DE29613213U1 - Medical neck tie - Google Patents

Description

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G132BM96

Description

Medical neck tie

The invention relates to a medical neck collar according to the preamble of claim 1.

Neck braces are medical devices that are used as supports for injuries and complaints in the cervical spine area. The neck braces are placed around the patient's neck and fixed in such a way that they support the area around the cervical spine and at the same time relieve the spine.

Conventional, commercially available neck ties are often made of soft materials for reasons of comfort and can therefore be folded up small if necessary. However, the soft design of the neck ties at least partially reduces the support and stabilization function for the cervical vertebrae area.

Rigid neck ties, on the other hand, have a significantly better support and stabilization function. An orthopedic neck tie of this kind is known from DE 33 18 938 A1, which comprises a rigid upper tie part and a rigid lower tie part, which interlock telescopically and are held in place so that they can be moved lengthwise via a central pressure chamber for height adjustment.

The disadvantage of this type of neck tie is that the rigid structure provides good support, but on the other hand does not provide any individual

The neck collar can be adapted to the patient's physical conditions, for example in the chin area and shoulder support area. Furthermore, the rigid design of the neck collar encourages chafing of the patient's neck area and therefore makes it less comfortable to wear. Another disadvantage of this neck collar is its awkwardness and space requirements, as it cannot be folded up small due to its rigid design and therefore requires a lot of storage space. This means that such a rigid neck collar is only partially suitable for storage in ambulances with limited space, which should be equipped with such neck collars in particular for the rapid treatment of cervical spine injuries directly at the scene of the accident.

An improved neck tie of this type is described in DE-GM 90 00 599 and consists of a cuff that includes a chin rest, a shoulder rest and an intermediate piece that acts as a spacer and provides support between the chin rest and the shoulder rest, the cuff having air chambers that can be inflated with air, which are provided with a valve and have a specific shape and support function for a patient depending on the degree of inflation. Furthermore, such a cuff has a first lateral cuff end and an opposite second lateral cuff end. A first and a second fastening part are formed at least partially in the area of the first and second lateral cuff ends, respectively, preferably as a Velcro fastener, the first and second fastening parts being connectable to one another in such a way that the cuff forms a ring shape.

This cuff consists of a combination of several ring-shaped air chambers stacked on top of each other, which are connected to each other via connecting channels to form a common air chamber.

An upper air chamber on the chin side of the air chamber assembly serves as a chin rest, while a lower air chamber on the shoulder side serves as a shoulder rest. The rest of the one-piece air chamber assembly, which is arranged between the chin rest and the shoulder rest, ultimately performs a supporting function as an intermediate piece. The disadvantage, however, is that during the inflation process, the pressure in the connected air chambers is increased together and at the same time. This means that an individually adjustable adjustment to the different conditions, for example in the chin area and in the shoulder support area of a patient, is not possible separately.

In another embodiment, the lower air chamber of this cuff is connected to a rigid shoulder support, so that the cuff rests on the patient's shoulders at certain points. This means that only specific support is possible and therefore no individual adjustment to the patient's shoulder area is possible, and the rigid shoulder support also offers little comfort when worn.

The object of the invention is to create a medical neck collar, in particular for use in the rapid medical care of cervical spine injuries directly at the scene of the accident, which is easy to fold, inexpensive and easily adaptable to individual physical conditions, and also has a good support and stabilization function and is very comfortable to wear.

This problem is solved with the features of claim 1.

According to claim 1, the chin rest is designed as an upper air chamber provided with a first valve and the shoulder rest is designed as a lower air chamber provided with a second valve. The upper and lower air chambers are made of a flexible material and

can be easily placed around the patient's neck when inflated. Furthermore, the separate inflation of the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber ensures that they can be individually adjusted to the different chin and shoulder shapes of each patient. This makes it particularly easy and quick to set up an immobilization that is adapted to the different physical conditions in the patient's chin, back of the head, neck and shoulder area and thus support the cervical vertebrae. In addition to normal medical use for cervical spine patients, this is also of particular medical advantage in the rapid treatment of injured persons with suspected or recognizable injuries to the cervical spine area directly at the scene of the accident. Depending on the degree of inflation of the lower and upper air chambers, the cuff extends in the longitudinal direction of the body between the shoulder area and the chin area of the patient, with the lower air chamber resting on the shoulder area and the upper air chamber resting on the chin area, thereby simultaneously stabilizing and relieving the cervical vertebrae area. Furthermore, a cuff according to the invention can be folded up small when the upper and lower air chambers are not inflated and therefore only requires a small amount of space, which is particularly advantageous in emergency ambulances with limited storage space.

According to claim 2, an intermediate piece as a spacer between the upper and lower air chambers has a stiffening element that is stiff in the longitudinal direction of the body and flexible in the circumferential direction of the body. This stiffening element runs, when the cuff is in place, preferably along the circumferential direction of the cuff and is essentially vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the patient’s body between the upper and lower air chambers and supports them. This results in stretching and/or stabilizing the cervical spine when the upper and lower air chambers are inflated at the same time, while the cuff

when not inflated, it can be folded up small and is therefore easy to stack. Alternatively, it would be conceivable that the intermediate piece only extends partially over the circumference of the cuff as a stiffening element.

In an alternative embodiment, the intermediate piece as a spacer according to claim 3 comprises at least two stiffening elements between the upper and lower air chambers, which are parallel to one another at a certain distance from one another and essentially vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body. Preferably, however, a plurality of such stiffening elements are arranged distributed around the circumference of the intermediate piece. When the cuff is in place, these stiffening elements preferably run along the circumferential direction of the cuff between the upper and lower air chambers and support them. Preferably, the at least two stiffening elements are designed as conventional rods, which can have a flattened and/or round geometry. The distance between the at least two stiffening elements is advantageously chosen so that the cuff ensures a sufficient support and stabilization function for the neck area. Here, too, the cuff can be easily folded together when the upper and lower air chambers are deflated.

According to claim 4, the intermediate piece has at least one receiving element along the circumference of the intermediate piece for the storage and axial fixing of the at least one stiffening element. Particularly preferably, the stiffening elements designed as rods can be interchangeably inserted into insertion pockets arranged over the circumference of a ring element of the intermediate piece and open on one side. The insertion opening is designed in such a way that it is impossible for the rods to fall out. Alternatively, the stiffening elements can be

stiffening elements can also be fixed in another way along the intermediate piece, e.g. they can be inserted into the intermediate piece in a non-interchangeable manner.

In an alternative embodiment according to claim 5, the intermediate piece has a middle air chamber made of flexible material and provided with a separate valve as a spacer. When the cuff is in the inflated state, this middle air chamber extends in a tubular shape at least partially along the circumferential direction of the cuff and essentially vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body between the upper and lower air chambers and supports them. This ensures a stabilizing and supporting function of the cervical spine in a particularly advantageous way, since the cuff can be customized and thus better adapted to the patient's chin, neck and shoulders by inflating the upper, middle and lower air chambers separately.

In an alternative embodiment to claim 5, the neck tie according to claim 6 has an intermediate piece as a spacer with at least two air chambers running horizontally to the longitudinal direction of the body and provided with a valve. These at least two air chambers run parallel to one another along the circumferential direction of the cuff, whereby the air chambers are connected to one another via connecting channels so that their inflatable capacity is ensured via a valve. When the cuff is put on with the lower and upper air chambers inflated at the same time, the at least two horizontal air chambers, which are also inflated, also extend essentially vertically in the longitudinal direction of the body between the upper and lower air chambers and support them in such a way that the cervical spine is stabilized and/or stretched.

Furthermore, the intermediate piece according to claim 7, as an alternative to claim or claim 6, has at least two air chambers that are vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body and are provided with a valve as spacers between the upper and lower air chambers. However, a plurality of connected air chambers are preferably arranged distributed around the circumference of the intermediate piece. These at least two air chambers are also arranged at a certain distance from one another, parallel to the circumference of the intermediate piece along the circumferential direction of the cuff and are connected to one another via connecting channels. Here too,

“The cuff, when applied and inflated, has a stabilizing and supporting function on the cervical vertebrae of a patient due to the at least two middle air chambers running essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the body in conjunction with the upper and lower air chambers, such that the cervical spine is stretched and the cervical vertebrae are relieved.

In the embodiments of the intermediate piece as an inflatable middle air chamber according to claims 5 to 7, in which the air chamber(s) are made of flexible material, a cuff is produced which, in addition to a stable support function, also enables a high level of comfort. Here too, the cuffs can be folded up small when deflated and can therefore be stored or stacked in the tightest of spaces.

In addition, the intermediate piece is constructed from both inflatable air chambers and rods, resulting in a particularly stable neck tie that is also very comfortable to wear.

According to claim 8, the air chamber(s) formed on the intermediate piece are arranged on an outer side of a ring element and extend radially away from the ring element in the inflated state

outwards, whereby the ring element preferably also runs along the circumferential direction of the cuff. This ensures that the air chamber(s) of the intermediate piece do not expand inwards towards the patient's neck area when inflated and thus constrict the patient's neck area.

Furthermore, the intermediate piece according to claim 9 is provided with air passages at least partially along the circumference of the cuff. This prevents the patient from sweating in the neck area, which is unpleasant, and ensures good wearing comfort.

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 10, the upper air chamber has a recess at an air chamber end on the chin side, which can be adjusted to the chin area of a patient when the upper air chamber is inflated and when the cuff is on. This makes it particularly easy to increase the wearing comfort of a neck tie according to the invention.

According to claim 11, in a further preferred embodiment, the upper air chamber and/or the intermediate piece are designed in such a way that the inflated upper air chamber, when the cuff is in place, is inclined against a plane that is horizontal to the longitudinal axis of the body. This ensures that the upper air chamber runs from the chin area upwards in the direction of the back of the head, so that the back of the head and the chin can be comfortably supported when the head is held straight. Overall, the cuff completely stabilizes and supports the cervical spine area from the back of the head downwards in the direction of the back area in a simple and, from an orthopedic point of view, particularly advantageous manner.

According to claim 12, the lower air chamber has an air chamber end on the shoulder side that comprises a first element on the shoulder joint side, a second element on the shoulder joint side, a flat element on the chest side and a flat element on the back side. When the cuff is in place and the lower air chamber is inflated, both the first and the second element on the shoulder joint side extend from the intermediate piece along an upper shoulder support area, preferably essentially horizontally to the longitudinal axis of the body, in the direction of the shoulder joints of the patient. In contrast, when the cuff is in place and the lower air chamber is inflated, the element on the chest side and the element on the back side extend from the intermediate piece along the longitudinal axis of the body, flatly downwards, in the direction of the upper chest and upper back areas, so that these are covered over a large area.

This results in a particularly advantageous and simple adaptation of the lower air chamber to the individual body shape of a patient in the shoulder area. The flat support by means of the two shoulder joint-side elements on the two shoulder support areas and the simultaneous flat covering of the upper chest and back area by the chest and back-side elements also ensures an excellent stabilization and support function of the entire cuff in the cervical spine area. Furthermore, this individual adaptation of the lower air chamber to the shoulder, chest and back area according to the invention ensures a particularly high level of wearing comfort, in contrast to the only point support of rigid shoulder supports known from the prior art. This cuff thus stabilizes the entire cervical spine from the area behind the head to the extended cervical spine area on the patient's back.

At the same time, this type of design of the lower air chamber also enables the entire cuff to be arranged in a torsion-proof manner.

According to claim 13, a first and a second closure part are designed on an outside of a first and a second lateral cuff end in such a way that they each extend in one piece in the longitudinal direction of the body and at least partially in the circumferential direction of the body over the upper air chamber, the intermediate piece and the lower air chamber. Furthermore, the first and second closure parts are designed to be displaceable and fixable relative to one another in order to adjust an individual ring diameter of the cuff. If the two closure parts are connected to one another, it is ensured that the cuff forms a stable ring shape that can be individually adjusted to the respective neck diameter of a patient, which ensures an optimal support function. Alternatively, the closure elements on the end parts of the cuff can also extend over only one or more partial areas in the longitudinal direction of the body, but in this case it must always be ensured that the support function of the cuff is not impaired.

According to claim 14, the first and second fastening parts are preferably designed as a Velcro fastener that is easy to handle and ensures good fixation. These first and second fastening parts are expediently arranged on the opposite side of the chin area, as fastening parts can be attached more easily there due to the cervical spine area being less angular and square than the chin area. Here, a Velcro fastener that is easy to remove proves to be particularly advantageous, as is the case, for example, in the context of hasty handling of emergency care. Alternatively, other adjustment elements can also be provided, such as a zipper arrangement or a hook-eye connection.

According to claim 15, an upper air chamber on the chin-side air chamber end and/or the upper air chamber and the intermediate piece on the neck-side inner peripheral surface are provided with a textile covering. This can also ensure that the cuff does not rub against the patient's chin and neck area.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. They show:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a cuff applied to the patient,

Fig. 2 is a rear view of a first embodiment of a cuff applied to the patient,

Fig. 3 is a front view of a first embodiment of a cuff applied to the patient,

Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an intermediate piece shown in Figs. 1 to 3,

Fig. 5 a second embodiment of a cuff,

Fig. 6 is a representation of a section through an intermediate piece shown in Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of a cuff, and

Fig. 8 is a representation of a section through an intermediate piece shown in Fig. 7.

The illustrations in Figs. 1 to 3 show a side view (Fig. 1), a rear view (Fig. 2) and a front view (Fig. 3) of a cuff 1 which is applied to a patient 2.

The cuff 1 consists of an upper air chamber 4 that is separately inflatable via a first valve 3, a lower air chamber 6 that is separately inflatable via a second valve 5, and an intermediate piece 8 that is also separately inflatable via a valve 7, which is arranged between the upper air chamber 4 and the lower air chamber 6, supporting them over the circumference of the cuff 1.

The upper air chamber 4 is tubular and has a recess 10 for the chin 11 of the patient 2 at an air chamber end 9 on the chin side, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 3. Furthermore, the upper air chamber 4 is firmly connected to an upper intermediate piece end 13 via an intermediate piece end 12 along the circumference of the cuff 1. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the intermediate piece 8 runs from the chin area 11 of the patient 2 diagonally upwards to a back of the head area 14, so that the upper air chamber 4, viewed as a whole, assumes a position inclined against a horizontal plane to the longitudinal axis of the body.

The intermediate piece 8 also has a number of air chambers 15 arranged vertically in the longitudinal direction of the body on the circumference of the intermediate piece 8, which are inflatablely connected to one another via connecting channels 16. The air chambers 15 are aligned parallel to one another at a certain distance and extend between the upper air chamber 4 and the lower air chamber 6, supporting the latter. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 4, which shows a schematic cross section through the intermediate piece 8, the air chambers 15 are arranged on an outer side 38 of a ring element 37 and extend in the open

blown state radially outwards from the ring element 37. The ring element 37 runs along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 1.

Furthermore, air passages for ventilating a neck area 18 of the patient 2 are provided on the ring element 37 of the intermediate piece 8 in the areas between the inflatable air chambers 15.

The intermediate piece 8 is also firmly connected to an air chamber end 20 on the intermediate piece side via a lower intermediate piece end 19 along the circumference of the cuff 1. As can be seen in particular from Figs. 2 and 3, the lower air chamber 6 also comprises an air chamber end 21 on the shoulder side, which comprises a first shoulder joint side element 22, a second shoulder joint side element 23, a flat, chest side element 24 and a flat, back side element 25. The first shoulder joint side element 22 and the second shoulder joint side element 23 extend from the intermediate piece 8 along upper shoulder support areas 26 in the direction of the shoulder joints of the patient 2. In contrast, the chest-side element 24 and the back-side element 25 extend from the intermediate piece 8 along the longitudinal axis of the body downwards and cover the upper chest area 27 and the upper back area 28 over a large area.

As is only schematically indicated in Fig. 2, a first lateral cuff end 29 and a second lateral cuff end 30 have a first closure part 31 and a second closure part 32, which are connected to one another so that the cuff 1 is arranged in a form-fitting manner around the neck region 18 of the patient 2. The first closure part 31 and the second closure part 32 extend in

Body lengthwise via the upper air chamber 4, the intermediate piece 8 and the lower air chamber 6.

Further embodiments of the intermediate piece are shown schematically in Figs. 5 to 8.

In Fig. 5, a cuff 1 has an intermediate piece 8 that includes horizontally running air chambers 34 that are inflatablely connected to one another via connecting channels via a valve 7. The air chambers 34 run over the entire circumference of the intermediate piece 8 (see Fig. 6) and, when inflated, have a substantially vertical extension in the longitudinal direction of the body, so that the upper air chamber 4 and the lower air chamber 6 are stably supported in the longitudinal direction of the body (see Fig. 5). As can be seen in particular from Fig. 6, the air chambers 34 are arranged on an outer side 38 of a ring element 37 and, when inflated, extend radially outward from the ring element 37. The ring element 37 runs over the entire circumference of the cuff 1.

In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the intermediate piece 8 has rods 36 that are aligned parallel to one another at a certain distance around the circumference and run vertically between the upper air chamber 4 and the lower air chamber and also support them in the longitudinal direction of the body. The rods 36 are arranged on an outer side 38 of a ring element 37.

The function of a neck tie according to the invention as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 is described below:

When using the cuff 1 according to the invention, for example in the context of the rapid treatment of an accident victim, the cuff 1 is placed around the neck area 18 of the patient 2 and secured with the closure parts

31, 32 are fixed in a manner adapted to the individual neck shape 18 of the patient 2. An inflation device (not shown here), e.g. a hand-operated pump, is then connected to the valve 7 and the air chambers 15 of the intermediate piece 8 are inflated, whereby the connection of the individual air chambers 15 via the connecting channels 16 results in a uniform expansion of the intermediate piece 8 in essentially the longitudinal direction of the body. This means that the air chambers 15 extend in a way that is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the body between the shoulder area 33 and the chin area 11 of the patient 2, depending on the degree of inflation, and form a stable intermediate piece 8. Then either the lower air chamber 6 or the upper air chamber 4 is inflated first via the corresponding valves 5 and 6 using the inflation device. The upper air chamber 4 supports both the chin area 11 of the patient 2 and the back of the head area 14 due to the upper intermediate piece end 13 running diagonally upwards.

The lower air chamber 6 also adapts to the individual shoulder shape of the patient 2. When fully inflated, the already stabilized intermediate piece 8 supports the upper air chamber 4 between its upper intermediate piece end 13 and the chin area 11 of the patient 2, as well as the lower air chamber 6 between its lower intermediate piece end 19 and the upper shoulder support areas 26 of the patient 2, whereby an overall stable structure of the cuff 1 with optimal support function for the cervical spine area is achieved.

When all three air chamber elements 4, 6 and 15 are inflated, the result is a cuff 1 that can be individually adjusted to the respective conditions, which ensures optimal stabilization and support functions, and can be folded up small when deflated.

Claims (15)

G 132BM 96 claims 1. Medical neck collar, consisting of a cuff that includes a chin rest, a shoulder rest and an intermediate piece that acts as a spacer to provide support between the chin rest and the shoulder rest, air chambers that can be inflated with air and are equipped with a valve and, depending on the degree of inflation, have a specific shape and support function for a patient, with a first lateral cuff end and an opposite, second lateral cuff end, and with a first closure part formed at least partially in the region of the first lateral cuff end and a second closure part formed at least partially in the region of the second lateral cuff end wherein the first closure part and the second closure part can be connected to one another in such a way that the cuff forms a ring shape, characterized, that the chin rest is designed as an upper air chamber (4) provided with a first valve (3), and that the shoulder support is designed as a lower air chamber (6) provided with a second valve (5), so that the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) can be supplied separately to the individual can be adapted to the patient’s chin or shoulder shape (2), wherein the cuff (I] extends in the longitudinal direction of the body between the shoulder area (33] and the chin area (H] in a manner adjustable depending on the degree of inflation of the upper air chambers (4] and the lower air chambers (6]. 2. Medical neck collar according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) as a spacer at least partially along the circumferential direction of the cuff (1) has a stiffening element that is rigid in the longitudinal direction of the body and flexible in the circumferential direction of the body, which extends essentially vertically in the longitudinal direction of the body between the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) and supports them in such a way that stretching and/or stabilization of the cervical spine can be achieved in the inflated state of the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6). 3. Medical neck collar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) comprises, as a spacer along the circumferential direction of the cuff (1), at least two stiffening elements (36) which are parallel to one another at a certain distance and essentially vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body, in particular a plurality of rods distributed around the circumference of the intermediate piece (8), which extend between the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) over the circumference of the intermediate piece and support them in such a way that stretching and/or stabilization of the cervical spine can be achieved in the inflated state of the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6). 4. Medical neck collar according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) has at least one receiving element along the circumference of the intermediate piece (8) for the storage and axial fixing of the at least one stiffening element. 5. Medical neck collar according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate piece [8] as a spacer has at least partially along the circumferential direction of the cuff (I) a middle air chamber provided with a valve (7) and made of flexible material, which in the applied, inflated state of the cuff (I) extends in a tubular shape and essentially vertically aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body between the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) and supports them in such a way that a stabilization and/or extension of the cervical spine can be achieved. 6. Medical neck collar according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) as a spacer at least partially along the circumferential direction of the cuff (I) has at least two air chambers (34) which run horizontally to the longitudinal direction of the body and parallel to one another over the circumference of the intermediate piece (8), are provided with a valve (7) and are made of flexible material, which are connected to one another via connecting channels (35) and, when the cuff (I) is in place and inflated, also extend essentially vertically in the longitudinal direction of the body between the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) and support them in such a way that they stabilize and/or stretch the cervical spine. 7. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) serves as a spacer. at least two air chambers (15) that are aligned essentially vertically in the longitudinal direction of the body and arranged at a certain distance from one another parallel over the circumference of the intermediate piece (8) along the circumferential direction of the cuff (1), provided with a valve (7) and made of flexible material, preferably a plurality of air chambers that are distributed along the circumference of the intermediate piece (8), which are connected to one another via connecting channels (16) and, when the cuff (1) is in place and inflated, support the upper air chamber (4) and the lower air chamber (6) in such a way that they stabilize and/or stretch the cervical spine. 8. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the air chamber(s) (15; 34) formed on the intermediate piece (8) are arranged on an outer side (38) of a ring element (37) and, in the inflated state, extend radially outward from the ring element (37), the ring element (37) preferably running along the circumferential direction of the cuff (I). 9. Medical neck collar according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the intermediate piece (8) is provided with air passages (17) at least in regions along the circumference of the cuff (1), so that a neck region (18) of the patient (2) is ventilated. 10. Medical neck collar according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper air chamber (4) has a recess (10) at an air chamber end (9) on the chin side, which recess can be adjusted to the chin area (11) of a patient (2) when the upper air chamber (4) is inflated and when the cuff (1) is in place. 11. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the upper air chamber (4) and/or optionally the intermediate piece (8) are designed in such a way that the inflated upper air chamber (4) is inclined against a horizontal plane to the longitudinal axis of the patient's body (2) when the cuff (1) is in place and runs diagonally upwards from the chin area (11) in the direction of a back of the head area (14), so that comfortable support of the back of the head area (14) and the chin area (11) is possible when the head is held straight. 12. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the lower air chamber (6) has a shoulder-side air chamber end (21) which comprises a first shoulder-joint-side element (22), a second shoulder-joint-side element (23), a flat chest-side element (24) and a flat back-side element (25), wherein the first shoulder-joint-side element (22) and the second shoulder-joint-side element (23) each extend from the intermediate piece (8) along upper shoulder support areas (26) essentially horizontally to the longitudinal axis of the body in the direction of the shoulder joints of the patient (2) when the cuff (1) is inflated and the lower air chamber (6) is inflated, and the chest-side element (24) and the back-side element (25) extend from the intermediate piece (8) along upper shoulder support areas (26) essentially horizontally to the longitudinal axis of the body in the direction of the shoulder joints of the patient (2) when the cuff (1) is inflated. The intermediate piece (8) extends flatly downwards along the longitudinal axis of the body towards the upper chest area (27) or upper back area (28) and covers them over a large area, so that the shoulder-side air chamber end (21) and thus the lower air chamber end (6) are aligned with the first shoulder-joint-side element (22) and with the second shoulder-joint-side element (23) on the shoulder area (33) of the patient (2) and furthermore, with the chest-side element (24) and the back-side element (25), it covers the chest area (27) and the back area (28) of the patient (2). 13. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the first closure part (31) on the outside of the cuff (1) in the region of the first lateral cuff end (29) runs in the longitudinal direction of the body and at least partially in the circumferential direction of the body in one piece over the upper air chamber (4), over the intermediate piece (8) and over the lower air chamber (6), and that the second closure part (32) on the outside of the cuff (1) in the region of the second lateral cuff end (30) runs in the longitudinal direction of the body and at least partially in the circumferential direction of the body in one piece over the upper air chamber (4), over the intermediate piece (8) and over the lower air chamber (6), and that the first closure part (31) and the second closure part (32) are designed to be displaceable and fixable relative to one another in order to adjust an individual ring diameter of the cuff (1). 14. Medical neck tie according to claim 13, characterized in that the first closure part (31) and the second closure part (32) are designed as a Velcro fastener. 15. Medical neck tie according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the upper air chamber (4) on the chin-side air chamber end (9) and/or the upper air chamber (4) and the intermediate piece (8) on the neck-side inner peripheral surface have a textile covering.