DE2815802C3 - Method and device for the production of plastic parts - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of plastic profile parts, which consist of adjoining individual sections of different plastics.

One known method of this type is that the various plastics are extruded at the same time are (coextruded) by being passed through an extrusion nozzle, the openings of which are for the connect different plastics to each other in the connection areas.

The known method offers the possibility of Plastic parts and / or plastic profile «with parallel individual sections consisting of different plastics to be produced simultaneously, but it is not possible to Produce coherent plastic profile parts from different plastics, in which the individual sections are arranged one behind the other.

The invention is accordingly based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the beginning create with which plastic profile parts; n produced in a simple manner in as few operations as possible can be whose individual sections consisting of different plastics are arranged consecutively one behind the other

According to the invention, this object is achieved by that the different plastics are filled separately from each other in at least one mold with a continuous opening, that the filled molds are then brought one behind the other to coincide and that in the coincidence state of one Side of the forms ago the individual sections contained therein to the other side against one on this The counterpressure acting on the discharge side must be pressed out. The back pressure creates the connection between causes the individual sections.

With this method it is achieved that, for example, plastic profiles can be produced in any length, in which individual sections of different hardness alternate wholly or partially with one another. Thus, with the method according to the invention, it is possible, for example, to produce hollow profiles or profiles of a different type in which continuous sections of one plastic material are followed by sections of the other plastic material or in which the sections of one or the other plastic material in the finished state of the profile by parallel continuous strands with one another are connected. What kind generated by profiles in the manner described ^r>, depends on the design of the forms.

Depending on the type of plastics used, various forms of filling are possible. However, it is particularly advantageous ίο if the filling process is carried out by injection molding.

A method for producing objects from successive mass sections is known, in which the mass is in successive steps into an extruded housing filled and pressed out against a counter pressure from the molded piece of the extrusion housing is, however, with this known method, different molded parts made of different plastics cannot be connected to one another. the The ar / ^ abe underlying the invention is therefore with the known method not solvable.

The same applies to another known method in which a plastic mass by means of swiveling interchangeable mold pots are pressed out of these against a counter pressure, the Interchangeable mold pots have through openings. The inventive method can in particular advantageously used for the production of closure parts, especially for tents, which consists of a sleeve open on one side and an adjoining tab, with a piping in the sleeve open on one side and connected to the countercloth can be inserted. With such closures provides in particular the task of keeping it flexible, while on the other hand the material of the sleeve is relative must be rigid in order to hold the inserted piping and not to spread open under load.

To meet these requirements, it is advantageous if the same plastic as the flexible tab integrally formed flexible Hülsenabscrmitte with consisting of rigid material to the Tab and are connected to the flexible sleeve sections adjoining sleeve sections. In order to such a sleeve consists on the one hand of rigid sections that cannot spread and on the other hand, from flexible sections that ensure sufficient flexibility.

Sleeves of this type can therefore be provided with the tabs made of flexible plastic, with integrally formed from the same plastic sections between the on the flexible plastic engage subsequent rigid sections and connect them. So sleeves change in the sleeve area rigid plastic and flexible plastic from each other, so that over the entire length of the piping there is sufficient strength against spreading, but on the other hand depending on the respective given length of the rigid sections, the sleeve is flexible on all sides.

To this end, it is advantageous if the tab is supported by a first mold carrier over the entire structural height Reaching opening of a mold and the associated flexible sleeve sections through a mold in a ^ Stage of this mold carrier are generated while the intermediate rigid sections pass through a section of a second mold carrier extending across the step of the first mold carrier is formed

will.

In a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, at least two mutually displaceable mold carriers with molds with a continuous opening are expediently provided, which can be brought into a filling position in which they are not in congruence and can be brought into a discharge position in which the openings of the two molds are at least partially congruent and in which the individual sections to be connected under pressure and temperature can be pushed out against the counter pressure forms i ^r> above the other are pushed. it is particularly advantageous, it is, however, to the various plastics associated forms are arranged on the circumference of at least two rotatable mold carriers because only here in a simple manner a plurality of identical forms a ·>"form income r can be arranged. However, the arrangement of several molds on a single mold carrier is also possible with a translational movement of the mold carrier. In both cases, in the same latching position of the two mold carriers, the molds arranged on one side of the mold carriers can be in the filling position and the molds arranged on the other side of the mold carriers in the discharge position.

It is particularly useful if the rotatable mold carriers have a circular cross-section and when the molds are integrated in the mold carriers.

The mold carriers can be arranged so '"' become so that they reach under each other, d. H. overlap in a certain area of their circumference.

If more than two different plastics are to be used, it is possible to arrange three or more molds and / or mold carriers one above the other in the ^{manner described in 4n.} Vor / UgJ) WCIbC küllllCII JCUUV.I1 £ WC1 PuilUCIlilägCI Vd WCII- find.

Expediently, the conveyance takes place by means of a translationally displaceable stamp which is adapted in its cross-section to the cross-section of the ^{4 ^ shapes.}

Depending on the type of plastics used, the shapes can be designed so that in particular, the shape below the necessary counter pressure due to the cross-sectional design their own opening.

On the other hand, it can be useful to create the necessary counterpressure on the discharge side of the molds to connect a guide that is matched in its internal cross-section to the cross-section of the profiles to be produced Back pressure. Finally, it is ^b0 possible to further increase the counterpressure in that at the end of the channel of the guide a nozzle-shaped constriction is provided that corresponds in its cross-section to the final profile shape, inside the channel for a back pressure and thus ^b5 for that required for the welding Provides counter pressure.

Although it is actually possible to let the finished profiles emerge horizontally, for example the Axes of the rotatable mold carriers can also be horizontal, but it is particularly advantageous if the axes of the mold carriers are vertical and if the finished profile is vertical down from the Mold carrier emerges. In this way, complicated profiles with flaps or the like can also be used without additional Devices such as expanding wedges or spacers or the like emerge, as subsequent parts of the profiles, such as cloths or tabs, do not rest on the other profile parts due to their own weight and can glue and / or weld there.

With the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention it is in particular also possible, parallel to one made up of individual sections of different materials lying one behind the other existing profile to produce continuous straps or profile strands made of a single material exist and each connect those individual sections with one another that have the same material. This can be done in an advantageous manner that the mold carriers with their edges overlapping and the openings of the molds having steps are provided, the opening at least one shape extends into the step-free area of the associated mold carrier and extends over extends the entire height of the mold carrier. In this way it is achieved that in the step-free area of the mold carrier continuous strands are generated, which consist of only one material, while alternate the materials in the stepped overlap area, and those in which the step overlapping portion of the second mold carrier arranged form one of the form in the stepless Has area facing open section.

In order to enable the molds to be filled properly during the injection molding process, in advantageously provided in the filling position with filling openings covers which the Cover shapes from above as well as from below, as well as towards the open connection side. These

one 7utf> i

gene levers exist, which are pivotably mounted on a common joint and step-shaped Have lugs that cover the free outside of the mold when closed. To open during During the transport process, the levers can move outwards by a small amount (a few tenths of a millimeter) be swiveled out and at the same time the pivot point can be retracted radially. To this Way, the cover is completely detached from the mold carrier on all sides, so that this is in the Moving the discharge position freely kana

The invention is illustrated below with reference to exemplary embodiments for the method and the Device explained in more detail in the drawing.

Fig. La to d clarified in a schematic representation the individual steps of the basic principle of the procedure.

F i g. 2 shows an embodiment of a mold carrier in a side view and in a schematic representation to carry out the procedure.

F i g. 3a and b is the plan view IH-III according to FIG. 2.

4a and b show a modification of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, where hie. "Several shapes are arranged in the same mold carrier and the mold carriers are translationally displaceable.

F i g. 5 shows another in a schematic representation

Embodiment of the device for carrying out the method with rotatable mold carriers.

F i g. 6 is the view VI-VI according to FIG. 5.

F i g. 7 shows an enlarged illustration of an embodiment of a side cover from FIG Mold carrier in the filling position according to FIG. 6th

Fig.8 is a view similar to Fig.6 at a discussed embodiment.

Fig.9 shows a perspective view of a closure sleeve for tents or the like. With a Arrangement according to FIGS. 2 to 6 is generated.

In Fig. I two mold carriers 1 and 2 with molds 3 and 4 are shown, with molds 3 and 4 extending as through openings over the respective height H of mold carriers I and 2. The mold carrier r. 1 and 2 are shown in Fig. La in their starting position. In Fig. I b the mold carriers 1 and 2 are shown in their filling position, in which their molds 3 and 4 with vprsrhipdenrn plastics from Rehältern 5 and 6 via lines 7 and 8 by means of filling nozzles 11 and 12 under 2 »pressure and temperature in a known manner by means of the injection molding process are fillable. The respective material enters the molds 3 and 4 in the direction of the arrows 9 and 10.

After filling, the two shapes are brought into the congruent position according to FIG. 1c by moving them in the direction of arrows 13 and 14. In this congruent position, the individual basal sections of the profile to be produced that are now present in the molds due to the filling are removed in the case of the FIG. 1 dargestell- th embodiment w from the upper side pushed down together in the direction of arrow 16th At the same time, in the direction of arrow 17, a counterpressure is applied which counteracts the pushing-out movement, whereby the connection between the individual sections of the different materials is effected during the discharge process while maintaining the filling temperature. The pushing out can be done by a translationally displaceable punch 15 adapted in its cross-section to the cross-section of the molds, the counterpressure being applied either by the design of at least the lower mold 2 itself or by a guide 18 which receives the gradually forming profile strand .

F i g. 2 shows a special embodiment of the mold carrier, in which one mold carrier 20 is provided on its edge with a step 21 which is overlapped by the other mold carrier 19. The mold 22 in the mold carrier 20 consists of an opening which is assigned to the step 21 and extends over the height of the step, and the mold 23 consists of an opening 23 which adjoins the opening of the mold 22, but in the step-free area The last-mentioned opening of the mold 23 extends over the entire height H of the mold carrier 20. The mold 25 in the mold carrier 19 is thus assigned to the mold 22 in the section of the step 21 of the mold carrier 20 and has to be shared with to be able to be pressed out of the corresponding plastic section in this form, the same cross section as the form 22 in the step 21.

This is illustrated in Fig. 3. There are once in Fig.3a the mold carriers 19 and 20 shown in a position like that of the one according to FIG. 2 and continue in b5 F i g. 3b in a position outside of the cover position, in which - as shown schematically - for example, the filling can be carried out via the filling nozzles 11 and 12. As can be seen from Fig. 3, is the mold 25 in the mold carrier 19 in the section 26 adjacent to the edge of the mold carrier open so that there is a connection in the congruent position and when the individual sections are pushed out of the section contained in the mold 25 with the adjoining and in the mold 23 of the mold carrier 20 contained section of the plastic part can occur. A corresponding connection also occurs on with the plastic section contained in the mold 22, since the end faces of both sections in the Cover positions on top of each other.

With the basic principle in the F i g. The device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can, for example, be a tent locking sleeve according to FIG. 9 are produced, in which sleeve sections 27 and 28 of different hardness alternate with one another, these sleeve sections with a common continuous tab IO in VprhinHiing ςίρΐιρη. dip is generated by dip form 2.1 in the mold carrier 20.

To continuously achieve a strand according to FIG. 9, the two mold carriers 19 and 20, that is always alternately, in the positions according to FIG. 3a and b brought, wherein they in the filling position according to F i g. 3b filled and then brought to cover. In the discharge position according to FIG. 3a will then be the two individual sections by the punch 15 (see. Fig. I) pushed down and from one Guide 18 added. The two mold carriers then move back into the filling position F i g. 3b, where they are filled again and repeated in the same way as the discharge passage. As in the delivery position the sections that now follow are again immediately above the end of the receiving guide 18 (cf. F i g. 1) and since the individual work steps follow one another very quickly, there is a direct connection between the following and the sections already in the guide.

F i g. 4 shows an embodiment in which two mold carriers 31 and 32 are provided, each with several shapes 25 and 22, 23 are provided. The embodiment of Figure 4 makes it possible to Mold carriers 31 and 32 in the direction of arrows JJ and J4 to move translationally in opposite directions, with both mold carriers in the illustrated filling position a covering position located approximately at the discharge position 35 can be moved. This cover position is shown in Fig.4a. The filling position that remains unchanged is shown in FIG. 4 reproduced by the unchanged position of the filling nozzles 11 and 12. As can be seen, enables the arrangement according to Figure 4, to fill the next forms at the same time during the conveying process, so that dead times are saved will. As shown, in the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the step 21 extends over the entire length of the mold carriers 31 and 32.

The F i g. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which two mold carriers 36 and 37 are provided, which are rotatably arranged about axes 39 and 39a and have a circular cross-section. The mold carrier 36 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with individual forms 25 that correspond to those after Embodiment according to FIG. 4 correspond. Also the The overall height of the mold carrier 36 corresponds to that according to the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4 or the length of the sleeve sections 27 and 28 of the Closure part according to F i g. 9. The same applies to the molds 22 and 23 in the mold carrier 37 and its

Overall height in relation to the mold carrier 20 or 32 according to the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 4. As shown in FIG. 5 can be seen, the forms 25 or 22, 23 in one of the circumferential positions, preferably in that fixed by the position of the filling nozzles U and 12 outer filling position 38 are filled and it can be the discharge in the central cover or discharge position "! 5. With this arrangement, too, filling is simultaneous with Conveying out possible, a particular advantage of this arrangement is that endless strands can be generated without - as in the case of the arrangement according to FIG. 4 - possibly additional Mold carriers attached or existing mold carriers withdrawn Need to become.

F i g. 6 is the view VI-VI according to FIG. 5 and shows covers 40 provided with filling openings 42 and 43 and 41, the shapes 25 and 22, 23 both from above and from below, as well as after the open section 26 or the open connection side 44 (cf. also FIGS. 2 to 4).

In addition, FIG. 6 shows the guide 18 receiving the strand in the discharge position 35, which has a nozzle-shaped constriction 45 corresponding in its cross-section to the final profile shape has its end that is within the channel 46 for a backwater and thus for the required Back pressure in the direction of arrow 17 (see. Fig. 1) provides

7 shows the cover in an enlarged illustration 41 according to Figure 6. In the illustrated embodiment, this consists of two unilateral levers 48 and 49, which can be pivoted about a common joint 50 and operated by a compression spring 51 in the direction of arrows 52 and 53 can be moved apart to such an extent that they no longer adhere to the surfaces of the mold carrier 37 are present. The levers 48 and 49 can od by wedge-shaped inclined surfaces, curves. The like. In their Closing position according to FIG. 7 are brought. To the failure required - in mold carrier 37

from the

You can also know -
Direction of part 54
be moved away.

The levers 48 and 49 have step-shaped projections 55

'■> and 56, with which the connection sides 44 and 47 of the molds 22 and 23 are covered. The connection side 47 is only required if, as shown in FIG. 8 to middle alternating sections on both sides flaps or the like. To be closed. at

ίο an embodiment according to the F i g. 2 to 6, the connection side 47 is closed laterally outward anyway.

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 6 in a modified embodiment. With this execution

The form are two rotatable about axes 39 and 39a Mold carriers 57 and 58 are provided, each of which has a circumferential step 59 and 60, the Forms 61 and 62 are open to the outside. This makes it possible to reach the through on both sides in the covering position the molds 61 and 62 formed plastic sections to connect tabs formed by the molds 23 are formed which correspond to those according to the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 6 correspond. As in the Connection with F i g. 7, must here

2 ^r > the covers 40 and 41 can be provided with additional steps in the form of connection sides 47 in order to ensure the cover to the outside.

Fig. 9 shows the closure part already described, in which sleeve sections 27 and 28 different

ίο Alternate hardness with each other. For example, it can The sleeve sections 27 are each rigid sleeves, which are supported by flexible sleeve sections 28 are connected to each other. All sleeve sections jointly adjoin a tab 30 in one piece.

As indicated with a broken line, can be on the opposite side or at an angle to Tab 30 with the embodiment according to FIG. 8 another tab 63 can be connected.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. A process for the production of plastic profile parts, which consist of adjoining individual sections of different plastics, *> characterized in that the different plastics are filled separately from each other in at least one mold with a continuous opening, that the filled molds are then brought one behind the other to coincide and that in the congruent state from one side of the molds the individual sections contained therein are pressed out to the other side against a counterpressure acting on this discharge side. ' ⁵ 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the filling of the molds is done by injection molding. 3. Closure part, especially for tents, made according to the method according to claim 1 or 2, which consists of a sleeve open on one side and a there is an adjoining tab, characterized in that made of the same plastic as the flexible tab (30) integrally formed flexible sleeve sections (28) with rigid material existing sleeve sections adjoining the tab (30) and the flexible sleeve section c (28) (27) are connected. 4. A method for producing a closure part according to claim 3, characterized in that the flap is produced by a mold opening over the entire height of a first mold carrier and the associated fleA \ blen sleeve sections are produced by a mold in one step of this mold carrier, right? the dazwischenlie- ^J5 constricting rigid portions overlapping by a step of the first mold carrier portion of a second form carrier to be formed. 5. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that at least two mutually displaceable mold carriers M, 2) are provided with molds (3, 4) with a through opening which are in ein.j filling position (38) can be brought, in which they are not in congruence, and can be brought into a discharge position (35) in which the openings of the two molds (3, 4) are at least partially in congruence and in which those to be connected under pressure and temperature Individual sections can be pressed out against the counter pressure. ^w 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that that the movement of the mold carriers (19, 20; 31,32) takes place translationally. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that that the movement of the mold carriers (36, 37; 57,58) takes place in a rotary manner. 8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that several identical ^fc0 molds (22,23,25) are arranged on a single mold carrier (31,32j 36,37; 57,58). 9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the molds (3, 4; 22, 23, 25) in one piece in the mold carriers (1, 2; 31, 32; ^M 36,37; 57,58) are introduced. 10. The device according to claim 5 and one of the AnsDriJche 7 to 9, characterized in that the Molds (22, 23, 25) associated with the different plastics on the circumference of at least two rotatable mold carriers (36, 37; 57, 58) are arranged. H. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the rotatable mold carriers (36.37; 57.58) are circular in cross-section. IZ device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that in the same Locking position of the two mold carriers (31, 32; 36, 37; 57, 58) on one side of the mold carriers arranged forms (22, 23, 25) are in the filling position (38) and on the other side of the Mold carrier arranged forms in the Ausför derstellung (35) are. 13. Device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the mold carriers (36, 37; 57, 58) are arranged so that they are in overlap a certain area of their circumference. 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or several molds and / or mold carriers are arranged one above the other. 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for conveying out one whose cross-section is adapted to the cross-section of the molds (3, 4, 22, 23, 25) translationally displaceable stamp (15) is provided 16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each underlying shape (4, 22) has a cross section which generates the counter pressure. 17. Device according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that on the discharge side of the forms (3, 4, 22, 23, 25) one in its inner cross-section the cross-section of the to be generated Profile shape adapted guide (18) is connected. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that at the end of the channel (46) of the Guide (18) a nozzle-shaped cross-section corresponding to the final profile shape Constriction (45) is arranged. 19. Device according to one of claims 7 to 18, characterized in that the axes (39, 39a) of the rotatable mold carriers (36, 37; 57, 58) are horizontal. 20. Device according to one of claims 7 to 18, characterized in that the axes (39, 39a) of the rotatable mold carriers (36, 37; 57, 58) are arranged vertically. 21. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mold carriers (20, 32, 37, 57, 58) at their edges with overlapping steps (21, 59, 60) having the openings of the associated molds (22) are provided, the openings of at least one mold (22) reaching into the step-free area (24) of the associated mold carrier (20) and extending over the entire height (H) of the mold carrier (20), while the step (21 ) the cross section of the second mold carrier (19) arranged mold (25) has an open section (26) facing the mold (23) in the step-free region (24). 22. Device according to one of claims 5 to 21, characterized in that in the filling position (38) covers (40, 41) provided with filling openings (43) are provided, v / which the shapes of Cover up and down and towards the open connection side (44). 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the covers (40, 41) from two unilateral Hebebi (48,49) exist around a common joint (50) are pivotably mounted. 24. Vo; direction according to claim 23, characterized characterized in that the unilateral levers (48, 49) have step-shaped lugs (55, 56) which the Cover the free outside of the mold when closed. 25. Apparatus according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that when the lever is opened the pivot point (50) is retractable radially (direction of arrow 54)