DE29812795U1 - Device for breaking off a structure having a circumferential wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower - Google Patents

Description

·

&igr; 11 11 — 1 1

I—11 &igr;—&igr; J &igr;

PRÜFER & PARTNER GbR · PATENT ATTORNEYS · EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYS

OA24-12406.1
P/JS/cp/st

Ostermeyer Anbautechnik GmbH, D-88448 Oggelsbeuren, Germany

Device for demolishing a structure with a surrounding wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower

The present invention relates to a device for demolishing a structure having a surrounding wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2 or 3.

A device according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2 or 3 is known from EP 0 320 855 A2. Other devices for demolishing chimneys, each of which uses a single excavator with a demolition tool, which is placed or suspended on the top of the chimney by means of appropriate supports or work platforms, are known from DE 36 35 597 A1 and DE 38 39 677 A1.

Demolishing structures with a surrounding wall, such as chimneys or cooling towers, can be done, for example, by blasting the structures. Another option, which is used in particular when blasting cannot be done or can only be done if there is a significant risk of damage to other buildings or similar, is to use a demolition device of the type mentioned above.

D-81545 MUNICH, HARTHAUSER STR. 25d ■ Telephone (089) 640640 ■ Fax (089) 6422238

2
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for demolishing a structure having a surrounding wall, with which such demolition is possible in an improved manner.

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3.

Further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention makes it possible in particular to selectively move or lock the devices required for laying or supporting the device and the devices required for demolishing the structure in a simple manner. The invention also makes it easy to adapt the size of the device to the diameter of the structure to be demolished. It also makes it easy to transport the device to the upper edge of the structure to be demolished.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of an embodiment with reference to the figures. The figures show:

Fig. la an embodiment of the device for demolishing a structure having a surrounding wall, which is placed on a chimney in the working position;

Fig. Ib is an enlarged view of an embodiment of the bearing of a carriage;

Fig. 2 the embodiment of the device which is pulled up by ropes from the bottom of the chimney;

Fig. 3 is a side view, partially in section of the embodiment of the device raised straight to the crown of the chimney;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the device in the position shown in Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5a and b a schematic representation of the demolition process with a concrete crusher (a) and a concrete hammer
(b) .

An embodiment of the device for demolishing a structure with a circumferential wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower, is shown in Fig. 1 in a working position. The device has a first support part 1 and a second support part 2, which are star-shaped or multi-armed and in the embodiment shown each have three arms. The first support part 1 and the second support part 2 are connected to one another centrally via a pivot bearing 3 in such a way that the first and the second support part can be rotated relative to one another. In the embodiment shown, the first and the second support part 1, 2 can be lengthened or shortened at the ends of their respective arms by attaching or removing segment parts 4. The segment parts 4 and the arms of the two support parts 1, 2 have in the described embodiment a cross section of an isosceles triangle (see Fig. 3) and are used in the support parts 1, 2 with the tip between the equal legs pointing downwards. The segment parts 4 consist of longitudinal struts 13, which are made of square tubes and are connected to one another by cross struts 30, and are connected to one another at the ends of the longitudinal struts 13 or to the support parts 1, 2 at connection points 5. This connection at the connection points 5 can be made by flanges, bolt connections, screw connections or similar. The support parts 1, 2 and the associated segment parts 4 are each designed in such a way that at least the longitudinal struts 13 are designed as rails 13 on their upper side.

are on which slides 6 and 7 can be selectively moved and locked. The slides 6, which can be selectively moved and locked on the arms of the first and, as seen in the direction of the axis of rotation of the pivot bearing 3, upper support part 1 and the associated segment parts 4, each carry a working device 7, referred to below as an excavator, each of which has an arm 8 on which a tool 9a, 9b can be fastened and operated. The slides 7, which can be selectively moved and locked on the arms of the second and, as seen in the direction of the axis of rotation of the pivot bearing 3, lower support part 2 and the associated segment parts 4, are each designed in the form of a support element 10, which has a support head 11 with a support surface 12 and a downwardly directed nose 31 at its outer end.

Fig. 1b shows an enlarged view of the design and arrangement of the carriage 7 on the second support part 2. The carriage 7 has a bearing by means of which the carriage 7 or the associated support element 10 is mounted on the two rails 13, each with an upper (first) and a second (lower) running surface, which are part of the second support part 2 or the corresponding segment parts 4. The bearing has two rolling elements 14a and 14b designed as rollers or wheels and two clamping elements 15a and 15b designed as immovable tubes, wedges or similar per rail. One rolling element 14a is arranged above the rail 13 and thus above the first running surface and the other rolling element 14b is arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the rail 13 from the rolling element 14a below the rail 13 and thus below the second running surface. Close to one roller element 14a, one of the clamping elements 15a is arranged below the rail 13 and thus below the second running surface. The other clamping element 15b is close to the other roller element 14b and thus at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the rail 13 from the one clamping element 15a and above the rail 13 and thus above the first running surface. The roller element 14a and clamping element 15b arranged above the first running surface

are each at a distance from the rolling element 14b and clamping element 15a arranged under the second running surface, the amount of which perpendicular to the connecting line of the elements 14a, 15b arranged above the first running surface and perpendicular to the connecting line of the elements 14b, 15a arranged below the second running surface is each slightly greater than the height of the rail 13 and thus than the distance between the two running surfaces.

The principle of selectively enabling the carriage 7 to be moved and of locking the carriage 7 is as follows. When the carriage 7 is tilted relative to the rail 13 in such a way that the two clamping elements 15a and 15b come into contact with the rail 13, the carriage 7 is locked on the rail 13. In Fig. Ib, this is the case when the support element 10 rests with the support surface 12 on the crown of the chimney and the carriage 7 is tilted accordingly. In Fig. Ib, this first direction of tilting is a tilting movement that rotates the support surface 12 clockwise around the rolling element 14a as a pivot point until first the clamping element 15a and then, with further rotation around the clamping element 15a, the clamping element 15b contacts the rail.

Conversely, the bearing releases the carriage 7 to move on the rail 13 if the rolling elements 14a and 14b come into contact with the rail 13. This is the case, for example, when the support element 10 is lifted off the crown of the chimney and is therefore rotated counterclockwise first around the clamping element 15b and then around the rolling element 14a as a pivot point in Fig. 1b due to its weight distribution (the center of gravity is in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 13 on the side of the rolling element 14a facing away from the upper clamping element 15b).

The slides 6, which can be selectively moved and locked on the upper support part, have an analogous bearing. These bearings can also be designed in such a way that the

corresponding rolling elements and clamping elements do not engage on the top and bottom of a single rail 13, as shown in Fig. 1b, but on a running surface on the top and a running surface on the bottom of the carrier part 1, 2 or the corresponding segment parts 4. For example, in the described embodiment of the segment parts 4 with a cross section of an isosceles triangle and a downward-pointing tip between the same legs, a rolling element 14a and a clamping element 15b can be provided for the two upper longitudinal struts 13, which engage on the top of the longitudinal struts, and a rolling element 14b and a clamping element 15a can be provided for the one lower longitudinal strut 13, which in turn are connected via a holder running on the outside of the segment parts. What is crucial is that the direction of the sequence of the arrangement of rolling element and clamping element above the first running surface is opposite to the direction of the sequence of the arrangement of rolling element and clamping element below the second running surface.

The choice of the position of the center of gravity of the carriage and the support element in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail(s) on the side of the upper rolling element 14a facing away from the upper clamping element 15b (case 1, as described for the support element 10 in Fig. 1b) or on the side of the upper clamping element 15b facing away from the upper rolling element 14a (case 2) then determines whether the bearing automatically releases the carriage's ability to move without an external force and only blocks the ability to move and locks the carriage when a force that exceeds the weight of the carriage and the support element and is opposite to this acts on the center of gravity (case 1) or, conversely, automatically locks the carriage and only releases it when the force acts (case 2).

Two height-adjustable supports 18 are attached to the carriages 6 of the excavators 7 by means of supports 24. The tilting of the carriages 6 to lock the carriages 6 is carried out in one

7
This is achieved on the one hand by placing the height-adjustable supports 18 on the top of the wall 19 and extending the feet 20 of the supports 18 slightly downwards. By extending the feet 20, the bearing or the slide 6 is tilted, similar to placing the support surface 12 on the top of the wall. On the other hand, in this embodiment, a locking mechanism is additionally provided on the slide 6, which firmly grips at least one rail 13 and thus locks the slide 6 as the arm 8 of the associated excavator 7 is moved. This is achieved by short-circuiting a hydraulic cylinder, which actuates the locking mechanism, with the hydraulic system of the excavator arm 8. The purpose of this locking mechanism is to prevent a force applied via the arm 8 of the excavator 7 acting on the wall 19 of the chimney from causing the slide to tilt and thus cancel the locking mechanism.

The supports 24 and height-adjustable supports 18 can be retracted by moving the slides 6 in the direction of the axis of the swivel joint 3. For a slide 6, such a retracted position is not shown in the figures, but for a slide 7 or a support element 10, such a retracted position is shown in Fig. 3.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a, two containers 16 are attached to the top of the first support part 1, which serve as a machine room, in particular for providing a power supply, e.g. with a motor and generator, and a pneumatic or hydraulic supply, and as a lounge for the operating crew. A height-adjustable operating tower 17 is mounted on the containers 16. The operating tower 17 is adjustable in height in such a way that an observer positioned at the top of the operating tower 17 can see the entire working area of the excavators 7 and the support points on the crown of the chimney. Furthermore, spotlights can be attached to the tower 17, as shown in Fig. 1a, so that the working area can also be illuminated at night. Likewise, spotlights can be attached to the excavators 7 and to other

• »··« «i ■·■■·■»♦ ·· ·

Spotlights can be attached to the points of the device in an analogous manner.

As can be clearly seen in Fig. 2 and 3, fastenings for cables 22 in the form of cable winches 21 are provided on the second support part 2. In the present embodiment, one cable winch 21 for each cable 22 is attached to each arm for three cables 21. The cables can be deflected upwards via deflection pulleys 2 3.

The process of moving the device to the top of the chimney to be demolished is now described. The device is first mounted inside the wall 19 of the chimney at the bottom of the chimney (see Fig. 2). Cross beams 25, which are composed of segment parts 4, are attached to the crown of the wall 19 of the chimney via flanges 26. The segment parts 4, which have the described cross section of an isosceles triangle, are used in the cross beams 25 with the tip between the equal legs pointing upwards. In the middle of the respective cross beam 25, there is a fastening 27 for a corresponding cable 22. In this way, the cables 22 are guided from the cables 21 via the pulleys 23 to the fastenings 27 above the wall crown. Then the complete device, which has been mounted on the bottom of the chimney with an outer circumference that is smaller than the inner diameter of the chimney crown (Fig. 3), is hoisted up from the bottom of the chimney (Fig. 2) to the chimney crown (Fig. 3) by winding up the ropes 22 using the rope winches 21. Since the cross beams 25 rest on the wall crown, it is not possible to hoist the device up to a height at which the support elements 10 can be extended to rest on the wall crown. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3, the height-adjustable supports 18 are moved over the crown of the wall 19 by moving the slides 6 outwards from the axis of the swivel joint 3, then the entire device is supported on the wall crown via the height-adjustable supports 18 and by extending the height-adjustable

Supports 18 are raised downwards so far that the support elements 10 with their support surfaces 12 can be moved over the crown of the wall 19. Preferably, the support elements 10 with their support surfaces 12 are pushed over the crown of the wall 19 so far that they press horizontally with the respective nose 31 with a predetermined force against the inner wall of the wall 19 (not shown in the figures). This achieves a centering of the entire device and a safe introduction of the transverse forces caused, for example, by wind into the wall 19. Then the height-adjustable supports 18 are retracted again so that the entire device rests on the crown of the wall 19 via the support surfaces 12 of the support elements 10.

The chimney is basically demolished using the device in a known manner. While the device rests on the top of the wall via the support elements 10, the tools 9a, 9b of the excavator 7 are used to demolish the top of the wall in the areas between and next to the support elements 10. The excavator 7 supports itself on the top of the wall via the height-adjustable supports 18. In the embodiment described here, the carriage 6 of the excavator 7 has a height-adjustable support 18 connected to the carriage 6 via the two supports 24 (see Fig. 4). By placing the height-adjustable supports 18 on the top of the wall 19, the carriage 6 is locked in the manner described above. After the top of the wall has broken off in the area between the two height-adjustable supports 18 and/or possibly also in a certain area to the left and/or right of the supports 18, the excavator is pivoted into a new working area by pivoting the first support part 1 relative to the second support part 2 resting on the top of the wall via the support elements 10, after the feet 20 of the supports 18 have been retracted. During pivoting, the carriage 6 can be locked on the struts 13, for example, by moving the arm 8 of the excavator in the direction of the

• • *
• • * • ·-
• * * ·« ·· ■ · ·· * *.·

swivel joint 3 and thereby the center of gravity of the carriage 6 and excavator 7 is shifted in the direction of the swivel joint so far that the carriage 6 is locked.

This causes the top of the wall to be broken off in a crenellated manner, as shown in Fig. 5a for breaking off with a concrete crusher 9a and in Fig. 5b for breaking off with a concrete hammer 9b. When the area of the chimney between the support elements 10 has been broken off within the reach of the excavator 7, the device is raised via the supports 18 and the second support part 2 is pivoted relative to the first support part 1 and then set down again with the support elements 10 on areas of the top that have already been broken off. The processes are then repeated. When breaking off, a working platform is attached to the outside of the wall in a known manner. This platform serves, among other things, to prevent parts of the chimney to be broken off from falling outwards.

The cross-section of the arms of the support parts 1, 2 and the segment parts 4 can be rectangular or similar instead of triangular. The system of the slides remains basically the same.

In a further embodiment, the container 16 serving as the machine room is omitted and the power and pneumatic or hydraulic supply etc. are integrated into the cross-section of the arms of the upper support part. The cross-section is then preferably rectangular in order to create sufficient space. The container 16 serving as the lounge and the operating tower 17 are still provided on the upper side.

In another embodiment, instead of the cable winches 21, hooks or similar are provided as fastenings for the cables. The necessary cable winches are then anchored to the bottom of the chimney using anchor bolts or fixed using weights.

•*♦»·

In a further embodiment, the feet 20 of the supports 18 are provided with clamping devices so that the feet 20 can be clamped to the crown of the wall 19. In this way, the torsional forces generated during work can be diverted into the wall 19 and the supporting parts I _x 2 are consequently essentially only subjected to bending stress. Therefore, these supporting parts can be built more lightly in this embodiment.

Claims (11)

# ft 12 Protection claims 1. Device for demolishing a structure with a surrounding wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower with a first multi-armed support part (1),
a second multi-armed support part (2), a pivot bearing (3) which connects the first and second carrier parts so as to be rotatable relative to one another, and
at least one slide (S, 7) displaceable on at least one of the arms of the support parts,
characterized, that the carriage can be selectively moved and locked in the longitudinal direction of the arm, and that the carriage has a bearing with rolling elements (14a, b) and clamping elements (15a, b), which is designed such that tilting of the carriage (6, 7) relative to the arm into a first relative position causes the clamping elements (15a, b) to engage with the arm to lock the carriage and tilting into a second relative position causes the rolling elements (14a, b) to come into contact with the arm and release the clamping elements (15a, b) from the arm to release a displacement of the carriage (6, 7). 2. Device for demolishing a structure with a surrounding wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower with a first multi-armed support part (1), a second multi-armed support part (2), a pivot bearing (3) which connects the first and second carrier parts so that they can rotate relative to one another, and at least one carriage (6, 7) displaceable on at least one of the arms of the support parts, characterized, that the carriage carries a support element (10) for placing the device on the edge of the structure or a working device (7) such as an excavator with a concrete crusher (9a), that the arms of the support parts (1, 2) consist at least partially of segment parts (4) which have connection points (5) at which the segment parts (4) can be connected to one another and can thus be attached or removed, and that the carriage (6, 7) can be moved away from the outer end of the arm in such a way that a segment part (4) can be attached or removed. 3. Device for demolishing a structure with a surrounding wall, such as a chimney or a cooling tower with a first multi-armed support part (1),
a second multi-armed support part (2), a pivot bearing (3) which connects the first and second carrier parts so that they can rotate relative to one another such that the first carrier part (1) is arranged above the second carrier part (2) as seen in the direction of the axis of rotation, and
Slides that can be moved on the arms of the support parts characterized, that the device has a fastening (21) for at least one rope (22) on the second support part (2), that at least one height-adjustable support (18) for supporting the device on the edge of the structure is attached to the carriage (6) of at least three arms of the first support part (1), that a support element (10) with a support surface (12) for placing the device on the edge of the structure is provided on the carriage (7) of at least three arms of the second support part (2), and that the stroke of the height adjustability of the height-adjustable supports (18) is at least greater than the distance in the height direction between the highest position of the respective support (18) and the support surface (12) of the support elements (10). 4. Device according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized, that the carriage can be selectively moved and locked in the longitudinal direction of the arm, and that the carriage has a bearing with rolling elements (14a, b) and clamping elements (15a, b), which is designed such that tilting of the carriage (6, 7) relative to the arm into a first relative position causes the clamping elements (15a, b) to engage with the arm to lock the carriage, and tilting into a second relative position causes the rolling elements (14a, b) to come into contact with the arm and release the clamping elements (15a, b) from the arm to release a displacement of the carriage (6, 7). 5. Device according to claim 1 or 3,
characterized, that the carriage carries a support element (10) for placing the device on the edge of the structure or a working device (7) such as an excavator with a concrete crusher (9a),
that the arms of the support parts (1, 2) consist at least partially of segment parts (4) which have connection points (5) at which the segment parts (4) can be connected to one another and can thus be attached or removed, and
that the carriage (6, 7) can be displaced away from the outer end of the arm in such a way that a segment part (4) can be attached or removed. 6. Device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized, that the device has a fastening (21) for at least one cable (22) on the second support part (2),
that at least one height-adjustable support (18) for supporting the device on the edge of the structure is attached to the carriage (6) of at least three arms of the first support part (1), that a support element (10) with a support surface (12) for placing the device on the edge of the structure is provided on the carriage (7) of at least three arms of the second support part (2), and that the stroke of the height adjustability of the height-adjustable supports (18) is at least greater than the distance in the height direction between the highest position of the respective support (18) and the support surface (12) of the support elements (10). 7. Device according to claim 1 or 4 to 6,
characterized, that the arm has at least one upper and one lower running surface, each of which extends in the longitudinal direction of the arm in a first direction away from the pivot joint (3) substantially radially outwards, that the bearing has at least two rolling elements (14a, b) and two clamping elements (15a, b), that a rolling element (14a) and a clamping element (15b) are arranged at a first distance in a second direction from each other and above the upper running surface and another clamping element (15a) and another rolling element (14b) are arranged at a second distance in a third direction and below the lower running surface, that the upper and lower running surfaces are parallel and have a third distance, that the rolling element (14a) and the clamping element (15b) above the upper running surface on the one hand from the other rolling element (14b) and from the other clamping element (15a) below the lower running surface on the other hand each have at least one distance, the amount of which in a fourth direction perpendicular to the second direction and the amount of which in a fifth direction perpendicular to the third direction is greater than the third distance, and that the sequence in which the rolling element (14a) and the clamping element (15b) are arranged above the upper running surface in the second direction is reversed to the sequence in which the other rolling element (14b) and the other clamping element (15a) are arranged below the lower running surface in the projection onto the second direction. ** A* Ii * A Ii » * * 8. Device according to claim 7,
characterized, that the second and third directions are parallel. 9. Device according to one of claims 2 or 4 to 8,
characterized, that the segment parts (4) consist of interconnected struts (13), and that the struts (13) on the top and/or bottom of the segment parts are designed such that they have running surfaces for supporting and guiding the carriage (6, 7). 10. Device according to one of claims 3 to 9,
characterized, that the height adjustment of the supports (18) is carried out pneumatically or hydraulically. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized, that the first and the second support part (1, 2) each have three arms, that the slides (6, 7) are each arranged on the upper side of the arms, that the two support parts (1, 2) are connected centrally by the swivel joint (3), that one or more containers (16) serving for machine and spare parts storage or as a lounge area can be attached to the top of the first support part (1), and
that a tower (17) is provided, the height of which is selected or can be selected such that the edge of the structure is visible from the tower in all directions.