP0520682A1 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
TW214003B (en) | 1993-10-01 |
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