DE3114843C2 - Method for processing round wood and device for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing round wood in all-sided trimmed boards, beams or the like. In a first step in the longitudinal direction the round wood is progressively flattened on two opposite sides parallel to the round wood longitudinal axis (3). So far, after this work step, the round timber was rotated by 90 ° and placed on a machined side in order to cut off the side boards that were created after machining the trimmed edges. According to the invention, the method is simplified by the fact that forest edges (17) remaining during the first operation are milled out by trimming and chipping tools (10, 10Δ, 10ΔΔ) approximately parallel to the log longitudinal axis (3) and the resulting side boards (13) are milled by sawing tools (11 ) are separated (Fig. 2). The Besäumzerspaner (10, 10Δ, 10ΔΔ) are vertically moved together during the operation so that a trimming edge perpendicular to the tool axis (12) and approximately parallel to the log axis (2) is created. The method according to the invention thus requires fewer work steps, so that after a first step it only requires a 90 ° turn and a second step, which is largely identical to the first step, in order to process a raw log into finished products.

Description

a) Flatten the log on two opposite sides parallel to the log axis will,

characterized by the steps following this first process step:

b) that parts of the forest edges (17) are milled approximately parallel to the log axis (3) on four sides will,

c) that the side boards (13) are sawn off in the same position of the round timber,

d) that the log is turned by 90 °,

e) that steps a) to c) are repeated.

2. Process in which the edges of the forest with Besäumzerspanem be milled out, according to claim 1, characterized in that the trimmers (10, 10 ', 10 ") before a work step in a symmetrical position of the side board to be trimmed (13) relative to the log axis (3) are brought to the determining starting position.

3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, with a transport device, at least one downstream profile hogger and at least two edging hoggers with cutting knives for cutting out the forest edges, characterized in that the tool axes (12) the edger (10, 10 ', 10 ") relative to a vertical line (15) at an angle (16) are inclined, which corresponds to the angle (4) between the log axis (3) and a horizontal line (5).

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the Besäumzerspaner (10 ') in addition to the Cutting knives (19) is provided with scoring knives (21), which act as a side cutting edge in the direction of rotation (23) are arranged in front of the cutting knife (19).

5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the cutting knife (19 ") with Secondary cutting edges (25) are provided that in addition to the secondary cutting edges (25) in the direction of rotation (23) trailing finishing knives (26) are provided, which are approximately in the cutting plane of the secondary cutting edge (25) lie.

6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cutting knife (19, 19 ", 21, 26) the edger (10,10 ', 10 ") have a common cutting circle diameter.

7. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the edger (10,10 ', 10 ") at least are mounted vertically displaceable.

The invention relates to a method for processing round wood and a device for implementing it of the method according to the preamble of claim 1 or 3.

Such a method and device are known from DE-OS 29 28 949. In this method the log is first flattened on two opposite sides, then turned to flatten the other two opposite long sides. Then the forest edges the last machined side surfaces milled out and the associated side boards cut off. Afterward the tree trunk is turned again to mill out the remaining forest edges and then the Separate associated side boards. With this method, the position of the log axis when milling out the forest edges are not taken into account. Rather, the forest edges are each parallel to the transport level of the round timber milled out. As a result, the trunk cross-section cannot be used optimally. In addition, the process is cumbersome and time-consuming as a result of the frequent turning processes. The multiple Turning in the known device also has the disadvantage that for this purpose separate turning devices are required, which are set up one after the other in the system according to the process sequence Need to become. This means that the system is relatively long.

Also in the method according to US-PS 33 04 971 are correspondingly as in the generic State of the art first flattened all sides of the log. Then the side boards are cut off and only then removed the forest edges from the side boards.

According to the method according to US-PS 34 57 978, two forest edges are first on one side of the log milled out and then cut off the associated side board. The log is then placed on a guideway deflected and then processed the opposite log side accordingly.

Also with the state of the art according to the references "HOB, die Holzverarbeitung" 1967 and "Hawker Siddeley, Canada Ltd. «is first applied to the top and bottom of the tree trunk to remove the forest canals milled a step profile, then flattened two opposite sides of the log and finally the wooden prism separated.

The invention is based on the object of a method and a device of the generic type to be trained so that with little effort and time and with the most space-saving accommodation possible the associated system an optimal utilization of the trunk cross-section is possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention with a method and a device of the generic type solved with the characterizing features of claims 1 and 3, respectively.

The method according to the invention eliminates the one turning process or the one 90 ° turn the flattening of the first two parallel long sides of the tree trunk. This allows the procedure considerably simplified and, in particular, the associated system considerably more space-saving and cost-effective be trained. The omission of this turning process means that one turning device is no longer necessary and the transport route including the system including the installation room with foundation and property area get shorter and smaller. Since the edger

ner in the method according to the invention during the milling of the forest edges at the same time together can be adjusted in height so that the finished milled forest edges parallel to that in the direction of transport of the round timber run obliquely backwards and upwards inclined round timber axis, a largest possible Utilization of the trunk cross-section can be achieved. Before processing the Rundhoices, take appropriate care Measuring devices for a favorable position of the tools; especially the tools for Production of the forest edges that run approximately parallel to the wood axis are optimal in relation to the round wood set. The log is turned 90 ° after the first two side boards have been cut. The remaining wood curves can now be flattened and the edges of the forest milled out so that an im Cross-section of square timber remains.

Since the unprocessed round wood accrues like grown for processing, is in the invention Device a compensating angular position of the edger intended. Can be used further to produce a smooth edging edge and to increase it Wood chips are arranged leading or trailing scoring or slitting knives in the direction of rotation. It is Although it is already known to make a cut using a saw blade to create smooth trimmed edges, However, such processing is very energy-intensive and reduces the proportion that can be used further Wood chips. The device according to the invention makes it smaller with minimal expenditure of energy Drive power of the edger, a high incidence of wood chips, achieved at the same time an extremely even edging edge is achieved.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawings.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings described. It shows

F i g. IA to ID each represent the cross-section of a log in different processing stages,

F i g. 2 a processing device according to the invention in a schematic representation,

F i g. 3 shows a section along the line III-II1 in FIG. 2,

F i g. 4A an edge trimmer according to the invention in the working position,

4B shows the edger according to FIG. 4A in plan view,

F i g. 5A shows a further exemplary embodiment of a trimmer in working position,

F i g. 5B shows a plan view of the edger according to FIG. 5A.

When processing a round timber 1 to a square timber, the cross-section changes in the individual Work steps according to the F i g. 1A through 10. Figures 1A through 10 are above FIG. 2 at the associated processing point shown, which is indicated by the arrows drawn. F i g. ID shows the cross section of the unprocessed log 1 lying on an intake conveyor 2. The centric log axis 3 is inclined with respect to a horizontal 5 (angle 4). The round timber 1 is in the feed direction (Arrow 6) moves and runs through a machining device 7 in a side-centered manner. When entering the device the round timber 1 on the right and left side by means of profile chippers 8 arranged in pairs flattened plane-parallel (Fig. IC). The dlano-parallel side surfaces formed in the process form the first wide one Board side 9 of side boards 13 to be separated later (Fig. IA).

The round timber 1 is then fed in the unchanged position to subsequent edging chippers ok, with it is precisely guided by guide rollers (not shown). With the edger, part of the remaining forest edge 17 removed by milling, with narrow sides 14 of the side board to be separated 13 are formed. The edger 10 are arranged so that their tool axes 12 opposite a vertical 15 are inclined at an angle 16 which is approximately the same size as the angle 4. The edger 10 are controlled vertically to the log 1 adjusted during the machining process, so that the board axis of the side board 13 to be separated later runs approximately parallel to the log axis 3 and how it is inclined upwards against the feed direction 6 so that it forms an angle with the horizontal 5, which corresponds to the angle 4.

The edger 10 are preferably mounted on brackets, thereby reducing the inclination of the edger Can be adjusted. The consoles are movable with respect to guides so that they are in a vertical position Direction can be moved independently and continuously. In addition, the starting position the edger can be changed for the log to be processed.

In this case, the distance between a left and right edging chipper pair, measured perpendicular to the feed direction 6, is adjustable from each other.

To set the Besäumzerspaner 10 in a starting position and to adjust their position during the Processing of the round timber is preferably provided a control 30, which has a measuring device 31 scans the dimensions of the log to be processed. Advantageously, the edger after Passage of the respective round timber returned from its inclined position to its original position, which corresponds to the center of the subsequent log diameter.

The necessary positive or negative slope that the tools follow for the next round timber is done by measuring the start and end diameter of the next round timber to be processed determined. The trimmers 10 are then moved to the determined optimal position via the controller 30 brought and put back in the starting position after the processing of the round timber. To have a trouble-free Return of the edger to their original position

To ensure this, the logs to be processed follow one another at short intervals.

Advantageously, guides are provided for the trimmed round timber, which are aligned with the forest edges generated in the previous work step. These guides are connected to the console of the edger and how they are inclined relative to the horizontal according to the angle of inclination of the side board axis.
Before leaving the device 7, the side boards 13 machined on three sides are separated from the log 1 by sawing tools such as circular saws 11, the fourth board side of the side board 13 opposite the broad board side 9 being produced. Thus, the first pair of opposing side surfaces of the round timber 1 is machined plane-parallel in one operation without the need to change the position of the log 1, with the side boards 13 abee-

be separated.

In Fig. 3 is the arrangement of the pairs of trimmers 10 shown. The vertical distance 18 of the Besäumzerspaner 10 of a Besäumzerspanerpaares is determined the height of the side board to be cut 13.

When the round timber 1 to be processed has been rotated by 90 ° after the first processing step, can it can be fed to the device 7 again in order to make the wood roundings still existing in the previously described Way to work, being on two opposite sides of the log each another side board 13 is separated. The remaining main beam of the round timber 1 can be further processed into squared lumber or individual boards.

Cutting data for the products to be manufactured are advantageously entered into the controller 30, so that the data determined by the measuring device 31 and the cutting data are optimally matched to one another can be in order to ensure the greatest possible utilization of wood of the round timber 1 to be processed.

In order to achieve a better utilization of wood, several side boards 13 should advantageously be separated with the Besäumzerspanem for the side boards to be separated off at the same time several recesses are cut in the forest edge of the log or model. The belonging Side boards can be used directly in the same operation or individually or together in a subsequent one Sawing system are separated. It can also be advantageous to work with the edger in one operation cut off a side board and cut the remaining model in a subsequent sawing system to separate the desired products.

In a simple device for carrying out the method described above, the edging chippers in the vertical direction directly through the log, including the one with the consoles the edger cooperating guides, which rest on the edges of the forest, are used can.

With the Besäumzerspanem 10 according to FIG. 4A becomes a slightly undulating processing surface in the log 1 20 and a narrow side 14 of the side board 13 to be separated is generated. When processing the round timber cut cutting knife 19 from wood chips, which by a scoring knife 21 (Fig.4B) from the Narrow side 14 have been separated. The wave-shaped processing surface 20 is directly through the Cutting the chopping knife 19 is generated. The scoring knife 21 is in the direction of rotation 23 with the smallest possible distance attached in front of the cutting knife 19. The flight circle of the tip of the scoring knife 21 is approximately on the flight circle of the cutting knife 19. This arrangement of the knife 19 and 21 ensures that the narrow sides 14 are flat and produce wood chips that are largely cut in the same way and that can be produced qualitatively high-quality products such as chipboard and cellulose are suitable. The timber yield of the round timber 1 can thus be increased further.

With the Besäumzerspanem 10 "according to Fig.5A and FIG. 5B is the edge of the wood 1 by a main cutting edge 24 and a secondary cutting edge 25 of the Cutting knife 19 "machined, with a slight wave-shaped, vertical processing surface 20 and a horizontal, flat wooden surface (Fig. 5A) are generated, which corresponds to the narrow side 14 of a side board 13 to be separated. To by the relatively high The roughness of the wood generated by the feed and any tears in the area of branches can be reworked, cuts into Direction of rotation 23 the cutting knife 19 "downstream finishing knife 26 of the edger 10" again a thin chip from the narrow side 14, so that a largely flat, smooth surface is formed. The narrow board sides are given a higher quality surface and form with the broad sides very sharp board edges. The finishing knife 26 lies under the cutting knife with the smallest possible distance 19 ", with the outer end of the knife edge of the layer knife 26 on the cutting circle of the cutting edge of the cutting knife 19 "is located.

With a trimming chipper 10 'or 10 ", a high quality can thus be achieved with a low drive power Narrow side can be generated, resulting in wood chips suitable for further use.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Method for processing round wood in boards, beams or the like trimmed on all sides, in which the tree trunk is progressively flattened on opposite sides in the longitudinal direction, the forest edges are partially milled out at right angles on four sides, that on two each other opposite sides of the trunk each have a side board delimited by two milling cutters is separated by a saw cut so that the remains of the four forest edges are completely milled out and that on the sides of the trunk which are perpendicular to the dividing surfaces of the first side board a further side board is cut off each time, as a first step