DE3936572A1 - Eye-securing instrument for examination - has transparent support sealed in bottom component and annular enclosing bead above - Google Patents

Abstract

The instrument securing the eye for examination or training purposes is in the form of an artificial eyeball, the human or animal eye being placed against a circular transparent glass or plastics support and then illuminated. The support is sealed in a bottom component (7), while an annular bead (10) above it encloses the eye at the side. Below the bead is a pressure-regulating and vent passage (5) leading to the eye. A top component (14) fits on the bottom one, (7), and has at the outside of the bead an annular clamping portion (15) for the part of the eye (19) overlapping the bead in the sideways direction. An annular passage (9) is formed between the top and bottom components, with a vent groove in the bottom one leading to the outside. USE/ADVANTAGE - Simple immobilisation system for human or animal eye preparation with no damage to the eye, and providing max. number of reproducible conditions.

Description

The invention relates to a device for holding eyes for Examination and exercise purposes like an artificial eye chamber according to the preamble of claim 1.

When examining eyes for the purpose of observing Eye surgery or its results give rise to the problem that the Eye fixed in this way, in particular in the open or cut state is that a firm connection arises, based on that on the eye to observe the results of a previous eye operation or to carry out further interventions on the eye, e.g. the insertion of artificial eye lenses etc.

The specimen can then be fixed in the fixed state by means of a light source be screened to reproduce the otherwise in the eye prevailing conditions the function of the eye or eye surgery with the use of special instruments.

See the previously known devices for holding an eye only before that the eye in the open or cut state is placed on a glass plate. However, this fixation is relative complex and disadvantageous can be attached by gluing fine structures of the Be affected.

An eye fixed on a glass plate is still not mechanical resilient and the intraocular pressure cannot be changed, so that a Volume increase by adding liquid, for example around the Increase intraocular pressure to detach the eye from the glass plate  leads.

The object of the invention is therefore, starting from a bracket known type an eye for examination purposes in a structurally simple Art to fix and in such a way that no damage to the eye occur and as many reproducible as possible, the actual Conditions of the eye can be compared to comparable conditions.

To solve the problem, an eye chamber is provided, with a carrier is arranged sealed in a lower part and a circular Bead above the wearer embraces the inside of the eye and below the bulge from the outside to the eye at least one Pressure control and ventilation channel is provided and still one of Above on the lower part attachable upper part is provided, which Upper part in the area of the outside of the bead an annular Clamping part for the area of the eye that overlaps on the side of the bead and also has an annular channel between the lower and upper part is formed with a leading on the lower part to the outside Vent groove.

By bringing the top part onto the bottom part, the eye becomes fixed and can be used for examination and exercise purposes, it is provided that the eye prepared in this way is always in the To leave the eye holder.

In an advantageous embodiment, suction channels in the upper part provide the removal of rinsing liquids, the upper part starting from the clamping part is formed inclined outwards and thereby a Drain surface for rinsing liquid is formed, to which a Suction channel is connected.  

The preparation is simply placed on the interior of the lower part placed a carrier, with a circular bead the edge of the Eye covered from the inside.

The second part of the device for holding consists of a Upper part, wherein an opening is formed in the middle, which over the preparation placed on the carrier is placed so that the eye through the opening is pushed and with the edge against the bead is pressed and further by the annular clamping part of the Upper part is securely fixed to the circumference of the bead.

The condition of the inside of the opening in the upper part is also part of the process Teeth and angular arrangement designed so that the eye wall only in last moment of joining the upper and lower part against the Bead is pressed without distorting the eye.

In this way, the preparation lies only on the carrier according to Art a translucent round opening for investigations to be able to perform and others, the eye is only circular kept on the edge, without the risk that the behavior of the eye is affected.

Through the pressure control and ventilation channel in the lower part, which with the communicates open cavity of the eye, it is possible All kinds of liquids in and out of the eye, as well by controlling the inflow and outflow of the intraocular pressure at will to increase or decrease.

The upper and lower parts are joined in the area of one Ring channel, which has a vent groove leading to the outside, so that an excess liquid or air may be advantageous here  be discharged outside.

The connection of the two parts of the eye holder, in particular the Connection of lower part and upper part, is advantageously designed so that detaching the parts from each other will destroy the bracket leads to possibly a once fixed preparation in the desired way to be left in the holder.

In an advantageous embodiment, the bead is inclined towards the inside of the eye trained and includes with blunted ends the outside of the Eye, with the bead on the outside continuing to slope inside of 3 °, while the clamping part of the upper part in contrast has a lower outward slope. So only one limited part of the eye pressed against the bulge, namely the peripheral Proportion of the dermis pressed against the outer base of the bead. Thereby prevents the eye parts from shearing off.

The bead advantageously has an inclination on the outside inside from 4 °, while the clamping part of the upper part only has an inclination of 2 °.

This is advantageous between the clamping part and the bead Distance of about 1 mm is formed, so that only part of the eye wall is pressed together to crush and twist the eye wall to avoid during clamping.

Due to these essential features, eye surgery itself or the result of eye surgery is observed particularly advantageously be, with this type of bracket there is no risk that the properties of the eye as a whole are impaired.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the clamping part on the  Bead inclined surface has a corrugation that is stepped Corresponds to the outside of a cone.

The corrugation on the clamping part can also be omitted, so that the clamping part is generally conical inclined inward, and such in Connection with the inwardly inclined bead of the lower part via a Distance of about 1 mm the eye wall is clamped.

The construction of the bracket according to the invention allows eyes where Whatever they were opened to fix, so that the insight into that Eye from any side is made possible. So all kinds of eye surgery can be observed and displayed, which has not been so far was possible.

In a further advantageous embodiment, latching means are on the lower part, in particular formed pins or pawls into which the upper part engages with corresponding recesses after fitting and possibly locked.

In connection with the supply of rinsing liquid to the preparation, which can be removed via a suction channel in the upper part, largely natural conditions for the eye can be achieved.

The clear support in the lower part of the holder on which the Preparation rests is advantageous at a certain distance from the floor arranged so that when the lower part is supported, the transparent Carrier does not touch the surface and so far no scratching of the Carrier is possible.

A preferred further embodiment of the present invention provides before that the previously annular upper part, which as  one-piece part was formed, now after the second Design consists of several circular segment-shaped parts that put together again the disc-shaped upper part.

This results in significant handling advantages because it is now much easier, such a segmented top successively attach the individual segments of the circle to the To attach the lower part that hereby a holder of the eye is guaranteed without the eye while attaching the Top could be damaged.

In the following, the invention is based on only one Execution path illustrating drawings explained in more detail. Go here from the drawings and their description further essential to the invention Features and advantages of the invention.

The subject matter of the present invention does not arise only from the subject of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims.

All information and features disclosed in the documents - including the summary - , in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination. Show it:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the lower part of the bracket according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows the bracket of Figure 1 in cross section.

Fig. 3 shows the bracket of Figure 1 in a side view.

Fig. 4 is a view of the upper part of the holder according to the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a sectional illustration of the upper part according to FIG. 4;

Fig. 6, the upper and lower part in the assembled state in connection with an eye preparation.

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of an upper part of a holder in section according to line VII-VII in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 top plan view of the upper part of FIG. 7.

Fig. 9 section through a lower part of a further embodiment according to line IX-IX in Fig. 10.

Fig. 10 top view of the lower part of FIG. 9.

Fig. 11 is view of a further embodiment of a mounting according to the present invention, in which FIG 11 shows a section through the lower part.

Fig. 12 top view of the lower part of FIG. 11;

Fig. 13 section along the line XIII-XIII in Fig. 12;

FIG. 14 is plan view of a segment-shaped shell;

FIG. 15 is plan view of the assembled bracket, consisting of base and attached thereon segmented shell;

FIG. 16 is the side view of the upper part according to a section along the line XVI-XVI in Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 section through the mount according to the Fig. 15.

According to FIGS. 1-3 7 is the lower part of a base plate 1, an opening is provided in the center thereof, where a circular, glass-clear carrier is tense 3 at the edge 8, so that a unitary workpiece, consisting of base plate 1 and the support 3 , is created.

The carrier 3 does not end flush with the underside of the base plate 1 , but is at a certain distance from the underside of the base plate 1 , so that the carrier 3 cannot be scratched.

According to FIG. 2, a circular bead 10 is provided above the carrier 3 , the inside of which is slightly inclined to the interior 13 formed by the bead 10 .

Coming into the interior 13 in the holder from the left and right, a pressure regulating and venting duct 5 leads into the holder, via which it is possible in a structurally simple manner to supply and discharge liquids of all kinds into the interior of the eye, as well as through the control of inflow and outflow to increase or decrease the intraocular pressure at will.

From FIGS. 1-3 it can also be seen that an annular channel 9 is arranged on the outside of the bead 10 , which, according to FIG. 1, leads to the outside with a ventilation groove 6 .

According to FIGS. 2 and 3, half of the ring channel 9 is arranged in the lower part 7 and in the upper part 14 according to FIG. 5, so that a closed ring channel 9 is created when the upper and lower parts are brought together.

The outside of the bead 10 is, in particular, as can be seen from FIG. 2, slightly inclined inwards and in this case particularly advantageously at a small angle of approximately 4 °, so that the eye 19 inserted into the interior 13 according to FIG. 6 is advantageous on the edge to be detected, the circular bead 10 with its upper blunt circumference protruding slightly into the soft, flexible inside of the eye.

From Fig. 1-3 are still on the top of the base plate 1 pin 11 with pawls 12 or self-locking pins which later snap into corresponding recesses 18 of the upper part 14 or clamp.

These pins 11 can, in particular, as can be seen from FIG. 6, also be conical, whereby in connection with conical recesses 18 according to FIG. 4 there is also a latching arrangement of the upper part 14 on the lower part 7 , in which the eye 19 is held immovably is.

In Figs. 4 and 5, the upper part 14 is shown, which is unlatched to Fig. 6 of the lower part 7 of FIGS. 1-3, to thereby the eye 19 to hold the manner of a clamping at the edge.

In a further training it can also be provided that the Upper part is screwed to the lower part by means of screws hereby create a uniform holder on which the preparation  always remains.

The upper part 14 consists of a clamping plate 2 with a centrally arranged circular clamping part 15 , an opening 21 being formed.

The clamping part 15 has corrugations 16 on the edge which, when the upper part 14 is connected to the lower part 7, grips the edge of the eye 19 according to FIG .

The corrugations 16 can also be omitted, so that the clamping part 15 has only conical clamping surfaces, which clamp the edge of the eye with the corresponding conical clamping surfaces on the bead 10 of the lower part over a certain distance of approximately 1 mm.

FIGS. 4 and 5, a suction channel 4 are still on the clamping plate 2 outwardly projecting provided that the illustrations may be carried out on both sides also in accordance, with the suction channel leads 4 any overflowed rinsing fluids to the outside, which furthermore have an inclined run-off surface 17 at the top of the clamping plate 2 are guided to the outside.

According to FIG. 5, the clamping member 15 is inclined inwardly formed merely by way of example at an angle of 2 °, so that when placing the upper part 14 to the lower part 7 of the clamping member 15 in conjunction with the inwardly inclined bead 10, a secure clamping of the above brings about the bulging edge of the eyes. Advantageously in connection with a distance of approx. 1 mm between the clamping parts, the edge of the eye is clamped here without there being any risk of the eye edge being crushed.

From Fig. 6, with the same reference numerals, an assembled holder can be seen in connection with a preparation, here an eye 19 , which is arranged on the glass carrier 3 , the assembled arrangement in connection with the carrier 3 acting like a window, which can be viewed from above or is examined below in order to examine the optical properties of the preparation, or to examine the result of eye operations carried out and the like.

In order to arrive at the assembled state of the holder according to Fig. 6, the ophthalmic composition is first introduced into the interior 13 19 and placed on the support 3, wherein enters in particular in FIG. 6, the bead 10 is slightly because of its tendency in the interior of the eye and thereby the hard edge of the eye overlaps over the outer surface of the bead 10 .

The upper part 14 according to FIGS. 4-5 is now pressed onto the lower part 7 , the opening 21 being slipped over the protruding eye 19 and the clamping part 15 with the conical clamping surfaces detecting the overlapping edge of the eye. In connection with the respective inclination of the clamping part 15 and the bead 10 , the eye edge is then held on the outside of the bead 10 over a certain distance of approximately 1 mm.

According to FIG. 6, it is provided that the upper and lower parts 7,14 here engage by way of example also of conical pegs 11, in particular with the formation of the annular channel 9.

From Fig. 6 it can also be seen that the pressure regulating and venting channel 5 serves to introduce or discharge liquid into the inside of the eye via an antechamber 22 , in order to increase or decrease the intraocular pressure at will in a manner which approximates actual conditions.

A cooling liquid can also optionally be introduced via the channel 5 in order to thereby cool the entire contents of the eye holder, in particular the eye 19 seated thereon. Here, the anteroom 22 acts as a storage room, which maintains the cooling for a certain time.

The storage space 22 is also advantageous in connection with a rinsing or nutrient liquid, since even after the supply to the channel 15 has been disconnected, a certain supply remains which maintains the desired conditions on the preparation for a certain time.

From Fig. 6 is seen in particular that when joining the bottom 7 with the upper part 14 in the region between the bead 10 and the clamping member 15, a certain distance of about 1 mm remains, so that in this way the crushing of the outer edge of the eye 19 is definitely avoided.

Furthermore, the suction channel 4 can be seen from FIG. 6, whereby this can also be carried out on both sides in order to discharge overflowing liquid here into a suction system.

From Fig. 6 further has the important function of the bead 10 can be seen, the first comprising the interior of the eye through a slight inclination, thereby 19 to detect the eye with low penetration and further comprising on the outside of an inward inclination of about 4 ° , so that in connection with the overlying conical inside of the clamping part 15 , which has an inclination of only 2 °, only a part of the thickness of the eye wall is detected particularly gently. This largely prevents the eye wall from being crushed. In addition, this also ensures a scope for eyes of different sizes.

The described eye holder can be produced in different sizes, especially with different diameters of the carrier 3 , the bead 10 and the opening 21 in the upper part 14 , in order to meet the task and the different eye sizes.

In one embodiment, the entire holder can also be made of plastic are produced, in which case the transparent support with the Bottom part is injection molded from one piece and in this respect in one piece is present.

Such an embodiment of a holder, consisting of an upper part and a lower part, is shown in FIGS. 7-10.

The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

The entire parts of FIGS. 7-10 consist of a transparent plastic material. In the upper part 14 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, step-shaped corrugations 16 are attached to the inner wall of the inner, central opening 21 in order to achieve the desired clamping effect on the dermis of the eye.

FIGS. 9-10 show a base 7, which gives to the upper part of Fig. 7-8 a complete holder.

In deviation from the previously described exemplary embodiments, a glass support 3 is no longer provided as a support surface for the eye preparation, but instead a support 23 which is integrally connected to the remaining parts of the lower part 7 . The pad 23 is therefore no longer a separate part to be fastened.

Furthermore, FIG. 9 shows that a recess 24 is provided on the underside of the support 23 , which ensures that the holder placed on a support surface cannot become dirty from below and thus the view through the transparent support 23 is impaired.

The features of this exemplary embodiment are that the angle of 5 ° on the bead 10 is now eliminated and that instead a bead 10 is proposed in FIG. 11 with a zero degree angle.

The assigned clamping surface on the upper part also has one Zero degree angle so that the two clamping surfaces are parallel to each other apply, using a specific fit pairing. The means that the clamping surfaces are not in a form-fitting manner, but it becomes a precisely defined distance between the clamping surfaces made, it being provided that different tops one can be assigned to a single lower part and it is then possible the distance between the clamping surfaces according to the wall thickness of the adjust used eye.

Another essential difference of the embodiments according to FIGS. 11 to 15 is that the pin 11, for example shown in FIG. 3, no longer has a rounded head, but instead forms a conical head, in order to penetrate into corresponding conical bores 18 in the upper part 14 a can. This achieves a better clamping fit of the upper part 14 a on the lower part 7 a .

The third essential distinguishing feature is that in the previously described exemplary embodiments, a collecting trough for the rinsing liquid was formed in the upper part 14 . Such a collecting trough is shown for example with the drainage surface 17 in FIGS . 4, 5. According to the new embodiment, such a run-off surface 17 is now located in the lower part 7a itself, as shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 is shown.

There are several surfaces in the area of the drain surface 17 , which are described below.

In the first, inner recessed surface 25 , the upper part with its associated underside 26 is inserted (see FIG. 16).

The radially outer boundary of the surface 25 is provided with a radial undercut 27 into which the correspondingly shaped edge 28 of the upper part 14 a engages.

In the area of this surface 25 , the drainage channel or annular channel 9 previously arranged in the lower part is then arranged.

By arranging this ring channel is a better fit of the pinched eye reached.

In an analogous application, a suction channel 5 is provided in the lower part in the embodiment according to FIGS. 11-16, as is also shown in FIG. 14.

The further surface, which is arranged in the vertical direction above the surface 25 , is provided with the reference symbol 28 in FIG. 11. This surface serves as a collecting surface for the washing liquid running off, the washing liquid running from the top 29 of the upper part 14 a over this surface 28 . From this area, the liquid is then sucked out through the channel 5 .

It is important here that the upper part 14 does not consist of a round, one-piece part, as was illustrated by the other two embodiments of FIGS. 1-10, but that it consists of a segmented part in the embodiment according to FIGS. 11-16 . This means that the upper part consists of several circular segment-shaped parts 14 a - 14 c , it being preferred for manufacturing reasons if three identical symmetrical parts are present. In Fig. 13, such a segment upper part in this case is illustrated 14 a, with a segment angle of 120 ° is provided, so that exactly three identical segment parts result.

In Fig. 15, an assembled top is shown, where three parts 14 a , 14 b and 14 c are assembled into a single round top.

The dividing lines 31 , 32 and 33 can be seen here.

The dividing lines are designed in such a way that the segments 14 a - 14 c lie flat against one another in the area of the dividing lines 31 . However, it is also provided that in the region of the parting lines corresponding connecting means 31-33 such. B. detents, undercuts or the like is provided.

The Fig. 17 this shows an assembly between the upper part and lower part, where it can be seen that the upper part 14 is placed on the corresponding lower part 17.

In the area of the central recess 13 of the lower part, a further recess 34 is provided in which the carrier 3 is inserted. This can be seen in FIG. 17. The carrier 3 consists of a glass carrier or plastic carrier that is crystal clear.

The detail according to FIG. 16a indicates that the corrugations 16 are oriented vertically in the area of the inner recess of the upper part 14 . That is, according to the above description, the clamping surfaces in this area lie exactly parallel to one another, forming a precisely defined distance.

Referring to FIG. 17, the liquid is collected and in the area of the surface 28 removed via the channel 5.

According to the above description, the lower part can be manufactured together with the carrier 3 as a one-piece part, in which case it is then preferably injection molded from a crystal-clear plastic.

On the bottom surface of the lower part 7 , evenly distributed recesses 23 are provided on the circumference, which serve to receive metal plates inserted there. These metal plates are clamped or glued in there. The purpose of this measure is that the lower part 7 with the upper part 14 placed thereon can be fixed on a magnetic holder. For this purpose, corresponding permanent or electromagnets are installed in a holding surface (not shown in detail), so that the entire arrangement can be fixed on this holding surface.

From Figs. 11, 12 and 13 can also be seen that in the central inner cavity of the holder feeds the 5 a or 5 b drains through orifices 35, enter 36, so that this central recess is accessible for respective washing and hydraulic fluids.

Advantage of the present invention is that you can with the described Eye holder is a waterproof and pressure-tight chamber for the eye generated, nevertheless access remains via the described channel system to the eye constantly open, so that even in this system a  Pressure measuring device can be introduced to the intraocular pressure to measure during surgery.

During this operation, the eye can be viewed from above and below be measured, and at the same time the pressure during the operation will. The recording of the intraocular pressure in sync with one Video image made with one or two video cameras can enable a comparative quality control of Ophthalmic instruments, for example phaco emulsification devices.

With such an instrument, the lens can Ultrasound exposure can be resolved and this surgery can be done here with the described eye holder in an exceptionally good way be performed. The pressure that arises during the operation can generated with the pressure measurement described and with the operative Measures are associated.  

Drawing legend

1 base plate
2 clamping plate
3 glass supports
4 suction channel
5 pressure control and Ventilation duct
6 ventilation groove
7 lower part
8 sealing
9 ring channel
10 bead
11 cones
12 jack
13 interior
14 top
14 a , 14 b , 14 c upper part
15 clamping part
16 corrugation
17 drain surface
18 recess
19 eye
20 gap
21 opening
22 anteroom
23rd edition
24 recess
25 area
26 lower part
27 undercut
28 area
29 top
31 dividing line
32 dividing line
33 dividing line
34 recess
35 mouth
36 mouth

Claims (11)

1. Device for holding eyes for examination and exercise purposes in the manner of an artificial eyeball, an eye of a person or animal known per se being placed in an open state on a circular, crystal-clear carrier made of plastic or glass and possibly in connection with interventions or the like is illuminated by a light source, characterized in that the carrier ( 3 ) is arranged in a sealed manner in a lower part ( 7 ), a circular bead ( 10 ) above the carrier ( 3 ) laterally encompassing the eye ( 19 ) and below of the bead ( 10 ) leading inwards to the eye ( 19 ), a pressure control and ventilation channel ( 5 ) is provided, and furthermore an upper part ( 14 ) can be placed on the lower part ( 7 ) from above, the upper part ( 14 ) in the area of the outside of the bead ( 10 ) has an annular clamping part ( 15 ) for the area of the eye which laterally overlaps the bead ( 10 ) and on an annular channel ( 9 ) or a depression is formed between the lower and upper part ( 7 , 14 ), with a ventilation groove ( 6 ) leading outwards in the lower part ( 7 ). 2. Device for holding according to claim 1, characterized in that the bead ( 10 ) on the inside towards the inside of the eye with blunted ends comprises the outside of the eye ( 19 ) and furthermore the bead ( 10 ) on the outside has an inclination towards the inside, while on the clamping part ( 15 ), on the other hand, a lower inclination is formed, so that an inclination difference is formed. 3. A device for mounting according to claim 1, characterized in that a constant, parallel clamping gap for the eye is arranged between the bead ( 10 ) and the associated surface of the clamping part ( 15 ). 4. Device for mounting according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the difference in inclination between the bead ( 10 ) and the clamping part ( 15 ) is approximately 2 °. 5. Device for mounting according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that between the clamping part ( 15 ) and the bead ( 10 ) a distance is formed so that only part of the eye wall is pressed together to crush the eye wall to avoid clamping. 6. A device for mounting according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping part ( 15 ) has clamping surfaces. 7. Device for holding according to claim 1 and 5, characterized in that the clamping part ( 15 ) on the bead ( 10 ) inclined surface has steps ( 16 ) or is designed as a serrated hole edge. 8. A device for mounting according to claim 1, characterized in that on the lower part ( 7 ) locking means, in particular pin ( 11 ) or pawls ( 12 ) are formed, in which the upper part ( 14 ) engages with the fitting with corresponding recesses ( 18 ) and possibly locked. 9. A device for mounting according to claim 1, characterized in that the holder, consisting of lower part ( 7 ) and upper part ( 14 ) are made of plastic, in particular the lower part ( 7 ) with the carrier ( 3 ) are integrally formed and the Carrier ( 3 ) consists of clear plastic. 10. Device for mounting according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper part ( 14 ) consists of a plurality of circular segment-shaped parts ( 14 a , 14 b , 14 c ) which, when assembled, form the annular upper part ( 14 ). 11. Device for mounting according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that one or more inlet and outlet channels ( 5 a ) open into the central opening of the holder.