DE4022330C1 - Twin hollow charge shell use against actively armoured targets - has target sensor and time of flight sensor for objects incoming form target - Google Patents

Abstract

A projectile or shell for use against actively armoured targets. The shell has a twin hollow charge loading. The forward hollow charge (2) is fired a small time before the aft, main hollow charge (5). The shell is equipped with a time of flight sensor (10, 11) which senses a component (16) coming from the active armour (13) in the direction of the shell and fires the main charge (5). This permits formation of the main charge spike before it can be disrupted. The shell is equipped with a target sensor (8) which must be activated before the time of flight sensor (10, 11) can be activate the main charge (5). USE/ADVANTAGE - The shell has the advantage that it can be used against actively armoured targets which regate the effects of earlier twin hollow charge shells.

Description

The invention relates to a missile for Combat targets with active armor, where the missile has a pre-hollow charge and one at an axial distance arranged behind, delayed compared to the precharge charge bare main charge.

Armored vehicles come with active armor equipped. Underneath is a sandwich arrangement one between two plates of inert material arranged to understand the explosive layer arranged at an angle to the main threat direction on the tank and is primarily used to protect shaped charges. If the shaped charge spike the explosive layer detonated, it generally flies steel outer plate of the Sandwich arrangement obliquely towards the shaped charge spike, so that he can only penetrate the plate with one cut can, whereby his energy is so far consumed that he is no longer able to get the main armor penetrate.

These classic active armor can be Tandem shaped charges, i. H. through a pre and  a warhead having a main charge be fought. Accordingly, are becoming increasingly modern active armor, which also used the Main hollow charge of such a tandem charge so far make it harmless that it is no longer able to develop an effective sting. This includes for example armor with small shaped charges, or target-side splitter generators, d. H. a Splinter assignment instead of the outer plate of the Classic active armor described above. If the pre-charge of the tandem charge the small ones Hollow charges on the armor or the splinter generator detonated, the educated fly Active parts, i.e. the shaped charge spikes or the splinters from the armor at high speed towards the main charge of the attacking missile, wherein they hit this z. B. by deflagration of their explosive charge so far harmless make sure that they no longer develop an effective sting can.

From DE 38 21 218 A1 a missile is known which after detection of a Target with its sensor from a low, horizontal trajectory into a steep ascent path is reversed, whereupon a projectile on the rear is ejected at a relatively steep angle from above to the target hits. The projectile can be a tandem shaped charge.

According to DE 38 21 309 A1, a tandem shaped charge has a laser range finder through which the precharge is initiated at a preset distance becomes. So that the inclination of the target surface is recorded at the same time, the Multi-beam laser rangefinder.

The object of the invention is a missile to provide with such armor can be combated, the shaped charge sting, splinters or form other active parts with high Speed on the shaped charge of the missile fly in and render them ineffective.

This is according to the invention with that in claim 1 marked missile reached. In the Advantageous embodiments of the Invention specified.  

The missile according to the invention is therefore with a Provide runtime sensor that is aimed at the target is. Such transit time sensors are state of the art. They generally consist of one transmitter, the electromagnetic radiation, preferably bundled Light, emits, and a receiver and capture one Object in that this emits the radiation from the transmitter reflected and the reflected radiation from the receiver Will be received. To bundle the radiation is the Use of short waves is necessary. A typical Runtime sensor that can be used according to the invention is a so-called. Time-of-flight sensor whose transmitter emits the radiation a short pulse duration of z. B. 10 usec with one Frequency of 10 kHz, for example.

The runtime sensor can be designed so that he the speed of the armor on him determined active part determined, that is, with a relative slow flying, not endangering the missile Active part, like the plate of an active armor, not responds, so that is guaranteed in such a case is that the shaped charge at an optimal distance, and thus with optimal performance before the target for detonation brought. If an active part, e.g. B. Splinters or a shaped charge spike from the active armor at a high speed of e.g. B. more than 900 m / sec flies towards the missile, but is in everyone Case initiated according to the invention the main hollow charge, so that the Can form shaped charge spikes.

The shaped charge spike, the splinters or the others  Active parts of the active armor fly to the Detection by the transit time sensor in the direction of Missile further. On the other hand, he needs Shaped charge sting a certain amount of time until it turns after detonation of the explosive charge of the shaped charge whose occupancy has formed. Accordingly, the Runtime sensor on the active part at a distance respond to the one with approx. 8000 m / sec approx. 1300 approaching shaped charge spikes mm. This distance at which the initiation of the explosive charge Main charge is triggered, is called the trigger distance.

In particular from security aspects, such as to protect the Protect, the runtime sensor is only activated, thus enabled to carry the shaped charge of the Initiate missile just before the missile hits the target hits. Accordingly, the invention Missile a distance or target detection sensor on, e.g. B. a seeker head that the runtime sensor activated. The distance of the search head from the target at Activation of the runtime sensor must still be sufficiently large for the above-explained required trigger distance can be maintained. There modern missiles generally with a seeker head are equipped, this can be used as a target acquisition or Distance sensor to activate the runtime sensor of the warhead according to the invention are used.

A mask-safe is preferably used as the search head Seeker head used. To missiles with shaped charges combat, so-called masks are often used. Underneath do you understand slat stores or others before  Armor arranged light structures by the Target detection sensor of the missile can be detected and to a detonation of both shaped charges of the tandem shaped charge in such a distance in front of the armor that the Breakdown performance of the shaped charge or main shaped charge is too small to penetrate the armor.

Since the missile normally the If the target attacks from above, it is sufficient if the beam emitted by the transit time sensor transmitter in Flight direction of the missile obliquely downwards and forwards is directed. If the entire environment around the Missiles should be detected around, should Runtime sensor with multiple transmitters and receivers be used.

In the preferred embodiment with a transit time sensor with only one beam directed obliquely downwards in itself it is necessary that the missile has no swirl owns. However, this requirement can be avoided be that the transit time sensor about the longitudinal axis of the Missile is rotatably mounted on the missile, so that he always points down.

Below is an embodiment of the Missile according to the invention with reference to the drawing explained. Each shows schematically:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the front part of the missile prior to impinging on an armor;

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 and a view of the beam of the transit time sensor.

Referring to FIG. 1 1, the missile a tandem hollow charge, ie, a smaller Vorhohlladung 2 with a funnel-shaped occupancy 3 and an explosive charge 4, and a main hollow charge 5 with a funnel-shaped occupancy 6 and explosive charge. 7

The pre-charge 2 is arranged at the front end of the missile 1 behind the search head 8 and the main charge 5 at a distance behind the pre-charge 2 . A module 9 with the evaluation electronics is arranged in the missile 1 behind the main hollow charge 5 .

The module 9 is provided with a transit time sensor which essentially consists of a transmitter 10 and a receiver 11 for short-wave electromagnetic radiation ( FIG. 2). The transmitter 10 sends a conical beam of rays 12 obliquely downwards in the direction of the target 13 .

The target 13 has a main armor 14 which is equipped with small shaped charges arranged at a distance corresponding to the diameter of a missile, for example a distance of 100 mm from one another, of which only one shaped charge 15 is shown in the drawing. If such an active armor is fought with the missile 1 , the search head 8 triggers the detonation of the pre-charge 2 at a corresponding distance from the target 13 and then detonates the main charge 5 with a time delay. The spike of the pre-shaped charge 2 then leads to the detonation of the shaped charge 15 of the active armor when it hits the active armor, whereby a shaped spike flying at high speed in the direction of arrow 16 onto the main shaped charge 5 of the missile 1 is formed from the shaped charge 15 .

As soon as the spike 16 has reached the base 17 of the conical beam 12 , it is detected by the receiver 11 of the transit time sensor by means of appropriate radiation reflection. The runtime sensor thus responds, whereby the explosive charge 7 of the main hollow charge 5 is initiated. The distance a between the base 17 of the conical beam 12 and the main hollow charge 5 is referred to as the separation distance. It must be sufficiently large so that an effective spike can be formed after the detonation of the explosive charge 7 from the occupancy 6 of the main hollow charge 5 before the spike 16 reaches the main hollow charge 5 from the active armor.

The transit time sensor 10 , 11 , which is installed in the vicinity of the shaped charge 5 to be protected, is coupled to the seeker head 8 of the missile 1 . As a result, the transit time sensor 10 , 11 is only activated, ie the main hollow charge 5 can only be initiated when the search head 8 has informed the evaluation electronics 9 of a specific distance from the missile 1 in front of the target 13 . When the seeker 8 detects the target, preferably at a distance of more than 2 m, the transit time sensor 10 , 11 is activated or activated. The transit time sensor 10 , 11 detects an attacking active part, for example a shaped charge spike, a splinter etc., from a sufficiently large distance, the relative speed of which is greater than, for example, 800 m / sec and triggers the detonation of the main hollow charge 5 to be protected before the attacking active part has a destructive effect on the main hollow charge 5 . This measure achieves a high effectiveness of the missile 1 , and at the same time a high level of functional reliability, ie it is effective in the target practically under all conditions.

Claims (7)

1. Missile for combating targets with active armor with a pre-charge and an axially spaced rear, delayed ignitable main charge with respect to the pre-charge, characterized in that the missile ( 1 ) has a time-of-flight sensor ( 10 ) directed at the target ( 13 ) at points 11) which detects a flying of the active armor (13) in the direction of the missile (1) active part (16) and from the time of flight sensor (10, Gathered operatively 11) in part (16), the main hollow charge (5) of the missile ( 1 ) initiated. 2. Missile according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a sensor for target detection and the transit time sensor ( 10 , 11 ) is activated only after target detection by the target detection sensor ( 8 ) for initiating the shaped charge ( 5 ) of the missile ( 1 ). 3. Missile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the beam ( 12 ) of the transit time sensor ( 10 , 11 ) is directed obliquely downwards onto the target ( 13 ). 4. Missile according to claim 3, characterized in that the missile ( 1 ) is a missile with swirl and the transit time sensor ( 10 , 11 ) about the longitudinal axis of the missile ( 1 ) is rotatably mounted on the same. 5. Missile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transit time sensor of the shaped charge ( 5 ) of the missile ( 1 ) is arranged adjacent. 6. Missile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transit time sensor ( 10 , 11 ) detects the speed of the active part ( 16 ) flying towards the missile ( 1 ) and the shaped charge ( 5 ) of the missile ( 1 ) only above a predetermined one Speed of the active part ( 16 ) initiated. 7. Missile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transit time sensor ( 10 , 11 ) is a transit time sensor.