DE3629353C1 - Ventilation device - Google Patents
Ventilation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- DE3629353C1 DE3629353C1 DE19863629353 DE3629353A DE3629353C1 DE 3629353 C1 DE3629353 C1 DE 3629353C1 DE 19863629353 DE19863629353 DE 19863629353 DE 3629353 A DE3629353 A DE 3629353A DE 3629353 C1 DE3629353 C1 DE 3629353C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- breathing gas
- housing
- ventilation device
- plastic material
- respiratory gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beatmungsvorrichtung, bei der in einem Gehäuse atemgasführende Räume, wie Leitungen, Steuer- und Überwachungsorgane, angeordnet sind, die durch eine Heizvorrichtung auf eine die Kondensation der Atemgasfeuchtigkeit verhindernde Temperatur angewärmt sind.The invention relates to a respirator of the rooms containing breathing gas, such as Lines, control and monitoring bodies, arranged are that by a heater on the Prevents condensation of the breathing gas moisture Temperature are warmed.
Eine derartige Beatmungsvorrichtung ist in der DE-PS 14 91 679 beschrieben.Such a ventilation device is in DE-PS 14 91 679.
Dort sind in einem Gehäuse ein Atemgaszuführungskanal für die Inspiration mit einem dazugehörigen Rückschlagventil und einem Atemgasdruckmesser sowie ein Atemgasauslaßkanal mit eigenem Rückschlagventil und Volumenmeßgerät angeordnet. Außerdem befindet sich in dem Gehäuse eine Anfeuchtungseinrichtung zur Befeuchtung der Atemgasluft im Zuführungskanal. Eine in dieser Baueinheit vorgesehene Heizeinrichtung erwärmt sämtliche gasführenden Teile auf eine solche Temperatur, daß die Auskondensation der Atemgasfeuchtigkeit verhindert werden soll.There is a breathing gas supply channel in a housing for inspiration with a related one Check valve and a breathing gas pressure meter as well a breathing gas outlet channel with its own check valve and volume measuring device arranged. Also located in the housing a humidifier Humidification of the breathing gas air in the supply channel. A heating device provided in this unit heats all gas-carrying parts to one Temperature that the condensation of the Breathing gas moisture should be prevented.
Da jedoch die Bauform der atemgasführenden Teile unterschiedlich und recht komplex sein kann, wobei z. B. die atemgasführenden Leitungen nicht ohne Ecken und Kanten und versteckte Hohlräume ausgebildet sind, kommt es immer wieder zu vereinzelten Kondensationsnestern, in denen sich die Atemgasfeuchtigkeit niederschlagen kann. Durch die lokale Anordnung der Heizeinrichtung spielt die geometrische Form der Baueinheit eine große Rolle, da es trotz guter Wärmeleitfähigkeitseigenschaften des Gehäuses zu einem Temperaturgefälle zwischen der Wärmequelle und den der kühleren Umgebungsluft ausgesetzten Randzonen des Gehäuses kommen kann. Dadurch treten in den Randzonen der atemgasführenden Leitungen Wasserdampfkondensationen auf. Wollte man dies bei der bekannten Beatmungsvorrichtung verhindern, müßte die Heizleistung so weit erhöht werden, daß auch in den Randbereichen eine über dem Taupunkt liegende Atemgastemperatur erreicht würde. Dies bedeutet zunächst eine übermäßig erhöhte Heizleistung mit entsprechendem Energieverbrauch, zum anderen könnte damit aber auch lokal eine solch hohe Temperatur entstehen, daß temperaturempfindliche Materialien unerwünscht thermisch belastet würden.However, since the design of the breathing gas-carrying parts can be different and quite complex, whereby e.g. B. the breathing gas pipes not without corners and edges and hidden voids are formed, there are always isolated cases Condensation nests, in which the Breathing gas moisture can precipitate. Through the local arrangement of the heating device plays the geometric shape of the structural unit plays a major role because it despite the good thermal conductivity properties of the Housing to a temperature gradient between the Heat source and that of the cooler ambient air exposed edge zones of the housing can come. This occurs in the peripheral zones of the breathing gas Lines of water vapor condensation. You wanted to this with the known ventilation device prevent, the heating output would have to be increased so far be that even in the marginal areas above the Breathing gas temperature would be reached. Initially, this means an excessively increased Heating output with appropriate energy consumption, for others could also have such a high level locally Temperature arise that are temperature sensitive Materials would be undesirably thermally stressed.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Beatmungsvorrichtung der genannten Art so zu verbessern, daß eine gleichmäßig verteilte Wärmeenergie bei geringem Leistungsverbrauch der Heizvorrichtung an sämtlichen Oberflächen der atemgasführenden Bauteile zu einer wirksamen Verhinderung von Wasserdampfkondensation führt.The present invention is therefore the object based on a ventilation device of the type mentioned to improve so that an evenly distributed Thermal energy with low power consumption Heater on all surfaces of the breathing gas components to an effective Prevention of water vapor condensation leads.
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß das Gehäuse mindestens teilweise aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Kunststoffmaterial besteht und über Kontaktanschlüsse mit einer elektrischen Versorgungseinheit verbunden ist. The object is achieved in that the housing at least partially from an electrically conductive Plastic material is made and via contact connections connected to an electrical supply unit is.
Das Gehäusematerial selbst ist ganz oder teilweise als elektrisch leitende Heizvorrichtung ausgebildet, das durch den hindurchfließenden Strom in allen Bereichen gleichmäßig erwärmt wird. Dadurch wird eine Kondensatbildung in den atemgasführenden Räumen auch an solchen Stellen wirksam verhindert, die sonst wegen mangelnder Wärmezufuhr eine ungenügende Temperatur aufgewiesen hatten. Bei der Konstruktion der atemgasführenden Räume braucht nunmehr nicht darauf geachtet zu werden, daß sich keine Kondensatfallen bilden könnten.The housing material itself is wholly or partially designed as an electrically conductive heating device, that through the current flowing through them all Areas is heated evenly. This will make one Formation of condensate in the breathing gas spaces too effectively prevented in such places that otherwise because insufficient heat supply an insufficient temperature had shown. In the construction of the Breathing gas-carrying rooms do not need it now to be ensured that no condensate traps could form.
Vorzugsweise kann das Kunststoffmaterial des Gehäuses aus einem mit Karbonfasern durchsetzten Polyamid bestehen.Preferably, the plastic material of the housing made of a polyamide interspersed with carbon fibers consist.
Es hat sich als besonders zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn das Kunststoffmaterial des Gehäuses einen mit zunehmender Temperatur stark ansteigenden Widerstand (PTC) aufweist. Dadurch kann eine übermäßige Erhitzung, beispielsweise durch einen Fehlerfall in der elektrischen Versorgungseinheit verursacht, vermieden werden. Ab einer bestimmten, von der Materialeigenschaft des leitfähigen Kunststoffes abhängigen Temperatur erniedrigt sich der Leitwert des Materials so weit, daß eine weitere Temperaturerhöhung über einen vorgegebenen Wert verhindert wird. Angesichts dieser selbstregelnden Eigenschaft kann die elektrische Versorgungseinheit sehr einfach aufgebaut sein.It has proven particularly useful if the plastic material of the housing with one increasing temperature strongly increasing resistance (PTC). This can cause excessive Heating, for example due to a fault in the electrical supply unit, be avoided. From a certain, from the Material properties of the conductive plastic dependent temperature the conductivity of the Material so far that a further increase in temperature is prevented by a predetermined value. Given this self-regulating property, the electrical supply unit very simple be.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der schematischen Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden näher erläutert. An embodiment of the invention is based on the shown schematic drawing and below explained in more detail.
In der einzigen Figur ist im Schnitt ein Teil der Beatmungsvorrichtung (1) dargestellt, welcher aus einem Steuerblock (2) und einem Atemgasblock (3) besteht. In dem Steuerblock (2) sind Steuerleitungen (4, 5) vorgesehen, welche in die entsprechenden Steuerräumen (6, 7) der Ventile (8, 9, 10, 11) münden. Beide Ventile sind in Form eines Sitzes (8, 10) ausgebildet, die mit einer Membran (9, 11) verschließbar sind. Die Membranen (9, 11) sind aus einer einstückigen Membranplatte (12) gebildet, die als Zwischenlage zwischen Steuerblock (2) und Atemgasblock (3) gespannt ist. In dem Atemgasblock (3) als Gehäuse gelegene Atemgaszuführungsleitungen (13, 15) münden in die Ventilräume (19, 20), die mit einer Atemgasabführungsleitung (14) verbunden sind. Das Material des Atemgasblocks (3) besteht aus mit Karbonfasern durchsetztem Polyamid und ist dadurch elektrisch leitfähig. An die Stirnwände des Atemgasblocks (3) sind jeweils ein Kontaktanschluß (16) angebracht, die über Anschlußleitungen (18) an eine elektrische Versorgungseinheit (17) angeschlossen sind. Bei Stromzufuhr erwärmt sich der Atemgasblock (3) auf eine Temperatur, die eine Kondensation der Atemgasfeuchtigkeit verhindert.In the single figure, part of the ventilation device ( 1 ) is shown in section, which consists of a control block ( 2 ) and a breathing gas block ( 3 ). Control lines ( 4 , 5 ) are provided in the control block ( 2 ) and open into the corresponding control spaces ( 6 , 7 ) of the valves ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Both valves are designed in the form of a seat ( 8 , 10 ) which can be closed with a membrane ( 9 , 11 ). The membranes ( 9 , 11 ) are formed from a one-piece membrane plate ( 12 ) which is tensioned as an intermediate layer between the control block ( 2 ) and breathing gas block ( 3 ). Breathing gas supply lines ( 13 , 15 ) located in the breathing gas block ( 3 ) as a housing open into the valve spaces ( 19 , 20 ) which are connected to a breathing gas discharge line ( 14 ). The material of the breathing gas block ( 3 ) consists of polyamide interspersed with carbon fibers and is therefore electrically conductive. A contact connection ( 16 ) is attached to the end walls of the respiratory gas block ( 3 ) and is connected to an electrical supply unit ( 17 ) via connection lines ( 18 ). When power is supplied, the breathing gas block ( 3 ) heats up to a temperature that prevents condensation of the breathing gas moisture.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863629353 DE3629353C1 (en) | 1986-08-28 | 1986-08-28 | Ventilation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863629353 DE3629353C1 (en) | 1986-08-28 | 1986-08-28 | Ventilation device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3629353C1 true DE3629353C1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
Family
ID=6308429
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863629353 Expired DE3629353C1 (en) | 1986-08-28 | 1986-08-28 | Ventilation device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3629353C1 (en) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10219286C1 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-07-31 | Draeger Medical Ag | Respiration device uses electrical heating device with heating foil heating element for preventing condensation |
EP1295621A3 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-05-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
US7146979B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-12-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidifier with parallel gas flow paths |
US7588029B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2009-09-15 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
DE102008049177B3 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-02-04 | Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG | Device for controlling respiratory gas flow of patient, has breathing gas block with breathing gas supply duct channel and breathing gas outlet channel, cover and insert element |
US20110146679A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg | Respirator |
US7997270B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2011-08-16 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Apparatus for supplying respiratory gas and a method for controlling the apparatus |
US8550072B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2013-10-08 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for delivering humidified gases |
US8733349B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2014-05-27 | Resmed Limited | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US20160354573A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2016-12-08 | Matthew Liam Buswell | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US9572949B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2017-02-21 | Resmed Limited | Wire heated tube with temperature control system for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US9802022B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2017-10-31 | Resmed Limited | Humidification of respiratory gases |
US10293121B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2019-05-21 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus used for the humidification of gases in medical procedures |
US10751498B2 (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2020-08-25 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes for respiratory systems |
US10814091B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2020-10-27 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | System for delivery of respiratory gases |
US10828482B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2020-11-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidification system connections |
US10960167B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2021-03-30 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US11007340B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2021-05-18 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for measuring properties of gases supplied to a patient |
US11013875B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2021-05-25 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Low cost CPAP flow generator and humidifier assembly |
US11058844B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2021-07-13 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
US11213650B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2022-01-04 | Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA | Process as well as gas heater for heating a carrier gas stream |
US11311695B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2022-04-26 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
US11318270B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2022-05-03 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1491679C (en) * | Drägerwerk, Heinr. & Bernh. Dräger, 2400 Lübeck | Ventilation device |
-
1986
- 1986-08-28 DE DE19863629353 patent/DE3629353C1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1491679C (en) * | Drägerwerk, Heinr. & Bernh. Dräger, 2400 Lübeck | Ventilation device |
Cited By (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8235041B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2012-08-07 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US10525225B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2020-01-07 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US7146979B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-12-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidifier with parallel gas flow paths |
US7588029B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2009-09-15 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
US9555210B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2017-01-31 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US8550072B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2013-10-08 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for delivering humidified gases |
US9750917B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2017-09-05 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US11197967B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2021-12-14 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus used for the humidification of gases in medical procedures |
US10293121B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2019-05-21 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus used for the humidification of gases in medical procedures |
US10112027B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2018-10-30 | Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh | Apparatus for supplying respiratory gas and a method for controlling the apparatus |
US7997270B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2011-08-16 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Apparatus for supplying respiratory gas and a method for controlling the apparatus |
US8671936B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2014-03-18 | Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh | Apparatus for supplying respiratory gas and a method for controlling the apparatus |
EP1295621A3 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-05-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
DE10219286C1 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-07-31 | Draeger Medical Ag | Respiration device uses electrical heating device with heating foil heating element for preventing condensation |
US6805119B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2004-10-19 | Dräger Medical AG & Co. KGaA | Device for controlling a breathing gas flow |
FR2838972A1 (en) | 2002-04-30 | 2003-10-31 | Draeger Medical Ag | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF A RESPIRATORY GAS |
US11458273B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2022-10-04 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for measuring properties of gases supplied to a patient |
US11911564B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2024-02-27 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for measuring properties of gases supplied to a patient |
US11007340B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2021-05-18 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for measuring properties of gases supplied to a patient |
US11679224B2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2023-06-20 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for measuring properties of gases supplied to a patient |
US11013875B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2021-05-25 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Low cost CPAP flow generator and humidifier assembly |
US11298482B2 (en) | 2005-08-15 | 2022-04-12 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Low cost CPAP flow generator and humidifier assembly |
US9802022B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2017-10-31 | Resmed Limited | Humidification of respiratory gases |
DE102008049177B3 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-02-04 | Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG | Device for controlling respiratory gas flow of patient, has breathing gas block with breathing gas supply duct channel and breathing gas outlet channel, cover and insert element |
US11707587B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2023-07-25 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US11607512B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2023-03-21 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US8733349B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2014-05-27 | Resmed Limited | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US10086158B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2018-10-02 | Resmed Limited | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US11033698B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2021-06-15 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system, tube type detection, and active over temperature protection for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US8671941B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2014-03-18 | Dräger Medical GmbH | Respirator |
US20110146679A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg | Respirator |
US11318270B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2022-05-03 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
US10589050B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2020-03-17 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US12053587B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2024-08-06 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US20160354573A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2016-12-08 | Matthew Liam Buswell | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US11129954B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2021-09-28 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US11058844B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2021-07-13 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
US11779719B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2023-10-10 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US11260186B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2022-03-01 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US10363382B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2019-07-30 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Wire heated tube with temperature control system for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US9572949B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2017-02-21 | Resmed Limited | Wire heated tube with temperature control system for humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US10814091B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2020-10-27 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | System for delivery of respiratory gases |
US11826538B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-11-28 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidification system connections |
US10828482B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2020-11-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidification system connections |
US10751498B2 (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2020-08-25 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes for respiratory systems |
US10960167B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2021-03-30 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Zone heating for respiratory circuits |
US11213650B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2022-01-04 | Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA | Process as well as gas heater for heating a carrier gas stream |
US11311695B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2022-04-26 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
US12076489B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2024-09-03 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Medical tubes and methods of manufacture |
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