DE4418928A1 - Elements in material exchange plates of chemical columns - Google Patents

Abstract

Material exchange plates in material exchange columns having counterflow characteristics where the liquid is not drained off but passes through common openings (16) into which are fitted exchange elements consisting of a vertical cylinder (5) with slots (3) and guide vanes (4) closed at the top by cover (7). Pref. the exchange element may be two-tiered, both tiers being identically constructed. Additional, movable, plates (8) having a variety of openings may be fitted in one or both layers. The upper cover (7) may also have one or more openings.

Description

The invention relates to a mass transfer tray without Liquid downcomers in mass transfer columns, such as he in distillation, rectification, absorption and Desorption columns in the chemical, petrochemical Industry and refineries.

A particularly simple design of such a material exchange floor is a sieve or perforated floor without drain shaft, where the gas and the liquid through the flow through the same holes. Due to the pressure loss that Suffer from gas and liquid when flowing through the holes, the liquid is dammed up on the floor. Forms there a two-phase dispersion in which the substance exchange between gas and liquid takes place.

Although these floors are extremely simple to construct, their use in exchange columns is very limited because some major disadvantages of their universal use prevent. There is such a major disadvantage in that the separation effect only in the high load area given is. On the other hand, there is a sharp decrease in the Soil efficiency with decreasing load. Disadvantageous it is still that due to short contact times between the two phases as well as due to the possibility of rain through without phase contact a moderate soil degree of efficiency. A limited soil efficiency also results from the fact that depending on the load ratio a more or less strong mixture of the two Phases is reached. In this known soil results fluctuating soil hydraulics, especially in Columns with larger diameters. Finally there is  both on the gas and liquid side addiction.

The invention has for its object a substance Exchangeable floor without liquid drain shafts shape that a wide load range with good Separating effect is achieved.

This is the case for a mass transfer floor without rivers liquid manholes in mass transfer columns, in the Gas from bottom to top and liquid from top to top flows through communal bottom openings below that the bottom openings through liquid and gas permeable Exchange elements are covered and that the exchange elements a vertical one attached to the bottom opening Cylinder with slot openings and side guide vanes and have an upper cover plate.

An advantageous embodiment is that Exchange element is formed in two stages, d. H. that on a first cylinder section with slot openings and Guide vane in another cylinder section with a slot openings and guide vanes.

It is advantageous that in the cylinder or in one or guided cover arranged in both cylinder sections are.

Furthermore, one proceeds in such a way that the movable cover is a or has several passage openings.

It is proposed that the top cover plate be a or has several passage openings.  

Above all, the invention has the advantage of one wide load range with good separation effect, whereby a special separation effectiveness in the entire gas floor range under high liquid loads is. In particular, high specific Pha achieve throughput.

The invention is set forth in the description below hand of execution shown in the drawings play explained in more detail.

Show it,

Fig. 1 is a partial view of a Austauschkolon ne in section showing a known transfer tray and including a Austauschbo invention dens,

Fig. 2 is a view of a replacement, partially in section at the transfer tray in single-step execution,

Fig. 3 a corresponding exchange element with a movable lid,

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to an off-exchanging element in a two-stage from lead,

Fig. 5 to 7 corresponding configurations of the exchanger element off in a two-stage guide with from differently arranged movable lids and

Fig. 8 to 11 different versions of the movable lid in plan view.

As FIG. 1 illustrates, in a generally cylindrical column jacket 17 trays 2, incorporated 2 'without its own flow channels. Here, the bottom 2 '(upper embodiment) such a floor according to the prior art, in the bottom openings 16 are provided through which the rising gas and the flowing liquid can flow freely.

The lower embodiment of the replacement base 2 in FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the invention. The rising de gas flow is deflected in individual, on the floor 2 angeord Neten exchange elements 1 and introduced horizontally through slots 3 and vanes 4 in the accumulating liquid. The pent-up liquid also flows through the slots 3 seen in the guide vanes 4 in the exchange elements 1 and rains down to the next floor. Here there is intensive contact with the gas flow introduced. The abreg nenden liquid meets on the underlying floor on a corresponding design of such a replacement floor 2 with exchange elements 1 , and it is prevented that the liquid rains directly on the underlying floor without sufficient contact with the rising gas stream.

A first embodiment of such an exchange element 1 is shown in FIG. 2. In the bottom opening 16 , a vertical cylinder 5 is inserted, which protrudes somewhat downwards and supply cam 6 is fastened with the help of bent fastening. Above the replacement base, laterally projecting guide vanes 4 are arranged in the cylinder 5 , which form slot openings 3 . The cylinder 5 is covered at the top by means of an upper cover plate 7 .

This one-stage embodiment of the exchange element 1 can, according to a modification according to FIG. 3, be provided with a movable cover 8 arranged in the interior of the cylinder 5 , this cover 8 having lateral guide tabs 9 which protrude into the slot openings 3 .

Various configurations of this movable cover 8 are shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. For this purpose, there are differently shaped and in different arrangement through openings 10 to 15 in the cover 8 in order to dimension the floor for the given design criteria.

Fig. 4 shows a two-stage exchange element 1 , in which a further cylinder section 5 '' is placed on a first cylinder section 5 '.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the first cylinder section 5 'is assigned a movable cover 8 , while such a cover 8 is provided in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 within the further cylinder section 5 ''. In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the movable cover 8 is located in both sections 5 'and 5 ''.

Claims (5)

1. mass transfer tray ( 2 ) without liquid drain shafts in mass transfer columns, in which gas flows from bottom to top and liquid from top to bottom through common bottom openings ( 16 ) that the bottom openings ( 16 ) through liquid and gas permeable exchange elements ( 1 ) are covered and that the exchange elements ( 1 ) have a vertical cylinder ( 5 ) attached to the bottom opening ( 16 ) with slot openings ( 3 ) and side guide vanes ( 4 ) and an upper cover plate ( 7 ). 2. mass transfer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the exchange element ( 1 ) is formed in two stages, that is, on a first cylinder section ( 5 ') with slot openings ( 3 ) and guide vanes ( 4 ), another cylinder section ( 5 '' ) with slot openings ( 3 ) and guide vanes ( 4 ) is set. 3. mass transfer tray according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the cylinder ( 5 ) or in one or in both cylinder sections ( 5 ', 5 '') guided cover ( 8 ) are arranged. 4. mass transfer tray according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable cover ( 8 ) has one or more passage openings ( 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ). 5. mass transfer tray according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper cover plate ( 7 ) has one or more passage openings.