DE3040077A1 - Hydraulic plaster esp. for foamed resin boards - comprises binder, agent to improve processability, elasticity and adhesiveness, fibres, sand and drying stabilisers - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulic, non-flammable, weather resistant mortar used to fix and cover soft, stress-relieving functional adhesive insulating layers or boards esp. for the walls or ceilings of buildings contains beside a hydraulic binder a pore former, liquifier and/or cellulose cpd., PVA, starch deriv. and/or albumin deriv. to improve adhesiveness; a polymeric cpd., rubber deriv., pore former, cellulose ether, polyvinyl acetate, PVA, starch deriv. and/or albumin deriv. to improve elasticity; 5-33 mm long fibres; sand, fillers, swelling components, polymeric cpds. and/or calcium carbonate hydrate which reduce dimensional changes due to weathering and moisture and sand and/or fillers with defined sieve sizes and/or polymeric cpds. as drying stabilisers. The mortar can be applied esp. to foamed resin boards without using a fabric insert. The mortar has high cohesion and adhesion so that it can be applied in thicker layer.

Description

Plastering dry furniture

The invention relates to a hydraulically setting with water, non-flammable, weather-resistant, mineral dry plastering mortar with a proportion of fibers and, if necessary, additives that are mixed with water Fixation and outer covering of soft ones that promote tension equalization functional adhesive insulating layers or insulating boards, in particular on building walls and building ceilings.

Plastering compounds made from a hydraulically setting binder with plastic components and pure plastic compounds for application to insulation boards are known.

For example, DE-OS 25 16 916 relates to the prior art towards an outer wall insulation, in which grooved hard foam plastic panels by means of Mortar made of cement and plastic components are attached to a wall and their Outside with a layer of plaster also containing cement and plastic parts is provided. A problem of such a multi-layer wall covering poses the different Shrinkage characteristics of the preferably made of polystyrene or rigid polyurethane foam existing insulation boards in contrast to the plaster coating.

The different post-shrinkage of the materials is easy to stir Cracking and peeling of the coating, increasing the durability and thermal insulation properties of the wall covering are impaired. According to DE-OS 25 16 916, this disadvantage should thanks to rigid foam panels with limited post-shrinkage characteristics and a reduced Plastic content in the plaster layer can be switched off.

However, these measures alone do not lead to the desired result Result. It is therefore recommended to embed a glass fiber fabric in the plaster layer.

However, this measure leads to a greater amount of work by a precise fixation of the tissue.

DE-AS 27 03 342 has thermal insulation panels made of polystyrene or Polyurethane base with a grid-reinforced spatula or plaster mortar coating there.

First, a plastic-modified mortar should be applied to the insulation board troweled on and a mesh fabric can be applied in a further step. To improve the elastic properties of the mortar is the addition of plastic fibers for example polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or Polyacrylate fibers, with a length of 0.8 mm to 2 mm, are proposed.

Practical experience with the thermal insulation systems mentioned has shown that plastering thermal insulation panels without an inlaid mesh fabric is not permitted a satisfactory, low-crack, non-peeling and durable thermal insulation leads. On the other hand, however, it is precisely the use of a mesh fabric that has disadvantages for the thermal insulation systems with it. On the one hand, it requires the insertion of a mesh fabric an additional work step, in contrast to plastering the thermal insulation panels itself cannot be carried out by machine, so it is labor-intensive and cost-intensive is. The mesh must be embedded in the plaster at a well-defined depth, the consistency of which must also be precisely set at this point in time. the Laying a mesh fabric therefore requires the work of experienced specialists. In addition, there is no mesh fabric in the finished plaster layer only unfolds beneficial effects. A fine-meshed grid works, for example as a mesh screen on which further plaster is layered when it is inserted and applied Collect coarse aggregates and water.

This prevents the formation of a homogeneous layer of plaster and so the durability and strength of the plaster are impaired.

On the other hand, a coarse-meshed grid fabric does not lead to the desired result Crack compensation. After all, with the well-known plastering compounds and systems only to achieve a limited layer thickness, approximately up to 5 mm, although greater layer thicknesses are useful and desirable in many cases.

The object of the invention was to provide a hydraulically setting with water To create plastering dry mortar of the type mentioned, with the waiver on fabric inserts a strong internal cohesion of the bound mass with a high Tear-off security is achieved, with the possibility of these properties is given, thicker coatings in one operation, i.e. labor-saving Apply insulation layers or insulation boards.

This problem is solved by a dry plastering mortar, which thereby is characterized in that he is next to a hydraulic binder for improvement the processing ability when mixed with air entraining agents and 1 or liquefiers and / or cellulose ethers, to improve the adhesiveness of polymeric compounds and / or cellulose ether and / or polyvinyl acetate and 'or polyvinyl alcohol and / or Starch derivatives and / or protein derivatives, c) to improve the elasticity of polymers 'Compounds and / or rubber derivatives and / or air entraining agents and / or cellulose ethers and / or polyvinyl acetate and / or polyvinyl alcohol and / or starch derivatives and / or Protein derivatives, d) fibers in a length of 5 to 33 mm, e) ingredients, which reduce the change in shape due to the effects of weather and moisture, namely Sand and / or filler and / or swelling components and / or polymeric compounds and / or Hydrated lime, and f) dry stabilizers, namely sand and / or filler with a defined Contains grading curve and / or polymeric compounds.

Preferred embodiments of the plastering dry mortar and its Use are characterized in the subclaims.

Sand and filler are expedient with a true density of more than 0.1 g / cm3 in a ratio of 1: 1 to 10: 1 to the hydraulic binder Parts of the room admitted.

The sand can consist of natural and / or synthetic products.

The fibers are preferably alkali-resistant glass fibers or other mineral fibers with tex numbers from 20 to 200 g / km or mixtures thereof in proportions from 0.3 to 3% by volume.

The fibers can be of uniform or different lengths.

In addition to the components mentioned, the plastering dry mortar can also Hardening accelerators and / or water-repellent and / or increasing frost resistance Funds included.

Hardening accelerators for Portland cement are, for example, high alumina cement, CaC12, C11A7, CaF2, C12A7, CA, sulfates and similar substances.

Examples of water-repellent substances are silicones, paraffins and other commercially available products.

Agents that increase frost resistance include, for example, air-entrained substances, Sealant and liquefier.

The dry plastering mortar can also be colored by adding pigments will.

It has surprisingly been found that with a plastering dry mortar the composition mentioned, which is achieved by appropriate selection of the ingredients and their proportions are optimally adapted to the respective requirements can produce an excellent coating. It has been shown that. Quantities of additives to improve processability up to 2% by weight, to improve the adhesiveness up to 5% by weight and for improvement the elasticity up to 10 wt .- are particularly suitable.

The results obtained with the dry plastering mortar according to the invention are unexpected. It was found that not only the additives are essential, which contribute in the description under and claims a) to c) and e) and f), but also fibers, especially in the form of chips with a minimum length, i.e. not shorter than 5 mm must be used. A fiber length of over 33 mm impairs the workability and is therefore not recommended.

The structure of the mixture forming the dry mortar is uniform and stable, so that segregation does not occur, even during transport, for example. But it is not only stable as dry matter, but also in water advised workable state. This means that the wet mass does not separate either, Regardless of whether it is prepared for machine or manual processing will. This advantageous property affects the processing of the mass and ensures that after mixing with water, a uniform plaster mass can be applied either by machine or manually. The crowd becomes more close expediently applied with pressure and thereby fiber tips and with these too The mass is pressed into the surface of the substrate to be plastered.

It results in a hydraulically set, non-flammable, weather-resistant Coating, the texture of which is characterized by an arrangement of fibers in all directions is, with at least some of the fibers in the insulating layer serving as the substrate or insulation board can claw the order and thus the cohesion of the layers is additionally improved.

After setting with water, the plastering dry mortar gives a closed, crack-free, flat and joint-covering shell that is not a fabric only makes it superfluous, but is superior to a coating with fabric. With The hardened plaster compound forms an integral part of the insulation layer or insulation board Composite that can be improved if necessary by structured interfaces can. The rigid shell adheres practically resiliently to the yielding surface, which consists, for example, of a foamed plastic. By such a resilient Storage is relieved of tension and the risk of cracking is reduced.

Numerous tests have confirmed the results mentioned.

A particular advantage of the plastering dry according to the invention mortar is also that with this much thicker coatings are made than with conventional coating compounds with mesh reinforcement. The fibers distributed over the entire cross-section and the greater layer thickness lead to higher impact resistance and greater fire safety.

It is possible to add the plaster layer directly to the load-bearing To anchor underground. To do this, anchors, for example made of steel, are of the appropriate type Shear and kink strength and length used by the plaster layer and the insulation layer can protrude into the subsurface.

The dry plastering mortar according to the invention can be used without difficulty can be set so that it can be mixed with water using conventional plastering machines or can be applied by hand in one operation. It can be flush-mounted or used as a single layer plaster. It offers no difficulty to the crowd to provide an ornamental or functional surface structure.

The invention is explained in more detail by means of three examples.

The quantities given relate to 100 kg dry matter.

The listed ingredients were used in conventional dry mixers mixed together. The ingredients that are added in less than 2% by weight, can optionally be mixed with one another in a premixing process. The premix fillers can be added if necessary.

Mixing in batches is preferred.

Example 1 The following components were mixed with one another: 1. Plaster and wall ties according to DIN 4211 30 kg 2. Filler 4 kg 3. Sand 62 kg 4. Alkali-resistant Glass fibers, 24 mm long 1 kg 12 mm long- 1 kg 5. Polyvinyl acetate ke; Dry matter 100 kg The mixture was homogeneous and the mass did not separate during transport in the dry state after adding water. She let herself be turned on easy to work with and the finished plaster was uniform.

The dry matter was mechanically mixed with 16 kg of water.

The result was a bulk density of around 1.7 g / cm3 and an air void content from about 25. After 28 days the following strengths were achieved: Compressive strength 10 N1mm2 bending tensile strength 6 N'mm2 Example 2 The following components were used mixed with one another: 1. Portland cement 35F according to DIN 1164 10 kg 2. Filler 20 kg 3. Sand 66 kg 4. Alkali-resistant glass fibers, 18 mm long ~ 1.50 kg transfer 97w5O kg Transfer 97.50 kg 5. Casein 2.00 kg 6. Cellulose ether 0.40 kg 7. Air entraining agent 0.01 kg 8. Melamine resin powder p 0.09 kg dry matter 100.00 kg The mixture was homogeneous and the mass did not separate during transport in the dry state after adding water. She let herself be turned on easy to work with and the finished plaster was uniform.

The dry matter was mechanically mixed with 16 kg of water. It turned out a bulk density of around 1.6 g / cm3 and an air content of around 24. To Approximately 28 days the following strengths were achieved: Compressive strength 6-N / mm2 bending tensile strength 4 N / mm2 B == 1 = 3 The following components were mixed with one another: 1. Plaster and Wall tie according to DIN 4211 18 kg 2nd technical hydrated lime 8 kg 3rd sand 69 kg 4. Alkali-resistant glass fibers, 12 mm long 1.50 kg 5. Polyvinyl alcohol 1.00 6. polyvinyl acetate 2.20 kg carry 99.70 kg Carry over 99.70 kg 7. Cellulose ether 0.27 kg 8. Air entraining agent 0.01 kg 9. Starch derivative 0.02 kg Dry mass 100.00 kg The mixture was homogeneous and the mass neither separated when transported in the dry state after adding water. She let herself be turned on Easy to work with and the finished plaster was uniform.

The dry matter was mechanically mixed with 15 kg of water. It turned out a bulk density of around 1.5 g / cm3 and an air void content of around 27. To Approximately 28 days the following strengths were achieved: compressive strength 4.5 N'mm2 flexural tensile strength 2.5 N / mm2

Claims (7)

N T A N 5 P R U c M = E P A T E N ~ T A N S P R U C H E 1. With water hydraulically setting, non-flammable, weather-resistant plastering dry mortar with a proportion of fibers and possibly additives that are mixed with water for fixation and external covering of soft ones that promote tension equalization functional adhesive insulation layers or insulation boards. is used in particular on building walls and building ceilings, d a d u r c h g e k e k e n n n n n e i n e t that it, in addition to a hydraulic binding agent, a) Air-entraining agent to improve the processing ability in the prepared state and / or liquefier and / or cellulose ether, b) to improve the adhesiveness polymeric compounds and / or cellulose ethers and / or polyvinyl acetate and / or Polyvinyl alcohol and / or starch derivatives and1 or protein derivatives, c) for improvement the elasticity of polymeric compounds and / or rubber derivatives and / or lurtopore formers. and / or cellulose ether and / or polyvinyl acetate and / or polyvinyl alcohol and / or starch derivatives and / or protein derivatives, dß fibers in a length of 5 to 33 mm, e) Ingredients that change shape due to the effects of weathering and reduce moisture, namely sand and / or filler and / or swelling components andZ or polymeric compounds and / or calhydrate, and f) dry stabilizers, namely Snnd und'oder FUller with defined grading curve and / or polymeric compounds contains. 2. Dry plastering mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that he sand and filler with a density of more than 0.1 g / c 2 in proportions to hydraulic binder from 1: 1 to 10: 1 by volume. 3. Dry plastering mortar according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the fibers are alkali-resistant glass fibers or other mineral fibers with tex numbers from 20 to 200 g / km or a mixture thereof in proportions of 0.3 to 3 Contains% by volume. 4. Dry plastering mortar according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that he hardening accelerator and'or water-repellent and'or frost resistance Contains increasing agents. 5. Use a dry plastering mortar mixed with water one or more of claims u to 4, characterized in that it is functional adhesive layers or plates is applied, their interfaces if necessary are structured and which reduce the thermal conductivity of buildings in particular andJor the fire resistance and / or the weather resistance and / or the improve acoustic resistance and / or impact resistance. 6. Use a dry plastering mortar mixed with water one or more of claims 1 to 4 as a concealed installation, optionally with is provided with a surface structure. 7. Use of a plastering dry mortar mixed with water one or more of claims 1 to 4 as a single-layer plaster.