DE3904223A1 - Sports-hall floor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sports-hall floor, in particular for gymnasiums, having an elastic layer which is applied on a subfloor or unfinished floor consisting of screed or the like and on which at least one impact-absorbing and force-absorbing layer is arranged, if appropriate with the interposition of a plastic sheet. The impact-absorbing and force-absorbing layer comprises a sandwich element of high rigidity.

Description

The invention relates to a sports hall floor according to the upper Concept of claim 1.

A sports hall floor according to the preamble of patent claim 1 has at least one pressure-distributing layer of plywood or Chipboard on. This pressure distribution layer is stored a force-absorbing elastic mat, preferably on one Foam mat. Above this pressure distribution layer usually a wear layer is provided. At a such sports hall floor or surface elastic floor occurs in Use a large deflection trough due to the stress due to the comparably strong plywood or chipboard ten, the resilient on the elastic below Lay on layer.

Starting from a sports hall floor of the type mentioned the invention is based on the object, the sports hall floor train that the bending occurring under stress trough is reduced in such a way that at a distance of 20 to 30 cm there is a measurable deformation from the claimed point.

This object is achieved by the features of Claim 1 solved.

Further configurations result from the subclaims.

In the sports hall floor according to the invention is a sandwich element used, which rests on the elastic layer and be provided with a wear layer on its top can. The sandwich element replaces that of the well-known sports halls plywood or particle board (s) used and consists of a core layer with lower rigidity and the core layer sandwiching layers of higher rigidity, whereby a reduction in the deflection troughs is guaranteed.

The sandwich element has a comparatively small mass and surprisingly ensures a high response sensitivity even with lower masses or forces, thus even when stressed by children. While conventional Sports floors with two layers of chipboard or plywood a substantial mass (e.g. 60 kg or 70 kg) is required, to get the sports hall floor to vibrate is enough the sports hall floor according to the invention due to the used Sandwich elements of low mass already have a body weight of 20 kg or 30 kg to vibrate the sports hall floor offset.

According to a preferred embodiment of the sports hall floor is such a low-mass sandwich element  a honeycomb grid plate is formed, the core layer of which is a cell shaped structure, preferably honeycomb structure. These "cells" can either be cylindrical in shape or have a polygonal shape in the manner of honeycomb channels. It has surprisingly shown that the use of a honeycomb grid plate leads to an almost point-elastic floor and by changing either the height of the honeycomb channels their arrangement perpendicular to the surface of the honeycomb grid plate or by increasing the cross section of the honeycomb Channels arranged parallel to the surface of the honeycomb grid plate the deflection trough is changeable.

The use of the sandwich element also has the advantage that a single layer is provided above the elastic layer is and a gluing in contrast to the previously used Chipboard or plywood panels can be omitted. The sandwich element preferably lies loosely on the elastic layer and applies the top of the wear layer, e.g. be glued on can.

The low-mass sandwich element has the further advantage himself that his installation can be done easily because of low weight both transport and installation are significantly simplified. Another major advantage consists in the water resistance of the sandwich element, especially if it is made of plastic or similar materials consists.

According to a further embodiment of the sports hall floor, Sandwich element uses a foam board, the core of which layer has a high porosity or low density, while at least in the area of the surfaces of the sandwich element Material has low porosity and high density. After a the further design of the sports hall floor changes  Density or porosity from the center of the sandwich element to Outer surface such that the density from the center to the outside increases or the porosity decreases from the center to the outside. The The outer surface or outer skin should be highly compressed and the elasticity is essentially due to the high porosity in the Guaranteed core of the sandwich element.

The following are preferred embodiments of the sports hall ground based on the drawing to explain other features described. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the sports hall floor in sectional view,

Fig. 2 and 3, first embodiments of the sandwich element,

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the sandwich element with upper and lower outer layer and, arranged between the cover layers foam material,

Fig. 5 shows a modified embodiment of the Sandwichelemen tes, and

Fig. 6 is a further modified form compared to FIG. 2.

The sports hall floor, in particular for use in gyms, comprises according to FIG. 1 a sub-floor or subfloor 1 which is made of concrete or the like. On the moisture-insulated bare floor 1 , an elastic layer 2 , for example made of foam, is provided, which in turn can optionally be covered with a plastic film in order to avoid moisture penetration upwards or downwards with regard to the structure to be described further. Above the elastic layer 2 there is a sandwich element 3 which, in comparison to the previously known sports floors, replaces the two layers of chipboard or plywood used at this point. The usual wear layer 4 , for example in the form of a PVC covering, is provided on the sandwich element 3 .

In one embodiment, the sandwich element 3 has the structure indicated in FIG. 2 and consists of a multiplicity of cell-shaped channels or honeycomb-shaped channels 10 which are provided running between two layers 11 , 12 . Such a sandwich element, also called honeycomb grid plate, consists for example of plastic, preferably of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin. In this embodiment, the sandwich element is made as a unit and from a single or from different material (s). The channels 10 are designed to run perpendicular to and between the layers 11 , 12 , the height of these channels 10 being selected as a function of the desired deflection trough. The channels 10 are closed at their upper and lower ends by the layers 11 , 12 and are hollow inside. While the layers 11 , 12 have a comparably high rigidity, the cellular or honeycomb channels 10 are relatively elastic due to their cavities and allow compression to a predetermined extent when a load occurs. The walls of the channels 10 are thin compared to the layers 11 , 12 .

The sandwich element 3 described in connection with FIG. 2 can also be made of other material instead of plastic, for example the cellular channels 10 can be made of aluminum-clad materials, metal or also of paper, cardboard or wood, while the layers 11 , 12 are made of a similar or different material and define the channels 10 between them. In such an embodiment, the honeycomb channels 10 are firmly connected to the layers 11 , 12 by gluing or another type.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a sandwich element 3. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the cellular channels 10 are not provided perpendicular to the layers 11 , 12 , but rather parallel to and between the layers 11 , 12 . The cellular channels 10 can be designed in the form of one or two or more levels. In Fig. 3 only two levels of zellenförmi gene channels are shown, the upper level with honeycomb channels by the reference numeral 10 a and the lower level is illustrated by the reference number 10 b . The elasticity of the sandwich element can be changed by appropriate selection of the cross section or diameter of the channels 10 a , 10 b . In this embodiment, too, the channels 10 a , 10 b are cylindrical or honeycomb-shaped.

Basically 3, the channels 10 a, 10 b is not rectangular, but cylindrical shape and circular cross-section may have in the described in connection with Fig. 2 and 3 sandwich elements. In all these examples, the sandwich element consists of a layer of higher elasticity formed by the cellular or honeycomb channels 10 a , 10 b and the outer layers 11 , 12 enclosing this core layer with a comparably high rigidity.

Experiments have shown that in a sandwich element with honeycomb or cellular channels 10 running perpendicular to the layers 11 , 12 , the elasticity increases with increasing the web height or with increasing height of the channels 10 , as a result of which the deflection trough can be enlarged with increasing channel height .

The formation of a sandwich element in the manner described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3 has the result that it requires considerably less material due to the cavities formed by the channels 10 and thus also shows the desired elasticity when subjected to stresses due to lower forces or masses.

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the sandwich element 3. The sandwich element 3 preferably consists of a foam element, preferably a polyurethane foam sheet, which has an upper and a lower cover layer 11 ', 12 '. The cover layers 11 ', 12 ' consist of plastic, wood, metal or the like, give a much lower flexibility and have a much higher density than the intermediate foam layer 18th The layers 11 ', 12 ' are comparatively rigid and, together with the intermediate foam material 18, result in a sandwich element of low weight and high rigidity. Such a sandwich element is also characterized by a high level of insulation. The manufacture of such a sandwich element is simple and efficient, since the rigid foam or rigid polyurethane foam used has good flow behavior and fills the cavities homogeneously. At the same time, the foam of the core layer 18 adheres to the layers 11 ', 12 ' and gives a firm and permanent connection with these layers 11 ', 12 '.

The sandwich element shown in Fig. 4 can also be made from a single material without cover layers 11 ', 12 '. A preferred embodiment of such a sandwich element is a polyurethane-duromer foam sheet.

Such a polyurethane-duromer foam sheet is shown in FIG. 5 and has a microcellular core with a densified skin or edge zone. The core 20 is indicated in FIG. 5 by the reference character 20 , the compressed skin or edge zone in each case with the reference number 21 , 22nd As illustrated in FIG. 5, the density decreases from the center of the core 20 in the direction of the edge zones 21 , 22 , the density preferably having a parabolic course. It is essential that the porosity of such a polyurethane-duromer foam sheet decreases sharply from the center to the edge, thus ensuring that the edge or skin surface on the top and bottom is strongly compressed and the elasticity mainly due to the large porosity is evoked in the core of the element.

The sandwich element 3 according to FIG. 5 has a comparably low weight in contrast to the use of one or two layers of plywood or chipboard.

The described sandwich elements 3 have the overall advantage that they are insensitive to water and moisture, especially when using plastic materials for their manufacture.

A sports hall floor that has the structure described has neither typical surface elastic nor typical point elastic Properties, but rather is a combination such properties (mixing properties). So fulfilled such a sports hall floor has the following properties:

W ₁₀₀ <0,
W ₅₀₀ = 0.

This means that at a distance of 100 mm from the test a measurable value can be determined at the center of the load, the is greater than 0 and at a distance of 500 mm from The center of the test no longer has a measurable value.

Fig. 6 shows a further modified embodiment compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2. The sandwich element 3 consists of an upper and lower layer 11 a , 12 a made of polyester resin or the like, ie from a material with a comparably high stability and low bending properties, while the honeycomb bodies arranged perpendicular to the layers 11 a , 12 a are made of a polyester elastomer and have a flexibility that lies between that of rubber and the plastics used in the engineering field. The polyester elastomer used is offered under the name "HYTREL" (registered trademark) by DuPont and has a high flexibility and toughness at both high and low temperatures, and also good resistance to oils and aliphatic and aromatic solvents. According to the invention in FIG. 6 with 10 c intermediate layer is extruded with a honeycomb structure and then cut into predetermined widths. Such an intermediate layer 10 c with a honeycomb structure is bonded to the end faces formed by the cutting with plates made of polyester resin or the like or connected in some other way, so that the layer 10 c constitutes the actual elasticity of the sandwich element. The webs of the honeycomb intermediate layer 10 c are of a comparatively high elasticity in this embodiment, so that this elasticity of the webs of the honeycomb structure has a favorable effect on the reduction in force of the entire floor. Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, however, a certain reduction in the plate rigidity can be expected, since the layers 11 a , 12 a enclosing the layer 10 c have comparatively little flexibility.

Claims (10)

1. Sports hall floor, in particular for gyms, with an elastic layer applied to a sub-floor or bare floor of screed or the like, on which, if necessary, at least an impact and force-absorbing layer is arranged with the interposition of a plastic film, characterized in that the impact and force-absorbing layer consists of a sandwich element ( 3 ) of high rigidity. 2. Sports hall floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the sandwich element ( 3 ) has a core layer ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ; 18 ; 20 ) of low rigidity and two cover layers enclosing the core layer ( 11 , 12 ; 11 ', 12 '; 21 , 22 ) has high rigidity. 3. sports hall floor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the core layer ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ) consists of zellenför shaped channels ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ). 4. sports hall floor according to claim 3, characterized in that the axis of the cellular channels ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ) are aligned perpendicular or parallel to the cover layers ( 11 , 12 ; 11 ', 12 '). 5. sports hall floor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the cellular channels ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ) consist of plastic, wood, paper or aluminum lamination. 6. sports hall floor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sandwich element ( 3 ) consists of plastic and that its core layer ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b , 18 , 20 ) has substantially higher porosity or lower density than the associated cover layers ( 11 ', 12 '; 21 , 22 ). 7. sports hall floor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the porosity of the sandwich element ( 3 ) from the cover layer ( 11 ', 12 '; 21 , 22 ) to the center is increasingly increasing. 8. sports hall floor according to claim 6, characterized in that at least the core layer of the sandwich element Polyurethane foam is made. 9. sports hall floor according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sandwich element ( 3 ) consists of a polyurethane-duromer foam sheet. 10. sports hall floor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cellular channels ( 10 ; 10 a , 10 b ) have a circular or polygonal cross section.