DE4106745A1 - Plasma nitriding of aluminium@ (alloy) components - at temps. below component m.pt., producing very hard, wear- and corrosion-resistant aluminium nitride coatings - Google Patents
Plasma nitriding of aluminium@ (alloy) components - at temps. below component m.pt., producing very hard, wear- and corrosion-resistant aluminium nitride coatingsInfo
- Publication number
- DE4106745A1 DE4106745A1 DE19914106745 DE4106745A DE4106745A1 DE 4106745 A1 DE4106745 A1 DE 4106745A1 DE 19914106745 DE19914106745 DE 19914106745 DE 4106745 A DE4106745 A DE 4106745A DE 4106745 A1 DE4106745 A1 DE 4106745A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- nitriding
- corrosion
- wear
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Oberflächenschutzschichten auf Aluminiumbauteilen, insbesondere von solchen Bauteilen, die in der Fluidtechnik zur An wendung gelangen. Die Bauteile in der Fluidtechnik unter liegen einem intensiven Verschleiß- und Korrosionsregime, deshalb benötigen sie eine harte, verschleißfeste und kor rosionsstabile Oberfläche. Bisher wurden diese Aluminium bauteile mit ANOX- oder ANOF-Verfahren oberflächenveredelt. Mit den genannten Verfahren verschiebt sich die Korrosions stromdichte und das Ruhepotential zu positiven Werten, d. h. zu edlerem Verhalten hin. Verglichen mit adäquaten Schutz schichten auf Eisenwerkstoffen besitzen die verstärkten Oxidschichten auf Aluminiumwerkstoffen im Tribosystem unter vergleichbaren Beanspruchungsbedingungen eine geringere Le bensdauer. Bei Eisenwerkstoffen kann durch Einbringen von Stickstoff in die Oberflächenschichten (Nitrieren, Plasma nitrieren) eine harte, verschleißfeste und korrosionsstabile Schicht aufgebaut werden. Auch bei Aluminiumwerkstoffen ist durch Einbringen von Stickstoff in die Oberfläche und in oberflächennahe Schichten eine harte und verschleißfeste Schicht aufbaubar. Jedoch ist eine problemlose Übertragung der für Eisenwerkstoffe bewährten Nitrier- und Plasmani trierverfahren auf Aluminiumwerkstoffe nicht möglich.The invention relates to a method for producing Surface protective layers on aluminum components, in particular of such components that are used in fluid technology turn. The components in fluid technology under are subject to an intensive wear and corrosion regime, therefore you need a hard, wear-resistant and cor corrosion-resistant surface. So far, these were aluminum Components with ANOX or ANOF processes are surface-finished. With the methods mentioned, the corrosion shifts current density and the resting potential to positive values, d. H. towards more noble behavior. Compared to adequate protection layers on ferrous materials have the reinforced Oxide layers on aluminum materials in the tribological system below comparable stress conditions a lower Le lifetime. In the case of ferrous materials, the introduction of Nitrogen in the surface layers (nitriding, plasma nitriding) a hard, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant Layer. Even with aluminum materials is by introducing nitrogen into the surface and a hard and wear-resistant layer close to the surface Buildable layer. However, transmission is problem-free the nitriding and plasmani proven for iron materials Not possible to process on aluminum materials.
Bekannt ist das Nitrieren von Aluminiumpulver (nach EP 0158-271) zum Gewinnen von Aluminiumnitridpulver (AlN). Dieses Verfahren und die anderen bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung von AlN-Pulver können nicht für die Nitrierung von Bauteilen angewendet werden, da sie den metallischen Grund stoff in Pulverform voraussetzen oder bei Temperaturen ablaufen, die oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur von Aluminium liegen.The nitriding of aluminum powder is known (according to EP 0158-271) for the extraction of aluminum nitride powder (AlN). This Methods and the other known methods of manufacture of AlN powder cannot be used for nitriding Components are applied as they cover the metallic background Require powder material or at temperatures expire above the melting temperature of aluminum lie.
Die Erfindung verfolgt daher das Ziel fertigge formte Bauteile aus Aluminiumwerkstoffen mit einer stabilen, fest dem Grundwerkstoff verbundenen, korrosions- und verschleißfesten Schutzschicht aus Aluminiumnitrid zu ver sehen. Das Verfahren soll auf der Plasmatechnologie basieren und mit herkömmlichen Plasmanitrieranlagen ohne Umbau und ohne zusätzliche Einrichtung ausführbar sein.The invention therefore pursues the goal finish molded components made of aluminum materials with a stable, firmly attached to the base material, corrosion and wear-resistant protective layer made of aluminum nitride see. The process is to be based on plasma technology and with conventional plasma nitriding systems without modification and be executable without additional equipment.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, indem in einer ersten Phase die Bauteiloberfläche, wie auch bei Eisen werkstoffen üblich, endgültig in einer Argon-, Stick stoff- oder Ammoniakatmosphäre gereinigt und anschließend durch Sputtern die natürliche Oxidschicht vollständig ent fernt wird. In der darauffolgenden 2. Phase erfolgt die eigentliche Nitrierung, indem Stickstoff, der durch Plasma bereitgestellt wird, in die Bauteiloberfläche eindringt bzw. durch chemische Reaktionen eine Aluminiumnitridschicht bildet, wobei die Plasmatemperatur im Bereich von 350°C bis 50 K unter der Schmelztemperatur des Werkstoffs bzw. seiner niedrigschmelzenden Korngrenzenverunreinigungen liegt (vgl. Zustandsschaubild). Als Nitriermedien kommen in Frage:According to the invention the object is achieved in that a first phase, the component surface, as with iron usual materials, finally in an argon, stick Cloth or ammonia atmosphere cleaned and then by sputtering completely remove the natural oxide layer is removed. In the subsequent 2nd phase the actual nitriding by adding nitrogen by plasma is provided, penetrates into the component surface or an aluminum nitride layer through chemical reactions forms, the plasma temperature in the range of 350 ° C. up to 50 K below the melting temperature of the material or its low melting grain boundary impurities lies (see state diagram). Come as nitrating media in question:
- 1. Ammoniak1. ammonia
- 2. Ammoniak-Stickstoff-Gemische2. Ammonia-nitrogen mixtures
- 3. Ammoniak-Wasserstoff-Gemische3. Ammonia-hydrogen mixtures
- 4. Stickstoff-Wasserstoff-Gemische4. Nitrogen-hydrogen mixtures
Die so erzeugte Aluminiumnitridschicht ist sehr hart, kor rosions- und verschleißfest, chemisch resistent gegen Nicht eisen-Metallschmelzen und thermoschockbeständig. Ihre Halt barkeit übertrifft die von eloxierten Schichten um ein mehr faches. Der spezifische elektrische Widerstand beträgt 20 · 10¹¹ Ohm · cm bei 25°C, was sich positiv auf die Kor rosionsfestigkeit auswirkt. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit beträgt 180 W · m-1 · K-1, was der Gefahr des Abplatzens der Schicht durch Thermospannungen entgegenwirkt. Nach der Behandlung besitzen die Bauteile durch die Aluminiumnitridschicht ein dunkelgraues Aussehen. Die Dicke der Nitrierschicht sollte günstigerweise etwa 20 . . . 25 µm betragen, die sich etwa nach einer 4stündigen Behandlung eingestellt hat.The aluminum nitride layer produced in this way is very hard, corrosion and wear-resistant, chemically resistant to non-ferrous metal melts and resistant to thermal shock. Their durability exceeds that of anodized layers by a multiple. The specific electrical resistance is 20 · 10¹¹ Ohm · cm at 25 ° C, which has a positive effect on the corrosion resistance. The thermal conductivity is 180 W · m -1 · K -1 , which counteracts the risk of the layer flaking off due to thermal stresses. After the treatment, the components have a dark gray appearance due to the aluminum nitride layer. The thickness of the nitriding layer should conveniently be about 20. . . Amount to 25 µm, which has set in after a 4-hour treatment.
Die im folgenden aufgeführten Werte der Prozeßstufen ergeben bereits eine Schichtdicke von ca. 20 µm.The values of the process stages listed below result already a layer thickness of approx. 20 µm.
Claims (1)
- - die Plasmatemperatur im Bereich von 350°C bis 50 K unter der Schmelztemperatur des Werkstoffs bzw. seiner nie drigschmelzenden Korngrenzenverunreinigungen liegt und daß
- - die Plasmanitrierung in herkömmlichen Plasmanitrieranlagen ausgeführt werden kann.
- - The plasma temperature is in the range of 350 ° C to 50 K below the melting temperature of the material or its never-melting grain boundary impurities and that
- - The plasma nitriding can be carried out in conventional plasma nitriding systems.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914106745 DE4106745A1 (en) | 1991-03-02 | 1991-03-02 | Plasma nitriding of aluminium@ (alloy) components - at temps. below component m.pt., producing very hard, wear- and corrosion-resistant aluminium nitride coatings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914106745 DE4106745A1 (en) | 1991-03-02 | 1991-03-02 | Plasma nitriding of aluminium@ (alloy) components - at temps. below component m.pt., producing very hard, wear- and corrosion-resistant aluminium nitride coatings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4106745A1 true DE4106745A1 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
Family
ID=6426367
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914106745 Withdrawn DE4106745A1 (en) | 1991-03-02 | 1991-03-02 | Plasma nitriding of aluminium@ (alloy) components - at temps. below component m.pt., producing very hard, wear- and corrosion-resistant aluminium nitride coatings |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4106745A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0666334A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-08-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Case nitrided aluminum product, process for case nitriding the same, and nitriding agent for the same |
DE19519535A1 (en) * | 1995-05-27 | 1996-11-28 | Audi Ag | Process for machining the surfaces of workpieces |
GB2324539A (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 1998-10-28 | Daimler Benz Ag | Aluminium nitride coating of cylinder running surface |
US5888269A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1999-03-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Nitriding agent |
EP1591551A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2005-11-02 | Research Institute for Applied Sciences | ALUMINUM MATERIAL HAVING AlN REGION ON THE SURFACE THEREOF AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
CN110670013A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-10 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy hub and aluminum alloy hub |
-
1991
- 1991-03-02 DE DE19914106745 patent/DE4106745A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5888269A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1999-03-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Nitriding agent |
US5514225A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1996-05-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Case nitrided aluminum product, process for case nitriding the same, and nitriding agent for the same |
US5582655A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1996-12-10 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Case nitrided aluminum product, process for case nitriding the same, and nitriding agent for the same |
EP0666334A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-08-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Case nitrided aluminum product, process for case nitriding the same, and nitriding agent for the same |
DE19519535A1 (en) * | 1995-05-27 | 1996-11-28 | Audi Ag | Process for machining the surfaces of workpieces |
GB2324539A (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 1998-10-28 | Daimler Benz Ag | Aluminium nitride coating of cylinder running surface |
FR2762618A1 (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 1998-10-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | PROCESS FOR COATING ALUMINUM NITRIDE OF THE CYLINDER PUT OF AN ALUMINUM ALLOY CASING |
GB2324539B (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 2000-01-26 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method for aluminium nitride coating |
US6180189B1 (en) | 1997-04-26 | 2001-01-30 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method and apparatus for aluminum nitride coating of a contact surface, especially a cylinder contact surface of a crankcase made of an aluminum basic alloy |
DE19717825B4 (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 2004-03-04 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Process for aluminum nitride coating of the cylinder surface of a crankcase made of an Al-based alloy and corresponding crankcase |
EP1591551A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2005-11-02 | Research Institute for Applied Sciences | ALUMINUM MATERIAL HAVING AlN REGION ON THE SURFACE THEREOF AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
EP1591551A4 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2008-04-16 | Res Inst For Applied Sciences | ALUMINUM MATERIAL HAVING AlN REGION ON THE SURFACE THEREOF AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
CN110670013A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-10 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy hub and aluminum alloy hub |
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8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee | ||
8170 | Reinstatement of the former position | ||
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Owner name: KATZER, FRANZ, PROF. DR., 99099 ERFURT, DE |
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8170 | Reinstatement of the former position | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |