DE2729066A1 - PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND / OR CONNECTING COMPONENTS TAILORED FROM PREFABRICATED LIGHTWEIGHT PANELS - Google Patents

Description

Veriahren for preparing and / or connecting from prefabricated Components tailored to lightweight panels

The invention relates to a preparation method and / or joining of prefabricated lightweight panels cut components, e.g. made of fiber-reinforced plastic as well as a cell structure core and an upper and lower cover layer, with force introduction points at certain points created and edge terminations or connections are made along the edges.

At. known methods of the aforementioned type are the force application points created in that the connecting elements, e.g. thread inserts: e, at least partially before being glued on the second top layer are introduced. This allows the possibility of inexpensive prefabricated lightweight panels to be used as a semi-finished product, not to be used. Another disadvantage of known methods is that the Cut edges leveled to achieve a smooth edge finish which is quite a wage-intensive way of working.

Another known method of achieving a smooth Edge termination consists in that the cut edges of the panels, e.g. with a strip of fiber-reinforced plastic to be taped. For this, however, adhesive devices are required which are adapted to the respective shape of the plate are, which means a considerable amount of equipment. Another disadvantage of the aforementioned type is that

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mainly thermosetting reactive adhesives are used and the adhesive points can only be exposed to the required heat treatment if the devices are too and all other elements of the plates are heated. This results in an unnecessarily high energy consumption.

The invention is based on the object of using the method according to the preamble while avoiding the disadvantages indicated to improve from claim 1 especially in economic terms. This is achieved in a surprisingly easier way Way in that at predetermined points or in predetermined areas plasticized polymer mass Ln the cell structure core the components are introduced.

The method according to the invention has the following advantages:

- By introducing the fasteners after Cutting the components can be very economical Way, prefabricated lightweight panels can be used as semi-finished products.

- Only a small amount of equipment and labor is required to produce the edge finishes.

- After the introduced polymer mass has solidified, the connections made can be loaded immediately.

- Low energy consumption, as only the plasticizable Polymer mass is heated.

The subclaims contain advantageous developments of the method specified in the main claim.

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Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the description, Es demonstrate:

1 shows a polymer mass produced by plasticizable Edge termination,

Fig. 2 is a plan according to Fig. 1 with a partial horizontal section,

3 shows an extrusion tool,

FIG. 4 shows a section through the extrusion tool according to FIG. 3,

Fig. 5 other designs of an edge termination, and 6

7 shows a section through another extrusion plant, Fig. 0 Executions of an edge termination with an end

and 9. , _. ,
key element,

Fig. Io shows another embodiment of an edge termination with a closure element,

11 shows a tool for connecting lightweight panels along an edge joint,

12 different production stages for the production of a Force introduction point,

13 shows another embodiment of a force introduction point, FIG. 14 shows examples of conventional connecting elements and FIG. 15 shows different force introduction points with stoppers,

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16 examples of force introduction points

Used to manufacture components from lightweight panels Kkin lightweight panels prefabricated according to the method according to the invention as a semi-finished product, from which the blanks are made by sawing, milling, burning out using a laser beam or cutting out with high-energy water jet (aqua-jet). Here, for example, the tool is controlled mechanically scanned template, an optically scanned drawing or another data carrier possible. Afterward the cut surfaces are made possible by extrusion Manufacture of the edge closure with plasticized polymer compound such as polycarbonate foam. Figures 1 and 2 pointers, a lightweight component consisting of a core 1 and the two cover layers 2 made of fiber-reinforced Plastic, with a method according to the invention produced edge termination 3. The edge termination 3 is formed from plastiiizierbaren polymer mass, which in the plasticized State brought under pressure into the cut surface of the plate will. The plasticized polymer mass penetrates, depending on its nature of the core and, depending on the working pressure, different depths into the cut surface. Fig. 2 shows a part Broken plan of the plate according to Fig. 1. From this is the different penetration of the plasticized polymer mass, which forms the edge 3 to recognize. 3 shows an extrusion tool 4 for producing the one according to the invention Edge finish. The tool mainly has the shape of a U-profile with an opening of the clear width w, which is matched to the thickness of the panels to be processed. The tool has a knife 5, an opening 6, a Extruding opening 7 and a shaping section 8. To the To produce the edge finish, the plate is inserted into the opening of the tool in such a way that the cut surface of the Mat rests against the extrusion opening. Then the plate or given the tool a speed such that the

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Plate moves in the direction of arrow 9 relative to the tool. In doing so, dns IiesserS becomes a part of the core cut out through the opening 6 to the outside. Through the extrusion opening 7 is plasticized Polymer mass pressed into the cut surface of the plate, the Ilasse in the course of the movement, the shaping path happens and is smoothed and solidified here.

The Hesser 5 has the shape of an angle in FIG. 3. There are but other forms of the knife are also conceivable. It can also be useful to heat the knife 5 electrically, for example. Fig. 4 shows an extrusion tool in section, in which a lightweight panel 13 is processed. Through the knife 5 is a Part 11 of the core cut out of the cut surface 12 of the plate, which emerges through the opening 6. Through the connection Io and the extrusion opening 7 is plasticizable Polymer mass pressed into the cut surface of the plate. Since, depending on the type of polymer mass, the solidification by heating or occurs due to cooling, a heatable or a coolable shaping section is used depending on the Hasse. There are too Extrusion tools are conceivable whose shaping section is designed to be both heatable and coolable.

Fig. 5 shows a section through a means of the extrusion tool according to Fig. 4 produced edge termination. The cell walls of the core are cut in the edge area by the knife 5, so that only the remnants 16 of the cell walls remain. Through the openings created by the knife 5, the Mass penetrate deeper into the core and thus forms the edge termination 15 shown. Another form of an edge termination is in Fig. 6 shown. The shape of the edge termination 17 is achieved by appropriate design of the knife 5. There are also edging conceivable, depending on the application of the panels in the transverse

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cut something other than the straight ones between the top layers Have the course of the end surface. An embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing an edge termination on lightweight panels using plasticizable polymer mass consists in that a closing element is inserted into the cut surface of the plate and plasticized by polymer mass is firmly connected to the plate. A corresponding extrusion tool 7 shows. In addition to the knife 5, the extrusion opening 7 and the shaping section B, this has another Breakthrough 2o through which the Abüchlußelement 21 in the tool comes in. Hit this tool can thus save cutting out of the core from the edge area, the extrusion of the polymer mass and the shaping, the insertion of the closure element can be carried out in one operation. Fig. 0 shows a cross section through the edge of a light construction panel, the edge termination was produced with the tool according to FIG. The cross section shows the closure element 2 1 by means of the polymer mass 22 is connected to the core and to the cover layers. With a bevel of the adhesive surfaces on the closing element the angle ex ensures that there is between the cover layers and form adhesive joints with the terminating element in the polymer mass can penetrate. The largest third of this closing element corresponds to the core height. Fig. 9 shows a section through an edge termination with another closure element 23 which extends outside over the entire thickness of the plate. Fig. Io shows a further edge closure with a closure element 24. This is first pressed into the core and then connected to the plate by extruding polymer mass into the joints 25. In a tool for production, not shown here the extrusion opening is corresponding to such edge terminations redesigned and exchanged with the breakthrough for the introduction of the closure element. In the presence of a knife this is redesigned accordingly. There are also edge terminations with a closure element conceivable, depending on the application of the

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PIa b th in the cross section, another a Le the straight course the end surface, ba the blanks utr fc battens also have boundary curves with arbitrary Krünuauncj Ι; ϋηη · .η, there is another embodiment of the Lxtruuierweri ^ .- juijt-i. carin, that the Formyebungss track ei flexible from ever ;: LsL :. ULo ;. can e.g. by arranging at least one joint utiu: through flexible sheet metal layers can be achieved.

A measure that is often required for the manufacture of components made of lightweight panels is the connection of L '_. Lch'. building boards along their edges, the had uiiuMi uo. L Lubigen can include angles. This Vev.L-Lnutrn v \ _ <n can also be built by means of the f irKUmgsgemüil ·.;. !! v'eriohi. · _Η. "By extrusion or injection molding of plasticized I -. ■ Lyr.ier; lass ^ are carried out in an advantageous manner. FLg. II shows Lu in a precise representation of a section through the , which here form an angle of 90 ° with one another. To connect the battens, they are fixed in a desired position by a device (not shown ⁾ Ly mermasse is pressed into the space between the beiuc-n plates through the channel 27. As a result of the relative movement existing between the plates and the tool, the mass is smoothed and solidified by the shaping stretch that subsequently slides past . Line Further development of the aforementioned extrusion tools consists in that the relative movement between the plate and the tool by a drive arranged inside the tool, for example by a friction wheel he is generated .

When the injection molding process is used to connect lightweight panels, part 26 from FIG. 11 takes on the function of a

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ii: ;; «jiißi oriii. Through the channel 2 7 the space between the i I Io;: lc ^; ni: filled with plasticized polymer mass.

L.XUC inticro often eriorderliclie production dimensions in the manufacture of components buk lightweight panels is the introduction of connecting elements !!. This measure, too, can be carried out in a very advantageous manner by means of the eri indungsgei white process through the use of plasticizing;.; Nrer 1- n] yiuerruasse. In j-'iu. 12 shows the various manufacturing steps for introducing a connecting element. First of all, the upper layer of the cover and the core are learned in a circular area around the / »CuECt? 12 a shown. Fig. 12 b shows ■:. <Cs subsequent filling of the Polyrnermasse in the created ■ L; fr / .ui'j. F .Lo. 12 c shows the point filled, for example, with polycarbonate foam. Fig. 12e shows a connecting element 3o of the usual type for pressing into plastic parts with a Einpreßv.'crkzouj 31, ready for pressing into the hat. When the connection element is pressed in, the polymer mass is heated up using conventional methods, for example ultrasound, high frequency, etc. Here, the use of thermoplastic Polytnerrchüume proves to be particularly advantageous because there is no need to drill a .vuinnhmebohrung for the connecting element. Core fillings made of non-foamed thermoplastic polymer mass require a receiving bore according to FIG. 12 d. The same applies to core fillings made from thermoset polymer masses. 12 f. A simplification of this method is shown in FIG. 13. Here, to prepare the mat for core filling, only the cover layer is removed, as shown in FIG. 13 a. The ilasses are introduced into the cells of the core according to FIG. 13 b. When the connection element is pressed in, the cell walls are compressed like dif;:; Fig. 13c shows. Krai part extension points of this kind also show sufficient strength.

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FIG. 14 shows examples of different connecting elements of the usual type. The connecting element according to FIG. 14 a has a toothing 32 and a plurality of grooves 33 on the outside and a thread 34 on the inside. This version is particularly suitable for pressing into thermoplastic masses under the action of heat. The connecting element according to FIG. 14 b has inside a thread 35 and longitudinal grooves and claws 37 on the outside. When this connecting element is pressed into a receiving bore with a correspondingly predetermined diameter, the lower part of the element is pressed as a result of the slot 38 together in such a way that the thread narrows downwards. When a screw is screwed into the thread 35, the lower one Part of the element spread so that the claws 37 engage deeply in the side surface of the receiving bore. 14c shows a similarly acting connecting element with the thread 39, the longitudinal toothing 4o, the transverse toothing 41 and the slot 42.

Another way of introducing connecting elements into components made of lightweight panels is that for production an opening in a cover layer and in the core a lost tool is used which remains in the plate and serves here as a stopper that receives the actual connecting element. Fig. 15 shows two so produced Force introduction points. The lost tool is preferably made of plastic and is inserted into the plate by drilling or punching. Fixing this like that created plug is done by plasticized polymer mass, which is pressed through channels within the plug and so into the joints between the plug and the surrounding ones Parts of the plate arrives. After the mass has solidified, the connection between the stopper and the plate is immediate durable. A connection is then introduced

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Durigseleriientes of the usual kind. They are also lost tools or plugs are conceivable which have an internal thread and thus no special connecting element for subordinate applications e.g. in the form of a spherical thread insert. An advantageous development of the lost .Tools consists in the fact that they already have a connecting element of the usual type before they are inserted into the plate exhibit. Correspondingly, FIG. 15 a shows a force introduction point in a plate 43 with a lost tool or plug 44 with a connecting element 45 according to FIG. 14 a. Below the plug 44 are the Cell walls 46 compressed. The plug 44 is through the polymer mass 47 firmly connected to the plate. Another example of a force conduction point in a plate FIG. 48 shows FIG. 15 b with a stopper 49, compressed cell walls 50 and the polymer mass 51 itself a thread 52, creating a fastener e.g. according to Fig. 14 is omitted.

Another way of creating force application points in components made of lightweight panels using plasticizable Polymer mass consists in inserting a lost tool or plug of plasticizable polymer mass into the plate is introduced and then plasticized and deformed in such a way that there is a firm connection between the stopper and the plate results. 16 shows examples of force introduction points produced in this way. Fig. 16 a shows one Plug 53 made of plasticizable polymer compound, which is inserted into a bore in a plate 54. To install the Stopper, this is plasticized under the action of heat and pressed by a punch 55 through a on the plate Guide sleeve 56 driven into the plate. The plug expands in the transverse direction and thus forms a

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Undercut of the upper cover layer, as shown in FIG. 16 b. Fig. 16c shows a lost one introduced into a plate Tool 58 with a type of drill bit 59, a receiving bore 6o and a circumferential groove 61. For fastening in the plate, the upper part of the tool is through a corresponding Stamp, which dips into the groove 61, shaped under the action of heat in such a way that there is an undercut of the upper cover layer results, as shown in FIG. 16 α.

A discontinuous method of operation is also conceivable as another possibility for producing the edge termination. Here is the edge termination using appropriate shapes on all sides for the entire blank or for one at a time Cut edge produced in a single injection molding process.

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Claims (9)

Claims Method for preparing and / or joining components cut from prefabricated lightweight panels e.g. made of fiber-reinforced plastic as well as a cell structure core and an upper and lower Top layer, with force introduction points created at certain points and edge connections or connections are produced along the edges, characterized in that at predetermined points or, in predetermined areas, plasticized polymer mass is introduced into the cell structure core of the components will. -2- • 09881/0451 ORIGINAL INSPECTED 3155 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized that the polymer mass any, in particular yasfönnige Fillers are added. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that for producing the Randbzw. Edge finishes the corresponding cut edges of the components are filled with plasticized polymer mass. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized that closure elements made of suitable material by means of plasticized polymer mass with the cut edges of the Components are connected. 5. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the production of the force introduction points takes place in the following operations: - Removal of a cover layer of the component and, if necessary, of the core in the area of the force introduction, - Filling the opening with plasticized polymer mass and making a receiving hole - Insertion of a connecting element of the usual type. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized that the insertion of the connecting element and the filling of the opening takes place in one operation. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the removal of the cover layer in the region of the Force introduction using a lost tool made of thermoplastic material in such a way that the tool remains in the lightweight panel and here fulfills the function of a plug, which is connected to the component by subsequent hot forming. §09881 / 0451 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the removal of the cover layer in Area of application of force through a lost tool made of any material in such a way that it remains in the lightweight panel as a plug and through plasticized polymer compound connected to the lightweight panel will. 9. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that for connecting two Components these are joined together with the prepared edges at the desired angle and then plasticized Polymer mass are connected to each other. 1o. Process according to Claim 5, characterized in that the polymer mass is foamed and that the production of the receiving bore for introducing the connecting element is omitted. -4- 809881/0451