DE3029933C2 - Method and apparatus for vaporizing a thermally volatilizable chemical agent - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for Evaporation of a thermally vaporizable chemical agent Heat a plate into which the chemical agent has been incorporated is, in the presence of a thin metal foil.

Evaporating plates, to whose typical representatives electric Mosquito control mats, for example, will be used for controlling insects and fungi or for repelling Insects by heating on an electrically heatable plate, which causes the chemical agents contained therein ver evaporate or volatilize. Such evaporation plates are usually prepared by coating or impregnating a substrate, such as a plate, the mainly composed of pulp or asbestos fibers, with a Solution or dispersion containing the thermally vaporizable chemi containing ash agent, and drying of the beschich in this way teten or impregnated substrate.

However, the previously known evaporation plates have the Nach part that the incorporated into the plate chemical agent in the Heat does not evaporate evenly and in a large rest remains in the substrate. Although the evaporation can  of the chemical agent by more heating it be accelerated to the substrate, but this leads to that a majority of the chemical agent contained in the substrate thermally decomposed. In addition, there is a risk that through too much local heating containing the chemical agent Slab stewed.

From DE-GM 16 91 286 is a method and an apparatus for vaporizing a thermally volatilizable chemical agent by heating a plate containing the chemical agent known, the evaporation surface is partially covered is. However, this leads to uneven evaporation of the chemical agent.

From GB-PS 337 311 it is known to use a paper web with a chemical agent impregnated and on both sides of a thin metal foil is covered, heat on both sides to the in the paper web chemical agent continuously to evaporate. This sandwiched between two metal guide However, arranged webs paper web has no free upper surface, which contains a uniform release of the therein chemical agent by evaporation.

The object of the invention was to provide a method and a Vorrich tion for thermal evaporation of a chemical agent ent wrap, giving a more complete and more uniform evaporation Fung is achieved at a temperature that is a thermal Decomposition of the agent to be evaporated largely excludes.

This object is achieved by one hand on the one hand
a method of vaporizing a thermally vaporizable chemical by heating a plate in which the chemical agent is incorporated in the presence of a thin metal foil characterized in that the back of the plate is placed on a hot plate and heated while at least minde a quarter of its evaporation surface is covered by a thin metal foil which is permeable to the vapor of the chemical agent; and on the other hand
a device for carrying out the method described above, which is characterized by a heating plate for laying and heating an evaporation plate of a sub strate and a retained by the substrate thermally evaporable agent and means for covering at least a quarter of the heated from the back of the Evaporating plate facing away evaporation surface with a thin metal foil, which is permeable to the vapor of the chemical agent, wherein the heating plate and the cover means are arranged so that their opposite surfaces come in contact with the insertion of the evaporation plate.

According to the inventive method and using the Device according to the invention, it is possible to evaporate the more complete and uniform chemical agent evaporate at the same time less thermal decomposition, since the inventively provided metal foil on the heated th surface opposite side is arranged, d. H. does not come into direct contact with the heat source, but le This serves to ensure a uniform evaporation of the che mixing agent from the substrate impregnated therewith, without undesirable decomposition of the agent.

The intended as a coating metal foil is used to that of the Back of the evaporating plate supplied heat evenly distribute over the evaporation surface, thus a uniform evaporation of the chemical agent contained therein without making it to a local overburden heat and thus an undesirable decomposition comes.

According to the invention it is possible that chemical agent is effective exploit and volatilize to the desired extent  to achieve, by controlling the vapor permeability of the Metal foil the evaporation rate of the chemical Agent can be adjusted to the particular needs.

Preferably, at least half of the evaporation surface is the plate covered by the thin metal foil, the preferential a variety of perforations for passing the Has vapor of the chemical agent.

Used according to a preferred embodiment of the invention you get a plate whose layer is made of a thin metal foil a coating film of a finely divided metal and a film-forming resin exists.

Preferably, a plate is used whose evaporation top surface has a projection.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention you put a plate from a substrate with the contained therein NEN chemical agent on the hot plate on and on the plate is a fastening device, preferably a frame, with a thin metal foil to cover at least one quarter the thus contacted evaporation surface be consolidates.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Device is the evaporation plate against the heating plate by means of a perforated metal foil or a metal ent holding foil can be pressed, wherein the film with a lid connected to an evaporation opening and the lid on a housing receiving the heating plate is mounted.

Under the term "thin metal foil" used here is too understand a foil or plate that is only made of a metal has been put, or a movie or a slide out of a finely divided metal using a film-forming Resin has been produced.  

Examples of useful thin metal foils are films or Metal plates made by rolling, Films made of metal by vacuum evaporation or plating have been made, and films made from a metal powder and a film-forming resin-containing coating mass have been produced. Although by coating or vacuum-deposited films generally for Vapors of chemical agents are permeable, the Me tallfolien or plates are perforated in a suitable manner, for example, by punching, and thus better for these vapors be made permeable.

As used herein, the term "a surface having such thin metal foil cover "refers to the usual way the covering or covering and also on the application of a thin metal foil on the surface by fixing, vacuum vapor deposition, plating or coating.

It was found that when the evaporation plate he is heated while covered with a thin metal foil is the chemical agent contained in the plate in one significantly improved grade can be effectively evaporated at at the same time greatly reduced thermal decomposition and lower residues.

As inventively retained the supplied heat and also is distributed horizontally by the presence of a thin metal Foil, which is at least partially a thermal evaporation covered by a chemical agent containing the substrate, the Substrate are uniformly heated by this and the chemical Agent in the substrate can be effectively evaporated, without being decomposed or remaining in the substrate.

For the substrates usable for the evaporation plates they can be of different materials, as commonly used for plates of this type.  Examples of useful materials are papers, not woven fabrics, or woven fabrics of organic fibers, such as Natural fibers, animal or vegetable fibers, regenerated Fibers and synthetic fibers, foamed moldings Resins and plates, which are made of ceramics or inorganic powders such as perlite, diatomaceous earth, silica xid, alumina, alumina-silica, calcium carbo nat and titanium dioxide. The thickness, shape and area of the substrate are not subject to any special restrictions, they will However, appropriately determined z. B. depending on the before intended use and the type of heater used direction, with the substrate on the heating plate  is placed to heat the chemical agent to evaporate from it. As a rule, the substrate lies in Shape of a plate with a thickness of about 0.5 to about 4 mm, preferably from about 1.0 to about 3.0 mm. at Use in usual electrical mosquito control facilities, for example, the size of the evaporator surface of the substrate within the range of about 1 to about 100 cm². In terms of lightness For production and use, the substrate is preferred wise rectangular, square, triangular, rhombic, circle shaped or oval in plan view. On average, the sub strat in principle rectangular, but can also be L-shaped, trapezoidal like, concave, convex or otherwise curved or be bent. The substrate usually has a smooth Surface on its front side (evaporation surface) as well as on its back (surface to be heated), can but also have a rough surface. The substrate may be in the form of a hollow cylinder. In this case can the cylindrical substrate are heated from the inside or the outside, to cause the chemical agent to escape from its exterior side or its inside evaporated and it can too about the same thickness as stated above. The sub strat can with a on its evaporation surface Projection (a survey) be provided so that the Be Use the evaporation plate lightly with your finger or a nail for detecting the projection (the Erhe exercise) can remove when the plate in a heater should be used or removed from this. before Preferably, the projection (the survey) is at least about 0.1 mm, in particular about 0.1 to about 2 mm, of the  Evaporation surface before. The projection (the survey) can be in any desired location in any ge desired shape and size be provided. In general he (she) is shaped along a part or the whole Volume of the evaporation plate. In case of a right For example, it is preferred to use an angular evaporation plate. the projection (the survey) at least on one of their long or short edges. The lead (the Er Lifting) is performed on a flat substrate by pressing, through Fixing a protruding part to a flat substrate, by forming the projection simultaneously with the Shaping the substrate using a suitable Shape or using any other desirable th procedure formed or formed. If the substrate has such a projection (collection), it is because of Projection (the survey) the insertion and removal of the Evaporating plate facilitates and also the substrate ver strengthens, not required, the plate for this purpose make it thick and the plate can be thin. Consequently the plate can be heated evenly faster and it becomes a higher degree of effective evaporation (Volatilization or evaporation) achieved in another Decrease of thermal decomposition and residue.

In the retained by the substrate thermal ver it is volatile (volatile) chemical agents to various active agents, previously used to Be fighting (controlling) and repelling vermin, fungi and the like, used for smoking and for other purposes were. Typical examples of such chemicals are  the following:

(1) insecticides 1-A pyrethroids

• (1) 3-Allyl-2-methylcyclopent-2-en-4-one-1-yl-dl-cis / trans chrysanthemat (commonly referred to as allethrin, he under the trademark "Pynamin", a product the company Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (2) an optical isomer of allethrin (available at the trademark "Pynamin-forte", a product of the Fa. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan, hereinafter referred to as "Pynamin-forte");
• (3) a stereo- and optical isomer of allethrin (he under the trademark "Exrin", a product the company Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (4) a stereo- and optical isomer of allethrin (he under the trademark "Bioallethrin" Product of Soci't' Roussel-Uclaf, France);
• (5) N- (3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide) methyl-dl-cis / trans chrysanthemat (commonly referred to as "phthalthrin", available under the trademark "Neopynamine", a Product of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (6) α-Cyano-3'-phenoxybenzyl-α-isopropyl-4-chlorophenyl acetate (commonly referred to as "fenvalerate", he under the trademark "Sumicidin", a pro manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (7) 5-Benzyl-3-furylmethyl-dl-cis / trans-chrysanthemate (commonly referred to as "resmethrin", available at the trademark "Chrysron", a product of the Fa. Sumiomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);  
• (8) an optical isomer of resmethrin (available at the trademark "Chrysron-forte", a product of Fa. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan;
• (9) 5-propargyl-3-furylmethyl chrysanthemate (commonly referred to as "Furamethrin");
• (10) 2-Methyl-5-propargyl-3-furylmethyl chrysanthemate (commonly referred to as "proparthrin");
• (11) 3-phenoxybenzyl-dl-cis / trans-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) - 2,2-dimethyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxylate (commonly referred to as "Permethrin", available under the goods sign "Exmin", a product of the company Sumitomo Chemi cal Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (12) 3-phenoxybenzyl-d-cis / trans chrysanthemate (general as "phenothrin", available under the goods sign "Sumithrin", a product of the company Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan, hereinafter referred to as "Sumithrin" designated);

1-B organophosphorus insecticides

• (1) O, O-dimethyl-O- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate (general referred to as "DDVP");
• (2) O, O-dimethyl-S- (1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl) phosphorodithioate (commonly referred to as "malathion");
• (3) O, O-dimethyl-O- (3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate (commonly referred to as "Sumithion");
• (4) O, O-Diethyl-O- (2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) -phosphine phorthionate (commonly referred to as "diazinon");

1-C carbamate

• (1) 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate;  
• (2) 2-isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate;

(2) Industrial Fungicides

• (1) 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (available under the trademark "Irgasan DP 300", a product Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Switzerland, hereinafter referred to as "Irgasan DP 300");
• (2) Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (commonly referred to as "Benzalkonium chloride");
• (3) 2- (4'-thiazolyl) benzimidazole (hereinafter referred to as "TBZ") designated);
• (4) p-chloro-m-xylenol (hereinafter referred to as "PCMX");
• (5) Benzyldimethyl- {2- [2- (p-1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylphen oxy) ethoxy] ethyl} ammonium chloride;
• (6) salicylic acid;
• (7) N- (3 ', 5'-dichlorophenyl) -1,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarb oximide (available under the trademark "Sumilex", a product of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);
• (8) S-n-butyl-S'-p-tert-butylbenzyl-N-3-pyridyldithio carbonimidate (available under the trademark "Den mert ", a product of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan);

(3) antiseptics

• (1) α-bromo-cinnamaldehyde;
• (2) N, N-dimethyl-N-phenyl-N '- (fluorodichloromethylthio) sulfamide;

(4) Agricultural fungicides

• (1) tetrachloroisophthalonitrile;
• (2) 2,4-dichloro-6- (o-chloroanilino) -1,3,5-triazine;
• (3) ethyl p, p'-dichlorobenzylate;

(5) Plant Growth Regulators

• (1) 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
• (2) gibberellin;
• (3) N- (dimethylamino) succinamide;
• (4) α-naphthylacetamide;

(6) herbicides

• (1) sodium 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate;
• (2) 3,4-dichloropropionanilide;

(7) repellents

• (1) N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (D.E.T.);
• (2) di-n-propyl isocin chomeronate;
• (3) Di-n-butyl succinate.

Among the above thermally volatilizable (volatile) Chemicals are the insecticides for the invention proper use more suitable. These chemicals can together with any synergistica, deodorants, par füms and the like., Which are usually used verwen be. Preferred examples of synergistica are Pi peronylbutylate, N-propylisome, "MGK-264" (a product of McLaughlin, Gormley King Co., USA), "Cynepirin-222" (a product of Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Japan), "Cynepirin-500" (a product of Yoshi  Tomi Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Japan), "Lethane 384 "(a product of Rohm and Haas Company, USA), "IBTA" (a product of Nippon Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan), "S-421" (a product of Sanyo Chemical Indu stries, Ltd., Japan). Preferred deodorants are lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and the like, citral and citronellal used as perfume preferred.

The substrate serves to thermally vaporizable (volatile tige) chemical agent before or simultaneously with or after to restrain the formation of the thin metal foil. The chemical agent is prepared using a standard Ver driving, for example by impregnation, dripping, Coating, spraying or printing on the substrate applied. The chemical agent and the material for the production Position of the substrate can be kneaded together and then formed into the evaporating plate. before Preferably, the chemical agent is by dissolving the agent in petroleum ether, n-hexane or a similar organic Solvent in an amount about 10 times the Weight of the agent corresponds, together with the ge desired additives, by impregnating the substrate with the solution and remove the solvent from the sub strat by drying on the substrate. The Substrate is filled with a solution of chemical agent to the saturation amount, preferably in an amount that corresponds to about half of the saturation amount, impregnated.

The evaporation plate used in the method according to the invention is characterized characterized records that on the evaporation surface of the substrate  A thin metal foil is applied to the vapor of the chemical agent retained by the plate is casual. Materials that contribute to the formation of thin Me tallfolie are suitable metals or alloys with a ductility and a higher thermal conductivity than the substrate, such as. Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Sn, Pb, Au and Ag. These metals can be used individually or in the form of a Alloy of at least two of these metals used and they can contain C, O or Si. Under the metals are particularly preferred metals with a good heat reflectivity, such. Al, Cu and Ag. The thin metal foil can be treated properly (processed) to give the film a good heat confer reflectivity. The thin metal foil can usually be done using the following procedure be formed on the evaporation surface:

• (1) Fixing method in which a foil or plate is made Metal made by rolling, or a vacuum metallized film with An adhesive is fixed to the substrate by means of an adhesive;
• (2) Direct method in which a metal foil or plate without using any glue directly on the Substrate is formed, for example by vacuum vapor deposition or plating;
• (3) transfer method in which a thin metal foil or plate on a plastic or similar Foil or plate, for example, by Vakuumevampfung or plating has been applied to the sub  strat transferred and by means of an adhesive to this be attached;
• (4) Imprinting or coating method in which a by mixing a finely divided metal with a Liquid from a film-forming resin in water or organic solvents processing by photogravure, lithography, relief printing, Screen printing or rubber printing or by roll, reverse, Spray, knife or electrostatic coating on the substrate is applied.

Examples of adhesives used to carry out the fixing method (1) and the transmission method (3) used starch, protein, polyvinyl acetate, Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, polyacrylate, poly acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvi nylidene chloride, amino resin, polyurethane, polyester, fluorine containing resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyaromatic resin, Wax, polyethylene, ionomer and polypropylene. These Adhesives are useful in the form of an aqueous solution, Emulsion, a film of a refractory mass or a pressure-sensitive (self-adhesive) tape. The thickness of the after the fixing process (1) broke on the substrate th thin metal foil is not subject to special Be Restrictions, but it is with respect to the host Preferably, about 10 to about 3000 microns. thinner or thicker metal foils, although they are the he can give expected effect according to the invention, cost make it easier to produce. If a thin metal foil after  the direct method (2) formed directly on the substrate If desired, the substrate can, if desired, prior to formation the film suitably a suitable surface treatment be subjected to. In general, the procedure yields (2) about 300 nm to about 10 μm thick film. Movies a thickness of only about 300 nm also give the ge desired effect according to the invention. Film-forming resins, for the printing or coating process (4) ge are adjuvants or binder resins, such as they are commonly used for color solutions (inks) and Beschich be used masses such. As phenolic resin, nitro cellulose, acetylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyprop pylcellulose, acetylbutyrylcellulose, ethylcellulose, Ace tylpropionylcellulose, benzylcellulose, carboxymethylcel cellulose and similar cellulose derivatives, melamine resin, poly ester resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl resin, amine alkyd resin, Epoxy resin, polyurethane resin and similar resins, the Oxida tion-polymerizable or thermosetting or by Evaporation (evaporation) can be dried. There are also strengths usable.

The finely divided metal is subject to its Particle size no special restrictions and it is in the form of fine particles, usually in a particle size of about 1 to about 500 microns are available. The relationship between the fine Partial metal and the film-forming resin varies in Ab depending on the nature of each of these components and the part size of the metal powder. Usually will the metal in an amount of about 1 to about 40% by weight,  based on the weight of the resin used. It is him I wish that the fine metal and the film forming thin metal foil in an amount of at least 0.01 mg / cm², usually from 0.05 to 10 mg / cm², preferably from 0.1 to 3 mg / cm² dry weight, based on a unit area of the substrate, ge is formed. The thickness of the metal film is usually within the range of about 10 to about 200 microns.

Thin metal foils, usually a thickness of about 300 nm to about 3 mm, after the above formed method described. While under the application the printing or coating process (4) formed thin metal foils for the vapors of chemical Agents are permeable, those are after the other Ver drive, in particular method (1), Me produced tallfolien for these vapors substantially impermeable and must therefore be made permeable. This can For example, take place in that a plurality of Per is provided in the thin metal foil, which let the vapors of the chemical agents pass. These Perforations can be made after any desired Ver be prepared, usually by punching the film before or after the formation of the film on the substrate. When the metal foil is formed on the substrate and after that can be punched to produce the perforation, the Substrate are punched simultaneously to perforations produce, through the evaporation plate down extend through. If a variety of evaporation plates a suitable size is manufactured by Herstel  Development of a large shaped plate as a substrate, Aufbrin a thin metal film on the substrate and Zer cut the resulting plate into small pieces of evaporation plates, which carries the metal foil Plate simultaneously with the passage of the cutting edge Process preferably punched for the production of Per forationen. Although the after the printing or Beschich method (4) produced thin metal foil not Also needs to be perforated in this perfo be prepared. In this case it is present teilhaft, the coating composition on a substrate with ge suitable teeth imprint or the coating composition by means of a roller with suitable teeth on a substrate applied. The number and size of the steam leaving perforations and the total area of the perfora tions are set so that the from the substrate to Retained chemical agent on heating to evaporate (Evaporation or volatilization) through the perforations released into the atmosphere. Usually it is desirable that the perforations evenly over the entire evaporation surface of the substrate angeord are net. Preferably, the total area of Per at least about 3.3 mm², generally about 3.3 to about 75 mm 2 (about 1/30 to about 3/4 the size of the Ver evaporation surface of the substrate), in particular about 5 to about 50 mm² (about 1/20 to about half the size the evaporation surface of the substrate) per 100 mm² of the Area of the evaporation surface of the metal foil to be covered substrate.  

The thin metal foil can affect the entire evaporation surface of the substrate applied on one side (ge forming the side (of the surface to be heated) opposite, which is in contact with a heating plate should be brought when the evaporation plate on the Heating plate is heated. Alternatively, the metal foil even on only part of the evaporation surface, at For example, along its circumference, applied (formed) become. If the evaporation surface partially with a thin metal foil is covered, which in turn for the Vapor of the chemical agent is permeable, is at least 1/4, preferably at least the Häfte the Surface of the evaporation surface of the metal foil be covers. If the metal foil has perforations is the total area of the film minus the total area of the film Perforations, d. H. the effective area of the film, too at least 1/4, preferably at least half the area of the evaporation surface. If the cover less than 1/4 of the size of the evaporation top surface area, the substrate can not evenly are heated, and the chemical agent remains partially in the substrate back. Also, a decomposition of the agent and a Ver Burning of the substrate by local heating occur.  

The fastening device used in the method according to the invention comprises a thin metal foil that at least partially evaporates surface of a contact in contact with it covered with the thin metal foil for the vapor of a chemical agent is permeable, as well as a provided on the metal foil means for fastening gene of the metal foil on the plate with the incorporated chemical agent. At the vapor-permeable thin metal foil may essentially be the same as already described and applied to the substrate. Depending on the material and the thickness of the thin metal foil and depending on the treatment method used, the Thin metal foil will bend, deform or break. In such a case, it is advantageous if the Befe stigungseinrichtung is provided with a reinforcement, For example, a framework for holding back on it located metal foil, or a Wärmeisolierplatte or a metal net to fix the metal foil thereto (to fix). The fastening device on the thin metal foil is provided, is not subject special restrictions as long as it is able to to fix the film to an evaporation plate. Therefore For example, a layer of a conventional pressure-sensitive (self-adhesive) adhesive, if they are on the surface of the evaporating plate in Kon is applied to be brought to the metal foil. A solution However, the (removable) fastening device is in usually preferred, since then the fastening device can be used repeatedly. Examples of preferred Such devices are a fixing device, the  continuous or discontinuous on a rim cut the metal foil is provided and with a Sei shoulder portion of the evaporation plate in conjunction can be brought; and a piercing device, which is suitable for penetration into the evaporation plate. In the latter device needs the thin Me tallfolie with respect to the shape of the evaporation top do not always match the evaporation plate vote. When the thin metal foil from a frame too is retained, the fastening device can be provided the retaining frame.

The attachment is used for fixing a specific part of a conventional evaporation plate by means of the fastening device. The evaporate tion plate with the retaining device fixed thereto can work in the same way as the one already described Evaporating plate can be used, where the same effect is achieved.

The present invention further includes an apparatus for evaporation (volatilization or evaporation) of a che Mix agent from an evaporating plate by heating the plate on a hot plate. The device is ge characterized by a device that serves the Evaporation surface of the plate at least partially with a thin metal foil in contact therewith to cover when the plate is heated, taking the metal film permeable to the vapor of the chemical agent is. The main part of the device consists in principle of  a heating plate, to which the evaporation plate for Heating is applied, and a heat source for heating zen the heating plate. The main part essentially has the same structure as conventional smoking cabinets (Fumi gators), typical representatives of which are customary electrical Mosquito control devices are ones that include one Hot plate for heating an evaporating plate thereon, around the vaporizable retained in the plate thermally evaporate (too volatile) term). The cover provided in the main part is constructed to be heated on the hot plate Evaporating plate on the evaporation surface (the upper Surface) thereof with a thin metal foil be can be covered for the vapor of the evaporate permeable to chemical agents is. The thin metal foil, a component of the cover can be the same as the one on the Evaporation plate applied thin metal film and the thin metal foil component of Fastening device. If the thin metal foil depending on the material and the thickness thereof, the production process and the like. Easy to bend, de Forming or breaking, the film can with a ge be provided as in the case of Be fastening device. If conventional evaporation plates are heated using the erfindungsge According device, the chemical contained therein Evaporates agents effectively (volatilized or evaporates) with remarkably lower levels decomposition and remaining chemical agents  (residues).

The invention will be described below with reference to FIGS attached drawings explained in more detail. Showing:

Fig. 1 to 4 are perspective views of a preferred embodiment of the invention according to evaporation plate used;

Fig. 5 is a partial side view of the evaporation plate of Figure 4 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a erfindungsge used according to the mounting according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line II in Fig. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an attachment with a retention frame and in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 8;

Figs. 10 to 12 are sectional views each showing a Befestig supply, which is provided with a further reinforcement, and which is used according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of an evaporation device having a pivotable cover device and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of an evaporation apparatus having a cap-type capping means and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of an evaporating device with a sliding Abdeckein direction and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the plane in Fig. 15 Darge presented device; and

Fig. 17 is a front view thereof.

In the accompanying drawing are similar parts the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1, a thin metal foil 1 , which is permeable to the vapor of a chemical agent, applied to the ge entire evaporation surface of a substrate 2 . The metal foil 1 can be easily produced by the above-mentioned methods (1) to (4), for example, by the printing or coating method (4) or the direct method (2).

Fig. 2 shows thin metal foils 1 , 1 , which are permeable to the vapor of a chemical agent, but only partially brought to the evaporation surface of a substrate.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the thin metal foil first The metal foils 1 , 1 in FIG. 2 cover two-thirds of the surface, while the foil 1 in FIG. 3 covers about three-fifths of the surface. According to the embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the metal foil preferably covers at least about one quarter of the evaporation surface of the substrate.

In Figs. 4 and 5, a thin metal foil 1 having a plurality of perforations 3 uniformly arranged to pass the vapor of a chemical agent is applied to the evaporation surface of a substrate 2 . The metal foil 1 is produced according to the fixing method described above (1), but it can also be prepared by other methods (shown).

The total area of the perforations 3 in the film 1 is set so that the parts of the substrate evaporation surface exposed by the perforations are within the range of 1/30 to 3/4 of the total size of the evaporation surface. The metal foil may be partially applied to the surface, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The evaporation plates shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are used according to the invention, as used in an evaporation device with a suitable heat source and heating plate, such. As a known electrical mosquito control device are arranged.

The method according to the invention is carried out by Er Heat the evaporating plate with a suitable heating Facility. The heating temperature is, although they are is variable as long as the contained in the plate chemical agent is thermally volatile (volatile), in typically, up to about 450 ° C, preferably about 70 to about  350 ° C. Although the evaporation plate with a heat source, such as B. a heating wire, a plate-shaped Heating device or a heater with a Ther mistor or a similar semiconductor, which, when he elek is excited, heat can give off, can be heated also any other heat sources or Heizeinrichtun be used, provided that the plate on a temperature within the range given above can be heated. Examples of other useful heat sources (heat sources) are calcium oxide or similar sub punching, which give off heat when in contact with water; iron powder or similar metal powders which are in contact with give off heat to an oxidant; a material that forms in the reaction with oxygen heat, such. B. a mixture of sodium sulfide and iron carbide and / or Soot; an electric lamp; an alcohol lamp; a gas burner; and the combination of such a heat source (Heat source) and a blower for the production of hot air. If the substance in the reaction with acid heat dissipates as a source of heat, the heat-emitting substance is formed into a plate, which are in contact with the heating surface thereof the evaporation plate in an inert gas atmosphere is brought, and the whole thing is in an airtight Bag hermetically enclosed. That way he Holding evaporating plate is only usable by opening of the bag. The heat-releasing substance then comes with the Air in contact, giving off heat while heating the Evaporating plate to a specific temperature. To this Way, the inventive method extremely easy  be performed.

Figs. 6 and 7 show an attachment (device) used in the present invention made of a thin metal foil 1 made by rolling from a metal having a relatively high hardness. In order to make the film 1 permeable to the vapor of a chemical agent, the film has perforations 3 , which are uniformly distributed over the entire surface thereof. The metal foil 1 is provided at each corner with a retaining device (fixing device) 4 , the terabschnitt in a lateral shoulder of an evaporation plate a can engage. If the thin metal foil is made of a relatively hard metal and therefore difficult to bend or break as in the embodiment of the present invention, there is no need to use a frame for holding back the metal foil 1 .

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a further Be used in the invention fastening means consists of a thin metal foil 1 in the form of a thin film, in which a finely divided metal is dispersed in a film-forming resin and is transparent even for the vapor of a chemical agent. In this case, therefore, there is no need to perforate the film 1 to let the steam through. The metal foil 1 , which tends to have a low strength, is advantageously used when it is retained by a frame 5 , which is provided together with the Festhalteein direction (fixing) 4 .

Figs. 10 to 12 each show a Befestigungseinrich device of a thin metal foil 1 and another case of play for a gain. Fig. 10 shows a per forierte reinforcing plate 6 , which is attached to the thin metal foil 1 . FIG. 11 shows a metal net 7 fastened to the foil. The thin metal foil 1 shown in FIG. 12 is folded twice. Perforations 3 may be present only in the metal sheet 1 a, which covers the evaporation surface of the plate.

As shown by the dashed lines in Figs. 7 and 9, the fastening device according to the invention is used so that its thin metal foil 1 is fixed to the plate a and covering the evaporating surface in contact therewith. The thin metal foil 1 , which covers and is in contact with the evaporation surface of the evaporation plate a, enables the evaporation of the chemical agent in a significantly improved efficiency with a strong decrease of the decomposition as well as the remaining residues in the plate.

Figs. 13 to 17 show inventive Verdam tion devices. At A, the main body of Vorrich device is shown, which contains or consists of a Ge housing 11 , a heating plate 12 , which is arranged approximately in the center of Ge housing 11 , and a thermistor 13 for He heat the heating plate 12th The main body A is provided with a device B for covering an evaporation plate with a thin metal foil. The asked in Fig. 13 represents loading or covering device is pivotable, while that shown in Fig. 14 is in the form of a housing in the Ge fitting lid. The covering device shown in Fig. 15 Darge is displaceable.

The pivotable cover device B of FIG. 13 contains or consists of a lid 15 which is arranged on the housing 11 and is pivotally connected to one end of the housing 11 by means of a hinge 14 , and a thin metal foil 17 , by means of rods 16 at the lid 15 is fixed, which extend from the underside of a cover plate 15 a of the lid 15 downwards. When the lid (cover) 15 is closed, the metal foil 17 is brought into front-side contact with the evaporation surface (upper surface) of the evaporation plate a on the heating plate 12 . In order to keep the metal foil 17 in Ab from contact with the plate a, which has a good good stability, the cover 15 may be made so that it by means of a suitable Eingriffein direction (fixing) (not shown), which in principle, for example the combination of a projection (a survey) and a matching Ver recess, can be held in its closed position on the housing 11 . As can be seen from Fig. 13, the cover plate 15 a of the lid 15 has an evaporation opening 18th In the embodiment shown in Fig. 13 are retaining portions 19 are provided for the plate a on the underside of the metal foil 17 along the edges thereof. Alternatively, in the position in which the plate a is held at the retaining portions 19 , the lid 15 is closed to apply the plate a to the heating plate 12 .

The cover-type cover device B shown in Fig. 14 comprises a cover 20 and a thin metal foil 22 , which is secured by means of rods 21 which extend from the underside of the lid 20 down to the cover 20 . The lid 20 is insertable into an upper opening 11 a of the housing, whereby the thin metal foil 22 can be brought into covering contact with the evaporating surface of the evaporating plate a placed on the heating plate 12 . The lid 20 has an evaporation opening 23 . In the embodiment shown in Fig. 14, the cover 20 by a suitable Festhalteeinrich device (fixing) (not shown), the zip in Prin, for example, a combination of interlocking elevation (projection) and depression, so held in its closed position be that it fits into the housing 11 .

Figs. 15 to 17 show movable Abdeckeinrichtun gene B, consisting of a pair of rectangular support frame 30, 30 and a thin metal foil 31 which is provided between and supported by the lower ends of the holding frame 30, 30. In a central upper portion of the housing 11 of the main body A, a support plate 11 b is arranged and it is supported by the housing in the manner of a console (supported). The holding frame 30 , 30 of the cover B depend on the support plate 11 b down to make the cover B along the support plate 11 slidably (slidably). The Abdeckein direction B is at the free end of the plate 11 b by a side opening 11 c (on the left side in Fig. 15) of the housing 11 from the support plate 11 b removable. In the removal of the cover B of the housing 11 , an evaporation plate a at the bottom of Me tallfolie 31 held by retaining portions 32 , and the device B is then suspended on the support plate 11 b applied and moved to a position above the heating plate 12 . The evaporation plate a is ready for use in this way. To bring the plate a in a suitable contact with the heating plate 12 , it is expedient to arrange the plate a in such a position relative to the heating plate 12 , while the frame 30 , 30 are slightly raised, that when the frame 30 , 30 are released, the entire weight of Abdeckein direction B, the plate a presses against the heating plate 12 . In the embodiment of the present invention, the thin metal foil 31 of the cover device B can be disposed in covering contact with the plate a after the plate a has been placed on the heating plate 12 . The housing 11 shown in FIGS . 15 to 17 has an evaporation opening 11 d in an upper portion thereof.

In the devices shown in Figs. 13 to 17, the evaporating surface of the plate a can be at least partially covered by the thin metal foil of the cover B in contact therewith while the plate a is in use. The thus directly covering the evaporation surface Me tallfolie allows the evaporation (volatilization) of the che mixing agent from the plate a in a significantly improved verbes efficiency with a strong decrease in the Zerset tion and the residue.

The method and the devices of the invention which are standing described are very suitable for the Combat (control) and rejection (rejection) of Un insects, such as mosquitoes, cockroaches, mites, lice, fleas, bed bugs and the like, for the control of agriculture and forestry harmful In sects, such as For example, those found in greenhouses, and for evaporation (volatilization) of fungicides, fragrance or Fumigants, inhalants, antiseptics, dermatitis therapy and other chemical agents.

The invention will be closer by the following examples  purifies.

example 1

A 2.2 cm x 3.5 cm x 0.30 cm large substrate plate used as a substrate was coated on one side over the entire surface with a liquid composition comprising a resin and a finely divided metal as shown in the following table I recorded, and then dried in the air to form a thin metal film on the substrate. The substrate was impregnated with a solution of chemical agents to contain a specific amount of the chemical agent indicated in Table I below and 40 mg of piperonyl butylate (PB, efficacy enhancer) to form an evaporating plate such as is shown in Fig. 1. The same procedure as above was repeated using the other mixtures of resin and finely divided metal and the chemical agents as shown in Table I.

Comparative Example 1

For comparison, evaporation plates were prepared to form a resin film containing no finely divided metal or without formation of any film as shown in Table I.

In the case of the resins (a) to (h) listed in Table I these are the following:

• (a) Phenolic resin sold under the trademark "Toyo King Ultra Medium ", a product of Toyo Ink. Mfg., Co., Ltd., Japan
• (b) Alkyl resin sold under the trademark "SS 5010 Medium ", a product of the same company,
• (c) nitrocellulose-melamine resin sold under the goods sign "SS 3-300", a product of the same company,
• (d) polyester resin sold under the trademark "SS 6 K-600 ", a product of the same company,
• (e) acrylic vinyl resin sold under the trademark "SS 8-800 ", a product of the same company,
• (f) phenolic resin (thermosetting type) sold under the Trademark "Webking Ltd. Victoria", a product of same company,
• (g) α-starch,
• (h) carboxymethyl cellulose

The evaporation produced in this way plates (samples Nos. 1-A to 1-R) each had one thin metal foil (a thin metal film) which was permeable to the vapors of the chemicals. With the Samples were the tests I, II described below and III performed.

Test I

The sample was placed on a 2.7 cm x 3.7 cm hot plate  made of stainless steel, the surface by elek thermal heating at a temperature of 166 ± 2 ° C ge was holding. The sample was so 12 hours long inside a hollow cylinder (with a diameter of 18.0 cm and a height of 30.0 cm) made of paper with a heated upper opening.

A silica gel trap was prepared in the form of a Glass tube (with an inner diameter of 2.4 cm and a length of 12 cm), which was mixed with 20 g of silica gel (dry fillers, JIS quality 1, type A, grain size up to 40) was filled. The trap was on one End filled with absorbent cotton and by one Rubber stopper connected to a funnel (the nozzle (pipe)) had an inside diameter of 0.7 and a length of 9 cm and the diameter of its opening was 10 cm) and the other end was in a similar way with absor filled cotton and through a rubber stopper connected with a glass tube. The opening of the funnel was inserted into the opening of the paper cylinder and the Glass tube was connected to a vacuum pump. The from the Sample released chemical vapor was in the silica gel Trap by suction at a suction rate of about 2.0 l / min. collected. Every hour became the trap replaced by a fresh trap. Each one of this way used silica gel trap was using the fol These methods are used for extraction and analysis the trapped component (effective component):

• (1) The funnel was removed from the trap, the inner  Surface of the funnel was washed with ethyl ether and the washing liquid was poured into a flask with a level Soil (hereinafter referred to as "container") for introduced a soxhlet extractor. In the container was a boiling stone was thrown and the washing liquid was another about 100 ml of ethyl ether was added.
• (2) The container and a cooling tube were so at the Soxh let extractor attach the glass tube of the silica gel Trap was placed in the extractor. The captured Component was refluxed on a water bath of Extracted 50 ° C for about 2 hours.
• (3) After completion of the extraction, the container became off removed from the extractor and placed in a 50 ° C water bath to distill the ethyl ether for recovery lose.
• (4) A 1 ml amount of a standard solution (prepared by Dissolve 600 mg of ethyl stearate in acetone for preparation of 100 ml of solution) became the residue in the container added and the mixture was shaken thoroughly. A 1 μl portion of the mixture was placed in a microsyringe collected and analyzed by gas chromatography for determination the amount (mg) of vaporized (evaporated) chemi rule per unit time.

The sample heated for 12 hours as indicated above was also extracted with ethyl ether. It was the same standard solution as above to the case he  added extract and the mixture became gas analyzed chromatographically to determine the amount (in mg) of the chemical agent remaining in the sample.

The effective evaporation amount (%) and the residue Amounts of the mixed agent were from the following Equations calculated:

Effective evaporation rate (%) = B / A × 100
Residual amount (%) = C / A × 100

where A is the amount (mg) of the agent contained in the sample, B is the amount (mg) of the per unit time evaporated (verflüch ) and the quantity (mg) of the substance in the Sample after the test remaining chemical agent mean.

In the following Table II are the results obtained stated.  

Table II

Table II (continued)

The above Table II shows that it with the inventions method according to the invention or with the device according to the invention is possible, chemical Agents in a significantly improved amount per time to effectively evaporate (volatilize) with strong reduced residue levels, while at all Ver the effective evaporation amount is low and equal the amount of residue was high. Comparative Samples 1-a and 1-c coated with a resin film even worse than the comparative samples 1-b and 1-d, the had no film coating, in terms of the effective Evaporation amount and the amount of residue.  

Test II

The inventive test samples Nos. 1-C and 1-F and the Comparative sample # 1-a were in a room with a Area of 13.2 m² tested.

An electric smoker (Fumigator) was in the Center of the room, the sample in intimate Kon clock was held with a hot plate. 30 minutes after switching on the electricity for the smoker a 25 cc cage made of a plastic net, in which is about 25 adult insects of the species Culer pipiens pallens located in each of the four corners of the room 1.5 m above of the floor equidistant from the smoker established. The number of contacts due to the Steam from the sample to ground falling insects (failure) was in Counted depending on the elapsed time. A Hour after the end of smoking became the insects It was introduced into a clean polyethylene container added a 1% aqueous sugar solution and 24 hours long at about 25 ° C in a room left. After that the number of killed insects was counted.

To test the efficacy of the sample with the passage of time, the same procedure was repeated as above 4, 8 and 12 hours after the start of heating the sample. The same procedure as above was repeated three times to obtain averages indicated in Table III below.

Test III

The inventive sample No. 1-E and the comparative sample No. 1-b were discussed in relation to the distribution of the in the Samples remaining effective components examined.

The sample was placed on a heater for 10 hours, their surface in the middle to a maximum temperature heated by 165 ° C and having a thermistor with positive properties with a diameter of 12 mm exhibited, heated. Thereafter, the substrate became thick the sample of 3 mm in three equal sections, namely in a top, middle and bottom section, split and the residual amounts (%) of Pynamin-forte in these sections were set. The same procedure as above was again gets, this time the substrate in length in three same sections, namely in left, middle and right Sections was split. In the following Tables IV-1 and IV-2 the results are given.

Table IV-1

Table IV-2

Example 2

A mixture of the resin (f) and finely dispersed therein Partial aluminum was applied to the entire surface of a Side of a perlite plate or a diatomaceous earth plate a size of 3 cm × 5 cm × 0.20 cm as a substrate made by adding 30% by weight sawdust and 20% by weight Starch to 50 wt .-% finely divided perlite or diatomaceous earth, Knead the mixture with water, extruding the mi and drying the shaped mixture, applied. The coated plate was air dried and then impregnated with 200 mg of a specific chemical agent n, wherein the specified in Table V below he Inventive sample no. 2-A was obtained. The same The procedure as above was repeated, but this time Other chemicals have been used to manufacture the in the following Table V enumerated samples No. 2-B and 2-C.

Comparative Example 2

The same procedure as in Example 2 was repeated  using the resin (f) alone instead of the mixture from the resin (f) and aluminum or without using the Mi for the preparation of the in Table V below counted comparative samples Nos. 1-a and 1-b.

Table V

The samples were processed in the same manner as in the test I. tested in Example 1, but this time each of the samples placed on a hotplate whose surface is at a temperature of 350 ° C was kept to the effective Determine evaporation amount within 20 minutes. In the following Table VI are the results obtained specified.

Sample No. Effective evaporation amount (%) erf.gem. 2-A 93 erf.gem. 2 B 90 erf.gem. 2-C 92 Comparison 2-a 51 Comparison 2-b 77

Like Table II, Table VI also shows that he According to the invention used samples effective evaporation of the che mix agents in increased amounts (with improved us allow degree of fermentation).

Example 3

In the same manner as in Example 1, evaporation plate samples according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2 were prepared, but this time the mixture of the resin and finely divided material on one side of the substrate on the elongated, opposite end portions of the same area and not on the middle third, ie the middle portion thereof was applied, to form a thin Me tallfilms.

If in the same way as in the test I in example were tested, it was found that the samples clearly improved effective evaporation levels, cf. bar with those of the samples of Example 1.  

Example 4

In the same manner as in Example 1, evaporating plate samples used in the invention as shown in Fig. 3 were prepared, this time mixing the resin and the finely divided metal on one side of the substrate in a width of 5 mm along all of them Edges of the substrate and was not applied to the central portion of the same, so that about 60% of the evaporation surface of the substrate were covered with a thin metal film be.

When these samples are prepared in the same manner as in the test I were tested, it was found that he achieved comparable to those in Table II.

Example 5

Sample Nos. 5-A to 5-O of evaporation plates as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 were prepared respectively by applying a thin metal film on the entire surface of one side of a substrate plate (2.2 cm × 3.5 cm × 0.3 cm) by printing, fixing, transferring or vacuum evaporation according to any of the following described methods (1) to (6), then impregnating the substrate with a specific mixture of a specific amount of a mixture Agent, as indicated in Table VII, and 40 mg Piperonylbutylat (PB, agent for improving the efficiency degree) as well as punching a specific number of evenly distributed perforations with a specific size in the resulting plate. After the metal film was applied by printing (Samples Nos. 5-1 and 5-N), the perforations were simultaneously formed with the printing using a roller with teeth without performing the subsequent punching step in the thin metal portion.

Film formation process (1)

The substrate was treated with a vinyl acetate adhesive (Waren sign "Polysol L-111", a product of Showa High- Polymer Co., Ltd., Japan) using a roller Coating coated in an amount of 40 to 50 g / m² and on the coating was a 10 micron thick metal foil placed. The whole thing was for 30 minutes at a pressure of 3 bar and a temperature of 100 ° C pressed.

Film formation process (2)

Using an extruder was heated to a 10 microns thick Metal foil with an intermediate titanate Ver Ankerungsmittel using an extruder a 30 microns thick polyethylene film (trademark "Mirason", a product from Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., Japan) introduced. The substrate was placed on the film and the whole was pressed at 10 bar and 180 ° C to the polyethylene to melt and fix the film to the film.  

Film forming process (3)

A 12 μm thick biaxially oriented polyester film (trademark "E-5000", a product of Toyo Spinning Co., Ltd., Japan) was coated with a chlorinated rubber type release varnish (trademark "ABS-HP Release Varnish") Product of Toyo Ink. Mfg. Co., Ltd., Japan) in an amount of 1 to 2 g / m 2, calculated as solids, coated. An 80 nm thick metal film was deposited on the coated surface of the film by vacuum evaporation, with the metal heated to 1300 to 1400 ° C in a vacuum of 10 ^-4 mm Hg. On the metal film, an acrylic adhesive varnish (trademark "ABS-HP Adhesive Varnish", a product of Toyo Ink. Mfg., Co., Ltd., Japan) in an amount of 2 to 4 g / m 2 was calculated as solids, applied to produce a transfer film applied to the substrate. The whole was pressed at 0.3 MPa (3 bar) and 150 ° C for 15 seconds, and the polyester film was peeled off.

Film forming process (4)

The substrate was polished using a knife processing device with an epoxy adhesive (trademark "Araldite", a product of the company Schowa High Polymer Co., Ltd., Japan) in a quantity of 50 g / m². On the be Layered surface became a 10 μm thick metal foil applied and the whole was used at 1 MPa (10 bar) a nip and pressed at 60 ° C for one hour.  

Film forming method

The substrate was placed in a vacuum chamber with a pressure of 10⁴ mm Hg introduced and a metal was (for example heated to 1300 to 1400 ° C for Al) and under these conditions conditions in a thickness of about 10 microns on the substrate deposited.

Film forming process (6)

A solvent solution of an ink resin which is 20 Wt .-% (based on the resin) dispersed therein feintei containing liges metal was, by means of a roller with spe zifischen depressions applied to the substrate and then dried in air to form a film a thickness of 10 microns after drying.

Table VII below shows the types and quantities of used chemical agents, the types of for the Her Position of the thin metal films used metals turned film forming process and the number and total area of the perforations of each plate. Table VII shows for comparison also evaporation plates without a metal film.  

Table VII

The obtained samples were processed in the same manner as in Tests I, II and III of Example 1 tested. He The results are shown in Tables VIII bis X-2 indicated.

Table VIII

Table VIII (continued)

Table X-1

Table X-2

Example 6

A 10 μm-thick perforated film of aluminum, silver or copper was formed using the film-forming method (2) or (4) in Example 5 on the entire surface of one side of a pearlite plate or a 3 cm × 5 cm × 0 diatomaceous earth plate , 20 cm as a substrate, prepared by adding 30% by weight of sawdust and 20% by weight of starch to 50% by weight of finely divided perlite or diatomaceous earth, by kneading the mixture with water, extruding the mixture and drying the shaped mixture, fixed. The substrate was impregnated with 200 mg of a specific chemical agent by placing the whole in an air-impermeable bag, injecting the chemical agent into the bag and sealing the bag to obtain the sample No. 6-A used in the present invention , The same procedure as above was repeated to prepare Samples Nos. 6-B to 5-D used in the present invention. These samples are listed in the following Table XI, in which also comparative samples Nos. 6a to 6c are given without a metal film.

The samples were processed in the same way as in the test I of Example 1 tested, this time the samples on a hot plate were placed, the surface of which at 350 ° C was kept to the effective evaporation levels 20 Minutes after the start of heating the samples. The results obtained are as follows Table XII given.

Sample No. Effective evaporation amount (%) Invention 6-A 91 Invention 6-B 85 Invention 6-C 90 Invention 6-D 90 Comparison 6-a 51 Comparison 6-b 67 Comparison 6-c 66

Example 7

A fastener used in the present invention as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 was fabricated having a thin metal foil (a rolled film about 10 μm thick) with perforations evenly distributed therein. The number and the total area (in mm²) of the perforations are given in the following Table XIII. The attachment device was fixed to an evaporation plate in the form of a 2.2 cm × 3.5 cm × 0.3 cm Pul penplatte and impregnated with 40 mg Pynamin-forte and 40 g Piperonylbutylat. By repeating the same procedure as above, probes used in the present invention were also prepared, except that perforated thin metal plates of the various metals given in Table XIII below were used. These samples and a same evaporation plate as above without fixture for comparison were tested in the same manner as in Test I in Example 1. The results obtained are given in Table XIV below.

Table XIII

Table XIV

Example 8

A with evaporation of 40 mg Pynamin-forte and 40 mg Piperonylbutylat impregnated plate of pulp (size 2.2 cm × 3.5 cm = 0.3 cm) was placed on the hot plate 12 he inventive device (made of stainless steel), as in Fig. 13, laid, wherein the heating plate was electrically heated to 166 ± 2 ° C. The evaporating plate was heated in this way for 12 hours with the lid 15 closed. The covering device B of the apparatus used had a thin metal foil (a 0.01 mm thick rolled foil) with perforations in the number indicated in the following Table XV and with the total area mentioned therein. The same procedure as above was repeated using similar devices, except that the cover metal foils listed in Table XV were used.

Table XV

In the following Table XVI, the effective verdam quantities and residues of the chemical agent (Pynamin-forte), which when heating the evaporation plates determined in the same way as in the Test I in Example 1, indicated. For comparison are in the Table XVI also indicated the test results reported by Ver Use of a device without a covering device B were obtained.

Table XVI

Claims (13)

A method of evaporating a thermally evaporable chemical agent by heating a plate in which the chemical agent is incorporated, in the presence of a thin metal foil, characterized in that the back of the plate is placed on a hot plate and heated, while at least a quarter its evaporation surface is covered by a thin metal foil which is permeable to the vapor of the chemical agent. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thin Metal foil a variety of perforations to let the steam through of the chemical agent. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least half of the evaporation surface of the plate from the covered with thin metal foil. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that one uses a plate consisting of a substrate which contains the chemical agent and whose that to the heating surface facing away from the evaporation surface to at least a quarter covered with a layer of thin metal foil is. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a plate used, their layer of thin metal foil from a coating film consists of a finely divided metal and a film-forming resin. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a plate used, whose thin metal foil a multiplicity of perforations for Passing the vapor of the chemical agent.   7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that a plate used, the evaporation surface has a projection. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a plate made of a substrate with chemical contained therein Apply agent to the hot plate and place on the plate Fastening device with a thin metal foil for covering at least a quarter of those contacted Attached to the evaporation surface, wherein the thin metal foil for the Vapor of the chemical agent is permeable. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that one as Fastening device for the thin metal foil a frame used. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that one has a Fastener used by the metal foil again can be removed. 11. A device for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 8 to 10, characterized by a heating plate for laying and heating an evaporation plate of a substrate ( 2 ) and a slightly retarded from the substrate thermally evaporable agent and means for covering at least one fourth of the evaporating surface facing away from the heating rear side of the evaporating plate with a thin metal foil ( 1 ) permeable to the chemical agent vapor, the heating plate and the capping means being arranged so that their opposite surfaces will engage upon insertion of the evaporating plate get in touch. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the Covering the thin metal foil and facilities for Attachment to the evaporation plate has.   13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the evaporation plate ( 1 ) against the heating plate ( 12 ) by means of a perforated metal foil or metal-containing foil ( 17 ) can be pressed, wherein the film ( 17 ) with a lid ( 15 ) having an evaporation opening ( 18 ) is connected and the lid ( 15 ) is mounted on a heating plate ( 12 ) receiving the housing ( 11 ).