DE3534382A1 - Method for adjusting (setting) the axial play between the rotor and the stator of a motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The axial play is adjusted for example by means of a displaceable sleeve (3A) which is held in a preinstalled manner in a push fit in a shaft hole (33) in the collar (31) of an insulating end disc. In order to be able to ensure a non-jerky, defined axial adjustment movement of the displaceable sleeve (3A) despite the tolerance levels which are normal in mass-produced products and even in the event of excessively severe pressure between the collar (31) and the displaceable sleeve (3A), the sliding surface between the displaceable sleeve (3A) and the collar (31) is wetted with a slippery (sliding) liquid (34) before the adjustment of the axial play, a resorcinol solution preferably being used as the slippery liquid, said solution dissolving polyamide and bonding after the solvent has evaporated, so that the displaceable sleeve is additionally fixed in its adjusted position after the axial play has been adjusted. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for setting axial play between the rotor and the stator an engine according to the preamble of claim 1; one of the like procedure is through the European patent 0 065 585 known.

In the known method, a between rotor shaft le and the rotor shaft encompassing an insulating collar radial end disk in a shaft bore of the collar Ver held in a pre-magazine on both sides in the press fit sliding sleeve for adjusting the axial play of one play-free axial position based on the axial clearance pressed further into the shaft bore of the collar. It has been shown that only with low tole ranz values for each other to adjust the axial play the components of the engine part to be moved on the one hand and the sliding sleeve on the other hand a defined one Axial displacement of the sliding sleeve, especially at in a machine manufacturing machine to the Ver sliding sleeve applied pressure, is possible.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, too for the mass production of mass products, e.g. the production of small commutator motors for motor vehicle fans terantriebe, usual tolerance values for the zuzu assembling components an accurate and reliable To be able to ensure axial play adjustment.  

This problem is solved in one process of the type mentioned according to the invention by the Teaching of claim 1; advantageous embodiments of the Invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The method according to the invention makes it possible to the setting of the axial play with relatively little axial pressure the spacer sleeve relative to the receiving Motor part independent of small defined adjustment paths dependent on one due to scattering tolerance values below to shift different pressure axially against each other. Are spacer sleeve according to an embodiment of the invention and receiving engine part made of plastic and a diffusion adhesive solvent as lubricant, particularly advantageously in the case of polyamide provided engine parts and sliding sleeves a resorcinol Solution used, the lubricant can be used simultaneously be used to adjust the spacer sleeve after adjustment the axial play in its final setting position additionally secure relative to the engine part, because of the mutual sliding surfaces dissolved in the sliding fluid motor part and spacer sleeve against each other are welded or glued.

On the one hand, the dissolving and thus the sliding of the ver to improve sliding sleeve and on the other hand after the Setting to accelerate mutual welding and thus the rotor for the further assembly process To be able to release again as early as possible according to a further embodiment of the invention see that the parts wetted with lubricant before and / or after adjusting the axial play of heat be exposed to treatment.  

The invention and further advantageous refinements the invention are based on a schematic table shown embodiment in the drawing explained in more detail; show in it:

Fig. 1 is an axial longitudinal section through a first permanent magnet-excited small motor,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of Fig. 1 in the region of the collar of the insulating end right before the adjustment of the axial play,

Fig. 3 shows the enlarged detail view of FIG. 2 after the adjustment of the axial play and the term gegensei welding or adhesive bonding of the insulating sleeve slide on the one hand and collar on the other hand,

Figure 4 is an axial longitudinal section through a further permanent magnet-excited small motor in a first pre-assembly with pushed onto the right end of the rotor shaft bearing cylinder before the adjustment of the axial play.

Fig. 5 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 4 in addition to the computationally th motor end bearing plate mounted in front of a position of the axial play,

Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of Fig. 5 after the adjustment of the axial play by axial displacement of the right cylindrical bearing and after the welding to the end plate sleeve,

Fig. 7 is an axial longitudinal section through a third permanent magnet-excited small motor with Kalottenlage tion before the adjustment of the axial play,

Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of FIG. 7 after the adjustment of the axial play by axially shifting the spherical bearing and after welding the calotte bearing receptacle in the end shield sleeve.

Fig. 1 shows a permanent magnet commutator motor. On the inner peripheral surface of the stator housing 7 , the magnetic field-generating permanent magnets 8 , 9 are arranged. At the end 7 bearing brackets 4 , 5 are attached to the stator housing. The bearing bracket 4 , 5 take up spherical bearings, in which a rotor shaft 2 is rotatably mounted. A rotor laminated core 1 is held on the rotor shaft 2 , for example in a press fit. On the left shaft end of the rotor shaft 2 , a commutator 14 is glued inside the housing. Brush holders 12 , 13 are mounted in a brush bridge fixed to the stator housing in a manner not shown here and connected to the outer connecting line. The winding ends of the wound rotor winding, of which the end windings are shown in FIG. 1, are connected to the fins of the commutator 14 .

For the electrical insulation of the end windings from the end faces of the rotor laminated core 1 and from the rotor shaft 2 , plastic insulating washers, each with an axially formed collar and spanning the rotor shaft 2 at least in the region of the end windings, are seen. The right-hand insulating disk is also used not only to insulate the winding from the rotor laminated core 1 and the rotor shaft 2, but also to adjust the axial play by means of a 3 A sliding sleeve. The configuration of the insulating disc, and in particular are integrally formed on this insulating end axial collar 31 and the fiction, according retained in the collar and fixed after adjustment Ver sliding sleeve 3 A is in the detailed sectional images shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 made clearer. To standardize the same type of insulation plate is used on the left side of the rotor core 1 , although here a sliding sleeve is not seen in the present case.

The axially formed collar 31 of the insulating disc has a concentric with the rotor shaft 2 inner shaft bore 33 , into which the slightly conical sliding sleeve 3 A is pressed. In the manufacture of the insulating washer, the sliding sleeve 3 A is also produced and is already partially inserted by pressing it into a certain axial depth into the recess 33 in the sense of a uniform, pre-assembled construction.

To enlarge the contact surface between the spherical cap 4 and the sliding sleeve 3 A , it has a radially projecting shoulder 32 on its end facing the Ka lotte. When pressing the insulating washer with the pre-inserted sliding sleeve 3 A , the corresponding tool presses equally onto the end face of the insulating disk and the sliding sleeve 3 A. After mounting the bearing bracket 5 , a possibly too ge ringes axial play can be increased by known measures, for example those described in the publication cited above.

Of course, before the actual axial play, the sliding sleeve 3 A is only inserted so far into the recess 33 of the collar 31 that the remaining insertion distance, taking into account the desired axial play to be maintained, is sufficient for further insertion into the recess 33 of the collar 31 of the Insulating washer enables.

Fig. 2 shows the assembly state immediately before the position of the axial play with a correspondingly far out of the collar 31 of the insulating washer pushed out to the right, provided with a slight cone in the axial direction conical sliding sleeve 3 A. By means of a metering unit 18, a resorcinol solution is dripped as lubricating liquid 34 from a reservoir 19 to the sliding sleeve 3 A in the area of the sliding surface to the collar 31st By means of a hot-air dryer (not shown here) or UV heat radiation, the additional solving of the sliding sleeve 3 A and collar 31 which may be additionally desired can be accelerated.

Through these measures, the sliding sleeve 3 A, which simultaneously serves, for example, as a bushing, can then be precisely metered by the desired defined dimension to ensure the required axial play in the shaft bore 33 of the collar 31 without the risk of jerky movement due to excessive dry press fit friction between the sliding sleeve and Collar to be moved.

Fig. 3 shows the assembly state after the adjustment of the axial play, in which the sliding sleeve 3 A by the defi ned setting dimension in the collar 31 of the insulating disc is pressed. In the wall area 35 are sliding sleeve 3 A and collar 31 after evaporation of the lubricating fluid 34 , possibly accelerated again by the action of heat, welded together.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show another embodiment of a permanent-magnet commutator motor with a sliding displacement of the present invention and subsequent fixing of the pushed-ver adjusting means of the lubricant. On the inner peripheral surface of the stator housing 7 are arranged around the magnetic field generating permanent magnet shells 8 , 9 . When fully assembled motor in accordance with Fig. 4, secured at both front ends of the stator housing 7 a respective bearing bracket 5 and 6, respectively 5. The left bracket 6 takes a conventional Ka lottenlager 4 in a bearing seat 61 ; in the right bearing bracket 5 is a plastic-Zylin derlager 3 is pressed into a molded plastic bearing sleeve 51 . In the bearings 5 , 6 , a rotor shaft 2 is rotatably supported with a wound rotor laminated core 1 and a commutator 14 . Brush holders 12 , 13 are also pivoted in a manner not shown in a brush bridge fixed to the stator housing and connected to an outer connecting line.

Fig. 1 shows the permanent magnet commutator motor in a pre-assembled state immediately before the adjustment of the axial play; for this purpose, the cylinder bearing 3 B is pushed onto the rotor shaft 2 already supported in the left bearing bracket 6 from its right, still free end until it lies against the right end face of the commutator 14 with a thrust collar; As previously described for the example according to FIGS . 2, 3, a lubricating liquid 34 is now dripped from a reservoir 19 onto the sliding surface of the cylinder bearing 3 B via a metering system 18 . Referring to FIG. 2, the right support bracket 51 is then anmontiert to the stator housing 7 while 51 of the right bearing bracket 5 press fitted on the cylindrical bearing surface of the Außengleit 3 B in the sense of an axially play-free rotor assembly pushed the bearing sleeve. Also in this assembly state, for example through an opening in the bearing bracket 5 , lubricant can be instilled on the sliding surface between the cylinder bearing 3 B and the end shield sleeve 51 .

To set the axial play is now shown in FIG. 3 by additional axial pressure on the left end of the rotor shaft 2 while overcoming the operational press fit pressure between the bearing sleeve 51 and the cylinder bearing 3 B of the entire rotor by the intended axial play a to the right in the direction A 1 is pressed, the cylinder bearing 3 B being pressed axially further into the bearing sleeve 51 by precisely this axial clearance a . In Fig. 3 the rotor after this impression of the cylinder bearing 3 B in the bearing sleeve 51 again by axially moving back in Rich device A 2 in its starting position shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, so that between the right end of the commutator 14th and the left end of the Anlaufbun of the cylinder bearing 3 B, the axial play a is guaranteed.

The above-described setting of the axial play according to the invention is thus characterized in that starting from an initially axial play-free mutual assembly of the stator and rotor by axially moving the rotor, the cylinder bearing 3 B via a support firmly connected to the rotor shaft 2 , in the present exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 the commutator 14 by the amount of the axial play a is pushed further into the end shield sleeve 51 .

A further advantageous setting of the axial play is possible in that starting from an axial play-speaking or mutual play larger mutual assembly of stator and rotor, this from an opposed to the cylinder bearing 3 B opposite spherical bearing 4 axial play arrangement around the axial play dimension a in direction A 1 of the cylinder bearing 3 B is shifted and then the cylinder bearing 3 B until it is free of play against an adjacent start-up part that is firmly connected to the rotor shaft 2 , in the present exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 the commutator 14 , is pushed axially in front of its end shield sleeve 51 .

In general, when assembling the motor according to the invention on a vertical mounting direction is assumed, so that, for example, the axial play-free arrangement of the rotor explained in the latter case on the spherical bearing 4 opposite the cylinder bearing 3 B results automatically, since the vertical mounting of the lower one Support bearing bracket 6 builds starting in the axial direction. In the case of vertical installation, the lubricant can then be instilled in a particularly simple manner from the upper axial end of the cylinder bearing 3 B.

In the wall 35, the outer surface of the cylindrical bearing 3 B and the inner surface of the end plate are shown in FIG. 6 sleeve 51 are welded together.

Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention provided with a fixed axial play permanent magnet commutator motor. On the inner circumferential surface of the stator housing 7 , the magnetic field generating permanent magnetic shells 8 , 9 are in turn arranged. 7 bracket 5 , 6 are attached to the end of the stator housing. The bearing bracket 5 , 6 now take up spherical bearings 3 , 4 , in which a rotor shaft 2 is rotatably mounted. On the rotor shaft 2 , a wound rotor laminated core 1 is fastened. A commutator 14 is glued to the left shaft end of the rotor shaft 2 within the stator housing. Brush holders 12 , 13 are mounted on the stator housing side in a manner not shown here and connected to an outer connecting line. At the fins of the commutator 14 , the rotor winding introduced into the grooves of the rotor lamination packet 1 is connected. A thrust washer is arranged between the left spherical bearing 4 and the commutator 14 , a spacer bush 10 with a thrust collar is provided on the rotor shaft 2 between the right end of the rotor laminated core 1 and the right spherical bearing 3 .

While at the left end of the permanent magnet commutator motor shown in FIGS . 1, 2, the spherical bearing 4 provided for mounting the rotor shaft 2 is arranged from the start as a fixed bearing in the bearing holder of the left bracket 4 , the tolerances can be set to a defined one each assembled motor take into account the axial play, the right spherical bearing 3 C in its plastic bearing sleeve 51 of the right bearing plate 5 from the position shown in FIG. 1 with a zero axial play by the distance of the defined axial play in the axial play position shown in FIG. 2 be moved axially right; for this purpose, an outer plastic bearing receptacle 36 is provided, the radially outside has a cylindrical, the bore of the shield sleeve 51 corresponding circumferential surface and radially inside and axially outside the Ka lotte 37 includes a pan-shaped curvature, the axially inside by a pressed on the calotte 37 adjacent clamping glasses 38 is closed. At the beginning of the assembly of the permanent magnet commutator motor, the spherical bearing 3 C held in the end shield sleeve 51 in the sliding press fit is expediently pushed so far to the left in the direction A 1 that after the assembly, but before the adjustment of the axial play, a play-free seat of the rotor relative to the stator is guaranteed. By axially advancing the rotor in direction A 2 to the right spherical bearing by the defined dimension a of the axial play, the desired axial play setting can then be made in a simple handling process without the need for a comparison or measurement of the respective actual and target axial play.

On the one hand to ensure a jerk-free displacement of the right spherical bearing 3 in the bearing plate sleeve 51 when setting the axial play and on the other hand for subsequent subsequent particularly good fixation of the spherical bearing 3 C in the bearing plate sleeve 51 after the adjustment shift is also provided here according to the invention, the sliding surface between the bearing receptacle 36 and the end shield sleeve 51 with a lubricating liquid speed 34 from the reservoir via the metering system 18 , which initially favors the lubricating process and then firmly connects the two components in the wall area 35 together.

Claims (9)

1. A method for adjusting the axial play between the rotor and the stator of a motor by means of a spacer sleeve, which is operationally fixed in a motor part, but is axially displaceable relative to the motor member for adjusting the axial play, characterized in that before the axial displacement of the spacer sleeve to adjust the axial play, the sliding surface between the motor part and the spacer sleeve is wetted with a lubricant ( 34 ). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the application to a bore in a shaft ( 33 ) of an axially projecting collar ( 31 ) of an insulating disk, to the rotor shaft ( 2 ) and to the collar ( 31 ) held in the press fit sliding sleeve ( 3 A ) , the outer sliding surface to the inner surface of the shaft bore ( 33 ) with the lubricating liquid ( 34 ) is wetted. 3. The method of claim 1, gekennzeich net by application to a to a shield sleeve (51) insertable, held for bearing shield sleeve (51) press-fit cylindrical bearing, whose Außengleitfläche is wetted to the bearing shield sleeve (51) towards the lubricating fluid (34). 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the application to a in a bearing plate sleeve ( 51 ) insertable, via its outer bearing receptacle ( 36 ) to the bearing plate sleeve ( 51 ) press-fit Ka lottenlagerung ( 3 C) , the bearing receiving outer sliding surface End shield sleeve ( 51 ) is wetted with the lubricant ( 34 ). 5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the motor part and the press fit held therein, for Setting the axial play axially displaceable distance sleeve made of plastic, in particular made of thermoplastic, ge be manufactured. 6. The method according to claim 5 with a motor part or a spacer sleeve made of thermoplastic, characterized in that a diffusion adhesive solvent is used as a liquid lubricating speed ( 34 ). 7. The method according to claim 5 with a motor part or a spacer sleeve made of polyamide, characterized in that a resorcinol solution is used as the sliding liquid speed ( 34 ). 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a solution of 75 g of resorcinol salt and 100 ml of spirit is used as the lubricating liquid ( 34 ). 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, there characterized in that the parts of the collar or Sliding sleeve before and / or after adjusting the axial exposed to heat treatment.