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DE3315451A1 - Expandable dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards - Google Patents

Expandable dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards

Info

Publication number
DE3315451A1
DE3315451A1 DE19833315451 DE3315451A DE3315451A1 DE 3315451 A1 DE3315451 A1 DE 3315451A1 DE 19833315451 DE19833315451 DE 19833315451 DE 3315451 A DE3315451 A DE 3315451A DE 3315451 A1 DE3315451 A1 DE 3315451A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
expansion
expanding
sleeve
cone
anchoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19833315451
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19833315451 priority Critical patent/DE3315451A1/en
Publication of DE3315451A1 publication Critical patent/DE3315451A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/08Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
    • F16B13/0858Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with an expansible sleeve or dowel body driven against a tapered or spherical expander plug
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B2013/007Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose to be fastened in undercut holes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an expanding dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards, consisting of an expanding body which is supported on the base of the drilled hole and has an expanding cone, onto whose expanding cone an expanding sleeve can be driven, which is provided over a part of its length with longitudinal slots. In order to be able to attach objects having attachment screws, threaded rods or the like using the expanding dowel, the expanding body is constructed as a sleeve having a cylindrical section which has an internal thread and ends inside the unslotted part of the expanding sleeve. Furthermore, the wall thickness of the expanding cone of the expanding body increases towards the base of the drilled hole.

Description

Spreizdübel'für die Verankerung in konisch'nach'innen Expansion dowels for anchoring in a conical interior

erweitert hergestellten Bohrlöchern Die Erfindung betrifft einen Spreizdübel für die Verankerung in konisch nach innen erweitert hergestellten Bohrlöchern, bestehend aus einem am Bohrlochgrund sich abstützenden, einen Spreizkonus aufweisenden Spreizkörper, auf dessen Spreizkonus eine über einen Teil ihrer Länge mit Längsschlitzen versehene Spreizhülse auftreibbar ist. extended wells produced The invention relates to a Expansion dowels for anchoring in drilled holes made conically widened inwards, consisting of an expanding cone which is supported on the bottom of the borehole Expansion body, on whose expansion cone one over part of its length with longitudinal slots provided expansion sleeve is expandable.

Durch konisch erweiterte Bohrlöcher ist es möglich, nahezu spreizdruckfreie Verankerungen durchzuführen, die aufgrund der erhöhten Aufspreizung des Befestigungselementes sehr hohe Haltewerte erbringen.Thanks to the conically widened boreholes, it is possible to achieve virtually no expansion pressure Perform anchorages due to the increased spreading of the fastener produce very high holding values.

Als Spreizkörper wird in der Regel ein Stehbolzen verwendet, der an einem Ende einen angestauchten Spreizkonus aufweist. Das andere, die Spreizhülse nach der Verankerung überragende Teilstück des Stehbolzens ist mit einem Außengewinde versehen, so daß mittels einer Mutter die Befestigung eines Gegenstandes an der Mauerwerksoberfläche möglich ist.As a rule, a stud bolt is used as the expansion body has an upset expansion cone at one end. The other, the expansion sleeve After the anchoring, the protruding part of the stud is with an external thread provided so that the attachment of an object to the by means of a nut Masonry surface is possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das gleiche Verankerungsprinzip für einen Spreizdübel anzuwenden, mit dem durch Eindrehen einer Befestigungsschraube, Gewindestange oder dgl. Gegenstände befestigbar sind.The invention is based on the object of the same anchoring principle to be used for an expansion dowel, with which by screwing in a fastening screw, Threaded rod or the like. Objects can be attached.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß der Spreizkörper als Hülse mit einem zylindrischen, ein Innengewinde aufweisenden Abschnitt ausgebildet ist, der innerhalb des ungeschlitzten Teils der Spreizhülse endet, und daß die Wandungsstärke des Spreizkonusses des Spreizkörpers zum Bohrlochgrund hin zunimmt.According to the invention this is achieved in that the expansion body as Sleeve formed with a cylindrical, internally threaded portion that ends within the unslotted part of the expansion sleeve, and that the wall thickness of the expansion cone of the expansion body increases towards the bottom of the borehole.

Die Verdickung der Wandung des Spreizkonusses zum Bohrlochgrund hin führt zu einer großflächigeren Abstützung des Spreizkörpers am Bohrlochgrund. Somit wird die in axialer Richtung wirkende Schubkraft beim Auftreiben der Spreizhülse auf den Spreizkonus auch bei weicheren Baustoffen und Beton geringerer Festigkeitsgüte ohne axiale Verschiebung des Spreizkörpers aufgenommen. Ohne diese Verdickung würde der Spreizkörper wegen seiner geringen Wandungsstärke je nach Ankergrund mehr oder weniger weit eindringen, so daß die für die Spreizung wirksame Konuslänge verringert wird. Die Verdickung der Wandungsstärke versteift auch den Spreizkonus derart, daß der unter Umständen entstehende Spreizdruck ohne elastische bzw. plastische Verformung aufgenommen wird. Insbesondere die elastische Verformung würde beim Eintreiben der Spreizhülse zu einem Federeffekt führen, der die Spreizhülse wieder in die Ausgangsstellung zurückdrückt.The thickening of the wall of the expansion cone towards the bottom of the borehole leads to a more extensive support of the expansion body at the bottom of the borehole. Consequently becomes the thrust acting in the axial direction when buoying up the expansion sleeve on the expansion cone even with softer building materials and less concrete Strength quality added without axial displacement of the expansion body. Without these The expansion body would thicken depending on the anchor base because of its low wall thickness penetrate more or less far, so that the effective cone length for the expansion is decreased. The thickening of the wall thickness also stiffens the expansion cone such that the expansion pressure that may arise without elastic or plastic Deformation is recorded. In particular, the elastic deformation would occur during driving the expansion sleeve lead to a spring effect that brings the expansion sleeve back into its starting position pushes back.

Der Innendurchmesser des hülsenförmigen Spreizkörpers entspricht dem Kerndurchmesser des in den zylindrischen Abschnitt einzubringenden Innengewindes. Da dieser Abschnitt innerhalb des ungeschlitzten Teils der Spreizhülse endet, liegt das Innengewinde sehr nahe an der Ankergrundaußenfläche. Damit sind für die Befestigung eines Gegenstandes sehr kurze Befestigungsschrauben verwendbar.The inside diameter of the sleeve-shaped expansion body corresponds to this Core diameter of the internal thread to be introduced into the cylindrical section. Since this section ends within the unslit part of the expansion sleeve, lies the internal thread very close to the outer surface of the anchor base. So that are for attachment very short fastening screws can be used for an object.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die am Bohrlochgrund aufsitzende Stirnseite des Spreizkörpers ballig ausgebildet sein. Durch die ballige Ausbildung der Stirnseite ergibt sich eine Anpassung an.die Kontur des Bohrlochgrundes, die die AbstUtzung und die Aufnahme der Schubkraft beim Eintreiben der Spreizhülse begünstigt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the at the bottom of the borehole seated end face of the expansion body be formed spherical. Due to the convex Formation of the front side results in an adaptation to the contour of the bottom of the borehole, the support and the absorption of the thrust force when driving in the expansion sleeve favored.

Schließlich kann zwischen dem Spreizkonus des Spreizkörpers und seinem zylindrischen Abschnitt eine umlaufende Nut angeordnet sein, in die die Spreizlamellen der Spreizhülse eingebogen sind. Die Spreizlamellen stützen sich damit an der durch die Nut vor dem Spreizkonus gebildeten Schulter ab. Es entsteht damit eine Sperre gegen vorzeitiges Aufspreizen. Durch Aufschlagen auf die Spreizhülse wird auch bei etwas engerem Bohrloch zunächst der Spreizkörper soweit in das Bohrloch eingetrieben, bis er am Bohrlochgrund aufsitzt. Durch einen stärkeren Schlag wird dann diese Einschlagsperre überwunden und die Aufspreizung durch weitere Schläge auf die Spreizhülse herbeigeführt.Finally, between the expansion cone of the expansion body and his cylindrical section a circumferential groove can be arranged in which the expanding lamellae of the expansion sleeve are bent. The spreading lamellas are supported by the the groove formed in front of the expansion cone shoulder. This creates a lock against premature spreading. By striking the expansion sleeve, the slightly narrower borehole, first the expansion body is driven into the borehole, until it sits on the bottom of the hole. A stronger blow will then block this impact overcome and the expansion brought about by further blows on the expansion sleeve.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen: Figur 1 das Befestigungselement in unverankertem Zustand Figur 2 das Befestigungselement nach der Verankerung.The figures show: FIG. 1 the fastening element in a non-anchored state Figure 2 the fastener after anchoring.

Der Spreizdübel nach Figur 1 und 2 besteht aus dem hülsenförmigen Spreizkörper 1 mit kegelförmigem Spreizkonus 2 und der über einen Teil ihrer Länge mit Längsschlitzen versehenen Spreizhülse 3. Die Innenbohrung 4 der Spreizhülse 3 entspricht dem Außendurchmesser des zylindrischen Teils 5 des Spreizkörpers 1, der im Bereich des ungeschlitzten Teils der Spreizhülse 3 endet. Dieser zylindrische Teil 5 ist mit einem Innengewinde 6 versehen.The expansion anchor according to Figures 1 and 2 consists of the sleeve-shaped Expansion body 1 with a conical expansion cone 2 and over part of its length expansion sleeve 3 provided with longitudinal slots. The inner bore 4 of the expansion sleeve 3 corresponds to the outer diameter of the cylindrical part 5 of the expansion body 1, which ends in the area of the unslotted part of the expansion sleeve 3. This cylindrical one Part 5 is provided with an internal thread 6.

Zur Verankerung des Spreizdübels wird dieser in das mit einer Hinterschneidung 7 vorbereitete Bohrloch 8 im Mauerwerk 9 eingesetzt. In unverankertem Zustand sind die Spreizlamellen 10 in eine umlaufende, zwischen dem Spreizkonus 2 des Spreizkörpers 1 und seinem zylindrischen Abschnitt 5 angeordnete Nut 11 eingebogen. Die dabei vor dem Spreizkonus entstehende Schulter 12 bildet eine Einschlagsperre, die das Eintreiben des Spreizdübels bis zur Anlage der Stirnseite des Spreizkörpers 1 am Bohrlochgrund auch bei engen Bohrlöchern ermöglicht. Zur verformungsfreien Aufnahme des Spreizdruckes und zur günstigeren Abstützung am Bohrlochgrund ist die Wandungsstärke des Spreizkonusses 2 zum Bohrlochgrund hin verdickt und zusätzlich ballig ausgeführt. Nach dem Aufsitzen des Spreizkörpers 1 wird durch einen stärkeren Schlag auf die Spreizhülse 3 die Einschlagsperre überwunden und die Spreizhülse auf den Spreizkonus aufgetrieben. Es entsteht somit eine formschlußähnliche Verankerung, die hohe Auszugskräfte ermöglicht. Durch Eindrehen einer Befestigungsschraube 13 in das Innengewinde 6 des Spreizkörpers 1 wird der zu befestigende Gegenstand 14 an die Außenfläche des Mauerwerks 9 verspannt.To anchor the expansion anchor, it is inserted into the with an undercut 7 prepared drill hole 8 in the masonry 9 used. Are in floating condition the expansion lamellae 10 in a circumferential, between the expansion cone 2 of the expansion body 1 and its cylindrical portion 5 arranged groove 11 bent. The one with it The shoulder 12 created in front of the expansion cone forms an impact barrier, which the Driving in the expansion anchor up to the contact of the end face of the expansion body 1 on The bottom of the borehole is also possible with narrow boreholes. For deformation-free recording the expansion pressure and for more favorable support at the bottom of the borehole is the wall thickness of the expansion cone 2 thickened towards the bottom of the borehole and also made spherical. After the expansion body 1 is seated, a stronger blow on the Expansion sleeve 3 overcome the impact lock and the expansion sleeve on the expansion cone distended. This creates a form-locking-like anchorage, the high pull-out forces enables. By screwing a fastening screw 13 into the internal thread 6 of the expansion body 1, the object to be fastened 14 is attached to the outer surface of the Masonry 9 braced.

Claims (3)

Patentansprüche fi (1J Spreizdübel für die Verankerung in konisch nach innen erweitert hergestellten Bohrlöchern, bestehend aus einem am Bohrlochgrund sich abstützenden, einen Spreizkonus aufweisenden Spreizkörper, auf dessen Spreizkonus eine über einen Teil ihrer Länge mit Längsschlitzen versehenene Spreizhülse auftreibbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spreizkörper als Hülse mit einem zylindrischen, ein Innengewinde aufweisenden Abschnitt ausgebildet ist, der innerhalb des ungeschlitzten Teils der Spreizhülse endet, und daß die Wandungsstärke des Spreizkonusses des Spreizkörpers zum Bohrlochgrund hin zunimmt. Claims fi (1J expansion anchor for anchoring in conical inwardly widened drilled holes made, consisting of one at the bottom of the borehole supporting, an expansion cone having expansion body, on the expansion cone an expansion sleeve provided with longitudinal slots over part of its length can be inflated is, characterized in that the expansion body as a sleeve with a cylindrical, an internally threaded portion is formed within the unslotted Part of the expansion sleeve ends, and that the wall thickness of the expansion cone of the expansion body increases towards the bottom of the borehole. 2. Spreizdübel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die am Bohrlochgrund aufsitzende Stirnseite des Spreizkörpers ballig ausgebildet ist. 2. Expansion anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the am Borehole bottom seated end face of the expansion body is convex. 3. Spreizdübel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Spreizkonus des Spreizkörpers und seinem zylindrischen Abschnitt eine umlaufende Nut angeordnet ist, in die die Spreizlamellen der Spreizhülse eingebogen sind. 3. Expansion dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that between the expansion cone of the expansion body and its cylindrical section a circumferential Groove is arranged into which the expansion lamellae of the expansion sleeve are bent.
DE19833315451 1983-04-28 1983-04-28 Expandable dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards Withdrawn DE3315451A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833315451 DE3315451A1 (en) 1983-04-28 1983-04-28 Expandable dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833315451 DE3315451A1 (en) 1983-04-28 1983-04-28 Expandable dowel for anchoring in drilled holes which are produced such that they expand conically inwards

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DE3315451A1 true DE3315451A1 (en) 1984-10-31

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3510163A1 (en) * 1985-03-21 1986-09-25 Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer SPREADING DOWEL FOR ANCHORING IN CONICAL EXTENSION DRILL HOLES
EP0329853A2 (en) * 1988-02-26 1989-08-30 fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Bolt anchored by impact
DE3820759A1 (en) * 1988-06-18 1989-12-21 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Expansion dowel for driving into a bore with an undercut
US4984945A (en) * 1987-09-22 1991-01-15 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Expansion dowel assembly
DE4015982A1 (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Expansible dowel with conical end - has sleeve which is expanded when driven by impact over conical end
DE4018208A1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-12-12 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Straddling dowel with expander piece and cone - has internal thread and includes sleeve and plastics part
DE4018175A1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-12-12 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Fixture system for masonry - consists of tie piece with expander sleeve, cone and holder pin with hammered in appliance
DE102006022893A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Fischer, Artur, Dr.H.C. Arrangement for naval architecture, has fixing element embodied in blind hole of component, and has shaft with expansion taper, where fixing element has expansion bolt slides to expansion taper
US20110241246A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2011-10-06 Tindall Corporation Expandable molding insert apparatus and method
EP3348846A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-18 fischerwerke GmbH & Co. KG Spreading anchor for thin plates
CN108331818A (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-27 费希尔厂有限责任两合公司 Expansion anchor for thin plate

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR653811A (en) * 1928-05-03 1929-03-28 Improvements to the fixing of railway rails on reinforced concrete or metal sleepers
DE2045107A1 (en) * 1969-09-13 1971-04-08 Adbar Ltd Insert into a hole and fixable connection or holding insert in it
DE2331467A1 (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Stumpp & Kurz Fixing of spreading fastener in concrete wall - prevents fastener from pulling loose by making accommodating hole with part frusto-conical section
DE3022414A1 (en) * 1980-06-14 1982-01-07 Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen Anchoring dowel for light construction materials - consists of cylindrical expansion element with external ribs, locking in slots during expansion
DE3124685A1 (en) * 1981-06-24 1983-01-20 Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer SPREADING DOWEL FOR ANCHORING IN CONICAL EXTENSION DRILL HOLES

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR653811A (en) * 1928-05-03 1929-03-28 Improvements to the fixing of railway rails on reinforced concrete or metal sleepers
DE2045107A1 (en) * 1969-09-13 1971-04-08 Adbar Ltd Insert into a hole and fixable connection or holding insert in it
DE2331467A1 (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Stumpp & Kurz Fixing of spreading fastener in concrete wall - prevents fastener from pulling loose by making accommodating hole with part frusto-conical section
DE3022414A1 (en) * 1980-06-14 1982-01-07 Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen Anchoring dowel for light construction materials - consists of cylindrical expansion element with external ribs, locking in slots during expansion
DE3124685A1 (en) * 1981-06-24 1983-01-20 Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer SPREADING DOWEL FOR ANCHORING IN CONICAL EXTENSION DRILL HOLES

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3510163A1 (en) * 1985-03-21 1986-09-25 Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer SPREADING DOWEL FOR ANCHORING IN CONICAL EXTENSION DRILL HOLES
US4984945A (en) * 1987-09-22 1991-01-15 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Expansion dowel assembly
EP0329853A2 (en) * 1988-02-26 1989-08-30 fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Bolt anchored by impact
EP0329853A3 (en) * 1988-02-26 1990-11-14 Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Bolt anchored by impact
DE3820759A1 (en) * 1988-06-18 1989-12-21 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Expansion dowel for driving into a bore with an undercut
DE4015982A1 (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Expansible dowel with conical end - has sleeve which is expanded when driven by impact over conical end
DE4018208A1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-12-12 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Straddling dowel with expander piece and cone - has internal thread and includes sleeve and plastics part
DE4018175A1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-12-12 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Fixture system for masonry - consists of tie piece with expander sleeve, cone and holder pin with hammered in appliance
DE102006022893A1 (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Fischer, Artur, Dr.H.C. Arrangement for naval architecture, has fixing element embodied in blind hole of component, and has shaft with expansion taper, where fixing element has expansion bolt slides to expansion taper
US20110241246A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2011-10-06 Tindall Corporation Expandable molding insert apparatus and method
US8807982B2 (en) * 2010-04-05 2014-08-19 Tindall Corporation Expandable molding insert apparatus and method
EP3348846A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-18 fischerwerke GmbH & Co. KG Spreading anchor for thin plates
CN108331818A (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-27 费希尔厂有限责任两合公司 Expansion anchor for thin plate
TWI737886B (en) * 2017-01-17 2021-09-01 德商費希爾廠有限責任兩合公司 An expansion anchor used for a thin board

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