DE29506204U1 - Device for producing a three-dimensional object - Google Patents
Device for producing a three-dimensional objectInfo
- Publication number
- DE29506204U1 DE29506204U1 DE29506204U DE29506204U DE29506204U1 DE 29506204 U1 DE29506204 U1 DE 29506204U1 DE 29506204 U DE29506204 U DE 29506204U DE 29506204 U DE29506204 U DE 29506204U DE 29506204 U1 DE29506204 U1 DE 29506204U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- side wall
- carrier
- edge
- seal
- lip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
- G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49018—Laser sintering of powder in layers, selective laser sintering SLS
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Description
PRÜFER & PARTNER ■ PATENTANWÄLTE · EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYSEXAMINERS & PARTNERS ■ PATENT ATTORNEYS · EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYS
EP 114-9542.1 P/DHEP 114-9542.1 P/DH
EOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems, PlaneggEOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems, Planegg
Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen ObjektesDevice for producing a three-dimensional object
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes nach dem Oberbegriff des Schutzanspruches 1 bzw. 2.The invention relates to a device for producing a three-dimensional object according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der WO 92/08566 bekannt. Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung ergibt sich das Problem, daß der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Rand des Objektträgers bzw. des das pulverförmige Material nachliefernden Materialträgers und den den Rand jeweils umgebenden Zylinderwänden gegen eindringendes Pulvermaterial abgedichtet werden muß, um die Funktionsfähigkeit des Objektträgers bzw. der Materialzufuhr zu erhalten. Ferner führt eine fehlende Abdichtung zu einem erheblichen Materialverlust.Such a device is known from WO 92/08566. The known device has the problem that the space between the edge of the object carrier or the material carrier supplying the powdered material and the cylinder walls surrounding the edge must be sealed against the ingress of powder material in order to maintain the functionality of the object carrier or the material supply. Furthermore, a lack of sealing leads to a considerable loss of material.
Eine bekannte Lösung besteht in der Abdichtung des Zwischenraumes mit einem O-Ring, der in eine am Rand des Objekt- bzw. Materialträgers umlaufende Nut eingelegt ist.A known solution is to seal the gap with an O-ring that is inserted into a groove around the edge of the object or material carrier.
Diese Art der Abdichtung ist jedoch für die Verwendung von Pulvermaterial sehr geringer Korngröße, beispielsweise imHowever, this type of sealing is suitable for the use of powder material with very small grain size, for example in
D-81545 MÜNCHEN, HARTHAUSER.S«T.R4-2§cfc«»"fe]>eto.n,{»89J«64G64.&»Jftex 522962 pruef d ■ Telefax (089) 6422238D-81545 MUNICH, HARTHAUSER.S«TR 4 -2§cfc«»"fe] > eto.n,{»89J«64G64.&»Jftex 522962 pruef d ■ Telefax (089) 6422238
Mikrometerbereich., wie es beim Lasersintern verwendet wird, nicht geeignet. Um eine gute Abdichtung gegen Material dieser Korngröße zu erhalten, muß der O-Rxng zwischen den zu dichtenden Teilen stark zusammengedrückt werden, wodurch das Verschieben des Trägers erschwert ist. Wird der O-Ring nur geringfügig zusammengedrückt so daß der Träger leicht verschiebbar ist, ist die Dichtung nur ungenügend.Micrometer range, as used in laser sintering, is not suitable. In order to achieve a good seal against material of this grain size, the O-ring between the parts to be sealed must be strongly compressed, which makes it difficult to move the carrier. If the O-ring is only slightly compressed so that the carrier can be moved easily, the seal is inadequate.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes mittels Lasersintern bereitzustellen, die auch für die Verwendung von Pulvermaterial geringer Korngrößen geeignet ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device for producing a three-dimensional object by means of laser sintering, which is also suitable for the use of powder material with small grain sizes.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bzw. 2.The object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 or 2.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gegeben.Further developments of the invention are given in the subclaims.
Weitere Merkmale und Zweckmäßigkeiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Figuren.Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments with reference to the figures.
Von den Figuren zeigen:From the figures show:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Querschnittsansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung undFig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention and
Fig. 2 eine Querschnittsansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Dichtung zwischen den zu dichtenden Teilen.Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seal according to the invention between the parts to be sealed.
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, weist die Vorrichtung einen an seiner Oberseite offenen Behälter 1 mit einer Seitenwand 2 und einem oberen Rand 3 auf. Durch den oberen Rand ist eine Arbeitsebene 3 0 definiert. In den Behälter 1 ist ein Träger mit einer im wesentlichen ebenen und parallel zu dem oberen Rand 3 des Behälters ausgerichteten Oberseite 5 zum Tragen eines zu bildenden Objektes 6 angeordnet. Auf der Oberseite des Trägers 4 befindet sich das Objekt 6, welches aus einerAs can be seen from Fig. 1, the device has a container 1 that is open at its top with a side wall 2 and an upper edge 3. A working plane 3 0 is defined by the upper edge. In the container 1, a carrier with an essentially flat upper side 5 aligned parallel to the upper edge 3 of the container is arranged for carrying an object 6 to be formed. On the upper side of the carrier 4 is the object 6, which consists of a
Mehrzahl von sich parallel zu der Oberseite 5 ersteckenden Schichten eines mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung verfestigbaren pulverförmigen Aufbaumateriales 7 in der später beschriebenen Weise aufgebaut. Der Träger 4 weist in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der Seitenwand 2 quadratischen Querschnitt mit einem Außenmaß, das geringfügig kleiner als das Innenmaß des Behälters 2 ist, auf. Zwischen dem Träger 4 und der Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1 ist eine an dem Rand des Trägers umlaufende Dichtung 8 zum Abdichten gegen hindurchtretendes Aufbaumaterial 7 vorgesehen. Ferner ist der Träger 4 über eine Höheneinstellvorrichtung 9 in vertikaler Richtung d.h. parallel zu der Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1 verschiebbar. Damit kann die Position des Trägers 4 relativ zu der Arbeitsebene 30 eingestellt werden.A plurality of layers of a powdered building material 7 that can be solidified by means of electromagnetic radiation, extending parallel to the top 5, are constructed in the manner described later. The carrier 4 has a square cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the side wall 2 with an external dimension that is slightly smaller than the internal dimension of the container 2. Between the carrier 4 and the side wall 2 of the container 1, a seal 8 running around the edge of the carrier is provided to seal against building material 7 penetrating through. Furthermore, the carrier 4 can be moved in the vertical direction, i.e. parallel to the side wall 2 of the container 1, via a height adjustment device 9. This allows the position of the carrier 4 to be adjusted relative to the working plane 30.
Seitlich an dem Behälter 1 ist ein an seiner Oberseite offener Vorratsbehälter 10 mit einer Seitenwand 100 für das Aufbaumaterial 7 vorgesehen. An seinem an die Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1 angrenzenden Teil der Seitenwand 100 schließt die Oberkante 11 des Vorratsbehälters 10 bündig mit dem oberen Rand 3 des Behälters 1 ab. Der Vorratsbehälter ist mit dem pulverförmigen Aufbaumaterial 7 stets bis etwas über die an den Behälter 1 angrenzende Oberkante 11 gefüllt. Um dies zu gewährleisten, ist ein in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellter Stempel bzw. ein verschiebbarer Boden, ähnlich dem Träger 4 vorgesehen, der in dem Vorratsbehälter 10 in vertikaler Richtung verschiebbar ist und der zu der Seitenwand 100 des Vorratsbehälters über eine an dem Rand des Stempels umlaufende Dichtung derselben Art wie der zwischen dem Träger 4 und der Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1 abgedichtet ist.On the side of the container 1, a storage container 10 with an open top and a side wall 100 for the building material 7 is provided. On the part of the side wall 100 adjacent to the side wall 2 of the container 1, the upper edge 11 of the storage container 10 is flush with the upper edge 3 of the container 1. The storage container is always filled with the powdered building material 7 up to slightly above the upper edge 11 adjacent to the container 1. To ensure this, a stamp (not shown in Fig. 1) or a movable base, similar to the carrier 4, is provided, which can be moved in the vertical direction in the storage container 10 and which is sealed to the side wall 100 of the storage container via a seal running around the edge of the stamp, of the same type as that between the carrier 4 and the side wall 2 of the container 1.
Oberhalb des Behälters 1 bzw. der Arbeitsebene 30 ist ein Abstreifer 12, dessen Unterkante in der Arbeitsebene 3 0 liegt, zum Aufbringen des Aufbaumateriales 7 auf die Oberseite 5 des Trägers bzw. eine zuvor gebildete Schicht des zu bildenden Objektes 6 angeordnet. Der Abstreifer 12 ist von einer ersten Position über dem Vorratsbehälter 10 quer über den Behälter 1 bis zu einer dem Vorratsbehälter 10 gegenüberliegenden zweiten Position parallel zu dem oberen Rand 3 des Behälters 1 undAbove the container 1 or the working plane 30, a scraper 12, the lower edge of which lies in the working plane 30, is arranged for applying the building material 7 to the upper side 5 of the support or a previously formed layer of the object 6 to be formed. The scraper 12 is from a first position above the storage container 10 across the container 1 to a second position opposite the storage container 10 parallel to the upper edge 3 of the container 1 and
wieder zurück mittels einer Verschiebevorrichtung 13 verschiebbar.can be moved back again by means of a displacement device 13.
Oberhalb des Behälters 1 bzw. der Arbeitsebene 30 ist eine Vorrichtung 14 zum Verfestigen der an die Arbeitsebene 30 angrenzenden jeweils obersten Schicht des Objektes 6 vorgesehen. Die Vorrichtung 14 weist eine Strahlungsquelle in Form eines Lasers auf, der einen gebündelten Lichtstrahl 15 erzeugt. Etwa mittig oberhalb des Behälters 1 ist ein Umlenkspiegel 16 angeordnet, der kardanisch aufgehängt ist und von einer schematisch angedeuteten Schwenkvorrichtung 17 so geschwenkt werden kann, daß der auf den Spiegel 16 gerichtete Lichtstrahl 15 als reflektierter Lichtstrahl 18 im wesentlichen an jeder Stelle der Arbeitsebene 30 positioniert werden kann.Above the container 1 or the working plane 30, a device 14 is provided for solidifying the top layer of the object 6 adjacent to the working plane 30. The device 14 has a radiation source in the form of a laser that generates a bundled light beam 15. Approximately centrally above the container 1, a deflection mirror 16 is arranged, which is suspended on a gimbal and can be swiveled by a schematically indicated swivel device 17 so that the light beam 15 directed at the mirror 16 can be positioned as a reflected light beam 18 essentially at any point on the working plane 30.
Die Höheneinstellvorrichtung 9, die Verschiebevorrichtung 13 und die Schwenkvorrichtung 17 sind mit einer gemeinsamen Steuervorrichtung 50 zur zentralen und koordinierten Steuerung dieser Vorrichtungen verbunden. Die Steuervorrichtung 50 ist mit einem Computer 60 verbunden, bzw. dieser ist Bestandteil der Steuervorrichtung.The height adjustment device 9, the displacement device 13 and the pivoting device 17 are connected to a common control device 50 for central and coordinated control of these devices. The control device 50 is connected to a computer 60, or the computer is part of the control device.
Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Dichtung 8 ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt. Die Dichtung 8 besteht aus einem flexiblen, harten, verschleiß-und reibungsarmen Material wie beispielsweise ultrahochmolekularem Polyethylen (PE). Der Träger 4 weist eine Basisplatte 4b und einen der Oberseite des Behälters zugewandten Deckel 4a auf. Die Dichtung 8 weist einen ersten Abschnitt 80 mit rechteckigem Querschnitt auf der in eine an dem Rand 40 der Basisplatte 4b an der dem Deckel 4a zugewandten Seite umlaufende ebenfalls rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisende Ausnehmung 41 eingelegt ist. Durch den Deckel 4a wird die Dichtung in ihrer Lage festgehalten. Angrenzend an den ersten Abschnitt 80 erstreckt sich ein zweiter Abschnitt 82, der den Raum zwischen dem Rand des Trägers 40 und der Seitenwand 2 abdichtet. Im Querschnitt weist der zweite Abschnitt 82 die Form eines im wesentlichen gleichschenkligen rechtwinkligen Dreiecks auf, wobei die eine Kathete an den ersten Abschnitt 80 der Dichtung angrenzt und die andereAn embodiment of the seal 8 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 2. The seal 8 consists of a flexible, hard, low-wear and low-friction material such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE). The carrier 4 has a base plate 4b and a lid 4a facing the top of the container. The seal 8 has a first section 80 with a rectangular cross-section into which a recess 41 is inserted, which also has a rectangular cross-section and runs around the edge 40 of the base plate 4b on the side facing the lid 4a. The seal is held in place by the lid 4a. A second section 82 extends adjacent to the first section 80 and seals the space between the edge of the carrier 40 and the side wall 2. In cross-section, the second portion 82 has the shape of a substantially isosceles right-angled triangle, with one side adjacent to the first portion 80 of the seal and the other
Kathete der Oberseite 5 des Trägers zugewandt ist, und wobei diese zweite Kathete einen V-förmigen, an seinem Grund abgerundeten Ausschnitt 83 aufweist. Die Hypothenuse des Dreiecks verläuft unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° gegen die Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1. Somit wird durch den zweiten Abschnitt 82 der Dichtung 8 eine zu dem oberen Rand 3 des Behälters 1 bzw. zum dem aufgetragenen Aufbaumaterial 7 unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° hin gerichtete schmale Lippe 84 gebildet. Bevorzugt weist die Lippe 84 eine Dicke von 0,1mm bis 3mm auf. Das der Seitenwand 2 zugewandte äußere Ende 85 der Lippe 84 ist spitz. Damit ergibt sich eine auf einen minimalen Bereich beschränkte Kontaktfläche bzw. Linie der Lippe 84 mit der Seitenwand 2. Das Außenmaß der Dichtung 8 ist geringfügig größer als das Innenmaß des Behälters 1, so daß die Dichtung im Behälter leicht deformiert ist (gestrichelte Linie in Fig. 2) und die Lippe 84 mit ihrem spitzen äußeren Ende 85 unter Vorspannung an der Seitenwand 2 anliegt.The second leg faces the top side 5 of the carrier, and this second leg has a V-shaped cutout 83 that is rounded at its base. The hypotenuse of the triangle runs at an angle of approximately 45° against the side wall 2 of the container 1. Thus, the second section 82 of the seal 8 forms a narrow lip 84 that is directed at the upper edge 3 of the container 1 or at the applied building material 7 at an angle of approximately 45°. The lip 84 preferably has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 3 mm. The outer end 85 of the lip 84 facing the side wall 2 is pointed. This results in a contact surface or line between the lip 84 and the side wall 2 that is limited to a minimal area. The external dimension of the seal 8 is slightly larger than the internal dimension of the container 1, so that the seal in the container is slightly deformed (dashed line in Fig. 2) and the lip 84 rests against the side wall 2 with its pointed outer end 85 under pre-tension.
Der Stempel des Vorratsbehälters 10 ist durch eine ebensolche Dichtung gegen die Wand 100 des Vorratsbehälters abgedichtet.The piston of the storage container 10 is sealed against the wall 100 of the storage container by a similar seal.
Als pulverförmiges Aufbaumaterial 7 wird insbesondere Metallpulver oder Keramikpulver mit Korngrößen im Bereich zwischen etwa 5 bis 100 Mikrometer verwendet. Auch kunststoffummanteltes Metall- bzw. Keramikpulver oder Formsand bestehend aus Quarzsand mit einem Überzug aus Kunstharz kann verwendet werden.Metal powder or ceramic powder with grain sizes in the range between about 5 and 100 micrometers is used in particular as the powdered building material 7. Plastic-coated metal or ceramic powder or molding sand consisting of quartz sand with a synthetic resin coating can also be used.
Üblicherweise ist der Behälter 1 an seiner Unterseite offen, d.h. der Boden fehlt. Dasselbe gilt für den Vorratsbehälter Ferner muß der Querschnitt des Trägers bzw. Behälters nicht quadratisch sein. Auch ein rechteckiger bzw. kreisförmiger Querschnitt sind möglich.Usually, the container 1 is open at its bottom, i.e. the bottom is missing. The same applies to the storage container. Furthermore, the cross-section of the carrier or container does not have to be square. A rectangular or circular cross-section is also possible.
Im Betrieb werden zunächst in dem mit der Steuerung 50 gekoppelten Computer 60 mit einem Konstruktionsprogramm Daten über die Form des Objektes 6 erstellt. Diese Daten werden für die Herstellung des Objektes 6 so aufbereitet, daß das Objekt in eine Vielzahl von horizontalen, im Vergleich zurDuring operation, data on the shape of the object 6 is first created in the computer 60 coupled to the control 50 using a design program. These data are prepared for the manufacture of the object 6 in such a way that the object can be divided into a large number of horizontal, in comparison to the
• ■· *• ■· *
Objektdimension dünnen Schichten mit einer Dicke von beispielsweise 0,1 bis lmm zerlegt wird und die Formdaten für die Schicht bereitgestellt werden.Object dimension is broken down into thin layers with a thickness of, for example, 0.1 to 1 mm and the shape data for the layer is provided.
Dann werden für jede Schicht die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt.Then the following steps are carried out for each layer.
Der Träger 4 wird mittels der Höheneinstellvorrichtung 9 so in dem Behälter 1 positioniert, daß bei der ersten Schicht seine Oberseite 5 bzw. beim Vorhandensein bereits verfestigter Schichten die Oberseite der zuletzt verfestigten Schicht um eine gewünschte Schichtdicke h unterhalb des Randes 3 des Behälters 1 liegt. Dann wird eine Schicht des Materials 7 mit dem Abstreifer 12 von dem Vorratsbehälter 10 auf die Oberseite des Trägers 4 bzw. auf eine zuvor gebildete Schicht aufgebracht. Dann steuert die Steuerung die Schwenkvorrichtung 17 entsprechend den Formdaten für die Schicht derart, daß der abgelenkte Lichtstrahl 18 an den dem Querschnitt des Objektes entsprechenden Stellen der Schicht auftrifft und dort das Aufbaumaterial 7 verfestigt bzw. sintert. Anschließend wird der Träger 4 um eine Schichtdicke der nachfolgenden Schicht abgesenkt. Da die Höhe der Füllung des Aufbaumateriales 7 in dem Vorratsbehälter 10 nach einer Beschichtung der aufgetragenen Menge an Material entsprechend abgenommen hat, wird der Stempel in dem Vorratsbehälter 10 um eine entsprechende Höhe nach oben gefahren, damit der Abstreifer 12 wieder neues Material aus dem Vorratsbehälter 10 zum Auftragen einer neuen Schicht zur Verfügung hat.The carrier 4 is positioned in the container 1 by means of the height adjustment device 9 so that in the first layer its top side 5 or, if there are already solidified layers, the top side of the last solidified layer is below the edge 3 of the container 1 by a desired layer thickness h. A layer of the material 7 is then applied from the storage container 10 to the top side of the carrier 4 or to a previously formed layer using the scraper 12. The control then controls the swivel device 17 in accordance with the shape data for the layer in such a way that the deflected light beam 18 hits the points on the layer that correspond to the cross-section of the object and solidifies or sinters the building material 7 there. The carrier 4 is then lowered by a layer thickness of the subsequent layer. Since the height of the filling of the building material 7 in the storage container 10 has decreased accordingly after a coating of the applied amount of material, the stamp in the storage container 10 is moved upwards by a corresponding height so that the stripper 12 again has new material from the storage container 10 available for applying a new layer.
Die beschriebenen Schritte werden sooft wiederholt bis das Objekt fertiggestellt ist. Anschließend wird der Träger 4 soweit aus dem Behälter herausgefahren, bis das Objekt 6 entnommen werden kann.The steps described are repeated until the object is finished. The carrier 4 is then moved out of the container until the object 6 can be removed.
Die Dichtung 8 zwischen der Seitenwand 2 des Behälters 1 und dem Objektträger 4 bzw. zwischen der Wand des Vorratsbehälters 10 und dem in dem Vorratsbehälter angeordneten Stempel gewährleistet durch ihre sich nur mit dem spitzen äußeren Ende 85 an die jeweilige Wand anschmiegende Lippe 84 ein leichtesThe seal 8 between the side wall 2 of the container 1 and the slide 4 or between the wall of the storage container 10 and the stamp arranged in the storage container ensures easy
• · · ·■» t• · · ·■» t
Auf- und Abbewegen des Trägers bzw. Stempels und verhindert, daß Pulver mit geringer Korngröße zwischen der Wand und dem Träger hindurchtritt.Up and down movement of the carrier or stamp and prevents powder with small grain size from passing between the wall and the carrier.
Claims (12)
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DE29506204U DE29506204U1 (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1995-04-10 | Device for producing a three-dimensional object |
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DE29506204U DE29506204U1 (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1995-04-10 | Device for producing a three-dimensional object |
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