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DE3249911C2 - Wind turbine - Google Patents

Wind turbine

Info

Publication number
DE3249911C2
DE3249911C2 DE3249911A DE3249911A DE3249911C2 DE 3249911 C2 DE3249911 C2 DE 3249911C2 DE 3249911 A DE3249911 A DE 3249911A DE 3249911 A DE3249911 A DE 3249911A DE 3249911 C2 DE3249911 C2 DE 3249911C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotor head
wind turbine
working position
pivot axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE3249911A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Franz Xaver Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7030 Boeblingen De Wortmann
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. 7400 Tuebingen De Mickeler
Michael Dipl.-Ing. 7300 Esslingen De Mayer
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. 7000 Stuttgart De Schultes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AERO-DYNAMIK-CONSULT GMBH, 7000 STUTTGART, DE
Original Assignee
Aero-Dynamik-Consult 7000 Stuttgart De GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aero-Dynamik-Consult 7000 Stuttgart De GmbH filed Critical Aero-Dynamik-Consult 7000 Stuttgart De GmbH
Priority to DE3249911A priority Critical patent/DE3249911C2/en
Priority claimed from DE19823204541 external-priority patent/DE3204541A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3249911C2 publication Critical patent/DE3249911C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/065Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/20Rotors
    • F05B2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to describe as simple a construction as possible for shifting the rotor head Go of the turbine into a park position. For this purpose the rotor head Go is supported so that it can swivel about a swivel axis Sa, which is inclined in relation to the horizontal plane so that the rotor shaft can be swivelled out of its horizontal working position into the vertical park position. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Windturbine nach dem Oberbe­ griff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a wind turbine according to the Oberbe handle of claim 1.

Aus Sicherheitsgründen muß die Turbine sowohl willkürlich als auch automatisch abgestellt werden können. Üblicherweise bringt man dazu symmetrische Rotoren in die sogenannte Segelstellung. Für Einblatt-Rotoren mit passiver Windrich­ tungssteuerung ist bereits ein Hochkippen der Rotorwelle vorgeschlagen worden. Dies hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß besondere Maßnahmen getroffen werden müssen, um zu vermeiden, daß der Rotorkopf bei dieser Schwenkbewegung um eine waage­ rechte Achse mit dem Turm zusammenstößt.For safety reasons, the turbine must be both arbitrary can also be turned off automatically. Usually you bring symmetrical rotors into the so-called Feathering. For single-bladed rotors with passive Windrich control is already tilting up the rotor shaft been proposed. However, this has the disadvantage that special measures must be taken to avoid that the rotor head during this pivoting movement by a balance right axis collides with the tower.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, für die Bewegung des Rotorkopfes in die Parkstellung eine möglichst einfache Konstruktion anzugeben.The invention is based on the object for the movement the rotor head in the park position as simple as possible Specify construction.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst. This object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1 solved.  

Dadurch, daß gemäß der Erfindung die Schwenkachse gegenüber der Horizontalebene geneigt ist, bildet sie mit der in der Arbeitsstellung im wesentlichen waagerecht verlaufen­ den Rotorwelle einen spitzen Winkel, so daß die Rotorwelle und damit der Rotorkopf beim Schwenken um diese Schwenkachse sich auf einem Kegelmantel bewegen. Durch geeignete Wahl der Neigung der Schwenkachse kann erreicht werden, daß beim Schwenken des Rotorkopfes aus der Arbeitsstellung in die Parkstellung und zurück der Rotorkopf um den Turm herumbewegt wird. Beträgt hierbei die Neigung der Schwenk­ achse gegenüber der Horizontalen 45°, dann wird die Rotor­ welle aus der im wesentlichen waagerechten Arbeitsstellung beim Schwenken um 180° um die Schwenkachse in eine vertikale Parkstellung geschwenkt.Characterized in that according to the invention, the pivot axis opposite the horizontal plane, it forms with the in the working position is essentially horizontal the rotor shaft at an acute angle so that the rotor shaft and thus the rotor head when swiveling around this swivel axis move on a cone shell. By suitable choice the inclination of the pivot axis can be achieved that when swiveling the rotor head out of the working position in the park position and back the rotor head around the tower is moved around. Here is the inclination of the pan axis to the horizontal 45 °, then the rotor shaft from the essentially horizontal working position when swiveling 180 ° around the swivel axis into a vertical Parking position swiveled.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist nach Anspruch 3 ausgebildet. Dadurch ist die Energie für die Bewegung des Rotorkopfes aus der Arbeitsstellung in die Parkstellung bei der Arbeitsstellung gespeichert, so daß der Rotorkopf auf seiner Bahn in die Parkstellung fällt. Das Abstellen in die Parkstellung muß daher lediglich ausgelöst werden. Bei passender Wahl einer mechanischen Verstärkung kann die Auslösung durch kleine Kräfte oder Wege von verschiedenen Stellen her erfolgen. Der Abstellvorgang kann willkürlich oder z.B. dann ausgelöst werden, wenn:A further advantageous embodiment is according to claim 3 educated. This is the energy for the movement of the Rotor head from the working position to the park position saved in the working position so that the rotor head falls into the parking position on its path. The parking in the park position must therefore only be triggered. With a suitable choice of mechanical reinforcement the release by small forces or paths of different Manufacture done. The shutdown process can be arbitrary or e.g. are triggered if:

  • a) der Regelbereich für Drehzahl oder Moment bei zunehmendem Wind erschöpft ist,a) the control range for speed or torque with increasing Wind is exhausted
  • b) ungewöhnliche Unwuchten auftreten, z.B. bei Vereisung,b) unusual imbalances occur, e.g. in case of icing,
  • c) die Lagertemperaturen zu hoch werden,c) the storage temperatures become too high,
  • d) ein zu großes Moment auftritt.d) an excessive moment occurs.

Durch entsprechende Wahl des Abstandes des Schwerpunktes des Rotorkopfes von der Schwenkachse kann die Schwenkgeschwin­ digkeit des Rotorkopfes passend eingestellt werden.By appropriate choice of the distance of the center of gravity of the rotor head from the swivel axis can swing speed rotor head can be adjusted appropriately.

Die Erfindung ist in der folgenden Beschreibung an Hand der Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert.The invention is described in the following description the drawing explained in detail.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1 und 2 schematisch vereinfachte Vertikal­ schnitte des oberen Teils des Turmes und des mittleren Teils des Rotorkopfes in seiner Arbeits­ stellung mit horizontaler Rotor­ welle bzw. in seiner Parkstellung mit vertikaler Rotorwelle. Fig. 1 and 2 schematically simplified vertical cross-sections of the upper part of the tower and of the central part of the rotor head in its working position with a horizontal rotor shaft, or in its parking position with a vertical rotor shaft.

Am oberen Ende eines Turmes T ist der als Gondel ausgebil­ dete Rotorkopf Go um eine zur Horizontalebene geneigte Achse Sa schwenkbar gelagert. Mit dem schwenkbaren Lagerteil St ist der Lagerträger B des Lagers Ba der Rotorwelle Ra verbunden. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß sich der Schwerpunkt S des Rotorkopfes Go in dessen Arbeitsstellung mit horizontaler Rotorwelle (Fig. 1) in einem Abstand über der Schwenkachse Sa befindet.At the upper end of a tower T , the rotor head Go, designed as a gondola, is pivotably mounted about an axis Sa inclined to the horizontal plane. The bearing bracket B of the bearing Ba of the rotor shaft Ra is connected to the pivotable bearing part St. The arrangement is such that the center of gravity S of the rotor head Go is in its working position with the horizontal rotor shaft ( FIG. 1) at a distance above the pivot axis Sa.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Endlage nach Auslösung des Vorganges für die Bewegung des Rotorkopfes in die Parkstellung. Dabei hat der Rotorkopf Go eine halbe Umdrehung um die Schwenkachse Sa gemacht. Der Schwerpunkt S, der zunächst oberhalb der Schwenkachse Sa liegt, hat jetzt seine tiefste Lage angenom­ men. Bei vertikaler Rotorwelle Ra kommt der Rotor bereits bei sehr kleinen Bremsmomenten zur Ruhe. Fig. 2 shows the end position after triggering the process for the movement of the rotor head into the park position. The rotor head Go has made half a turn about the swivel axis Sa. The center of gravity S , which is initially above the swivel axis Sa , has now assumed its lowest position. With a vertical rotor shaft Ra , the rotor comes to rest even with very small braking torques.

Claims (3)

1. Windturbine mit mindestens einem in einem Rotorkopf (Go) gelagerten Rotor, dessen Welle (Ra) um eine Schwenk­ achse (Sa) aus der im wesentlichen waagerechten Arbeits­ stellung in eine Parkstellung schwenkbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwenkachse (Sa) gegenüber der Horizontalebene geneigt ist.1. Wind turbine with at least one rotor head (Go) mounted rotor, the shaft (Ra) of which is pivotable about a pivot axis (Sa) from the substantially horizontal working position into a parking position, characterized in that the pivot axis (Sa) opposite the horizontal plane is inclined. 2. Windturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotorwelle (Ra) in der Parkstellung im wesent­ lichen vertikal angeordnet ist.2. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor shaft (Ra) is arranged vertically in the parking position in wesent union. 3. Windturbine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß der Schwerpunkt (S) des Rotorkopfes (Go) in einem Abstand von der Schwenkachse (Sa) so angeordnet ist, daß er sich in der Parkstellung unterhalb seiner Lage in der Arbeitsstellung befindet.3. Wind turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center of gravity (S) of the rotor head (Go) is arranged at a distance from the pivot axis (Sa) so that it is in the park position below its position in the working position .
DE3249911A 1982-02-10 1982-02-10 Wind turbine Expired DE3249911C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3249911A DE3249911C2 (en) 1982-02-10 1982-02-10 Wind turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823204541 DE3204541A1 (en) 1982-02-10 1982-02-10 SINGLE BLADE TURBINE FLAIR WITH ELASTIC LINKS AND MECHANICAL CONTROL AND SAFETY DEVICES
DE3249911A DE3249911C2 (en) 1982-02-10 1982-02-10 Wind turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3249911C2 true DE3249911C2 (en) 1989-04-13

Family

ID=25799484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE3249911A Expired DE3249911C2 (en) 1982-02-10 1982-02-10 Wind turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3249911C2 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379857A (en) * 1944-05-26 1945-07-10 Bakke Olaf Wind wheel generator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379857A (en) * 1944-05-26 1945-07-10 Bakke Olaf Wind wheel generator

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